2022年全国医学博士英语统一考试试题3

2022年全国医学博士英语统一考试试题

试卷一(PaperOne)

PartIListeningComprehension(30%)

SectionA

Directions:Inthissectionyouwillhearfifteenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.At

theendofeachconversation,youwillhearauestionaboutwhatissaid.Theuestionwillberead

onlyonce,afteryouheartheuestion,readthefourpossibleanswersmarkedA,B,CandD.Choose

thebestanswersandmarktheletterofyourchoiceontheANSWERSHEET.

Listentothefollowingexample.

Youwillhear:

Woman:Ifellfaint.

Man:NowonderYouhaven*thadabiteallday.

uestion:What'sthematterwiththewoman

Youwillread:

A.SheissickB.Sheisbittenbyanant..

C.Sheishungiy.D.Shespilledherpaint.

HereCistherightanswer.

SampleAnswer

ABeD

Nowlet'sbeginwithuestionNumber1.

1.A.She'slookingforagift.B.Sheneedsanewpulse.

C.She'sgoingtogiveabirthdaypartyD.Shewantstogoshoppingwithhermom.

2.A.Shehearsnoisesinherearsdayandnight.

B.Shehasbeenoverworkingforalongtime.

C.Herrightear,hurtinanaccident,istroublingher.

D.Herearringsaregivinghertroubledayandnight.

3.A.He'llgotoseeMr.Whiteat10:30tomorrow.

B.He'dliketomakeanearlierappointment.

C.He'dliketocanceltheappointment.

D.He'dliketoseeanotherdentist.

4.A.8:00.B.8:15.C.8:40.D.8:45.

5.A.Inahotel.B.Atafastfoodbar.

C.Inthesupermarket.D.Inthedepartmentstore.

6.A.Toresignrightaway.

B.Toworkonemoredayaschairman.

C.Tothinktwicebeforehemakethedecision.

D.Toreceivefurthertraininguponhisresignation.

官方网站：

7.A.Shedidn'tdoanythinginparticular.B.ShesentawoundedpersontotheER.

C.ShehadtoworkintheER.D.Shewentskiing.

8.A.Acustomsofficer.B.Theman'smother.

C.Aschoolheadmaster.D.Animmigrationofficer.

9.A.Itfeelsasiftheroomisgoingaround.B.Itfeelslikeakindofunsteadiness.

C.Itfeelsasifsheisfallingdown.D.Itfeelsasifsheisgoingaround.

10.A.Johnhashiddensomethinginthetree.B.Johnhimselfshouldbeblamed.

C.Johnhasadogthatbarksalot.D.Johnisunlucky.

11.A.Thechemistryhomeworkisdifficult.B.Thechemistryhomeworkisfun.

C.Themathhomeworkisdifficult.D.Themathhomeworkisfun.

12.A.Hisbackache.B.Hisbrokenleg.

C.Hisskinproblem.D.Hiseyecondition.

13.A.Whoopingcough,smallpoxandmeasles.

B.Whoopingcough,chickenpoxandmeasles.

C.Whoopingcough,smallpoxandGermanmeasles.

D.Whoopingcough,chickenpoxandGermanmeasles.

14.A.Saturdaymorning.B.Saturdaynight.

C.Saturdayafternoon.D.Nextweekend.

15.A.He'slosthisnotebook.B.Hishandwritingismessy.

C.He'llmissclasslatterthisweekD.Hecannotmakeitforhisappointment.

SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearoneconversationandtwopassages,aftereachof

which,youwillhearfiveuestions.Aftereachuestion,readthefourpossibleanswersmarkedA,B,C

andD.ChoosethebestanswerandmarktheletterofyourchoiceontheANSWERSHEET.

Dialogue

16.A.Heishavingaphysicalcheckup.

B.Hehasjustundergoneanoperation.

C.Hehasjustrecoveredfromanillness.

D.Hewillbedischargedfromthehospitalthisafternoon.

17.A.Hegotaninfectioninthelungs.B.Hehadhisgallbladderinflamed

C.Hewassufferingfrominfluenza.D.Hehaddevelopedabigkidneytone.

18.A.Abitbetter.B.Terriblyawful.

C.Couldn'tbebetter.D.Okay,butabitweak

19.A.Tobeconfinedtoawheelchair.B.Tostayindoorsforacompleterecovery.

C.Tostayinbedanddrinkalotofwater.D.Tomoveaboutlandenjoythesunshine.

