人教版八年级上册英语Unit 9知识点梳理及语法讲义（学生版）

八年级上册英语Unit9知识点与语法精讲精练词汇梳理词汇梳理（一）完成单词梳理：名词：1.考试2.流感3.工作日4.邀请；请柬5.准备；准备工作6.胶水7.乔迁聚会8.开幕式9.音乐会10.校长11.大事；比赛项目12.客人；宾客13.日历；日程表14.白天；日间动词：1.悬挂；垂下2.及时赶上；抓住；接住3.邀请4.接受5.拒绝6.回答；答复7.删除8.打印；印刷介词：1.没有；不（做某事）形容词：1.有空的；可获得的2.（令人）悲哀的；（令人）难过的3.高兴；愿意4.惊奇的；感觉意外的兼类词：1.（conj/prep）到……时；直到……为止2.（v）转寄；发送（adv）向前；前进3.（interj/n）再见(二)词汇变形小结：1.hang(v.悬挂；垂下)—(过去式)2.catch(v.及时赶上；抓住)—(过去式)3.invite(v.邀请)—(n.邀请；请柬)4.sad(adj.难过的)—(adv.难过地)—(n.悲哀；难过)5.surprise(v.使惊奇n.惊讶；意外)—(adj.惊奇的)—(adj.令人惊讶的)6.prepare(v.使做好准备)—(n.准备；准备工作)7.open(v.打开)—(n.开幕式)【练一练】用所给词的适当形式填空Thanksalotforyour__________(invite),butIhavetostayathometodomyhomework.Iwouldliketoinviteyoutothe___________(open)ofournewstore.Susanfeltreally___________(surprise)atthesurprisingnews.Allthestudentsarebusymaking____________(prepare)fortheschoolmusicconcert.He____________(catch)mebythearmandsaid,“Don'tforget.”Heoftengoestoschoolwithout____________(have)breakfast.Theyaregoingtohavetwo____________(concert)atthistimeofyear.I___________(hang)outlatewithmyfriendslastnight.Mymotherenjoys____________(walk)afterdinnertokeepfit.Thanksfor____________(invite)metoyourparty.(三)短语攻关：为……做准备 去看医生 其他时间；别的时间 闲逛 前天 后天 照料；照顾 拒绝去旅行（帮助……）解决 盼望；期待 接到…（某人的）信 最后 患流感 以便；为了 ……的开幕式邀请某人做某事拒绝做某事知识点梳理知识点梳理I’dlovetoe,butI’mafraidIcan’t.我想来，但是恐怕来不了。【用法详解】知识点1：重点：I’dloveto,but...该句型常用来表示委婉地拒绝对方的邀请，意为“我愿意，但是……”，其中不定式符号to不能省略。Eg.—Shallwegotowatchthefootballgametonight?今晚我们能去观看足球比赛吗？—I’dloveto,butI’vegotareporttofinish.我想去，但是我有一个报告要完成。Sorry,butIcan’Sorry,butIcan’t.对不起，我不能。Sorry,I’mnotfree/available.对不起，我没有时间。I’mafraid...我恐怕……知识点2：重点：I’mafraid...意为“我恐怕……”，表示礼貌地说出令人不快、失望或感到遗憾的事。常用I’mafraidso“恐怕如此”表示肯定；用I’mafraidnot“恐怕不行”表示否定。’mafraidIcan’tridethebike.恐怕我不会骑自行车。—Isitgoingtoraintomorrow?明天会下雨吗？—I’mafraidso.恐怕是的。/I’mafraidnot.恐怕不会。【即学即用】1.—Canyougotothebeachwithmetomorrow,Gina?—________.IpromisedAnnaIwouldgotothecinemawithher.A.Thatsoundsgreat B.Yes,Ican ’mafraidnot ’dloveto2.Oh,butSamisn’tleavinguntilnextWednesday.噢，但是萨姆要一直待到下周三才走。【用法详解】重点：until的用法（1）until在本句中作介词，意为“到……时；直到……为止”其用法有：①与延续性动词连用，表示动作或状态一直持续到某时为止。②与短暂性动词连用，常用于否定句，与not构成not...until结构，表示“直到……才”。（2）until作连词，表示动作、状态一直持续到另一动作或状态出现。Eg.Theydidn’tgohomeuntiltheyfinishedtheirwork.他们直到完成工作才回家。【即学即用】1.直到父母回家，他才停止玩电脑游戏。He____________stopplayingputergames____________hisparentsgothome.2.要到下周一我们才开会。We____________haveameeting_____________nextMonday.3.Weareleavingtomorrow.Wewon'tbeback________nextThursday.n.请柬；邀请3.Inviting邀请n.请柬；邀请【用法详解】invite意为“邀请”，用作动词，常见用法有：inviteinviteinvitesb.to+aparty/wedding...邀请某人参加聚会/婚礼……invitesbtodosth邀请某人做某事Eg.Mybestfriendinvitedmetoherbirthdayparty.我最好的朋友邀请我参加她的生日聚会。YesterdayAnnainvitedmetowatchafilm.昨天安娜邀请我去看电影。【即学即用】Why

