完形填空指导

完型填空专题为你成功获取高分支招

Whatdoyouseehere?Whatdoyouseehere?格式塔心理学:当看见不完整的事物时，人们根据脑子里对事物的完整概念，会在思想上把它补全.

补全心理补全心理基于语篇综合语用什么玩艺儿？要求很高很暴力约350字的美文长啥样？

试卷体裁字数08记叙文

34409议论文

33110记叙文

378约350字美文实词多虚词少长啥样？试卷动词名词形容词副词介词连词代词数词0810701011009652232001076510100约350字的美文长啥样？*

*重语境选最佳实词多虚词少“纸老虎”咋办呢？重整体Isolatedwordsdon’tmakesense.Isolatedwordsdon’tmakesense.“纸老虎”咋办呢？

换角度

重整体读填读完形填空解题

“三字经”抓住整体推敲细节通读检查通读全文读啥?体裁篇章大意首/末段段首句

（例1）EvelynGlenniewasthefirstladyofsolopercussioninScotland.Inaninterview,sherecalledhowshebecameapercussionsoloist(打击乐器独奏演员)inspiteofherdisability.

…

…Followyourpassion(酷爱);Followyourheart.Theywillleadyoutotheplaceyouwanttogo.”

(08江苏卷)

关键词读啥？夹叙夹议,叙议结合读啥？

（例2）Therequirementsforhighschoolgraduationhavejustchangedinmycommunity.Asaresult,allstudentsmust36

sixtyhoursofservicelearning,

37

theywillnotreceiveadiploma.Servicelearningis…Supportersclaimthattherearemany

41

ofservicelearning.…

47therearemanybenefits,opponents(反对者)

48

problemswiththenewrequirement.First,...Inmyview,…（09江苏）议论文(正反观点对比题)关键词试填：41:benefits/advantages完形填空体裁特点及应考策略

体裁特点策略记叙文事--理理—事理清事情来龙去脉作者的态度和情感叙议结合议论文话题—正反/作者观点

论点—论据—结论分清话题与观点论点与论据相印证

说明文事物或事理的说明弄清说明对象

篇咋填啊?词*

句文化、常识篇情景构建语篇、呼应文化背景\生活常识

（例3）ImademysandwichthatafternoonwhilewaitingforCassie.

39thebutter-creamgavemeanidea.

(08湖南卷)39.A.SpreadingB.Boiling C.BakingD.Holding

前后呼应（例4）

…

(末段)Iwouldencouragepeoplenottoallowthemselvestobe55byothers.Followyourpassion;Followyourheart.Theywillleadyoutotheplaceyouwanttogo.”(08江苏）

A.directedB.guidedC.taughtD.limited(首段)…shebecameapercussionsoloist(打击乐器独奏演员)inspiteofherdisability.

“EarlyonIdecidednottoallowtheopinionsofotherstostopmefrombecomingamusician.

句意呼应文章格调呼应语篇结构（例5）Supportersclaimthattherearemany

benefits

ofservicelearning.Perhapsmostimportantly,studentsareforcedtothink

beyond

theirowninterestsandbecome

awareoftheneedsofothers.Studentsarealsoabletolearnreal-lifeskillsthat

includeresponsibility,problem-solving,andworkingaspartofateam.

45

,studentscanexplorepossiblecareers

throughservicelearning.(09江苏)

45.A.Gradually

B.Finally

C.Luckily

D.Hopefully

句法句逻辑句法

（例7）

Whenwelookatitasawhole,webegintohavesome42

,whicheventhebestguide-booksdonotanswer. （08安徽)

42.A.ideasB.opinionsC.feelingsD.questions

逻辑关系

（例8）Inmyview,servicelearningisagreatwayto

contribute

tothecommunity,learnnewskills,andexploredifferentcareers.

53

,Idon'tbelieveyoushouldforcepeopletohelpothers.(09江苏)53.A.Therefore

B.Otherwise

C.Besides

D.However

词义词

再现

*搭配词义

（例9）Second,theybelievethatforcingstudentstoworkwithout

51

goesagainstthelaw.(09江苏)

51.A.cost

B.pay

C.care.