20.A.From4p.mto6p.m.B.From5p.m.to7p.m.

C.From6p.mto8p.m.D.From7p.mto9p.m.

PassageOne

C.Thelinkbetweenweightlossandphysicalexercise.

D.Thelinkbetweenweightgainandphysicalexercise.

22.A.Morethan68000.B.Morethan60800.

C.Morethan60080.D.Morethan60008.

23.A.Seven-hoursleepersgainedmoreweightovertimethanfive-hourones.

B.Five-hoursleepersgainedmoreweightovertimethanseven-hourones.

C.Short-sleeperswere15%morelikelytobecomeobese.

D.Short-sleepersconsumedfewercaloriesthanlongsleepers.

24.A.Overeatingamongthesleep-deprived.

B.Littleexerciseamongthesleep-deprived.

C.Lowermetabolicrateresultingfromlesssleep.

D.Highermetabolicrateresultingfromlesssleep.

25.A.Exerciseeveryday.B.Takedietpills.

C.Goonadiet.D.Sleepmore.

PassageTwo

26.A.Sheistoohardonme.

B.Sheaskstoomanyuestions.

C.Sheisalwaysconsiderateofmyfeelings.

D.Sheisthemeanestmotherintheneighborhood.

27.A.Auniversityinstructor.B.Ateachingassistant.

C.APh.D.student.D.Apsychiatrist

28.A.Theyusuallysayno.B.Theyusuallysayyes.

C.Theyusuallywaitandsee.D.Theyusuallyrefusetosayanything.

29.A.Theyareoverconfident.B.Theirbrainsgrowtoofast

C.TheyarepsychologicallydependentD.Theirbrainsarestillimmatureinsomeareas.

30.A.Beeasyonyourteen.B.Trytobemeantoyourteen.

C.Saynotoyourteenwhennecessary.D.Don'tcareaboutyourteen'sfeelings.

PartIIVocabulary(10%)

SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,allthesentencesareincomplete.FourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,

CandDaregivenbeneatheachofthem.Youaretochoosethewordorphrasethatbestcompletes

thesentence,thenmarkyouranswerontheANSWERSHEET.

31.Anumberofblackyouthshavecomplainedofbeingbythepolice.

A.harassedB.distractedC.sentencedD.released

32.Herapidlybecamewithhisownpowerintheteam.

A.irrigatedB.irradiatedC.inoculatedD.intoxicated

A.suspendB.superveneC.superviseD.suspect

35.Apatientwhoisdyingofincurablecancerofthethroatisinterriblepain,whichcannolonger

besatisfactorily.

A.alleviatedB.abolishedC.demolishedD.diminished

36.Thetelevisionstationissupportedbyfromfoundationsandothersources.

A.donationsB.pensionsC.advertisementsD.accounts

37.Morelegislationisneededtoprotectthepropertyrightsofthepatent.

A.integrativeB.intellectualC.intelligentD.intelligible

38.Officialsaresupposedtothemselvestothewelfareandheathofthegeneralpublic.

A.adaptB.confineCmitD.assess

39.Youshouldstopyourconditionanddosomethingaboutit.

A.drawingonB.touchingonC.leaningonD.dwellingon

40.Theauthorofthebookhasshownhisremarkablykeenintohumannature.

A.perspectiveB.dimensionC.insightD.reflection

SectionB

Directions:Eachofthefollowingsentenceshasawordorphraseunderlined.Therearefour

wordsorphrasesbeneatheachsentence.Choosethewordorphrasewhichcanbestkeepthe

meaningoftheoriginalsentenceifitissubstitutedfortheunderlinedpart.Markyouransweronthe

ANSWERSHEET.

41.Thechemicalwasfoundtobedetrimentaltohumanhealth.

A.toxicB.immuneC.sensitiveD.allergic

42.Itwillbeadevastatingblowforthepatient,ifthecliniccloses.

A.permanentB.desperateC.destructiveD.sudden

43.Hekepttellingusabouthisoperation,inthemostgraphicdetail.

A.verifiableB.explicitC.preciseD.ambiguous

44.Thedifficultcasetestedtheingenuityofeventhemostskilfulphysician

A.credibilityBmitmentC.honestyD.talent

45.Heleftimmediatelyonthepretextthathehadtocatchatrain.

A.claimB.clueC.excuseD.talent

46.Thenursewasfilledwithremorseofnotbelievingher.