are

you

so

excited?

My

aunt

invited

me

________on

a

vacation

toSanya.

A.

go

B.

to

go

C.

going

D.

went4.Accepting接受【易混辨析】accept与receivereceive收到指客观的收到（信件、礼物等），不涉及收到者是否愿意接受Hereceivedaletterfromhisfriend.他收到了朋友的来信。accept接受指主观的接受，常与表示邀请或建议的词连用Sheacceptedmygift.她接受了我的礼物。Eg.Shereceivedagift,butshedidn’tacceptit.她收到了一份礼物，但是她并没有接受它。【即学即用】1.Afterthinkingaboutitoverandoveragain,theydecidedto_______theinvitation.A.receive B.accept C.get D.have2.—WouldyoupleaseseethefilmIronMan3withmetonight,Kate?—I'dloveto,butI've________Linda'sinvitationtodinner.A.seenB.understoodC.receivedD.accepted5.—What’stoday?今天是什么日子？—It’sMondaythe14th.今天是14号，星期一。【用法详解】“What’stoday?”一般用来询问今天是星期几、几号。回答时通常用星期和日期，也可用节日。Eg.—What’stoday?今天是什么日子？—It’sChildren’sDay,June1st.今天是六月一日，儿童节。【拓展延伸】“What’sthedatetoday?”常用来询问具体日期。回答时要用日期。Eg.—What’sthedatetoday?今天是几月几日？—It’sMay1st.今天是5月1日。“Whatdayisittoday?”用来询问今天是星期几。Eg.—Whatdayisittoday?今天是星期几？—It’sTuesday.今天是星期二。【即学即用】1.________today?ItisTuesday,January20th.A.What'sthedateB.WhatisC.WhatdayisitD.Whatisit6.lookafterhissister照顾他的妹妹【用法详解】lookafter=。表示“好好照顾……”时则用lookafter...well或takegoodcareof...Eg.Thetwosisterswilllookaftertheirbabybrotherwhentheirmotherisn’tathome.当妈妈不在家时，这两姐妹将会照看她们年幼的弟弟。Pleaselookafteryourselfwell.=Pleasetakegoodcareofyourself.请好好照顾你自己。【拓展延伸】look的相关短语还有：寻找看查阅；向上看小心浏览环顾四周看起来像盼望【即学即用】1.—Fangfang,shallwegotoseeafilmonSaturday?—Sorry.I’llhaveto________myyoungerbrotherbecausemymotherisout.A.lookat B.lookfor C.lookup D.lookafter7.turndownaninvitation拒绝邀请【用法详解】turndown意为“拒绝”，相当于refuse。turndown为“动词+副词”型短语，代词作宾语时，必须放在turn和down之间。Eg.IturneddownherhelpbecauseIcouldfinishitmyself.我拒绝了她的帮助，因为我可以自己完成。Theyofferedherajobbutsheturneditdown.他们给她提供了一份动作，但是她拒绝了。【拓展延伸】turndown还可表示“调低（音量或温度等）”，其反义词组是turnup“调高（音量或温度等）”。’mafraidhisradioistoonoisy.Willyoupleaseaskhimtoturnitdownalittle?恐怕他的收音机太吵了，请你让他把它关小一点儿，好吗？【即学即用】1.Anna

