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2017下半年教师资格证考试《英语学科知识与教学能力》(高级中学)一、单项选择题(本大题共30小题,每小题2分,共60分)在每小题列出的四个备选项中选择一个最佳答案。请用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案字母按要求涂黑。错选、多选或未选均无分。1Thesoundof"th"in"thin"is__________.A、voiceless,dental,andfricativeB、voiced,dental,andfricativeC、voiceless,dental,andaffricativeD、voiced,dental,andaffricative2Ofallthefollowingpairsofwords,__________isaminimalpair.A、bootandboughtB、deepanddogC、eitherandneitherD、ghostandbest3__________canflyveryhighin__________sky.A、Thebirds...theB、Thebirds.../C、Birds...theD、Birds.../4
Inmyopinionsheiskindandpolite,soIputherrudenesstodaydownas__________.A、ordinaryB、untimelyC、progressiveD、accidental5
Withspringapproaching,thepinkoftheapple-blossomisbeginningto__________.A、showB、growC、riseD、ascend6
Mr.Woods,Iamherejustincaseanythingoutoftheordinary__________.A、happensB、happenC、wouldhappenD、willhappen7IlookbackonthispleasantholidayinBeijingwith__________pleasure.A、anythingbutB、allbutC、everythingbutD、nothingbut8
Tom,takethisbaggageandputit__________youcanfindenoughspace.A、whichB、inwhichC、whereverD、whereas9Whatisthemainrhetoricdeviceusedin"ThePentagonwasdividedontheairstrike."?A、Synecdoche.B、Metonymy.C、Metaphor.D、Oxymoron.10Whichinferenceinthebracketsofthefollowingsentencesisapresupposition?A、Edecaughtatrout.(Edecaughtafish.)B、Don'tsitonCarol'sbed.(Carolhasabed.)C、Thisblimpisoverthehouse.(Thehouseisundertheblimp.)D、Coffeewouldkeepmeawakeallnight.(Idon'twantcoffee.)11Whichofthefollowinginstructionsishelpfulindevelopingstudents´abilitytomake
inferences?A、Listentoastoryandwriteasummary.B、Listentoastoryandworkoutthewriter'sintention.C、Listentothestoryofaboyandthendrawapictureofhim.D、Listentoastoryandnotedownthespecificdateofanevent.12Themostsuitablequestiontypetocheckstudents´comprehensionanddeveloptheir
criticalthinkingis__________.A、rhetoricalquestionsB、referentialquestionsC、closequestionsD、displayquestions13
Diagnostictestisoftenusedforthepurposeof__________.A、findingoutwhatstudentsknowanddon'tknowB、measuringstudents'generallanguageproficiencyC、knowingwhetherstudentshavetherightlanguageaptitudeD、checkingwhetherstudentshaveachievedtheteachingobjectives14Whichofthefollowingactivitiesisoftenusedtodevelopstudents´speakingaccuracy?A、Identifyingandcorrectingoralmistakes.B、Actingoutthedialogueinthetext.C、Havingdiscussionsingroups.D、Describingpeopleinpair.15
Ifateacherasksstudentstomaketheirownlearningplan,he/sheistryingtodevelop
their__________.A、cognitivestrategyB、affectivestrategyC、communicativestrategyD、metacognitivestrategy16Whenateachertellsthestudentsthattheword
"dog"mayimply
"loyalty",he/sheis
teachingthe__________oftheword.A、denotativemeaningB、collocativemeaningC、conceptualmeaningD、connotativemeaning17
Whichofthefollowingisthelaststepintheprocessofwritingessays?A、Editingthewritings.B、Writingtopicsentencesforparagraphs.C、Gatheringinformationandideasrelevanttothetopic.D、Organizingtheinformationandideasintoalogicalsequence.18
