陕西省重点中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期末考试英语试卷（含答案）

陕西省重点中学2022-2023学年上学期期末考试高二英语第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。DiscovertheCanadianRockiesbyrailandcar.EnjoytwodaysaboardthescenicRockyMountaineer,combinedwiththefreedomtodiscoverfantasticBanffNationalParkinyoursparetimebyrentalcar.AbouttheTourYourtourstartsinVancouver,whereyoucanexplorethesceniccityonyourownandvisitVancouverLookoutforthewholeviews.Afterarelaxingevening,you'llstartyourseconddaywithtravelaboardtheRockyMountaineer,fromVancouvertoKamloops,theheartofBritishColumbia.Getyourcamerasreadyfordramaticscenery,fromtherushingwatersofHell'sGatetomountainpeaks.ContinueeasttoAlberta,acrossranchlands,lakeshores,mountainpassesandtunnels,arrivinginthetownofBanff.Youcanhaveyoursupperbytastingthelocalfood,butthecostfallsonyou.SpendthenextdayenjoyingBanffonyourown,andthendrivetoLakeLouiseandYohoNationalPark.TravelthroughKananaskisCountryandthewide-openranchesofAlbertabeforearrivinginCalgary,whereyou'llspendaneveningtouringthecitybeforeyourtripcomestoanend.Highlights2daysofscenicrailtravelonboardtheRockyMountaineerFreeHotelaccommodations（住宿）forallthe5nights4freemeals3-dayfull-sizecarrentalwithGPSandunlimitedmileageVancouverLookoutCalgaryTowerAdditionalInformationItisyourdutytocheckandfulfillthepassport,visa,andhealthrequirementsapplicable（合适的）toyourjourney.Wedonotacceptanylossifyoucannottravel,orreceiveanyotherlossbecauseyouhavenotobeyed（遵循）anypassport,visa,orhealthrequirements.Youaretopaybacktousinrelationtoanyfinesorotherlosseswhichwegetasaresultofyourfailuretofollowanypassport,visa,orhealthrequirements.1．Wheredoesthetourend?A．Banff. B．Calgary.C．Alberta. D．YohoNationalPark.2．Whichisfreeofchargefortourists?A．Accommodations. B．Takingthetrain.C．Drivingarentalcar. D．Allmealsduringthetrip.3．Whatdoestheauthorintendtotellusin"AdditionalInformation"?A．Rulesduringthetravel. B．Riskofbreakingtravelrules.C．Responsibilitytravelersneedtotake. D．Thetroubleingettingthepassport.Eyesaresaidtobethewindowtothesoul—butresearchersatGoogleseethemasindicatorsofaperson’shealth.AstudysuggeststhatGoogle’scomputerscanpredictwhethersomeoneisatriskofaheartattackbyanalyzingaphotographoftheirretina(视网膜).Theresearchreliedonaconvolutionalneuralnetwork,atypeofdeep-learningalgorithm(算法)thatistransforminghowbiologistsanalyseimages.Google’sapproachispartofawaveofnewdeep-learningapplicationsthataremakingimageprocessingeasierandcouldevenidentifyoverlookedbiologicalphenomena.Theapproachtookoffinthetechsectoraround2012,butscientistsstruggledtoapplythenetworkstobiology,inpartbecauseofculturaldifferencesbetweenfields.“Takeagroupofsmartbiologistsandputtheminaroomofsmartcomputerscientistsandtheywilltalktwodifferentlanguagestoeachother,andhavedifferentmindsets,”saysDaphneKoller,chiefcomputingofficeratCalico.However,throughyearsofstudy,somescientistshaveseenashiftthathasneverhappenedbeforeinhowwellmachinelearningcanaccomplishbiologicaltasksthathavetodowithimaging.Othersaremostexcitedbytheideathatanalysingimageswithconvolutionalneuralnetworkscouldunknowinglyrevealunnoticeablebiologicalphenomena,encouragingbiologiststoaskquestionstheymightnothaveconsideredbefore.Suchdiscoveriescouldhelptoadvancediseaseresearch.Ifdeeplearningcanrevealmarkersofcancerinanindividualcell,itcouldhelptobringaboutnewassumptionsabouthowcancerspreads.Othermachine-learningexpertsinbiologyhavesettheirsightsonnewfrontiers,nowthatconvolutionalneuralnetworksaretakingflightforimageprocessing.