英语四六级翻译预测50篇

英语四六级翻译预测50篇书法(calligraphy)是中国文化的精髓。书法在中国随处可见，与日常生活紧密相连。书法作品能装点客厅、书房和卧室。它是将汉字写在吸水性良好的宣纸(Xuanpaper)上，然后将作品贴在一块镶有丝绸边的厚纸上，安上卷轴(scroll)或用画框装裱起来挂在墙上。书法作品通常是一首诗、一副对联或主人很喜欢的座右铭。主人亲自书写的作品将体现他的愿望、兴趣以及文学或艺术才华。一幅书法作品可以给白色的墙壁增添活力，为宾客友人带来快乐。参考译文：参考译文：CalligraphyistheessenceofChineseculture.ItcanbefoundeverywhereinChina,andiscloselylinkedtodailylife.Calligraphicworksdecoratesittingrooms,studiesandbedrooms.TheChinesecharactersarewrittenonXuanpaperwhichisgoodatabsorbingink.Theworkwillbepastedonapieceofthickpaperwithasilkedge,andthenmountedonascrollorputintoapictureframeforhangingonthewall.Usually,acalligraphicworkcontainsapoem,apairofcouplets,oramottotheownerlikesverymuch.Ifthecalligraphicworkiswrittenbytheownerhimself,itwilldemonstratehiswishandinterestaswellashisliteraryorartistictalent.Acalligraphicworkcanbringvitalitytothewhitewall,pleasuretoguestsandfriends.01、指南针中国是世界上公认发明指南针的国家。早在2400多年前，中国人就创造出世界上最早的指南针。后来经过不断改进，到宋朝(theSongDynasty)人们制造出铁针指南针并应用于航海。中国是第一个在海船上使用指南针的国家。指南针为明代(theMingDynasty)郑和下西洋提供了条件。后来指南针传入欧洲，推动了欧洲航海事业的发展为，哥伦布(Columbus)的航行提供了技术保证。参考译文：参考译文：Chinaisuniversallyrecognizedasthecountryhavinginventedthecompass.Asearlyas2,400yearsago,Chinesepeoplecreatedtheearliestcompassintheworld.Lateritwasfurtherimprovedcontinuously.DuringtheSongDynasty,peopleproducedthecompasswithironneedlesandapplieditinnavigation.Chinaisthefirstcountrytousethecompassonseagoingships.ThecompassprovidedaidforZhengHe'svoyagestotheWesternOceanintheMingDynasty.LaterthecompassspreadintoEurope,promotingthedevelopmentoftheEuropeanmarineindustryandguaranteeingtechnicalsupportforColumbus'navigation.02、造纸术在古代，著作和铭文(inscription)通常写在竹片或丝绸上。但丝绸昂贵，竹片太重，使用起来都不方便。后来蔡伦开创了用树皮造纸的方法。传统上人们认为他是纸张和造纸术的发明者。尽管公元前2世纪中国就已经有了早期的纸，但蔡伦促成了纸张的首次重大改进，并通过添加至关重要的新材料使造纸过程标准化。蔡伦发现了造纸材料的组合方式，发明了造纸术。这项发明使蔡伦闻名于世，甚至使他在有生之年就已经得到了认可。参考译文：参考译文：Inancienttimes,writingworksandinscriptionsweregenerallywrittenontabletsofbamboooronpiecesofsilk.Butsilkbeingcostlyandbambooheavy,theywerebothnotconvenienttouse.ThenCaiLuninitiatedthemethodofmakingpaperwiththebarkoftrees.Traditionally,heisregardedastheinventorofpaperandthetechniqueofpapermaking.AlthoughearlyformsofpaperhadalreadyexistedinChinasincethe2ndcenturyBC,hefosteredthefirstsignificantimprovementandstandardizationofpapermakingbyaddingessentialnewmaterialsintopaperscomposition.Caifoundthecompositionofpaperandinventedthetechniqueofpapermaking.Caiwasreputedforthisinventionintheworld,andeveninhisownlifetimehewasalreadygivenrecognitionforit.03、中华老字号中华老字号(Chinacenturies-old/time-honoredbrands)是指那些历史悠久并拥有良好信誉的中国企业。这些企业往往具有鲜明的中华民族传统文化特征，拥有高品质的产品、技艺或服务，取得广泛的社会认同。同仁堂(Tongrentang)和全聚德(Quanjude)均属北京的老字号。同仁堂创建于1669年，其药品以优良的传统工艺和显著的疗效享誉海内外。以北京烤鸭闻名的全聚德创建于1864年，是中国著名的饭店。