A.anguishB.regretC.apologyD.grief

47.Thedoctortriedtofindatactfulwayotellingherthetruth.

A.delicateBmunicativeC.skillfulD.considerate

48.Whetherapersonlikesaroutineofficejobornotdependslargelyontemperament.

A.dispositionB.ualificationC.temptationD.endorsement

A.cautiousB.motionlessC.calmD.alert

PartHICloze(10%)

Directions:Inthissectionthereisapassagewithtennumberedblanks.Foreachbank,hereare

fourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandDontherightside.Choosethebestanswerandmarktheletterof

yourchoiceontheANSWERSHEET.

Expertssayabout1%ofyoungwomenintheUnitedStatesarealmoststarvingthemselves

today.Theyaresufferingfromasicknesscalledanorexia.

Theseyoungwomenhaveanabnormalfearofgettingfat.They51starvethemselvessothey

weighat15%lessthantheirnormalweight.

TheNationalInstituteofMentalHealthsaysone52tencasesofanorexialeadstoserious

medicalproblems.Thesepatientscandiefromheartfailureorthediseasecanleadyoungwomento

53themselves.Forexample,formergymnastChristyHenrichdiedatage22.Sheweighedonly61

pounds.

Apersonwithanorexiafirstdevelopsjointandmuscleproblems.Thereisalackofironinthe

blood.54thesicknessprogresses,ayoungwoman'sbreathing,heartbeat,andbloodpressurerates

slowdown.Theimportantsubstancecalciumis55fromthebones,somethingcausingbonesto

break.Sometimesthebraingetssmaller,causingchangesin56apersonthinksandacts.Scientists

saymanypatientshavefurthermentalandemotionalproblems.Theyhave57opinionsabout

themselves.Theyfeelhelpless.Theirattemptstobecomeextremelythinmay58effortstotake

controloftheirlives.Theymaybecomedependentonillegaldrugs.Somepeoplealsofeeltheneed

tocontinuallyrepeata(n)_59.Forexample,theymayrepeatedlywashtheirhandsalthoughtheir

handsareclean.

Anorexiaisaseriouseating60.Ifitisnottreatedontime,itcanbefatal.

51.A.specificallyB.purposelyC.particularlyD.passionately

52.A.fromB.ofC.atD.in

53.A.killB.starveC.abuseD.worsen

54.A.WhenB.WhileC.AsD.Since

55.A.lostB.derivedC.generatedD.synthesized

56.A.whatB.whyC.howD.which

57.A.goodB.highC.lowerD.poor

58.A.representB.makeC.presentD.exert

59.A.medicationB.illusionC.motionD.action

60.A.habitB.behaviorC.disorderD.pattern

PartIVReadingComprehension(30%)

Directions:Inthisparttherearesixpassages,eachofwhichisfollowedbyfiveuestions.For

eachuestiontherearefourpossibleanswersmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosethebestanswerand

marktheletterofyourchoiceontheANSWERSHEET.

PassageOne

Childrenshouldavoidusingmobilephonesforallbutessentialcallsbecauseofpossiblehealth

effectsonyoungbrains.Thisisoneoftheexpectedconclusionsofanofficialgovernmentreportto

bepublishedthisweek.Thereportisexpectedtocallforthemobilephoneindustrytorefrainfrom

promotingphoneusebychildren,andtostartlabelingphoneswithdataontheamountofradiation

theyemit.

TheIndependentExpertGrouponMobilePhones,chairedbyformergovernmentchief

scientistWilliamStewart,hasspenteightmonthsreviewingexistingscientificevidenceonall

aspectsofthehealtheffectsofusingmobilephones.Itsreportisbelievedtoconcludethatbecause

wedon*tfullyunderstandthenonthermaleffectsofradiationonhumantissue,thegovernment

shouldadoptaprecautionaryapproach,particularlyinrelationtochildren

Thereiscurrentlynoevidencethatmobilephonesharmusersorpeoplelivingneartransmitter

masts.Butsomestudiesshowthatcell-phonesoperatingatradiationlevelswithincurrentsafety

limitsdohavesomesortofbiologicaleffectonthebrain

JohnTattersall,aresearcheronthehealtheffectsofradiationattheDefenseEvaluationand

ResearchAgency'ssiteatPortonDown,agreesthatitmightbewisetolimitphoneusebychildren.