“Imagingisimportant,butsoischemistryandmolecular(分子)data,”saysAlexWolf,acomputationalbiologist.Wolfhopestoimproveneuralnetworkssothattheycananalysegeneexpression.“Ithinktherewillbeaverybigbreakthroughinthenextfewyears,”hesays.4．Whatdoweknowaboutaconvolutionalneuralnetwork?A．Itcanpredictdiseases. B．Itisalearningmachine.C．Itcantransformimages. D．Itisanimageprocessor.5．WhatcanweinferfromDaphneKoller’swords?A．Barriersexistincertainfields. B．Scientistshavedifferentresearchaims.C．Characterspreventscientificcooperation. D．Technicallimitationisthebiggestchallenge.6．Withfurtherstudyofconvolutionalneuralnetworks,______.A．manybiologicalquestionsgetansweredB．itdrivesbiologiststoexplorethefieldwidelyC．imageanalysiscangoonwithoutbeingnoticedD．manydeep-learningapplicationshavebeenimproved7．Whatisimpliedinthelastparagraph?A．Neuralnetworksarepromising. B．Itisconvenienttoprocessimages.C．Itisnecessarytoworkonnewfrontiers. D．Analyzinggeneexpressionisimperfect.AfterBerninibrokehisneckandlostallmovementsbelowhisshoulderswhenhewas18,hisbrainstilltoldhishandshowtomove--butthemessagecouldn'tgetthroughtheinjuredpartthatconnectshisbraintootherpartsofhisbody.Now,thankstorecentadvancesinelectricalstimulation(刺激)technology.Berninicanonceagaingrasp,pour,andevenplayGuitarHero.Todoso,heusesamicro-electrodearray(MEA)thatreadshisbrain'ssignalsandsendsthemthroughwirestosomethinglikeasleeveonhisarmthatelectronicallystimulateshismuscles.Inthepastyears,researchershaveusedseveralapproachestoguidepatientslikeBerninitomovetheirhands.Insomesystems,researchersimplanted(植入)sensorsinshouldermusclesthatpatientscouldstillcontrol,allowingthemtomoveonehandbycontractingmusclesintheoppositeshoulder.Othersystemsusebrainimplantssimilartothoseinthenewstudy,buttocontrolroboticarms,ratherthanthepatient’sownmuscles.Butneverbeforehasapatientbeenabletopreciselymovehishandusingthesameneural(神经的)signalsthatcontrolledhishandbeforehisinjury.AfterimplantingtheMEAinBernini'sbrain,researchersconnectedittoacomputer.Berninitrainedthesystemtoconnectpatternsofneuralsignalstospecificmovementsbyrepeatedlymirroringthemovementsofanimaginaryhandonacomputerscreen.Soon,Berninicouldholdlargeobjectslikeglassesandliftsmallobjectslikestraws.Hecouldalsomoveeachfingeronhisownjustbythinkingaboutit,whichprevioussystemshadneverachieved.Anditwasabsolutelyanamazingmoment.8．HowisBernininow?A．Hedoeswellinplayingtheguitar.B．Hehasrecoveredfromhisneckinjury.C．Histhoughtscancontrolhishandmovements.D．Hisshouldermusclesguidehishandmovement.9．Whatdidresearcherswanttodothroughbrainimplantsinthepast?A．Controlthepatients'hands.B．Guiderobotstohelppatients.C．Helppatients'ownmusclescontract.D．Repairpatients'injuredneuralsignals.10．What'sthebreakthroughinBernini'scasecomparedwithpreviousstudies?A．Hecanholdandliftobjects.B．Hecanmoveeachfingerindependently.C．Hecanrecognizehisspecificmovements.D．Hecanuseneuralsignalsforhandmoving.11．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A．MovingHandsbyContractingMuscles.B．UsingNewSystemsforMuscleInjuries.C．SendingNeuralSignalsbyWires.D．