Themainpurposeofaskingquestionsaboutthetopicbeforelisteningisto__________.A、meetstudents'expectationB、increasestudents'confidenceC、activatestudents'schemataD、providefeedbackontasks19
Ifateacherasksstudentstofillintheblanksinapassagewith"that","which"or"whom",
he/sheisleastlikelyfocusingongrammarat__________.A、lexicallevelB、syntacticlevelC、discourselevelD、morphologicallevel20Ifateacherasksstudentstotalkabouttheirhobbiesingroups,he/sheistryingto
encourage__________.A、peercorrectionB、peerfeedbackC、peerinteractionD、peerassessment21请阅读Passage1,完成第{TSE}小题。
Passage1
Withhermagicalfirstnovel,GarciajoinsagrowingchorusoftalentedLatinowriterswhose
voicesaresuddenlyreachingafarwider,morediverseaudience.UnlikeLatinAmericanwriters
suchasColombia´sGabrielGarciaMarqueeofPeru´sMarioVargasLlosa--whosetranslated
worksbecamepopularhereinthe1970s--theseauthorsarewritinginEnglishanddrawingtheir
themesfromtwocultures.Theirstories,from"DreaminginCuban"toJuliaAlvarez´s"Howthe
GarciaGirlsLostTheirAccent"andVictorVillasenor´s
"RainofGold",offerinsightintothe
mixtureofeconomicopportunityanddiscriminationthatLatinosencounterintheUnitedStates.
"GarciaGirls"forexample,isthestoryoffoursistersweatheringtheirtransitionfromwealthy
Dominicanstoragtagimmigrants,"Wedidn´tfeelwehadthebeattheUnitedStateshadtooffer,"oneofthegirlssays,
"Wehadonlysecond-handstuff,rentalhousesinoneredneckCatholic
neighborhoodafteranother,clothesatRoundRobin,ablackandwhiteTVafflictedwithwavy
lines."Alvarez,aMiddleburyCollegeprofessorWhoemigratedfromSantoDomingowhenshewas
10,saysbeinganimmigranthasgivenheraspecialvantagepoint:
"Wetravelonthatborder
betweentwoworldsandwecanseebothpointsofview."
Withfewexceptions,suchasChicanowriterRudolfoAnaya,manyHispanic-Americanshave
beenwritinginvirtualobscurityforyears,nurturedonlybysmallpresseslikeHouston´sArte
PublicoortheBilingualPressinTempe,Ariz.OnlywiththerecentsuccessofSandraCisneros´s"WomanHolleringCreek"andOscarHijuelos´sprize-winningnovel,
"TheMamboKingsPlay
SongsofLove,"havemainstreampublishersbegunopeningdoortootherLatinos.JulieGrau,Cisneros´seditoratTurtleBay,says,
"Editorsmaynowbelookingmorecarefullyatabookthat
beforetheywouldhavedeemedtooexoticforthegeneralreadership."
ButifVillasenor´sexperienceisanyindication,someeditorsarestillwary.In1989,Putnam
gaveVillasenora$75,000advanceforthehardcoverrightsto"RainofGold,"thecompellingsaga
ofhisfamily´smigrationfromMexicotoCalifornia.Buttheeditors,saysVillasenor,wantedmajor
changes:"Theyweregoingtodestroythebook.It´snonfiction;theywantedtopublishitasanovel.
Andtheywantedtochangethetitleto´RioGrande,´whichsoundedlikesomeoldJohnWayne
movie."Afterayearofstrainedrelations,hemortgagedhishouse,borrowedhismother´slife
savingsandboughtbacktherightstothebookthathadtaken10yearstowrite.
Infrustration,VillasenorturnedtoArtePublico.Intheeightmonthssinceitsrelease,"Rainof
Gold"hasdoneextremelywell,consideringitslimiteddistribution;20,000copieshavebeensold.