doesn't

likeJeff,

so

it

is

possible

for

her

to

________his

invitation.

A.

turn

offB.

turn

downC.

turn

onD.

turn

up’msadtoseehergo,andthispartyisthebestwaytosay“Thankyouandgoodbye.”看到她离开我很难过，这个聚会是跟她说“谢谢和再见”的最好方式。【易混辨析】常考点：seesb.dosth.与seesb.doingsth.seesb.dosth.看见某人做某事强调看到动作发生的全过程或看到动作经常发生seesb.doingsth.看见某人正在做某事强调看见动作正在进行Eg.Ioftenseetheboyplaybasketballinthepark.我经常看见那个男孩在公园里打篮球。IsawherwateringflowersinthegardenwhenIpassedby.我路过时看见她正在花园里浇花。【拓展延伸】有类似用法的词还有：hear（听见），watch（看见）等。【即学即用】Iamsadtoseeher__________(leave)afterlivingtogetherforsomanyyears.9.BringMs.Steentothepartywithouttellinghersothatshecanbesurprised.把斯蒂恩女士带到聚会上，但事先不要告诉她为了他能感到惊喜。【用法详解】知识点1：without的用法：without作介词，意为“没有；不（做）某事”，后接名词、代词或动名词ing作宾语，用来表示伴随或假设的情况。反义词为with，“具有；带有”。Eg.Wecouldnotlivewithoutair.没有空气我们就不能生存。Lifeisimportant.Withoutit,everythingwillbeemeaningless.生命很重要。没有它，一切都会变得毫无意义。It’sunhealthyforustogotoschoolwithouteatingbreakfastinthemorning.早上不吃早餐就去上学对我们来说是不健康的。【即学即用】1.You'dbetternothangoutafterschool________tellingyourparents.Theymayworryaboutyou.2.Isawsomeonetakethebookwithout___________(pay).知识点2：【易混辨析】surprised,surprising与surprisesurprised形容词意为“惊奇的；感觉意外的”。通常用来修饰（人/物）surprising形容词意为“令人惊讶的”。通常用来修饰（人/物）surprise动词意为“使惊讶；使感到意外”名词意为“惊讶；意外”，构成短语toone’ssurprise“令某人惊讶的是”’msurprisedatthenewlookofmyhometown.看到家乡的新面貌，我非常惊讶。It’snotsurprisingthatDIYissopopular.DIY如此受欢迎并不奇怪。【即学即用】1.Thestory_______me,thatis,Iam_______atthe______story.A.surprise;surprising;surprised B.surprises;surprised;surprisedC.surprise;surprised;surprising D.surprises;surprised;surprising2.Theoldwomenarevery_______atthe_______news.A.surprised;surprising