"Ifyouhaveadevelopingnervoussystem,it'sknowntobemoresusceptibletoenvironmental

insults,"hesays,"soifphonesdidprovetobehazardous-whichtheyhaven*tyet-itwouldbe

sensible//

In1998,Tattersallshowedthatradiationlevelssimilartothoseemittedbymobilephonescould

altersignalsfrombraincellsinslicesofratbrain,nwhatwe'vefoundisaneffect.butwedon'tknow

ififshazardous,"hesays.

AlanPreeceoftheUniversityofBristol,whofoundlastyearthatmicrowavesincreasereaction

timesintestsubjects,agreedthatchildren'sexposurewouldbegreater."Therersalotlesstissuein

theway,andtheskillisthinner,sochildren'sheadsareconsiderablycloser/'hesays.

StewardsreportislikelytorecommendthatthecurrentBritishsafetystandardsonenergy

emissionsfromcell-phonesshouldbecuttothelevelrecommendedbytheInternational

CommissiononNon-IonizingRadiationProtection,whichisone-fifthofthecurrentBritishlimit.

"Theextrasafetyfactoroffiveissomewhatarbitrary,"saysMichaelClarkoftheNational

RadiologicalProtectionBoard."Butweacceptthatit'sdifficultfortheUKtohavedifferent

standardsfromaninternationalbody/1

61.Justbecauseithasnotbeenconfirmedyetwhethermobilephoneemissionscanharmhuman

tissue,accordingtothegovernmentreport,doesnotmeanthat_.

A.thegovernmentshouldprohibitchildrenfromusingcell-phones

B.weshouldputdownthephoneforthesakeofsafety

C.theindustrycanhavearighttopromotephoneuse

D.childrenaresafeusingcell-phones

62.Tattersallarguesthatitiswisetorefrainmobilephoneusebychildrenintermsof.

A.theirneuraldevelopmentB.theirill-designedcell-phones

C.thefreuencyoftheirirrationaluseD.theirignoranceofitspossiblehealtheffects

63.Ontheissueinuestion,Preece

A.doesnotagreewithTattersallB.triestoremovetheobstaclesintheway

C.asksforfurtherinvestigationD.wouldstandbyStewart

64.WhatisworrisomeatpresentisthattheUK.

A.isgoingtoturndeafearstothevoiceofStewart'splan

B.findsitdifficulttocutthecurrentsafetystandardsonphoneuse

C.maintainsdifferentstandardsonsafetylimitfromtheinternationalones

D.doesnotevenimposesafetylimitonthemobilephones'energyemissions

65.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebestcandidateforthetitleofthepassage

A.BrainWaveB.ForAdultsOnly

C.CatchThemYoungD.TheAnswerintheAir

PassageTwo

Advancesincosmeticdentistryandplasticsurgeryhavemadeitpossibletocorrectfacialbirth

defects,repairdamagedteethandtissue,andpreventorgreatlydelaytheonsetoftoothdecayand

gumdisease.Asaresult,morepeoplesmilemoreoftenandmoreopenlytodaythaneverinthepast,

andwecanexpectmoresmilesinthefuture.

Evidenceofthesmile'sascentmaybeseeninfamouspaintingsinmuseumsandgalleries

throughouttheworld.Thevastmajorityofprosperousbigwigs（要人）,voluptuousnudes,or

middle-classfamilymembersinformalportraitsanddomesticscenesappeartohavetheirmouths

firmlyclosed.Soldiersinbattle,childrenatplay,beggars,oldpeople,andespeciallyvillainsmay

havetheirmouthsopen;buttheirsmilesareseldomattractive,andmoreoftensuggeststrainor

violencethanjoy.

Smilesconveyawiderangeofmeaningsindifferenterasandcultures,saysarthistorianAngus

Trumble,currentlycurator（馆长）ofYaleUniversity'sCenterforBritishArt,inhisbookABrief

historyoftheSmilepare,forinstance,thevaryingimpressionsmadebytheshydimples（酒窝）

ofLeonardo'sMonaLisa;therosy-cheeked,mustachioedLaughingCavalierofFransHals;andthe

“Smileyface"logoperfected（thoughnotinvented）in1963byAmericangraphicartistHarvey

R.Bali.

Insomenon-Westerncultures,Trumblenotes,evenawarm,opensmiledoesnonecessarily

indicatepleasureoragreement.Itcansimplybeapolitemasktocoveremotionsconsideredtoo

rudeorshockingtobeopenlydisplayed.