参考译文：参考译文：Chinatime-honoredbrandsrefertoChinesecompaniesthathavealonghistoryaswellasagoodreputation.WithdistinctcharacteristicsoftraditionalChineseculture,theygetextensivepublicrecognitionbyofferinggood-qualityproducts,techniquesorservices.BothTongrentangandQuanjudearethetime-honoredbrandsinBeijing.Tongrentangwasfoundedin1669，anditsmedicalproductshaveenjoyedagoodreputationbothathomeandabroadforexcellenttraditionalmanufacturingtechniquesandgoodeffects.Foundedin1864andwell-knownforitsBejingroastducks,QuanjudeisafamousrestaurantinChina.印刷术发明之前，想出版新书的学者必须一字一字地抄写。北宋时期，经过多年的实验，毕昇发明了活字印刷术(movable-typeprinting)。他把汉字刻在一小块泥胚(piecesofclay)上，加热汉字直到其变成硬的活字。印书时,人们按顺序将活字摆在一起，印出印迹。印刷完后，他们把字分开，以后重复使用。这种方法既经济又省时。中国的活字印刷术首先向东传至朝鲜和日本，之后向西传至波斯(Persia)和埃及，最后传遍全球。活字印刷术发明促进了世界各国的文化交流。参考译文：参考译文：Beforeprintingwasinvented，ascholarhadtocopycharactersonebyoneifhewantedtopublishanewbook.DuringtheNorthernSongDynasty,BiShenginventedmovable-typeprintingaftermanyyearsofexperimentation.Heengravedthecharactersonsmallpiecesofclayandheatedthemuntiltheybecamehardmovablecharacters.Whenprintingabook，peopleplacedthemoveablecharactersinorderintoawholeblockandthenranoffaprint.Afterprinting,theytooktheblockapartandreusedthecharacterslater.Thismethodwasbotheconomicalandtime-saving.China'smovable-typeprintingfirstspreadeastwardintoKoreaandJapan,thenwestwardintoPersiaandEgypt,andatlast,aroundtheworld.Theinventionofmovable-typeprintinggreatlypromotedculturalexchangesamongcountriesallovertheworld.圆明园(YuanmingyuanImperialGarden)位于北京西郊，于1708年开始兴建。经过几十年的建造、装饰和改建，圆明园成为当时世界上最出色的园林之一。圆明园继承了中国园林建筑的传统，把不同风格的园林建筑融为一体，充分体现出和谐与完美。除此之外，圆明园在世界园林建筑史上也占有非常重要的地位。遗憾的是，经过几场战争，今天的圆明园只是一片废墟。参考译文：参考译文：LocatedinthewestsuburbofBeijing,YuanmingyuanImperialGardenwasfirstconstructedin1708.Afterdecadesofconstruction,decoration,andreconstruction,YuanmingyuanImperialGardenhadbecomeoneofthemostexcellentgardensintheworldatthattime.ItearnedforwardthetraditionofChinesegardenbuildingbycombininggardenarchitecturesofdifferentstylestogivefullexpressionofharmonyandperfectness.Besidesthis,YuanmingyuanImperialGardenalsohadaveryimportantpositionintheworldhistoryofgardenarchitecture.Itisapitythatafterseveralwars,today'sYuanmingyuanImperialGardenisonlyaheapofruins.中国目前拥有世界上最大最快的高速铁路网。高铁列车的运行速度还将继续提升，更多的城市将修建高铁站。高铁大大缩短了人们出行的时间。相对飞机而言，高铁列车的突出优势在于准时，因为基本不受天气或交通管制的影响。高铁极大地改变了中国人的生活方式。如今，它已经成了很多人商务旅行的首选交通工具。越来越多的人也在假日乘高铁外出旅游。还有不少年轻人选择在一个城市工作而在邻近城市居住，每天乘高铁上下班。参考译文：参考译文：Chinanowishometothelargestandfastesthigh-speedrailnetworkintheworld.ThespeedoftheCRH(ChinaRailwayHigh-Speed)trainwillcontinuetoincreaseandmorecitieswillbuildhigh-speedrailstations.TheCRHtrainhasgreatlyreducedpeople'straveltime.Comparedwiththeairplane,theoutstandingadvantageoftheCRHtrainispunctuality,becauseitisbasicallynotaffectedbyweatherortrafficcontrol.Ithastransformedthewaypeopleliveandbecomethefavoriteoptionforbusinesstravelerstoday.MoreandmorepeoplealsotravelbyCRHtrainduringholidays.ManyyoungpeoplechoosetoworkinonecitybutliveinanearbyonesincetheycancommutebyCRHtraineveryday.07、共享汽车共享汽车新能源汽车共享项目已在北京、上海等多个城市展开。这种新型的服务有望在未来几年为中国分享经济注入新的活力。