LinkingthoughtstoMovements.Ifyoucouldchangeyourchild'sDNAinthefuturetoprotectthemagainstdiseases,wouldyou?ItcouldbepossiblebecauseoftechnologyknownasCRISPR-Cas,orjustCRISPR.CRISPRinvolvesapieceofRNA,achemicalmessenger,designedtoworkononepartofDNA；italsousesanenzyme(If)thatcantakeunwantedgenesoutandputnewonesin,accordingtoTheEconomist.ThereareotherwaysofeditingDNA,butCRISPRwilldoitverysimply,quickly,andexactly.TheusesofCRISPRcouldmeanthatcuresaredevelopedforeverythingfromAlzheimer'stocancertoHIV.Byallowingdoctorstoputjusttherightcancer-killinggenesintoapatient'simmunesystem,thetechnologycouldhelpgreatly.InAprilscientistsinChinasaidtheyhadtriedusingCRISPRtoeditthegenomes(基因组)ofhumanembryos.Thoughtheembryoswouldneverturnintohumans,thiswasthefirsttimeanyonehadevertriedtoeditDNAfromhumanbeings.Withthisinmind,theUS'NationalAcademyofSciencesplanstodiscussquestionsaboutCRISPRsethics(伦理问题).Forexample?CRISPRdoesn'tworkproperlyyet.AswellascuttingtheDNAitislookingfor,itoftencutsotherDNA,too.Inaddition,wecurrentlyseemtohavetoolittleunderstandingofwhatDNAgivespeoplewhatqualities.TherearealsomoralquestionsaroundplayingGod”.Ofcourse,medicinealreadystopsnaturalthingsfromhappening-forexample,itsavespeoplefrominfections.Theopportunitiestotreatdiseasesmakeithardtosayweshouldn'tkeepgoing.Aharderquestioniswhetheritiseverrighttoedithumangerm-line(种系)cellsandmakechangesthatarepassedontochildren.Thisisbannedin40countriesandrestrictedinmanyothers.However,CRISPRmeansthatifgenescanbeeditedout,theycanalsobeeditedbackin.Itmaybeuptousasasocietytodecidewhenandwhereeditingthegenomeiswrong.Also,accordingtoTheEconomist,geneeditingmaymeanthatparentsmakechoicesthatarenotobviouslyinthebestinterestsoftheirchildren:“Deafparentsmayprefertheirchildrentobedeaftoo；parentsmightwanttomaketheirchildrenmoreintelligentatallcosts.Intheend,moreresearchisstillneededtoseewhatwecanandcan'tdowithCRISPR.“It'sstillahugemysteryhowwework,”CraigMello?aUMassMedicalSchoolbiologistandNobelPrizewinner,toldTheBostonGlobe,"We'rejusttryingtofigureoutthisamazinglycomplicatedthingwecalllife.12．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．Whatwecanandcan'tdowithCRISPR.B．HowCRISPRwasdevelopedbyscientists.C．TheadvantagesofCRISPRandargumentsaboutitsethics.D．Scientists'experimentsofusingCRISPRtoedithumanembryos.13．Accordingtothepassage,thetechnologyofCRISPR.A．isverysafebecauseitonlycutstheDNAitislookingforB．isbannedinmostcountriesandrestrictedinmanyothersC．couldcauseparentstomakeunwisechoicesfortheirchildrenD．couldhelpusdiscoverthelinkbetweenDNAandthequalitiesitgivespeople14．Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat.A．alldiseasescouldprobablybecuredthroughtheusesofCRISPRB．scientistshadnevereditedgenomesbeforeCRISPRwasinventedC．CRISPRisatechnologythatusesanenzymetoworkonRNAandDNAD．CRISPRhasproventobethemosteffectivewaytoprotectchildrenagainstdiseases15．Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsCRISPR?A．Supportive. B．Worried. C．Negative. D．Objective.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtocleanupyourdeskManypeoplegettheirmostimportantworkdoneatadesk.Justimaginethatyourdeskismessyordisorganized._16_Onceyoudoabigcleaningofyourdesk,youshouldbeabletokeepitcleanfairlyeasily.However,firstyouneedtogothrougheverythingonyourdeskandfindanewwaytoorganizeallofit.Sortthroughyourpile._17_Don’tmissanything.Asyousort,removejunkandtrash.Separateimportantthingsthatwilleventuallygoonshelvesorindrawers._18_Takethepileofthingsthataren'ttrashbutdon'tseemOKonyourdeskandputtheminadustbinoradrawer.Leavethatcontainerinabasement,acloset,orsomewhereelse.Replaceobjectsonthedesk.Takeeachobjectfromthefirstpileandplaceitonyourdeskoronashelf.Usethelabelsyou'vecreatedoruseanotherorganizationalsystem._19_Cleanyourdeskregularly.Themorefrequentlyyoucleanyourdesk,theeasieritwillbeeachtime._20_Thisway,itiscertainthatyou'llcomeintoacleanandusableworkplacethenextday.Ofcourse,itisnotamusttocleanyourdeskoffeveryday.Butatleast,dochooseonedayperweekormonthtoreallycleanyourdeskthoroughly,dependingonhowquicklyitgetsmessyordisorganized.A．