Subtledifferencesinmusclemovementcanconveyenormousdifferencesinemotion,fromthe

tranuilityofbronzeBuddhas,totheeroticblissofcouplesentwinedinstoneonHindutemples,to

thefiercesmirk（假笑）ofaguardiandemonattheentrancetoaChinesetomb.

TrumbleexpectstheimpactofWesternmedicineandmassmediatofurtherincreasethe

pressureonpeopletogrinbroadlyandlaughopenlyinpublic."Faintsmilesareincreasingly

thoughtofinscientificandpsychologicalcirclesassomethingthatfallsshortofthetruesmile,"and

thereforesuggestinsincerityorlackofenthusiasm,hesays.

Withtattooing,bodypiercing,andpermanentcosmeticsalreadywellestablishedasfashion

trends,onecanimaginetomorrow'sbeautyshopsaddingplasticsurgeonsanddentiststotheirstaffs.

Thesecomer-storecosmeticianswouldofferstylemakeoverstoreshapeourlips,teeth,andjawlines

tomimicthesignaturesmileofone'sfavoritecelebrity.

Whatcanyousaytothatexcept"Haveaniceday”

66.Haditnotbeenforcosmeticadvances,asinferredfromthepassage,.

A.peoplewouldnothavebeenashappyastheyaretoday

B.therateoffacialbirthdefectwouldnothavedeclined

C.therewouldnothavebeenmanymoreopensmiles

D.wewouldnothaveseensmilingfacesinpublic

67.Accordingtothepassage,itseemsthatwhetherthereisasmileornotintheportraitsor

picturesisdecidedby.

A.one*sinternalsenseoftheexternalworldB.one'sidentityorsocialposition

C.one'stimesofexistenceD.Alloftheabove

68.Trumble'sstudyonsmilesshowsthat.

A.anopensmilecanserveasacover-up

B.thefamousportraitsradiatevaryingsmiles

C.eventhehumanmusclescanarousevaryingemotions

D.smilescanrepresentmisinterpretationsofdifferenterasandcultures

69.WhatTrumbleexpectstoseeis____.

A.theincreasingtendencyofbroadgrinsandopensmilesinpublic

B.furtherimpactofWesternmedicineuponnon-Westerncultures

C.awiderrangeofmeaningstobeconveyedbysmiles

D.moreofsincerityandenthusiasminpublic

70.Attheendofthepassage,theauthorimplicates.

A.afortunetocomewithcosmeticadvancesB.anidenticalsmileforeverybody

C.futurechangesinlifestyleD.thefutureofsmiles

PassageThree

AdolfHitlersurvivedanassassinationattemptin1944withthelampofpenicillinmadebythe

Allies,amicrobiologistintheUKclaims.IftheNazileaderhaddiedfrombacterialinfectionofhis

manywounds,theSecondWorldWarmighthavebeenoverayearearlier,savingmillionsoflives,

saysMiltonWainwrightoftheUniversityofSheffield,anotedhistorianofmicrobiology.

InapapertobepublishedsooninPerspectivesinBiologyandMedicine,Wainwrightreveals

9-y

first-handevidencethatHitlerwastreatedwithpenicillinbyhispersonaldoctor,TheoMorrell,

followinganassassinationattemptinwhichabombinasuitcaseexplodednexttoHitler*sdesk.

Hitlerwasbadlyhurt,fleeingthescenewithhishairandtrousersonfire,abadlybleedingarmand

countlesswoodensplinterwoundsfromtheoaktablethatprobablysavedhislife.

WainwrightfoundconfirmationthatMorrellgaveHitlerantibioticsasaprecautioninarecent

translationofMorrell'sowndiary.1'Ihappenedtobereadingitforinterestwhenthewordpenicillin

jumpedoutatme/'hesays.HethensatabouttryingtoestablishwhereMorrellmighthavegotthe

drug.

Atthetime,penicillinwasavailableonlytotheAllies.GermanandCzechoslovakianteams

hadtriedwithoutmuchsuccesstomakeit,Wainwrightsays,butthesmalluantitiesthatwere

availablewereweakandimpure."Ifsgenerallyacceptedthatitwasnogood,"SaysWainwright.