要享受共享汽车服务，你需要先下载客户端，然后注册会员，上传本人身份证和驾照实物照片。经审核通过并交纳押金（deposit）后，即可通过扫描二维码（QRcode）使用租车服务。押金主要用于车辆损坏、违章以及发生行政处罚所产生的费用。租车费用依据实际里程（mileage）和实际用车时间计参考译文：参考译文：Thenewenergyvehicle-sharingprojecthasbeenlaunchedinBeijing,Shanghaiandothercities.ThisnewtypeofserviceisexpectedtoaddnewvitalityintoChina'ssharingeconomyinthenextfewyears.Toenjoythecar-sharingservice,youneedtofirstdownloadtheApp,thenregistertobecomeamemberanduploadphotosofyourIDcardandyourdriver'slicense.Afterpassingthereviewandpayingthedeposit,youcanusethecar-sharingservicebyscanningtheQRcode.Thedepositismainlyusedforpayingfeesarisingfromcardamage,violationsofregulationsandadministrativepunishment.Thecarrentalischargedaccordingtotheactualmileageandtheusagetime.09、皮影戏皮影戏(shadowplay)是中国的一种民间艺术，拥有悠久的历史。皮影戏所需要的演员是用牛皮做的皮影人形，由一个或几个人控制着，并用光将它们反射到幕布上。皮影戏在陕西和甘肃地区最为流行，经常在庙会、婚礼和葬礼等场合演出。皮影戏是用来驱邪的，人们希望皮影戏的演出能给他们带来好运。精致生动的皮影人形已经成为一种收藏品，深受外国人的喜爱。参考译文：参考译文：ShadowplayisaformofChinesefolkartwithalonghistory.Theactorsoractressesinashadowplayarefiguresmadeofcowleather.Beingcontrolledbyoneorseveralpersons,thesefiguresarereflectedviaalightonthescreen.ShadowplayismostpopularintheareaofShanxiandGansuProvincesandoftenperformedinthetemplefairs,weddingceremoniesandfuneralceremonies,etc.Withthepurposeofdrivingoutevilspirits,peoplewishthattheperformanceofshadowplaywillbringthemgoodfortune.Delicateandvividshadowfigureshavebecomeakindofcollectionandaregreatlylovedbyforeigners.桂林是中国著名的风景旅游城市。它位于广西东北部，面积有2.78万平方公里，人口(theNorthernSongDynasty)以来，桂林就已成为广西的政治、经济及文化中心。桂林山水以山青、水秀、洞奇、石美闻名天下;桂林的交通、通讯和住宿都非常便利发达。因此每年有成千上万的国内外游客来到桂林旅游。参考译文：参考译文：GuilinisChina'swell-knowntouristsceniccity.LocatedinthenortheastofGuangxi,Guilincoversanareaof27,800squarekilometerswithapopulationof5million.Guilinisalsoafamoushistoricandculturalcitywithahistoryofover2,000years.Guilinhasbeenthecenterofpolitics,economy,andcultureofGuangxisincetheNorthernSongDynasty.Guilinsceneryisfamousforitsgreenmountains,clearwater,magicholes,andbeautifulstones.Thetransportation,communication,andaccommodationinGuilinareconvenientandwell-developed.Therefore,thousandsoftouristsfromhomeandabroadareattractedtotravelhereeveryyear.乌镇是浙江的一座古老水镇，坐落在京杭大运河河畔。这是一处迷人的地方，有许多古桥、中式旅店和餐馆。在过去一千年里，乌镇的水系和生活方式并未经历多少变化，是一座展现古文明的博物馆。乌镇所有房屋都用石木建筑。数百年来，当地沿着河边建起了住宅和集市。无数宽敞美丽的庭院藏身于屋舍之间，游客们每到一处都会有惊喜的发现。参考译文：参考译文：Wuzhenisanancient"Waterside"inZhejiang,locatedinthebankofJingHangCanal.Thisisacharmingplacewheretherearemanyoldbridges,hotelsinChinesestyleandrestaurants.Overthepast1,000years,therewerenoobviouschangesinthewatersystemsandlifestylesinWuzhen,whichisamuseumthatshowstheancientcivilizations.AllbuildingsinWuzhenarebuiltbystonesandwoods.Forhundredsofyears,localpeoplehavebuiltuphousesandmarketsalongtheriverside.Countlessbeautifulandcapaciousyardsarehiddenbetweenhouses.Andvisitorswillbesurprisedwhentheyseethem.12、中国画国画(Chinesepainting)是世界上最古老的艺术传统之一。绘画时用毛笔蘸黑墨或彩墨在纸张或丝绸上作画。根据表现手法，国画可分为写意派(theXieyischool)和工笔派(theGongbischool)两大类。