Wipedownthefilesonthedesk.B．Storeobjectsyou'reunsureabout.C．Begingoingthroughthepilefromthetopdown.D．Puteachitembackonthedesk,onethingatatime.E．Attheendofeachday,lookatyourdeskandtidyitup.F．Removeabsolutelyeverythingandplacethemallinonelargepile.G．Itcanbedifficulttofocusortokeeptrackofyourimportantprojects.第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。AnimalRightsEveryconsciousbeinghasintereststhatshouldberespected.Nobeingwhoisconsciousofbeingaliveshouldbedevaluedtothinghood,dominated,andusedasaresourceor____21____.Thekeypointoftheideaknownasanimalrightsisamovementtoextendmoralconsiderationtoall____22____beings.Nobodyshouldhavetodemonstrateaspecificlevelofintelligenceorbejudgedbeautifultobegivenmoralconsideration.Nobeingshouldhavetobeusefultohumanityorcapableofaccepting“duties”inordertobeextendedmoralconsideration.____23____,whatotheranimalsneedfromusisbeingfreefromdutiestous.Animalrightsisaboutlettinganimalsliveontheirownterms.Itcanbewrittenintoourlaws,butisnotanactuallistorbillofrightsaswehaveforhumansociety.Itbeginswithourpromisesnottoactlike____24____ofothers.Animalrightsisaboutjustice—treatinganimalsfairly.Whyisanimalrights____25____?Itisbecausewehumansoftenactasthoughwearetheonlybeingsontheplanet.Althoughwedependonotheranimalsforourverysurvival,humansaretheonlyanimalsthathaveupsetthebalanceofnature.Therearelotsofwaysthathumans____26____animals.Wedomesticatethemandusethemforfood,eventhoughournutritionalneedscanbecompletelysuppliedbya(n)____27____diet.Althoughothermaterialsareavailable,weuseanimal’sskinandotherbodypartsforclothing,furs,hats,boots,jewelleryandevenpettoys.Humanscantalkaboutitbutanimalscannot.Allanimalswishtoexperiencelifeinitsfullness.Unlikemanyanimalswhohavetokilltosurvive,humansdonot.Whyshouldhumanscause____28____tootherbeingswhenit’snotnecessary?Aswedo,animalsprotecttheirchildren;theyfeelfear;theywarneachotherofdangers;theyplay.Wemightdifferfromotheranimalsinsomeways,butthatdoesn’tgiveustherightto____29____themdown,taketheirlands,pollutetheirwaters,orusethemforourconveniences.Animalsalsoexperiencepainandit’snotdifficulttoobserve______30______ofpaininthewayaconsciousbeingreactstoit.Wetakeadvantage,causedistress,andact______31______whenweuseanimalsforamusement.Lotsofpetsare______32______onthestreetswhentheirownersnolongerfinditconvenientoraffordabletokeeporcareforthem.Whetherweadmititornot,it’saprejudicetothinkweare______33______toanimalsandthatitisourrighttocontrolthem,whichcanonlymakepeopleactmean,hatefulorneglectful.However,eachofushaswithinusthepowerto______34______.Wecanadoptadifferentattitude,onethatreshapeourdestiny.Thiswillhavewonderfuleffectsontheplanet’sothercommunities,forlifeis______35______avoidingsuffering.Itisinteracting,singing,pursuingjoy.Wehumanscanlearntoliveresponsibly,withrespect,kindnessandlove.21．A．companies B．goods C．insects D．providers22．A．active B．conscious C．intelligent D．strange23．A．Indeed B．Moreover C．Nevertheless D．Otherwise24．A．followers B．friends C．masters D．tutors25．A．necessary B．neglected C．respected D．revolutionary26．A．distinguish B．eliminate C．exploit D．raise27．A．