北美充电标准-North American Charging Standard TS-0023666

2022

NorthAmericanChargingStandard

TS-0023666

2022

Contents

1.

Scope 3

2.

References 3

3.

Definitions 3

4.

FunctionalSpecifications 5

4.1

ComponentandReferenceDescriptions 5

4.2

ChargingProcess:DCCharging 9

4.3

ChargingProcess:ACCharging 10

4.4

SafetySystems 11

4.5

CommunicationbetweentheEVandEVSE 11

4.6

VehicletoX(V2X) 11

5.

GeneralConstruction 12

6.

Ratings 26

6.1

VoltageRating 26

6.2

CurrentRating 26

7.

DegreesofProtection(Informative) 27

7.1

Connector 27

7.2

Inlet 27

7.3

ConnectorandInletSystem 27

8.

TemperatureRise 28

9.

MechanicalRequirements 29

9.1

InsulatedEndCaps(informative) 29

9.2

ImpactTest(informative) 29

10.

RevisionHistory 30

3

1.Scope

ThescopeofthisdocumentcoversimplementationoftheNorthAmericanChargingStandard(NACS),includingElectricVehicle(EV)andElectricVehicleSupplyEquipment(EVSE)systemsforbothACandDCchargingsystems.

Allrequirementsarenormativeunlessotherwiseindicated.Informativereferencesindicatedassuch.

Explanatorynotesaredenotedinsmallsubtext.

2.References

Unlessotherwiseexplicitlystated,implementation&validationoftheNorth

AmericanChargingStandardiscompatiblewithIEC61851-1,IEC61851-23,IEC

62196-1,IEC62196-2,IEC62196-3,andIEC62196-23.Exceptionstothestandardsarenotedbelow.

3.Definitions

EVSE

EV

Connector

ElectricVehicleSupplyEquipment.Alsocalledchargepostorchargingstation.

Electricvehicle

ApparatusattachedtoEVSEcable,whichconnectstoEVtochargeit.Sometimescalledhandle.

Inlet

AreaonEVwhereconnectorispluggedin,tochargeit.AlsocalledChargeportorChargePort.

Socket

Pin

InterfaceContact

Areceptaclestyleelectricalcontact.Matestoapin.

Aplugstyleelectricalcontact.Matestoasocket.

Theelectricalcontactatthepin/socketinterface.

Cable

Aflexibleconductorusedtotransmitcurrentfromasourcetoaload.

3.Definitions,

cont.

BusbarArigidconductorusedtotransmitcurrentfromasourcetoaload.

EVSEEndTheendoftheconnectorassemblywhichconnectstotheEVSE.

DoorThevehicleclosureorcustomerfacingA-classthathidestheinlet

whennotinuse.

BIWBody-in-White,thesheetmetalportionofthevehiclebodythatthe

inletinterfaceswith.

B+/B-TheDCpinsonthecharginginterface.

2022

NorthAmericanChargingStandardTechnicalSpecification

4

5

4.FunctionalSpecifications

Thefollowingisasimplifiedschematicblockdiagramofthesystemwhilecharging.ComponentandreferencedescriptionsaregiveninSection4.1.

4.1Componentand

ReferenceDescriptions

4.1.1ChargingStation

Thechargingstationisanassemblyofcomponentsrequiredforchargingofavehiclebattery.

4.1.2PowerSource

Thepowersourceprovidesregulatedpowertochargethevehiclebattery.ForDCcharging,theDCpowersourceshallbeisolatedfromthegridfromwhichitderivespower.

4.1.3V

CHG

VCHGisthepowersourceoutputbusorvoltage.

4.1.4I

CHG

ICHGisthepowersourceoutputcurrent.Themaximumoutputcurrentshallbelimitedbythepowersourcecapabilitiesandthermallimitsofthesystem.

4.1.5K1andK2

K1andK2arecontactorsorrelaysusedtocontrolthe

connectionofthepowersourcetothevehiclethroughthevehicleconnector.

K1andK2arenotmandatoryandmaybeexcludedincertainsystems.

4.1.6V

FCLINK

VFCLINKisthevoltagebusthatlinksthechargingstationtothevehiclethroughthevehicleconnector.