写意派以自由表达和形式夸张为特点；工笔派则注重以精细的笔法描绘细节。山水画被公认为国画的最高形式。纵观历史，不同时期的国画都相应地反映出人们的社会意识。参考译文：参考译文：Chinesepaintingisoneoftheoldestartistictraditionsintheworld.Thepaintingisdoneonpaperorsilkwithabrushdippedinblackorcoloredink.Accordingtothemeansofexpression,ChinesepaintingscanbedividedintotwocategorieswhicharetheXieyischoolandtheGongbischool.TheXieyischoolischaracterizedbyfreeexpressionandexaggeratedforms,whiletheGongbischoolattachesimportancetodetailwithfinebrushwork.LandscapepaintingiswidelyregardedasthehighestformofChinesepainting.Throughouthistory,theChinesepaintingsatdifferenttimesmirrorpeople'ssocialconsciousnessaccordingly.13、港珠澳大桥港珠澳大桥(HongKong-zhuhai-macauBridge)全长55公里，是我国一项不同寻常的工程壮举。大桥将三个城市连接起来，是世界上最长的跨海桥粱和隧道系统。大桥将三个城市之间的旅行时间从3小时缩短到30分钟。这座跨度巨大的钢筋混凝土大桥充分证明中国有能力建造创纪录的巨型建筑。它将助推区域一体化，促进经済増长。大桥是中国发展自己的大湾区总体规划的关键。中国希望将大湾区建成在技术创新和经济繁荣上能与旧金山、纽约和东京的湾区相媲美的地区。参考译文：参考译文：Withatotallengthof55kilometers,theHongKong-zhuhai-macauBridgeisanextraordinaryengineeringinourcountry.Asthelongestcross-seabridgeandtunnelsystemintheworld,thebridgeconnectsHongKong,ZhuhaiandMacau,shorteningthetravelingtimeamongthethreecitiesfrom3hoursto30minutes.ThisreinforcedconcretebridgewithhugespansfullyprovesthatChinahastheabilitytobuildrecord-breakinghugeconstruction.Itwillenhanceregionalintegrationandpromoteeconomicgrowth.ThebridgeisthekeytoChina’sdevelopmentofitsownmasterplanfortheGreatBayArea.ChinahopestobuildtheGreatBayAreaintoanareacomparabletotheBayAreasofSanFrancisco,NewYorkandTokyointermsoftechnologicalinnovationandeconomicprosperity.14、社群学习社群学习在消费升级（upgrade）下的新时代，在线教育市场变得越来越成熟，付费社群模式正引领潮流。总体来说，付费社群学习内容具有专业性、稀缺性和系统性等特性。付费社群模式兼顾学习内容的深度和系统性，因而拥有更强的用户黏性（engagement）。一个好的付费社群不仅能在知识含量上满足用户的需求，还能为用户提供系统性高质量的内容。参考译文：参考译文：Intheneweraofconsumptionupgrades,theonlineeducationmarketisbecomingincreasinglymature,andthepaidcommunitymodelissettingthetrend.Onthewhole,learningmaterialsprovidedbypaidcommunitieshavedistinctcharacteristicsincludingprofessionalism,scarcity,andbeingsystematic.Thismodelprovidesuserswithlearningmaterialsthatarebothsystematicandconcernedwiththedepthandthereforehasstrongeruserengagement.Agoodpaidcommunitycannotonlymeettheneedsofusersintermsofthequantityofthecontents,butalsoprovideuserswithsystematicallyorganizedcontentsofhighquality.15、唐朝唐朝(theTangDynasty)是普遍公认的中国最辉煌的时期之一。唐朝时期许多领域得到了巨大的发展。唐朝的疆域在军事扩张下已超过了汉朝(theHanDynasty)。农业和灌溉工具有了很大的进步，农业经济十分发达。在商业上，唐朝与更多国家有了贸易往来。唐朝也是文学和艺术的黄金时期。盛唐时期出现了整整一代文学巨匠，其中包括唐诗“双圣”李白和杜甫。参考译文：参考译文：TheTangDynastyisuniversallyrecognizedasoneofthemostgloriousperiodsinChina.Ithasseengreatprogressinmanyfields.TheterritoryintheTangDynasty,acquiredthroughmilitaryexpansion,wasgreaterthanthatintheHanDynasty.Greatadvanceshavebeenmadeinagricultureandirrigationtools,makingaprosperousagriculturaleconomy.Inbusiness,theTangDynastyhadtradecontactswithmorecountries.TheTangDynastywasalsothegoldenageofliteratureandarts.Inthehightangperiod,thereappearedawholegenerationofliterarygiantsincludingLiBaiandDuFu,thetwinmastersofTangpoetry.