animal-free B．eco-friendly C．low-salt D．well-balanced28．A．conflict B．confusion C．isolation D．misery29．A．calm B．chase C．pull D．tear30．A．signs B．symbols C．symptoms D．performances31．A．differently B．enthusiastically C．gently D．unfairly32．A．abandoned B．chosen C．oppressed D．spoiled33．A．accessible B．appealing C．reasonable D．superior34．A．change B．dominate C．persist D．proceed35．A．contraryto B．morethan C．owingto D．ratherthan第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。EnglishplaywrightArthurWingPinerosaid,“Wherethere’stea,there’shope.”SimilarlyinChina,itissaid____36____firewood,rice,cookingoil,salt,sauce,vinegarandteaarethesevennecessary____37____(item)tobeginaday.Teais,withoutdoubt,welcomedallovertheworld.Teaismuchmorethanjustahotdrink.It’sabigpartofmanyculturesaroundtheworld.PeopleinChinausetop-gradetea____38____(show)respectwhen_____39_____（receive）importantguests.Meanwhile,____40____Britishtraditionofafternoonteaisanimportantpartofthatcountry’sidentity.Asan_____41_____(express)ofMoroccanhospitalityandtradition,minttea–amixofgreentea,spearmint(绿薄荷)leavesandsugar–______42______(serve)duringgatheringsandnegotiations.Apartfromits_____43_____(culture)significance,teaisalsoamedicine,____44____(use)fromancienttimestomodernday.“Teaiscoldandlowersthefire,”ChineseherbalistLiShizhenoncesaid.Thehealthbenefitsofteaarestillbeingdiscoveredtoday:preventingheartdisease,obesityandcancerhaveallbeenlinked______45______drinkinggreentea.写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46．假定你是李华，下周将参加一场主题为“AHeroinMyHeart”的英语演讲比赛。请撰写一篇演讲稿，内容包括1.人物简介；2.主要事迹；3.所受启发。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节（满分25分）读后续写47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Amancamehomefromworklate,tiredandunhappy,tofindhis5—year—oldsonwaitingforhimatthedoor.Howtheboywishedtohavefunwithhisfatherathomeevenforashorttime.“Daddy,mayIaskyouaquestion?”“Yeahsure.whatisit?”repliedtheman.“Daddy,howmuchdoyoumakeanhour?”“That’snoneofyourbusiness.Whydoyouasksuchathing?”themansaidangrily.“Ijustwanttoknow.Pleasetellme.Howmuchdoyoumakeanhour?”pleadedthelittleboy.“Ifyoumustknow,Imake$20anhour.”“Oh,”thelittleboyrepliedwiththeheaddown.Lookingup,hesaid.“Daddy,mayIpleaseborrow$10?Thefatherwasangry.“Iftheonlyreasonyouaskedthatisthatyoucanborrowsomemoneytobuyasillytoyorsomeothernonsense,thenyoumarchyourselfstraighttoyourroomandgotobed.Thinkaboutwhyyouarebeingsoselfish.Iworkhardeverydayforsuchchildishbehavior.”Thelittleboyquietlywenttohisroomandshutthedoor.Themansatdownandstartedtogetevenangrieraboutthelittleboy’squestions.“Howdareheasksuchquestionsonlytogetsomemoney?”hethoughttohimself.Afteraboutanhourorso,themancalmeddown,andstartedtothink:Maybetherewassomethinghereallyneededtobuywiththat$10andhereallydidn’taskformoneyveryoften.Themanwenttothedoorofthelittleboy’sroomandopenedthedoor.“Areyouasleep,son?”heasked.“No,daddy,I’mawake.”repliedtheboy.I’vebeenthinking.maybeIwastoohardonyouearlier,”saidtheman.“IthasbeenalongdayandItookoutmyangeronyou.Here’sthe$10youaskedfor.”Thelittleboysatstraightup,smiling.“Oh.Thankyou,daddy!”heshouted.Then,reachingunderhispillowhepulledoutsomecrumpled(皱巴巴的)bills.注意：1．所续写短文的词数不少于100词；2．续写部分开头语已为你写好；Theman,seeingthattheboyalreadyhadmoney,startedtogetangryagain.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Notknowingwhathissonmeant,thefatherjuststoodthere,waitingforhisboy’sexplanation._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考答案1．B