6

4.1ComponentandReferenceDescriptions,cont.

4.1.7IsolationMonitor

Theisolationmonitormeasurestheisolationtoearthand

vehiclechassisofVCHG,VFCLINK,andVBATdependingonthe

stateofK1,K2,K3andK4.Theisolationmonitormaybe

placedonthevehiclesideofthechargingstationcontactorsK1andK2.IsolationmonitoringisonlyrelevantforDC

charging.

4.1.8ChargingStationController

Thechargingstationcontrollermonitorsandcontrolscriticalsafetysystemsandinteractionswiththevehiclecontrollertocontrolthechargingprocess.

4.1.9Earth

TheearthconnectionisusedasareferencebytheisolationmonitortomeasureisolationtoearthofVCHG,VFCLINK,andVBAT.

4.1.10VehicleConnector

Thevehicleconnectorisanoperatormoveablepartofthechargingsystemwhichprovidesconductiveconnectiontothevehicle.

4.1.11Positive(DC+)/L1

DC+/L1isthepositivesideofVFCLINK.DC+/L1isusedforpowertransferandmaybeimplementedasasingleor

dualconnectionpoint.DC+referstothevoltagewhileDCcharging,whileL1referstothevoltagewhileACcharging.

4.1.12Negative(DC-)/L2

DC-/L2isthenegativesideofVFCLINK.DC-/L2isusedforpowertransferandmaybeimplementedasasingleor

dualconnectionpoint.DC-referstothevoltagewhileDCcharging,whileL2referstothevoltagewhileACcharging.

4.1.13ControlPilot(CP)

CPisusedasadigitalcommunicationpathbetweenthe

chargingsystemandvehicle.Thecontrolpilotusespulse

widthmodulationtocommunicatechargingstateandcurrentinaccordancewithAnnexAofIEC61851-1.PowerLine

CommunicationissuperimposedontothecontrolpilotlinewhileDCcharging.

4.1.14ProximityPilot(PP)

PPisalowvoltagesignalgeneratedbyVPP,R1,R2,R3,R4,andS1(pilotproximitycircuit)andisusedtodeterminethestatusofthevehicleconnector.Thepilotproximitycircuitandvehicleconnectorstatusrelationshiparedescribedinsection4.1.28.

4.1.15Ground

Thegroundconductorprovidesaconnectionbetweenearthandvehiclechassis.

TheconnectionprovidesacommonreferencepointfortheisolationmonitortomeasureisolationofVCHG,VFCLINK,andVBATtoearthandvehiclechassis.

Theconnectionalsoprovidesacommonreferencepointforthechargingstationandvehicledigitalcommunicationandlowvoltagesignals.

7

4.1ComponentandReferenceDescriptions,cont.

4.1.16Lock

Thelockisusedtopreventinsertionorremovalofthevehicleconnectorfromthevehicleasrequired.

4.1.17S1

NormallyclosedswitchusedinconjunctionwithVPP,R1,R2,R3,andR4aspartoftheproximitypilotcircuittodeterminetheconnectionstatusofthevehicleconnector.S1islocatedinthevehicleconnectorandisoperatoraccessible.S1is

openedtoindicatedesiretostopthechargesessionanddisconnectthevehicleconnector.ImplementationofS1isoptional.

4.1.18R1andR2

ResistorsusedinconjunctionwithVPP,R3,R4,andS1aspartoftheproximitypilotcircuittodeterminetheconnection

statusofthevehicleconnector.R1andR2arelocatedinthevehicleconnector.

4.1.19Vehicle

Thevehicleisanassemblyofcomponentscontaininga

vehiclebatterywhichmaybechargedusingthechargingstation.

4.1.20K3andK4

K3andK4arecontactorsusedtocontroltheconnectionofthevehiclebatterytothechargingstation.K3andK4areclosedduringDCchargingandopenduringACcharging.

4.1.21V

BAT

VBATisthevehiclebatteryoutputbusorvoltage.

4.1.22VehicleBattery

Thevehiclebatteryisarechargeableenergystoragedeviceusetoprovidepowertoanelectricvehicledrivetrain.