(theMingDynasty)景泰年间盛行，而且以蓝色为主，故而得名“景泰蓝”。它采用一些贵重金属作为原材料，集绘画、工艺、艺术为一体。景泰蓝典雅精美，具有独特的民族风格和浓厚的文化韵味。在明清两朝(theMingandQingDynasties),景泰蓝都是皇家专用的器物饰品，象征着尊贵与财富。景泰蓝也在此时开始随着商船走向海外。参考译文：参考译文：JingTaiLanisakindofChinesetraditionalworksofart.ItgotthenamebecauseitwasverypopularduringtheyearsofJingTaiintheMingDynastywithblueasitsmaincolor.Itusessomepreciousmetalsasrawmaterials,combiningpainting,craft,andart.JingTaiLaniselegantandbeautifulwithauniquenationalstyleandrichculturalflavor.DuringtheMingandQingDynasties,TaiLanwasthedecorativearticleownedonlybyroyalfamilies,asymbolofbeingnobleandwealthy.Alsoatthattime,JingTaiLanbegantogooverseaswithtradeships.17、长江长江，又名扬子江(theYangtzeRiver)，全长6300多千米，是中国第一大河，世界第三大河。长江发源于青藏高原(theQinghai-TibetPlateau),流经多个省市。因富产粮食，长江中下游被称为“中华文明的摇篮”(thecradleofChinesecivilization)。长江两岸风景优美，有众多的名胜古迹。千百年来，长江在农业、工业、运输及战争中发挥着重要的作用。然而近年来，长江遭受了工业污染和湖泊流失，并由此引发了季节性洪水。参考译文：参考译文：TheChangjiangRiver,ortheYangtzeRiver,hasatotallengthofmorethan6,300km.ItisthelongestriverinChinaandthethird-longestoneintheworld.ItrisesintheQinghai-TibetPlateauandflowsthroughmanyprovincesandcities.ThemiddleandlowerreachesoftheriverhavebeencalledthecradleofChinesecivilizationfortheirabundanceoffoodproduced.Alongthetwosidesoftheriverisbeautifulscenerywithmanyscenicspotsandhistoricalsites.Forthousandsofyears,theriverhasbeenplayinganimportantroleinagriculture，industry,transportation,andwar.Butinrecentyears,theriverhassufferedfromindustrialpollutionandlossoflakes,whichhasbroughtseasonalfloods.18、红楼梦《红楼梦》(ADreamofRedMansions)写成于18世纪，是中国著名的古典长篇小说。小说共计120回，前80回的作者是曹雪芹，后40回由高鹗完成。通过对贾氏封建大家族(feudalclan)生活的生动描述《红楼梦》展示了清朝(theQingDynasty)封建社会的兴衰。小说塑造了大量的人物，其中主要人物就将近40个。以该小说为题材的艺术作品很多，其中最成功的当属1987年由王扶林导演的电视连续剧《红楼梦》。参考译文：参考译文：Writteninthe18thcentury,ADreamofRedMansionsisafamousChineseclassicalnovel.Inthis120-chapternovel,thefirst80chapterswerewrittenbyCaoXueqinandtheleft40byGaoE.WithvividdescriptionsofthelifeinthebigfeudalclanofJia,thenovelrevealstheriseandfallofthefeudalsocietyintheQingDynasty.Thenovelshapesalargenumberofcharactersandnearlyfortyareconsideredmajorones.Alotofartisticworkshavebeenproducedbasedonthenovel,amongwhichthemostsuccessfulistheTVseriesADreamofRedMansionsdirectedbyWangFulinin1987.19、本草纲目《本草纲目》(TheCompendiumofMateriaMedica)是明代（theMingDynasty）著名的医学家李时珍所著。这部著作近乎200万字，记载药物(medicalsubstance)1892种。除了中草药（Chineseherhalmedicine)，该书也包含了动物和矿物质作为药物的记载。《本草纲目》堪称中医史上最完整的医书，对各种药物的名称、气味、形态等都做了详尽的介绍。它被翻译成20多种语言并在全世界广为流传。即便现在，人们还常常将它用作医学参考书。参考译文：参考译文：TheCompendiumofMateriaMedicaiswrittenbyLiShizhen,afamousmedicalscientistintheMingDynasty.Withalmost2millionChinesecharacters,thebooklists1,892kindsofmedicalsubstances.BesidesChineseherbalmedicines,itincludesanimalsandmineralsusedasmedicinalsubstances.TheCompendiumofMateriaMedicaisregardedasthemostcompletemedicalbookinthehistoryoftraditionalChinesemedicine.Detailedintroductionsofallthemedicalsubstancesaregiveninthebook,includingname,smell,appearance,etc.Ithasbeentranslatedintomorethan20languagesandspreadsallovertheworld.Evennowitisstilloftenusedasareferencebookinmedicine.20、元青花瓷元代(theYuanDynasty)是中国瓷器(porcelain)发展史上—个重要的时期。