"Ifwewereamainstreampublisher,thisbookwouldhavebeenonTheNewYorkTimesbest-seller
listforweeks,"saysArtePulico´sNicolasKanelos.Theauthormaystillhaveashot:hehassoldthe
paperbackrightstoDell.Andhewasjustnamedakeynotespeaker(withMollyIvinsandNorman
Schwarzkop0fortheAmericanBooksellersAssociationconventioninMay.Longbeforethey
gainedthissortofattention,however,Villasenor,CisnerosandotherLatinowriterswerequietly
buildingdevotedfollowings.Crossingthecountry,theyreadinlocalbookstores,librariesand
schools.Theirstories,theyfound,appealnotonlytoLatinos--whoidentifywiththem,buttoa
surprisingnumberofAnglos,whofindinthemarefreshinglydifferentperspectiveonAmericanlife.
Still,thereareunusualpressuresonthesewriters.Cisnerosvividlyrecallstheangstshewentthrough
inwritingthefinalshortstoriesfor"WomanHollering":"Iwastraumatizedthatitwasgoingtobe
oneofthefirstChicanobooks
´outthere.´IfeltIhadthisresponsibilitytomycommunityto
representusinallourdiversity."
{TS}WhichofthefollowingistrueofGarciaasaLatinowriteraccordingtothepassage?A、Sheofferedinsightintotheconfrontationsbetweentwocultures.B、SheemigratedfromSantoDomingowhenshewas10yearsold.C、ShebecamepopularforhertranslatedworksinAmericainthe1970s.D、ShedescribedhertransitionfromwealthyDominicanstoragtagimmigrants.22WhatadvantagedothenewgenerationLatinowritershaveoverLatinAmericanwriters
accordingtothepassage?A、Theformerareabletowriteintwodifferentlanguages.B、Theformercantranslatetheirworksintodifferentlanguages.C、Theformerareabletoexpressideasfromabi-culturalperspective.D、Theformercantravelfreelyacrosstheborderbetweentwocountries.23
WhichofthefollowingistrueoftheLatinowritersaccordingtoParagraph2?A、Theirworksarefullofobscurities.B、Noneoftheirworkswonanovernightsuccess.C、Mostofthemremainedunknowntothepublicforyears.D、Theyhavegreatdifficultygettingtheirworkspublished.24WhatcanbedrawnfromVillasenor´sexperience?A、Someeditorsofmainstreampublishersarecritical.B、ManyLatinowritersweremostlyfavoredbysmallpresses.C、"RainofGold"wasgoingtobeoneofthefirstChicanobooks.D、"RainofGold"wasintendedtobepublishedasanovelbytheauthor.25
WhatdidthenewgenerationLatinowritersdotogettheirworksknowntothepublic?A、Theyavoidedwritingthosetooexoticforreaders.B、Theyrevisedtheirworksasrequiredbypress.C、TheytranslatedtheirworksintoEnglish.D、Theyreadtheirbooksinpublicplaces.26请阅读Passage2,完成第{TSE}小题。
Passage2
Scientistshavebeensurprisedathowdeeplyculture--thelanguagewespeak,thevalueswe
absorb--shapesthebrain,andarerethinkingfindingsderivedfromstudiesofWesterners.Totake
onerecentexample,aregionbehindtheforeheadcalledthemedialprefrontalcortexsupposedly
representstheself:itisactivewhenwe("we"beingtheAmericansinthestudy)thinkofourown
identityandtraits.ButwithChinesevolunteers,theresultswerestrikinglydifferent.The"me"circuithummednotonlywhentheythoughtwhetheraparticularadjectivedescribedthemselves,but
alsowhentheyconsideredwhetheritdescribedtheirmother.TheWesternersshowednosuch
overlapbetweenselfandmom.Dependingwhetheronelivesinaculturethatviewstheselfas
autonomousanduniqueorasconnectedtoandpartofalargerwhole,thisneuralcircuittakeson
quitedifferentfunctions.
"Culturalneuroscience,"asthisnewfieldiscalled,isaboutdiscoveringsuchdifferences.Some
ofthefindings,aswiththe"me/mom"circuit,buttresslongstandingnotionsofculturaldifferences.