2．A

3．C本文是应用文。这是一则乘火车和汽车探索加拿大落基山脉的旅游广告。在美丽的洛基登山队上享受两天的时间，并在空闲时间乘坐租车自由地探索美丽的班夫国家公园。广告介绍了与旅游有关的一些信息。1．细节理解题。根据AbouttheTour中的“TravelthroughKananaskisCountryandthewide-openranchesofAlbertabeforearrivinginCalgary,whereyou'llspendaneveningtouringthecitybeforeyourtripcomestoanend.”（在到达卡尔加里之前，你将穿过卡那纳斯基斯的乡村和阿尔伯塔省开阔的牧场，在你的旅程结束之前，你将在卡尔加里度过一个夜晚。）由此可知，旅行在卡尔加里结束。故选B。2．细节理解题。根据Highlights中“FreeHotelaccommodations（住宿）forallthe5nights”（5晚免费住宿），由此可知，“住宿”对游客是免费的。故选A。3．推理判断题。根据AdditionalInformation中的“Itisyourdutytocheckandfulfillthepassport,visa,andhealthrequirementsapplicable（合适的）toyourjourney.（你有责任检查和履行与你的旅行有关的护照、签证和健康要求。）由此可知，在“附加信息”中，作者想告诉我们旅行者需要承担的责任。故选C。4．D