B.surprising;surprisingC.surprised;surprised

D.surprising;surprised知识点3：sothat引导的目的状语从句sothat引导的目的状语从句主句（祈使句）【句式剖析】BringMs.Steentothepartywithouttellinghersothatshecanbesurprised.sothat引导的目的状语从句主句（祈使句）【用法详解】sothat在此意为“为了；以便”，引导目的状语从句，可与inorderthat互换。此时从句的谓语一般含有could,would,may,can,will等情态动词。’dbettertakethemapwithyousothatyouwon’tgetlost.你最好带上地图，这样你就不会迷路。【特别提醒】inorderto也可表示目的，不过其后要接动词原形，不能接句子。eg.Inordertopasstheexam,hestudiesmuchharder.为了能通过考试，他学习更加努力了。【即学即用】1.—IthinkIamtheshyestinmyclass.WhatshouldIdo?—Bemoreactiveinclass,________youcanimproveyourabilitytoexpressyourself.A.sothat B.unless 10.Ilookforwardtohearingfromyouall.我期盼着收到你们所有人的回复。【用法详解】重点：lookforwardto意为“盼望；期待”，其中to为介词，后可接名词、代词或动词ing形式。’mlookingforwardtooursummervacation.我正盼望着我们的暑假。Eg.Wealllookforwardtoseeingyouagainsoon.我们都希望尽快再次见到你。【即学即用】1.WangLeiislookingforwardto________thebesthighschoolinSeptember.2.Theyarelookingforward________yousoon. B.forseeing C.tosee D.toseeing3.Imissmyparentsverymuch.I'mlookingforwardto_________(see)themagain.课堂小测一、单项选择1.Oneimportantaimofourschoolistoprepareusforthefuture________wecanfaceallthechallengeswithconfidence.A.sofar B.sothat C.evenif D.inorderto2.─Wouldyouliketoattendthefarewell(告别)partynextweek,Mr.Huang?─Sure.Ihavenoreasonto________yourinvitation.A.turndown B.turnoff C.turnup D.turnon3.Youcan’ttheinvitation,butyoucanacceptthegift.A.accept;refuse B.refuse;refuse C.accept;refuseto D.refuse;refuseto4.—Youcan’tcrossthestreet________thetrafficlightsturngreen.—Oh,sorryandthankyou.5.—DidBendowellinthe________?—Yes,heevengotthehighestgradeintheclass!6.New

Year's

Day

is

ing.

The

children

are

looking

forward

to________presents

from

their

parents.

A.getB.

getsC.

gettingD.

got7.________the

day

after

tomorrow?It's

Thursday,

the

28th.

A.

Which

is

B.

What

day

isC.

What'sD.

What's

the

date8.—Hi,Cindy.TheOldManandtheSeabyHemingwaywillbe________thisweekend.—Thanks.I’llgoandgetonethen.9.Helenwasso_________atthe_________newsthatshecouldhardlysayaword.A.surprised;surprisingB.surprised;surprisedC.surprising;surprisedD.surprising;surprising10.Vivianrefuses_________herchildrentotheweekendtrainingcenterforextraclasses.A.tosend 11.—Canyouhangoutwithustonight?—________,butIamnotavailable. ’dloveto D.Excuseme12.You

shouldn’t

drive

for

more

than

three

hours________relaxing.

It's

to

dangerous.

13.Last

week

I

had________bad

cold

and

my

good

friend

Tom

has________

flu.

A.

a;a

B.

a;theC.

the;the

D.

the;a14.What

did

you

do

yesterday

morning

?I________with

friends

in

the

supermarket.

A.

went

out

B.

took

outC.

came

outD.