基于先前朝代的烧制技术景德镇成功地制作出青花瓷(theblueandwhiteporcelain)。元青花瓷富丽雄浑，其风格与传统的瓷器大相径庭。元青花瓷的出现也使景德镇成为当时世界制瓷业的中心。元青花瓷制作精美而且传世极少，因此异常珍贵。青花瓷的制作在明清两朝(theMingandQingDynasties)得到进一步发展，其中的精品是许多收藏家的终极目参考译文：参考译文：TheYuanDynastyisakeyperiodinthedevelopmentofChineseporcelainindustry.Basedonthefiringtechniquesofformerdynasties,theblueandwhiteporcelainshadbeensuccessfullymanufacturedinJingdezhen.TheblueandwhiteporcelainsoftheYuanDynastyaregrandandsplendid,whosestylesarequitedifferentfromthoseofthetraditionalporcelains.TherisingofblueandwhiteporcelainintheYuanDynastyalsomadeJingdezhenthecenteroftheporcelainindustryintheworldatthattime.Finelymadeandrarelyhandeddown,theblueandwhiteporcelainsoftheYuanDynastyareextremelyprecious.TheblueandwhiteporcelainswerefurtherdevelopedintheMingandQingDynasties.Somefineworksarethedreamtargetsforcollectors。21、京剧脸谱京剧脸谱(thefacialmakeupofBeijingOpera)是具有民族特色的一种独特的化妆方法。它最大的特点在于借助不同的色彩来展示人物的性格。脸谱的颜色使观众对人物的善恶美丑一目了然。通常红色代表忠诚；黑色象征正直；紫色意味公正；黄色喻示残暴(brutality)。此外，脸谱还常常带有图案(design)来表述某个故事，比如后羿脸谱上有九个太阳，表明他曾经用箭射掉了九个太阳。参考译文：参考译文：ThefacialmakeupofBeijingOperaisauniquemakeupmethodwithChinesenationalcharacteristics.Ithasthebestfeatureofshowingthecharacterswithvariouscolorfulfacialpaintings.Theaudienceknowsthegoodorevilcharacterofaroledirectlybasedonthecoloroftheface.Usually,redrepresentsloyalty;blackintegrity;purplejustice,andyellowbrutality.Inaddition,thefacialmakeupoftencomeswithdesignstotellsomestory.Forinstance,HouYihasninesunspaintedonhisface,indicatingthathehasevershotninesunsfromthesky.22、黄颜色帝”(YellowEmperor)；中华民族的母亲河为“黄河”；中国人的皮肤为“黄皮肤”。五行学说(thetheoryoffiveelements)认为黄颜色位居五行的中央，居于诸色之上，最为贵，黄色也因此被定为皇帝服装的颜色。明清两朝(theMingandQingDynasties)，黄色为皇家专用色彩，是权力的象征。直到现在，黄色仍然是中国人最喜爱的颜色之一。参考译文：参考译文：Sincetheancienttimes,thecoloryellowhasacloserelationshipwiththeChinesetraditionalculture.ThefirstemperorinChinawascalled"YellowEmperor"；theMotherRiveroftheChinesenationisthe"YellowRiver"；theChinesepeoplehave"yellowskin".Accordingtothetheoryoffiveelements,yellowwasinthemiddleofthefiveelements,comingfirstofallcolors.Therefore,itwasviewedasthenoblestcolor,acolorfortheclothingofemperors.DuringtheMingandQingDynasties,yellowwastheexclusivecolorfortheEmperorfamilies,whichwasasymbolofpower.Untilnow,yellowisstilloneoftheChinesefavoritecolors.23、移动支付过去几年里，移动支付市场在中国蓬勃发展，随着移动互联网的出现，手机购物逐渐成为一种趋势。18到30岁的年轻人构成了移动支付市场的最大群体。由于现在用手机付款极容易，许多消费者在购物时宁愿用手机付款，而不愿用现金或信用卡。为了鼓励人们多消费，许多商店给使用移动支付的顾客打折。专家预测，中国移动支付市场未来仍有很大发展潜力。参考译文：参考译文：Inthepastfewyears,themobilepaymentmarkethasflourishedinChina.WiththeadventofthemobileInternet,mobileshoppinghasgraduallybecomeatrend.Youngpeopleagedbetween18and30constitutethelargestgroupinthemobilepaymentmarket.