HereasonsthatMorrellwouldonlyhaveriskedgivingHitlerpenicillintopreventinfectionsif

hewereconfidentthattheantibioticwouldcure,notkilltheGermanpremier."Myresearchshows

thatMorrell,inaverydodgy（危险的）positionasHitler'sdoctor,wouldonlyhaveusedpure

stuff.nAndtheonlyreliablepenicillinwasthatmadebytheAllies.SowheredidMorrellgetit

WainwrightsinvestigationsrevealedthatAlliedairmencarriedpenicillin,sotheGermansmay

haveconfiscatedsomefromprisonersofwar.Theothermorelikelysourceisfromneutralcountries

suchSpain,whichreceivedpenicillinfromAlliedcountriesfarhumanitarianpurposes,perhapsfor

treatingsickchildren.

"IhaveprooftheAlliesweresendingittothesecountries,"saysWainwright.'l'msayingthis

wouldhavegotthroughindiplomaticbags,reachingHitler'sdoctorandthehigherechelons（阶层）

oftheNaziparty.Sothiswasalmostcertainlypure,Alliedpenicillin?

"WecanneverbecertainitsavedHitler'slife,"saysWainwright.Buthenotesthatoneof

Hitler'shenchmen（死XX）,ReinhardHeydrich,diedfrombloodpoisoningaftersurviving

acar-bombassassinationattempt."Hairfromhisseatwentintohiswoundsandgavehim

septicemia,"saysWainwright.MorrellmayhavebeenanxioustoensurethatHitleravoidedthe

samefate.

71.AccordingtoWainwright,AdolfHitler.

A.mighthaveusedbiologicalweaponsinthewar

B.couldnothavecommittedsuicideasconfirmed

C.couldhavediedofbacterialinfection

D.mighthavesurvivedabacterialplague

72.Followinghisassassinationin1944,AdolfHitler.

A.begantoexerciseprecautionsagainsthispersonalattacks

B.wasanxioustohavepenicillindevelopedinhiscountry

C.receivedaninjectionofpenicillinforbloodpoisoning

D.wassuspectedofbeinglikelytogetinfected

73.AsWainwrightreasons,Hitler'spersonaldoctor.

A.cannothavedaredtoprescribeGerman-madepenicillintohim

D.musthavetriedtoproducepenicillin

74.Wainwrightimplies由altheThirdReich.

A.metthefateofcollapseasexpected

B.butcheredmillionsoflivesontheearth

C.wasseverelystruckbybacterialplagues

D.didhavechannelstoobtainpurepenicillin

75.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage

A.HowHitlerManagetoSurviveAssassinationAttempts

B.MorrellLoyaltoHisGermanPremier

C.HitlerSavedbyAlliedDrugs

D.PenicillinAbusedinGerman

PassageFour

Getreadyforanewkindofmachineatyourlocalgym:onethatdoesn'tinvolvehuffingand

puffingasyouburnoffcalories.Instead,allyouhavetodoisstandstillfor30secondswhilethe

machinemeasuresyourbodyfat.Itcouldthentellyouexactlywhereyoucoulddowithlosinga

fewpoundsandevenadviseyouonexercisesforyourproblemareas.Ifthebodyfatscannerturns

outtobeaccurateenough,itsmakershopeitcouldonedayhelpdoctorsspotdisease.

Thescannerworksbysimultaneouslybuildingupanaccurate3Dimageofthebody,while

measuringthebody'seffectonanelectromagneticfieldbiningthetwomeasurementsallowsthe

researcherstoworkoutthedistributionoffatandwaterwithin.Neithermethodisnewonitsown,

saysHenriTapp,attheInstituteofFoodResearchinNorwichintheUK."Thesmartthingisthat

we'veputtheminonemachine.z，

Andit'snotjustforgymusers.Thebodyfatscannercouldbeusedtostudyfatdepositionas

childrendevelop,whilepatientsrecoverfrominjury,orduringpregnancy.Andsinceitusesradio

wavesratherthanX-rays,Tapp'sdeviceissafetouserepeatedly.

Bodyshapeisknowntobeariskindicatorforheartdiseaseanddiabetes.Soaccurately

uantifyingfatdistributioncouldhelpdoctorssuggestpreventivemeasurestopatientsbefore

problemsarise.Atthemoment,doctorsestimatefatcontentfromknowingbodyvolumeandwater

content.Toagoodapproximation,saysTapp,anythingthatisn'tfatiswater.Theamountofwaterin

thebodyisoftenmeasuredbygivingthesubjectadrinkofwaterthatcontainsaradioactivetracer.

Theleveloftracerinthepatient'surineafterthreehoursrevealsthetotalwatervolume.

Tofindoutabody*svolume,subjectsareweighedw