hung

out15.Thanksforyourinvitation,butIamafraidthatImighthaveto________mysisterathome.A.lookatB.lookupC.lookafterD.lookfor二、用所给词的适当形式填空1.Susanfeltreally___________(surprise)atthesurprisingnews.2.Tomlefthomewithout___________(say)goodbyetohisparents.3.Kiminvitesme___________(spend)mysummervacationwithhiminTibet.4.It'simportanttoknowhowtoturndownan___________(invite)politely.5.Janedidn'tplayputergamesuntilshe___________(finish)herhomework.6.Herefused____________(give)usthereasonwhyhewaslatetoday.7.Thankyoufor___________(ask)metoyourbirthdayparty.8.Bequiet!Studentsarebusy__________(prepare)fortheingexamnow.9.The___________(open)timeofthemuseumisfromTuesdaytoSunday.10.Canyoutellmesome___________(event)inthepasttwoyears?三、汉译英：单词/短语（注意使用适当形式）1.汤姆没有工作，整天在街上闲逛。Tomhasnojoband________________inthestreetallday.2.恐怕我们要找其他时间去参观你的新家了。I’mafraidwehavetofind________________tovisityournewhouse.3.新年即将到来，孩子们期待着收到父母的礼物。NewYearising.Thechildrenare________________________giftsfromtheirparents.4.凯文在一个离家很远的城市工作，他每个月都收到父母的来信。Kevinworksinacityfarfromhome,andhe________________hisparentseverymonth.5.我今天有空，可以帮忙分担工作。I’mfreetodayandcan________________withthework.6.你后天打算干什么?Whatareyougoingtodo________________________________?7.昨天，吉姆拒绝了她的邀请。Jim________________herinvitationyesterday.8.辛迪昨天没来学校，她去看医生了。Cindydidn’tgotoschoolyesterday.She________________________________.9.玲玲不能和我们一起去，她得准备考试。Linglingcan'tgowithus.Shehasto________________an________.四、完形填空Awomansawthreeoldmensittingoutside.Shesaid,“Idon’tthinkIknowyou,butyou1beveryhungry.Pleaseeinandhavesomethingtoeat.”“Wedon’tgointoahouse2.”Theyreplied.“Whyisthat?”sheasked.Oneoftheoldmenanswered,“HisnameisWealth(财富),thisisSuccess,andIamLove.”Thenhesaid,“Nowgoinand3withyourfamilywhichoneofusyouwantinyourhouse.”Thewomanwentinandtoldherfamilywhathadhappened.Shesaid,“Let’sinviteWealth.Wehavebeenso4.”Herhusbanddisagreed,“Mydear,whydon’tweinviteSuccess?Don’tyouwantmetobeasuccessfulman?”thenherdaughterasked,“Woulditbe5toinviteLove?Ourlifewillthenbefilledwithlove!”Intheendthefamilydecidedtotakethe6advice.Thewomanwentoutandasked,“WhichoneofyouisLove?Pleaseeinand7ourguest.”Lovegotupandstartedwalkingtothehouse.Theothertwoalsogotupand8him.Surprised,theladyaskedWealthandSuccess,“I9inviteLove.Whyareyouingalong?”Thetwooldmenanswered,“IfyouhadinvitedWealthorSuccess,theothertwowouldhavetostayout.ButsinceyouhaveinvitedLove,whereverhegoes,wegowithhim.10thereisLove,thereisWealthandSuccess.“（）1.A.need B.must C.haveto D.may（）2.A.together B.alone C.crowded D.lonely（）3.A.play B.exercise C.agree D.discuss（）4.A.poor B.rich C.lucky D.happy（）5.A.worse B.better C.less D.more（）6.A.father’s B.mother’s C.daughter’s D.parents’（）7.A.be B.is C.are D.am（）8.A.left B.followed C.stopped D.pulled（）9.A.only B.hardly C.never D.almost（）10.A.When B.What C.How D.Where语法精讲语法精讲情态动词can表示邀请一、语法概述情态动词can除了表示能力、许可和猜测之外，还可以表示邀请。