Forinstance,itisaculturalclichethatWesternersfocusonindividualobjectswhileEastAsianspay
attentiontocontextandbackground(anothermanifestationoftheindividualism-collectivismsplit).
Sureenough,whenshowncomplex,busyscenes,Asian-Americansandnon-Asian-Americans
recruiteddifferentbrainregions.TheAsiansshowedmoreactivityinareasthatprocess
figure-groundrelations--holisticcontext--whiletheAmericansshowedmoreactivityinregionsthat
recognizeobjects.
PsychologistNaliniAmbadyofTuftsfoundsomethingsimilarwhensheandcolleaguesshowed
drawingsofpeopleinasubmissivepose(headdown,shouldershunched)oradominantone(arms
crossed,faceforward)toJapaneseandAmericans.Thebrain´sdopamine-fueledrewardcircuit
becamemostactiveatthesightofthestance--dominantforAmericans,submissiveforJapanese--thateachvolunteer´sculturemostvalues,theyreportedin2009.Thisraisesanobvious
chicken-and-eggquestion,butthesmartmoneyisoncultureshapingthebrain,notviceversa.
Culturalneurosciencewouldn´tbemakingwavesifitfoundneurobiologicalbasesonlyfor
well-knownculturaldifferences.Itisalsouncoveringtheunexpected.Forinstance,a2006study
foundthatnativeChinesespeakersuseadifferentregionofthebraintodosimplearithmetic(3+4)ordecidewhichnumberislargerthannativeEnglishspeakersdo,eventhoughbothuseArabic
numerals.TheChineseusethecircuitsthatprocessvisualandspatialinformationandplan
movements(thelattermayberelatedtotheuseoftheabacus).ButEnglishspeakersuselanguage
circuits.ItisasiftheWestconceivesnumbersasjustwords,buttheEastimbuesthemwith
symbolic,spatialfreight.(InsertclicheaboutAsianmathgeniuses.)"Onewouldthinkthatneural
processesinvolvingbasicmathematicalcomputationsareuniversal,"saysAmbady,butthey"seem
tobeculture-specific."
Nottobetheskunkatthisparty,butIthinkit´simportanttoaskwhetherneurosciencereveals
anythingmorethanwealreadyknowfrom,say,anthropology.Forinstance,it´swellknownthat
EastAsianculturesprizethecollectiveovertheindividual,andthatAmericansdotheopposite.
Doesidentifyingbraincorrelatesofthosevaluesofferanyextrainsight?Afterall,it´snotasif
anyonethoughtthosevaluesaretheresultofsomethingintheliver.
Ambadythinksculturalneuro-sciencedoesadvanceunderstanding.Taketheme/momfinding,which,sheargues,
"atteststothestrengthoftheoverlapbetweenselfandpeopleclosetoyouin
collectivisticculturesandtheseparationinindividualisticcultures.Itisimportanttopushthe
analysistothelevelofthebrain."Especiallywhenitshowshowfundamentalculturaldifferences
are--sofundamental,perhaps,that"universal"notionssuchashumanrights,democracy,andthe
likemaybenosuchthing.
{TS}Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedphrase"makingwaves"in
Paragraph3?A、Drawingcriticism.B、Receivingsuspicion.C、Attractingattention.D、Causingdisagreement.27
WhydoestheauthorcitethefindingsofpreviousstudiesinParagraph3?A、Tointroduceanewtopic.B、Toplaceatopicinalargercontext.C、Todiscussasolutiontoacertainproblem.D、Toprovideempiricaldatatoconfirmapriorbelief.28Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A、Neuralprocessesarelikelytobeculturallyneutral.B、Thebrainisbelievedtobeinfluencedbydifferentcultures.C、WesternersfocusonindividualismwhileEastAsiansoncollectivism.D、Neurosciencerevealsnothingmorethanweknowfromanthropology.29whichofthefollowingisasignificantbreakthroughachievedbyculturalneuro
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