2022野生动物卫星追踪技术规程

野生动物卫星追踪技术规程11范围·····················································································································2规范性引用文件······································································································3术语和定义············································································································4设备分类···············································································································5设备类型选择·········································································································6设备重量要求·········································································································7设备续航要求·········································································································8设备环境适应性······································································································8.1外壳防护·········································································································8.2高温工作·········································································································8.3高温储存·········································································································8.4低温工作·········································································································8.5低温储存·········································································································8.6湿热···············································································································8.7振动···············································································································8.8冲击···············································································································8.9盐雾···············································································································8.10静电放电抗扰度······························································································9鸟类卫星追踪流程···································································································11122333333344444449.1工具准备·········································································································49.2安装人员要求及防护··························································································9.3个体准备·········································································································559.4背包安装方法···································································································59.5颈环安装方法···································································································79.6腿环安装方法···································································································810兽类卫星追踪流程·································································································910.1工具准备·······································································································910.2安装人员要求及防护························································································910.3个体准备·······································································································10.4项圈安装方法·································································································9911据集 1111.1数据 11I目 次前言 ⅢIIII1111定精要求 11采频率 11野生动物卫星追踪技术规程本技术规程适用于鸟类及兽类的卫星追踪。GB/T4208外壳防护等级（IP代码）GB/T2423.12A：低温GB/T2423.22B：高温GB/T2423.32Cab2423.102Fc（）GB/T2423.52Ea2423.172Ka:盐雾GB/T17626.2电磁兼容试验和测量技术静电放电抗扰度试验鸟类环志技术规程（试行）2002下列术语和定义适用于本文件。3.1野生动物卫星追踪设备Wildlifesatellitetrackingdevice用于动物个体的电子设备，具有卫星定位功能、通信功能以及提供所需要的其他信息的功能，如动物运动速度、航向、飞行高度、体温等信息。背包Backpack佩戴在鸟类和兽类背部的卫星追踪设备。3.3颈环Neckring佩戴在鸟类颈部的卫星追踪设备。3.4腿环LegringPAGEPAGE10PAGEPAGE3佩戴在鸟类腿部的卫星追踪设备。3.5项圈Collar佩戴在兽类颈部的卫星追踪设备。3.6定位精度定位精度是空间实体位置信息(通常为坐标）与其实际位置之间的接近程度。定位精度分为A、B、C、D、E5个等级，各等级偏差范围如表1所示。卫星追踪设备定位精度的可信度为95％。表1定位精度等级等级A级B级C级D级E级偏差范围≤5m5-10m10-20m20-100m100-2000m按佩戴部位将鸟类及兽类卫星追踪设备分为背包、颈环、腿环及项圈。不同类型设备适用不同物种，如表2所示。表2不同类型设备适用的物种设备种类适用物种纲目科物种备注背包鸟纲潜鸟目、䴙䴘目、鹱形目、鹈形目、鹳形目、鸻行目、鸭科、鸬鹚科、鹭科、鹬科、反嘴鹬科、蛎鹬科、企鹅科等。如：鸿雁（Ansercygnoides）、豆雁（Anserfabalis）、（Anser（Tadorna、（Anasplatyrhynchos）（Anaszonorhyncha）（Anas（Aythya（Phalacrocorax（Ardeacinerea）、大白鹭（Egrettaalba）、黑鹮（Pseudibis（Nipponia（Platalealeucorodia）、黑脸琵鹭（Plataleaminor）、白尾海雕（Haliaeetusalbicilla）（Buteohemilasius）、普通鵟（Buteobuteo）、毛脚鵟（Buteolagopus）、苍鹰（Accipitergentilis）（Falcocherrug）、游（Falco（Vanellus、灰头麦鸡（Vanelluscinereus）、灰尾漂鹬（Tringabrevipes）、半蹼鹬（Limnodromussemipalmatus）、斑（Limosa（Limosa、NueisiuusNueisheps、Nueisaaacrenis（Nmns（Philomachus（Tringaertrps（rnagtier（rnanebularia）、反嘴鹬（Recurvirostraavosetta）、黑翅长脚鹬（Himantopushimantopus）、蛎鹬（Haematopusostralegus）等。表2不同类型设备适用的物种（续）设备种类适用物种纲目科物种备注颈环鸟纲雁形目等。鸭科等。（Anser（Anseralbifrons）、（Anser（Anser、斑头雁（Anserindicus）、大天鹅（Cygnuscygnus）、小天鹅（Cygnuscolumbianus）等。植食性、颈部较长的鸟类等。腿环鸟纲鹤形目、鹳形目等。鹤科、鹳科等。如：灰鹤（Grusgrus）（Grusleucogeranus）、丹顶鹤（Grusjaponensis）（Grusmonacha）、白枕鹤（Grusvipio）（Grusnigricollis）、（Anthropoidesvirgo）（Ciconianigra）、（Ciconiaciconia）（Ciconiaboyciana）等。涉禽等。项圈哺乳纲食肉目、偶蹄目、灵长目熊科麝科猪科牛科猴科等。如：虎（Pantheratigris）（Ursusarctos）、麋（Elaphurusdavidianus）（Cervusnippon）、原麝（Moschusmoschiferus）、野猪（Susscrofa）、斑羚（Naemorhedusgoral）（Trachypithecusfrancoisi）等。3100g5％。一年以上或根据追踪对象与需求选择。外壳防护等级符合GB/T4208IP67的标准。设备在温度为55℃时，能正常工作。高温工作试验按GB/T2423.2的规定进行。设备在温度为85℃时，能正常储存。高温储存试验按GB/T2423.2的规定进行。设备在温度为-40℃时，能正常工作。低温工作试验按GB/T2423.1的规定进行。设备在温度为-40℃时，能正常储存。低温储存试验按GB/T2423.1的规定进行。湿热409348hGB/T2423.3振动设备承受振动试验（试验条件见表3）后无结构外观变形和破损，并能正常工作。表3振动试验条件频率Hz加速度m/s2位移（峰值）mm试验时长10～25/1.2每轴向2个扫频循环25～5003/每轴向2个扫频循环振动试验按GB/T2423.10的规定进行。冲击150m/s211ms冲击试验按GB/T2423.5的规定进行。盐雾55p6.7.mg/0c21h的盐雾试验按GB/T2423.17的规定进行。2kVGB/T17626.2工具准备见表4。表4安装鸟类卫星追踪设备工具序号工具名称备注1绑带防紫外线、耐磨、无弹性2速干胶水透明表4安装鸟类卫星追踪设备工具（续）序号工具名称备注3医用口罩、手套、防护服/4剪刀/5底扣防紫外线、耐磨、无弹性6金属环扣/7环志钳/8头套/安装人员需经过专业培训，安装全程应佩戴医用手套、口罩，穿防护服。按照《鸟类环志技术规程》（试行）2002选择健康鸟类，减少应激反应，科学佩戴追踪器。步骤如下：1S1S2N1N2S1说明：S1，S2—绑带；N1，N2—绑带结；K—底扣；E—卫星追踪设备。图1背负式中准备好的背包S1S1处滴速干胶，待胶水固化后剪断多余绑带。安装如图2所