5．A

6．B

7．A这是一篇说明文。主要讲述卷积神经网络在图像处理领域的兴起和应用。4．细节理解题。由文章第二段“Theresearchreliedonaconvolutionalneuralnetwork,atypeofdeep-learningalgorithmthatistransforminghowbiologistsanalyseimages.Google’sapproachispartofawaveofnewdeep-learningapplicationsthataremakingimageprocessingeasierandcouldevenidentifyoverlookedbiologicalphenomena.”（这项研究依赖于卷积神经网络，这是一种深度学习算法，正在改变生物学家分析图像的方式。谷歌的方法是新一轮深度学习应用程序的一部分，这些应用程序使图像处理变得更容易，甚至可以识别被忽视的生物现象。）和“Othersaremostexcitedbytheideathatanalysingimageswithconvolutionalneuralnetworkscouldunknowinglyrevealunnoticeablebiologicalphenomena,encouragingbiologiststoaskquestionstheymightnothaveconsideredbefore.”（其他人最兴奋的是，使用卷积神经网络分析图像可能会在不知不觉中揭示不明显的生物现象，从而鼓励生物学家提出他们以前可能没有考虑过的问题。）可知，aconvolutionalneuralnetwork是一种深度学习算法，帮助处理图像，生物学家通过图像可能会发现没有考虑过的生物现象。故选D。5．推理判断题。由文章第三段“Theapproachtookoffinthetechsectoraround2012,butscientistsstruggledtoapplythenetworkstobiology,inpartbecauseofculturaldifferencesbetweenfields.”（这种方法在2012年左右在科技领域开始流行，但科学家们难以将这种网络应用于生物学，部分原因是不同领域之间的文化差异。）可推知，后文DaphneKoller举例的那一段话就是为了说明论证前面culturaldifferencesbetweenfields，说明在不同领域会存在的文化不同，形成交流障碍。故选A项。6．推理判断题。由文章第四段“Othersaremostexcitedbytheideathatanalysingimageswithconvolutionalneuralnetworkscouldunknowinglyrevealunnoticeablebiologicalphenomena,encouragingbiologiststoaskquestionstheymightnothaveconsideredbefore.”（另一些人则最为兴奋的是，使用卷积神经网络分析图像可能会在不知不觉中揭示不可见的生物现象，从而鼓励生物学家提出他们以前可能没有考虑过的问题。）可推知，卷积神经网络分析图像可能会让生物学家更深入广泛地探索他们的领域。故选B项。7．推理判断题。由文章最后一段““Imagingisimportant,butsoischemistryandmoleculardata,”saysAlexWolf,acomputationalbiologist.Wolfhopestoimproveneuralnetworkssothattheycananalysegeneexpression.“Ithinktherewillbeaverybigbreakthroughinthenextfewyears,”hesays.”（“成像很重要，但化学和分子数据也很重要，”计算生物学家亚历克斯·沃尔夫说。沃尔夫希望改进神经网络，使其能够分析基因表达。“我认为未来几年将会有一个非常大的突破，”他说。）可推知，神经网络将有一个很有前途的将来。故选A项。8．C

9．A

10．B

11．D这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了通过电刺激技术，Bernini可以再次通过思想来控制自己的行动。8．细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“AfterBerninibrokehisneckandlostallmovementsbelowhisshoulderswhenhewas18,hisbrainstilltoldhishandshowtomove”18岁时，Bernini摔断了脖子，肩膀以下的部位失去了活动能力，但他的大脑仍然告诉他的手如何移动。由此可知，他的大脑可以控制他手的运动。故选C。9．细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“Inthepastyears,researchershaveusedseveralapproachestoguidepatientslikeBerninitomovetheirhands.”在过去的几年里，研究人员已经使用了几种方法来指导像Bernini这样的病人移动他们的手。由此可知，过去研究人员想通过大脑植入来控制病人的手。故选A。10．细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“Hecouldalsomoveeachfingeronhisownjustbythinkingaboutit,whichprevioussystemshadneverachieved.Anditwasabsolutelyanamazingmoment.”他还可以通过思考来移动自己的手指，这是以前的系统无法做到的。这绝对是一个神奇的时刻。由此可知，Bernini可以独立地移动每一个手指。故选B。11．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段中“Now,thankstorecentadvancesinelectricalstimulation(刺激)technology.Berninicanonceagaingrasp,pour,andevenplayGuitarHero.Todoso,heusesamicro-electrodearray(MEA)thatreadshisbrain'ssignalsandsendsthemthroughwirestosomethinglikeasleeveonhisarmthatelectronicallystimulateshismuscles”现在，多亏了最近电刺激技术的进步。Bernini可以再次抓，倒，甚至弹吉他。为了做到这一点，他使用微电极阵列(MEA)来读取他的大脑信号，并通过电线将它们发送到他手臂上的袖子之类的东西上，从而通过电子方式刺激他的肌肉。由此可知，文章主要讲述了通过电刺激技术，Bernini可以再次通过思想来控制自己的行动。故D项（LinkingthoughtstoMovements）把思想和动作起来，为短文最佳标题。故选D。12．C