(Youngpeoplebetweentheagesof18and30makeupthelargestsegmentofthemobilepaymentmarket.)Sinceitisextremelyeasytopaybymobilephonenow,manyconsumersprefertopaybymobilephonewhenshopping,ratherthanincashorbycreditcards.(Becauseitissoeasytopaybymobilenow,manyconsumerswouldratherpaybymobilephonethanincashorbycreditcardwhenshopping.)Toencouragepeopletospendmore,manystoresofferdiscountstocustomerswhousemobilepayments.ExpertspredictthatChina'smobilepaymentmarketstillhasgreatpotentialfordevelopmentinthefuture.24、七夕七夕节(DoubleSeventhFestival)是中国最具浪漫色彩的传统节日。每年农历(lunarcalendar)七月初七就是七夕节，亦称“乞巧节”。七夕节起源于中国古代牛郎(Cowherd)和织女(WeaverMaid)的爱情神话，他们的故事感动了一代又一代的中国人。许多有情男女会在七夕的晚上祈祷自己的姻缘美满，期望“有情人终成眷属”。近年来，越来越多的都市青年男女把这个节日当作“中国情人节”(ChineseValentine'sDay)。参考译文：参考译文：TheDoubleSeventhFestivalisthemostromantictraditionalChinesefestival.Alsoknownas"QiqiaoFestival",itfallsannuallyonthe7thdayofthe7thmonthofthelunarcalendar.ThefestivalcamefromanancientChineseromanticfairytaleabouttheCowherdandtheWeaverMaid,whichhasdeeplymovedgenerationsofChinesepeople.Manymenandwomeninloveusuallyprayforahappymarriageonthatnight,hopingfor"ahappyendingfortruelove".Inrecentyears,moreandmoreyoungstersincitiescelebratetheDoubleSeventhFestivalasChineseValentine'sDay.25、丽江古城丽江古城有800多年的历史，曾经是茶马古道(theoldteahorseroad)上的一个贸易集结点(confluence)。丽江因其有序的水道和桥梁系统而闻名。丽江古城在建筑、历史及其原住民纳西族(theNaxipeople)的文化传统方面不同于中国其他古城。古城沿山脉和河流而建，为我们提供了一个研究古代建筑的非常珍贵的样本。独特的地理位置、历史背景以及多民族的居民，都使丽江成为最特别的古城之一。参考译文：参考译文：TheoldtownofLijianghasahistoryofmorethan800yearsandwasonceaconfluencefortradealongtheoldteahorseroad.Itisfamousforitsorderlysystemofwaterwaysandbridges.TheoldtownofLijiangdiffersfromotherancientChinesecitiesinarchitecture,historyandtheculturetraditionofitslocalresidents-theNaxipeople.Thetownisbuiltalongmountainsandrivers,providinguswithaveryprecioussampleoftheresearchontheold-timearchitecture.Theuniquegeographicallocation,historicalbackgroundandmultiracialinhabitantsmakeitoneofthemostspecialoldtowns.26、太极拳太极拳（TaiChi）是一系列缓慢的动作，旨在修炼身心。它就像是一种舞蹈，却不需要你随音乐起舞，而是需要你向内看，聆听内心的节奏。它创自数千年前，原本是一种武术（martialart）——一种自卫的技艺。然而，它的武术方面如今不太流行了。目前，全世界成千上万人练习它，主要是由于它对于人类健康的神奇作用。它将身体动作与平静、冥想的（meditative）心理状态结合起来，所以也被称作“冥想运作（meditationmotion）”。参考译文：参考译文：TaiChiisaseriesofslowmovementsthatareaimedattrainingusphysicallyandmentally.Itisjustlikeadancethatrequiresyoutolookinsideanddancetotheinternalrhythmsinsteadofmusic.Itwascreatedthousandsofyearsagoasamartialartandspecificallyasadefensiveart.However,nowadaysitsmartialaspectisnotthatpopular.Itispracticedbythousandsofpeoplearoundtheworldmostlybecauseofitsmiraculouseffectsonhumanhealth.Itisoftencalled"meditationinmotion"becauseitcombinesthebody'smovementswithacalmandmeditativestateofmind.27、黄山黄山位于安徽省南部。它风景独特，尤以其日出和云海著称。要欣赏大山的宏伟壮丽，通常得向上看。但要欣赏黄山美景，得向下看。黄山的湿润气候有利于茶树生成，是中国主要产茶地之一。这里还有许多温泉，其泉水有助于防治皮肤病。黄山是中国主要旅游目的地之一，也是摄影和传统国画最受欢迎的主题。