4.1.23On-BoardCharger

Theon-boardchargerisusedtoconvertACtoDCpowertochargethevehiclebatterywithACchargesystems.Theon-boardchargerisbypassedwhenDCcharging.

4.1.24VehicleController

Thevehiclecontrollermonitorsandcontrolscriticalsafety

systemsandinteractionswiththechargingstationcontrollertocontrolthechargingprocess.

4.1.25V

PP

VoltagesourceusedinconjunctionwithR1,R2,R3,R4andS1aspartoftheproximitypilotcircuittodeterminethe

connectionstatusofvehicleconnector.

4.1.26R3andR4

ResistorsusedinconjunctionwithVPP,R1,R2,andS1aspartoftheproximitypilotcircuittodeterminetheconnection

statusofvehicleconnector.

4.1.27Chassis

ThechassisconnectionisusedasareferencebytheisolationmonitortomeasureisolationtovehiclechassisofVCHG,

VFCLINK,andVBAT.

8

4.1ComponentandReferenceDescriptions,cont.

4.1.28ProximityPilotCircuit

ThepilotproximitycircuitequivalentparametersaregiveninTable1.TheassociatedvehicleconnectorstatusisgiveninTable2.

ProximityPilot

CircuitComponent

EquivalentValue

V

PP

5V±10%

R1

150Ω±10%

R2

330Ω±10%

R3

330Ω±10%

R4

2.7KΩ±10%

Table1:PilotProximityCircuitEquivalentParameters

VehicleCouplerStatus

PPCharging

StationVoltage

(Nominal)

PPVehicle

Voltage

(Nominal)

Disconnected

0V

4.5V

Latched(S1Closed)

1.5V

1.5V

Unlatched(S1Open)

2.8V

2.8V

Table2:PPandVehicleConnectorStatus

9

4.2ChargingProcess:

DCCharging

ThesequencediagramanddescriptionofnormalchargingprocessforDCchargingareshowninthefigurebelowanddescribedin

section4.2.1.

4.2.1SequenceDescription

•t<t0:Theoperatorusesanyprovidedmethodto

indicatethedesiretobeginachargesession.Ifthevehicleispreparedtobeginachargesession,vehicleconnectorinsertionisallowed.

•t0–t1:Thevehicleconnectorisinsertedintothevehicle.Thelockisengagedtopreventvehicleconnector

removalandcontrolpilotcommunicationisusedforinitialparameterexchangeandcompatibilitycheck.Thelockremainsengagedanddigitalcommunicationremainsactivethroughoutthechargesession.

•t1–t2:Anoptionalinternalisolationtestisperformedon

V.

CHG

•t2–t3:K1andK2closeandanisolationtestisperformedonVCHGandVFCLINK.

•t3–t4:VCHGandVFCLINKareadjustedtomatchVBAT.

•t4–t5:K3andK4closeandenergytransferfromtheDCpowersourcetothevehiclebatterytakesplace.

•t5–t6:S1isopenedmomentarilyorforasustained

period,oranotherprovidedmethodisusedtoindicatethechargesessionshouldbestoppedandICHGisturnedoff.

•t6–t7:K1,K2,K3andK4openandVFCLINKisremoved.

•t>t7:Thelockisdisengagedtoallowvehicleconnectorremoval,endingthechargesession.

10

4.3ChargingProcess:

ACCharging

ThesequencediagramanddescriptionofnormalchargingprocessforACchargingareshowninthefigurebelowanddescribedin

section4.3.1.

4.3.1SequenceDescription

•t<t0:Theoperatorusesanyprovidedmethodto

indicatethedesiretobeginachargesession.Ifthevehicleispreparedtobeginachargesession,vehicleconnectorinsertionisallowed.

•t0–t1:Thevehicleconnectorisinsertedintothevehicle.Thelockisengagedtopreventvehicleconnector

removalandcontrolpilotcommunicationisusedfor

initialparameterexchangeandcompatibilitycheck.Thelockremainsengagedthroughoutthechargesession.

•t1–t2:OptionalinternalreadinesstestingisperformedontheEVSE.