13．C

14．A

15．D本文是一篇议论文。文章介绍了一种为抵抗疾病而改变基因组织的新科技CRISPR，它在治疗疾病方面的优点和在伦理方面引发的人们的各种争论。12．主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了一种为抵抗疾病而改变基因组织的新科技CRISPR，其优点和在伦理方面引发的人们的各种争论。故选C。13．细节埋解题。根据倒数第二段的geneeditingmaymeanthatparentsmakechoicesthatarenotobviouslyinthebestinterestsoftheirchildren:“Deafparentsmayprefertheirchildrentobedeaftoo;parentsmightwanttomaketheirchildrenmoreintelligentatallcosts.”可知由于基因被改变，会导致父母不能正确对孩子做出决定，故选C。14．推理判断题。根据第三段的TheusesofCRISPRcouldmeanthatcuresaredevelopedforeverythingfromAlzheimer’stocancertoHIV.可知CRISPR技术使得所有疾病的治愈成为可能。故选A。15．推理判断题。文章中作者详细介绍了CRISPR技术，它在治疗疾病方面的帮助作用，以及在使用中人们对它的各种顾虑。作者是客观如实介绍，所以他对此技术的观点是客观的，故选D。16．G

17．C

18．B

19．D

20．E这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了保持桌面整洁的重要性和整理桌面的四个步骤。16．上文“Justimaginethatyourdeskismessyordisorganized.（试想一下你的办公桌杂乱无章。）”可知下文应说明办公桌杂乱无章的结果。G项“Itcanbedifficulttofocusortokeeptrackofyourimportantprojects.（集中精力或跟踪重要项目进展可能很困难）”表述了办公桌杂乱无章的结果。故选G项。17．上文“Sortthroughyourpile.（把文件排序）”可知本段介绍文件排序的方法。C项“Begingoingthroughthepilefromthetopdown.（开始从最上面的文件排序到最下边的文件）”中“goingthroughthepile”与上文一致。故选C项。18．下文“Leavethatcontainerinabasement,acloset,orsomewhereelse.（将该容器放在地下室，壁橱或其他地方）”可知本段主要讲述如何处理不确定的东西。B项“Storeobjectsyou'reunsureabout.（把不确定的东西储存起来）”中“Storeobjects”与上文“container”形成呼应关系。故选B项。19．上文“Takeeachobjectfromthefirstpileandplaceitonyourdeskoronashelf.（从第一堆中拿出每个物体并将其放在你的桌子或架子上。）”可知下文应讲述把东西放置在桌子上的方法。D项“Puteachitembackonthedesk,onethingatatime.（每次拿一件物品放回桌上）”中“Puteachitembackonthedesk”与“placeiton

yourdesk”意思一致。故选D项。20．下文“Thisway,itiscertainthatyou'llcomeintoacleanandusableworkplacethenextday.（这样可以确定第二天你会进入一个干净且可用的工作场所。）”E项“Attheendofeachday,lookatyourdeskandtidyitup.（每天结束时看看办公桌并整理一下。）”可知其中“Attheendofeachday”与下文“thenextday”形成呼应结构，符合时间顺序。故选E项。21．B

22．B

23．A

24．C

25．A

26．C

27．A

28．D

29．B

30．A

31．D

32．A

33．D

34．A

35．B这是一篇议论文。文章主要说明了动物权利，提到活着有意识的生物都不应该被当作一种资源或商品使用，动物权利就是让动物按照自己的方式生活，指出了动物权利的必要性和人类对动物进行的一系列恶行，建议人类学会带着尊重、善良和爱，负责任地生活。21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：任何意识到自己活着的人都不应该被贬低，被支配，被当作一种资源或商品使用。A.companies公司；B.goods商品；C.insects昆虫；D.providers供应商。根据上文“bedevaluedtothinghood,dominated,andusedasaresourceor”可知，or表示选择，因此推断此处指被当作一种资源或商品使用，应用goods。故选B。22．考查形容词