表示邀请时，could比can更礼貌、更委婉。can表示邀请的基本用法1.can表示邀请时常用一般疑问句句式，结构为：Can+主语+动词原形+其他？Eg.Canyougofishingwithmethisafternoon?今天下午你能和我一起去钓鱼吗?2.对于用情态动词can发出的邀请，回答时主要有两种情况：（1）接受邀请(肯定回答)：★Yes,sure./Yes,I'dlove（like）to.是的，当然。/是的，我很乐意。(to不可省略)★Sure/Ofcourse.当然可以★Thanksforasking/inviting/yourinvitation.谢谢邀请。（2）拒绝邀请(否定回答)：★Sorry,I'mnotavailable./I'msorry,+理由。对不起，我没有空★I'msorry.I’mnotfree.Ihaveto.......抱歉，我没空，我不得不……★I'dloveto,butI'mafraidIcan't.Ihaveto.......我很乐意，但是恐怕不行。我不得不……【拓展延伸】表示提出邀请、请求、建议或征求别人的意见的表达方式有：❤Let's+sth.咱们做某事吧。eg：Let'sgoshopping.咱们去购物吧。Let'splayfootball.让我们踢足球吧。❤Shallwe+dosth.?我们做某事好吗？eg：Shallwegooutforawalk?我们出去散步好吗？❤Wouldyoumind(not)+sth.?你介意(不)做某事吗？eg：Wouldyoumindclosingthedoor?你介意关上门吗？❤How/Whataboutsth.?做某事怎么样？eg：Howaboutplayingbasketball?打篮球怎么样？❤You'dbetter(not)dosth.你最好(不要)做某事。eg：You'dbetternotreadsuchbooks.你最好不要看这样的书。❤Whydon'tyousth.?=Whynotsth.?(你)为什么不做某事呢？eg：Whydon'tyouaskyourteacher?=Whynotaskyourteacher?为什么不问你的老师呢？❤Wouldyoulike(not)sth.?你愿意(不)做某事吗？eg：Wouldyouliketohavearest?你想休息一会儿吗？❤Would/Couldyouplease(not)sth.?请你(不要)做某事好吗？eg：Wouldyoupleasewaitforme?请你等等我好吗？语法小测一、单项选择1.—CanyougoshoppingwithmethisFriday,Sally?—_________.IwillvisitmyunclewithmyparentsonFriday.A.Sure,I’dloveto B.Sorry,Ican’t C.Yes,Ican D.Yes,Ido2.Canyougotothemovieswithme,Helen?_________.A.Sure,I’dloveto ’’stoobad D.No,Idon’tknow3.CanyougotoseethesickkidinhospitalthisSaturday?_________.I'llbefreethen.A.Sorry,Ican'tB.NotatallC.ThankyouD.Sure,I'dloveto4.—________yougotothemovieswithmetomorrow,Bob?—Sorry.I________gotoseemygrandparents.A.Can;can B.Can;must C.May;mustn’t D.Might;can5.—May,I’llgiveyouacallthisFriday.Let’sdiscussitatthattime.—ОK._________.A.Idisagreewithyou B.Catchyouthen C.Youcanmakeit D.Luckyyou6.—Canyougotothesupermarketthisweekend?—_________.Ihavetohelpmyparentswiththehousework.A.Sure,I’dloveto ’mafraidso C.Sorry,I’mafraidnot D.Sure,Ilove7.—Wouldyoumind_________yourclothesnow?—Sorry,Ican’t.Ihavetodomyhomework.A.wash B.washing C.towash D.notwashing8.—Canyoueoverfordinnertonight?—_________.Ihavetostudy.A.Sure,I’dliketo B.Yes,Ithinkso C.Sorry,I’mnotavailable D.No,Idon’tworry9.Peter,I_________gototheguitarlesson.I_________lookaftermyaunt.Sheisill.’t;can ’t;haveto C.can;can D.can;mustn’t二、用所给词的适当形式填空1.Canyou__________(go)tothezoowithusonSaturdayafternoon?2.He'dlove__________(have)acupofcoffee.3.Howabout__________(visit)grandparentsthisSaturday?4.Wouldyoulike__________(e)tomyofficetodiscussthereport?5.Couldyouplease__________(give)meahand?Ican'tfinishmyhomeworkwithoutyourhelp.三、阅读理解Thechildrenallovertheworldcelebratetheirbirthdaysinthesameway:candles,cakesandbirthdaywishes.Buttherearesomedifferentwaystocelebratebirthdaysfromcountrytocountry.Hereareafew.Argentina(阿根廷)InArgentina,asinmanyLatinAmericancountries,oneofthemostimportantbirthdaypartiesisagirl’sfifteenth.Whengirlsturn15theyhaveabigpartydance