参考译文：参考译文：MountHuangislocatedinthesouthofAnhuiprovince.Itslandscapeisunique,anditisespeciallyfamousforitssunriseandseaofclouds.Inordertoappreciatethemagnificenceofthisgreatmountain,onehastolookup,buttoenjoythebeautifulsceneryofMountHuang,onehastolookdown.MountHuang’shumidclimateisfitforthegrowthofteatree,anditisoneofthemajorteatreegrowingareasofChina.TherearealsomanywarmspringsinMountHuang,whosewaterishelpfulforthepreventionandtreatmentofskindiseases.MountHuangisoneofthemajortouristdestinationsinChina,andisalsothemostpopularsubjectofphotographyandtraditionalChinesepaintings.28、方言中国幅员辽阔，人口众多，很多地方人们都说自己的方言。方言在发音上差别最大，词汇和语法差别较小。有些方言，特别是北方和南方的方言，差异很大，以至于说不同方言的人常常很难听懂彼此的讲话。方言被认为是当地文化的一个组成部分，但近年来能说方言的人数不断减少。为了鼓励人们更多说本地方言，一些地方政府已经采取措施，如在学校开设方言课，在广播和电视上播放方言节目，以期保存本地的文化遗产。参考译文：参考译文：Chinaisavastcountrywithalargepopulation,andinmanyplacespeoplespeaktheirowndialects.Dialectsdiffermostinpronunciation,butlessinvocabularyandgrammar.Somedialects,especiallythosefromthenorthandsouth,aresodifferentthatspeakersofdifferentdialectsoftenhavetroubleunderstandingeachother.Dialectsareconsideredanintegralpartoflocalculture,butthenumberofpeoplewhocanspeakthemhasbeendecreasinginrecentyears.Inordertoencouragepeopletospeakmorelocaldialects,somelocalgovernmentshaveadoptedapproaches,suchasopeningdialectclassesinschoolsandbroadcastingdialectprogramsonradioandtelevisioninordertopreservelocalculturalheritage.29、中国菜系中国一个幅员辽阔、资源丰富、历史悠久的多民族国家，每个民族都有其独特的丰富菜肴。地域菜系在地理环境、气候、文化传统、民族风俗和其他因素的影响下经过悠久历史的发展已经成形。最有影响力、最具代表性的是鲁、川、粵、闽、苏、浙、湘、徽菜系，这八种被人们称为“八大菜系”。中国的“八大菜系”是以多种多样的烹饪方法区分的，各有其长处。参考译文：参考译文：Chinaisatime-honoredmulti-ethnicnationwithavastterritoryandabundantresources,andeveryethnicgrouphasitsuniqueabundantdishes.Regionalcuisineshavetakenshapeafterlong-historyevolutionundertheinfluenceofgeographicalenvironment,climate,culturaltradition,folkcustomsandotherfactors.ThemostinfluentialandrepresentativeonesareLu,Chuan，Yue,Min,Su，Zhe,XiangandHuiCuisines,whicharecommonlyknownas“EightMajorCuisines”.Dishesinthe“EightMajorCuisines”inChinaarecharacterizedbydiversifiedcookingskills,witheachhavingitsstrongpoints.30、追星“追星（starchasing）”是指人们对某个明星特别崇拜（worship想要了解关于他/她的一切，这种行为多发生在青少年中。“追星”也是“双刃剑（double-edgedsword）ℽ,盲目地“追星”会分散精力，影响到青少年的学习。但若理性对待，它也有积极的一面。因为它可以让人拥有敬慕的对象，以他们为榜样，努力追求属于自己的成功未来。总之，“追星”有利也有弊，应该取其精华，弃其糟粕，从而树立健康的生活态度和价值观。参考译文：参考译文：Starchasingreferstoone'sworshipforacelebrityandthestrongfeelingtoknoweverythingabouthimorher.Itmainlyoccursamongadolescents.Starchasingisalsoadouble-edgedsword.Blindlychasingafterstarswilldistracttheattentionoftheyouthfromtheirstudy.However,iftreatedrationally,italsohasapositiveside.Withsomeonetorespect,admireandemulate,theadolescentwillstriveforasuccessfulfuture.Inshort,therearebothadvantagesanddisadvantagesinstarchasing.Itsessenceshouldbetakenandthedrossdiscardedsoastofosterhealthylife,attitudesandvalues.31、节日美食我国食品种类繁多，节日食俗也丰富多彩。春节(theSpringFestival)是我国的传统节日，人们通常从它的前夜—除夕就开始张罗