•t2–t3:K1andK2closeandtheonboardchargersensesandmatchesthevoltageofVFCLINK.

•t3–t4:TheoutputvoltageoftheonboardchargermatchesthevoltageofVBAT.

•t4–t5:Theonboardchargerbeginsswitchingandenergytransfertothebatterybegins.

•t5–t6:S1isopenedmomentarilyorforasustained

period,oranotherprovidedmethodisusedtoindicatethechargesessionshouldbestoppedandICHGisturnedoff.

•t6–t7:K1andK2openandVFCLINKisremoved.

•t>t7:Thelockisdisengagedtoallowvehicleconnectorremoval,endingthechargesession.

11

4.4SafetySystemsThefollowingsafetysystemsprotectoperatorsfromhazards.

4.4.1PPMonitor

UpondetectionofanyPPstateotherthanlatchedor

unlatchedthepowersourceshallbedisabledandK1,K2,K3andK4shallbeopenedtoremoveVFCLINKvoltage.VFCLINKshallbe<60Vwithin1sofdetection.

4.4.2CPMonitor

UpondetectionoflossofdigitalcommunicationthepowersourceshallbedisabledandK1,K2,K3andK4shallbe

openedtoremoveVFCLINKvoltage.VFCLINKshallbe<60Vwithin1sofdetection.

4.4.3IsolationMonitor

WhileDCcharging,upondetectionofVCHG,VFCLINK,orVBAT

isolationtoearthorvehiclechassis<100Ω/VtheDCpowersourceshallbedisabledandK1,K2,K3andK4shallbe

openedtoremoveVFCLINKvoltage.VFCLINKshallbe<60Vwithin1sofdetection.

4.4.4VoltageandCurrentMonitor

UpondetectionofVCHG,VFCLINK,orVBATover-voltageorICHGover-currentthepowersourceshallbedisabledandK1,K2,K3andK4shallbeopenedtoremoveVFCLINKvoltage.VFCLINKshallbe<60Vwithin1sofdetection.

4.4.5VFCLINKMonitor

UpondetectionofVFCLINK>60Vtheinletlockshallremainengagedtopreventremovalofthevehicleconnector.

Thesesafetysystemsarenotcomprehensive,nordotheyfullyguaranteesafety.Additionalsafetysystems(e.g.temperaturemonitoring)mayberequiredforsafeoperation.

4.5CommunicationbetweentheEVandEVSE

4.5.1ForDCcharging,communicationbetweentheEVandEVSE

shallbepowerlinecommunicationoverthecontrolpilotlineasdepictedinDIN70121.

4.5.2TheNorthAmericanChargingStandardiscompatiblewith

“plugandcharge”asdefinedinISO-15118.

4.6VehicletoX(V2X)

4.6.1

TheNorthAmericanChargingStandardiscompatiblewith

VehicletoX(i.e.Vehicletoload,Vehicletohome,vehicle

togrid)powertransfer.Futureversionsofthistechnical

specificationwillspecifythefunctionalrequirementsand

specificationsrequiredtoachievevehicletoXpowertransfer.

12

5.GeneralConstruction

MechanicaldetailsoftheNorthAmericanChargingStandardaredetailedbelow.Foralldimensionsnotexplicitlyspecified,referto3Dmodel.

Twointerfacesareshownbelow,a500Vconfigurationand1,000Vconfiguration.Thetwointerfacesare

mechanicallyinteroperable(i.e.the1,000Vinletcanmechanicallyreceivethe500Vconnectorandthe500Vinletcanreceivethe1,000Vconnector).

5.1.1Interface

5.1.1.1

Connector

5.1.1.2

Inlet

Connector-1,000Vand500VConfiguration

Inlet-1,000Vand500VConfiguration

13

5.1.2ConnectorDimensions

500VConfiguration

1,000VConfiguration

14

5.1.2ConnectorDimensions,cont.

500VConfiguration

1,000VConfiguration

15

5.1.2ConnectorDimensions,cont.

500VConfiguration

1,000VConfiguration

16

5.1.2ConnectorDimensions,cont.

500VConfiguration

1,000VConfiguration

17

5.1.2ConnectorDimensions,cont.

500Vand1,000VConfiguration

18

5.1.3Inlet

500VConfiguration

1,000VConfiguration

19

5.1.3Inlet,cont.

500VConfiguration

1,000VConfiguration

20

5.1.3Inlet,cont.

500VConfiguration

1,000VConfiguration

21

5.1.3Inlet,cont.

500VConfiguration

1,000VConfiguration

22

5.1.3Inlet,cont.

500VConfiguration

1,000VConfiguration

23

5.1.4KeepOutZone

Thedesignoftheconnectormustremainwithinthe

keepoutzonedimensionedbelowinordertoprevent

clashesorcontactwiththevehiclebody.KeepOut

Zonegeometryisidenticalbetweenthe500Vand

1,000Vconfigurations.

24

5.1.5Latching

Latchinggeometryisidentical

betweenthe500Vand1,000V

configurations.

25

5.1.5Latching,cont.

26

6.Ratings

6.1VoltageRating

TheNorthAmericanChargingStandardexistsinbotha500Vratedconfigurationanda1,000Vratedconfiguration.The1,000Vversionismechanicallybackwardscompatible(i.e.500Vinletscanmate

with1,000Vconnectorsand500Vconnectorscanmatewith1,000Vinlets).

6.2CurrentRating

TheNorthAmericanChargingStandardshallspecifynomaximum

currentrating.Themaximumcurrentratingoftheinletorconnector

shallbedeterminedbythemanufacturer,providedthatthetemperaturelimitsdefinedinsection8aremaintained.

TeslahassuccessfullyoperatedtheNorthAmericanChargingStandardabove900Acontinuouslywithanon-liquidcooledvehicleinlet.

27

7.DegreesofProtection(Informative)

InadditiontotheconnectorandinletingressprotectionrequirementsoutlinedIEC61851-1,thefollowingadditionalvalidationisrecommendedtomaximizeproductreliability.

7.1Connector

7.1.1Whenunmatedtotheinlet,theconnectorshallwithstandanIP67wateranddusttestasdescribedinIEC60529.

7.1.2Uponcompletionofthetest,nowaterordebrisshall

bepresentonlivepartsinsidetheconnectorenclosure.

ComplianceischeckedviaahighpotentialtestbetweenHV+andHV-,andHVandground/lowvoltageattheratedtest

voltage.

7.2Inlet

7.2.1Whenmountedtoarepresentativevehiclebodypaneland

unmatedtotheconnector,theinletshallwithstandanIP67wateranddusttestasdescribedinIEC60529.

7.2.2Uponcompletionofthetest,nowaterordebrisshallbe

presentonhazardouslivepartsoftheinlet,excluding

theexteriorfacingpins.Complianceischeckedviaahigh

potentialtestbetweenHV+andHV-,andHVandground/lowvoltageattheratedtestvoltage.

7.2.3Whenmountedtoarepresentativevehiclebodypanel

andunmatedtotheconnector,theinletshallwithstandanIP6K9KwatertestasdescribedinIEC60529.

7.2.4Uponcompletionofthetest,nowaterordebrisshallbe

presentonhazardouslivepartsoftheinlet,excluding

theexteriorfacingpins.Complianceischeckedviaahigh

potentialtestbetweenHV+andHV-,andHVandground/lowvoltageattheratedtestvoltage.

7.3ConnectorandInlet

System

7.3.1Withtheinletmountedtoarepresentativebodypaneland

theconnectormatedtotheinlet,thesystemshallwithstandanIP44testasdescribedinIEC60529.

7.3.2Uponcompletionofthetest,thesystemisolationshallbe

maintained.ComplianceischeckedviaahighpotentialtestbetweenHV+andHV-,andHVandground/lowvoltageattheratedtestvoltage.

InformativeRequirementstronglyrecommendedbasedonfieldexperience.

28

8.TemperatureRise

8.1.1WhensubjecttothetemperaturerisetestofIEC62196-1

section24,themaximuminterfacecontacttemperatureshallbe105⁰C.

Modernthermoplasticsarecommonlyratedto120°Candhigher.TheIEC62196limitof90°Cartificiallylimitsperformancecap