D.praise

搭配（例10）……Iplayinmystockingfeetandcan43thepitchofanote(音调高低)bythevibrations(振动).

(08江苏)

43.A.tell B.see C.hear D.smell

…Iwascompletelydeaf.

复现

（例11）

“Afterthat,Iestablishedmyselfasthefirstfull-timesolopercussionist.I51andarrangedalotofmusicalcompositionssincefewhadbeenwrittenspeciallyforsolopercussionists..(08江苏）

51.

A.wroteB.translatedC.copiedD.read

（例12）Garth’se-mailwasshort,butIlearnedmorefromthat52

messagethanIeverdidfromatextbook.(08山东卷)

52.A.accurateB.urgentC.briefD.humorous原词复现同义词、近义词复现

重新审视全文再读她一次验证修改答案检查整体性读填读完形填空解题

“三字经”抓住整体推敲细节通读检查根据并列关系解答完形填空题根据语义复现解答完形填空题利用前后搭配解答完形填空题利用逻辑推理解答完形填空题高考英语完形填空解题技能实战演练【分1－4部分】1.2.3.4.高考英语完形填空解题技能实战演练（1）根据并列关系解答完形填空题因果关系、类属关系相对关系等并列，就是指由and或or连接的并列成分同类关系[例1]Thesetellthestoryofamotherwhosebabygrows23

andpaleandhaschangedsomuchthatitisalmostunrecognizabletotheparents.23.A.sick B.slim C.short D.small因果关系[解析]

选项中只有ill才与pale有相关性(因果关系)，即因为“生病”，所以脸色才会“苍白”，故选A。[例2]EdgarAllanPoe,whoselifewasshortandseeminglyunhappy,wrotestoriesandpoemsofmysteryand

22

insanity(疯狂)anddeath.(2009届佛山二模)22.A.happiness B.science C.society

D.terror同类关系[解析]因为只有terror(恐怖)才与mystery(神秘)、insanity(疯狂)和death(死亡)是表示同类意义的名词，而不可能是与“happiness(幸福)”“science(科学)”或“society(社会)”并列，故选D。[例3]EdgarAllanPoeisalsorememberedasthefatherofmoderndetectivefiction,storiesofaninvestigatorwhohastosolvemurdersandother

27

(2009届佛山二模)27.A.accidents B.crimes C.events D.incidents类属关系[解析]因为“murder(凶杀)”是各种“crimes(犯罪)”行为中的一种，所以与“murder(凶杀)”并列应是“其他各种犯罪行为”，故选B。[例4]WhenChristwasbornnearlytwothousand

years

ago,manypeople,richand_______,gavehimpresents.A.ill B.healthy C.poor D.tall相对关系[解析]因为由句意可知，应当是指“耶稣出生时，许多人，无论贫富，都给他礼物”，故选择与rich相对意义的poor，即选C。2.Thepoverty(贫困)was

worsethananythingmyyoungcompanionshadeverimagined.Backinthehotel,anairofsadnesssettledoverthegroup.Many

________andcried.(2009年浙江28题)gaveup

B.brokedown

C.setoff

D.heldon2.B。与cried(哭)并列应当是breakdown(情绪失控)，故选B。3.It’snoteasybeingateenager–norisiteasybeingtheparentofateenager.Youcanmakeyourchildfeelangry,hurt,or______bywhatyousaywithoutrealizingityourself.A.dismissed B.misunderstood C.misled D.satisfied3.B。与angry(生气)和hurt(伤害)意义相关的应当是misunderstood(误解)，故选B。4.…mymothersaidthatwemightsoonbeleavingforAmerica…Iwassayinggoodbyetomyfriendsandrelatives.WhenwewereleavingIthoughtaboutalltheplacesIwasgoingtosee---thestrangeand______placesIhadknownonlyfrombooksandpictures.A.unfrequented B.remote C.different D.magical4.D。与strange(陌生的)并列应当是magical(神奇的)，故选D。5.Whenstudentsandparentsareaskedtoratesubjectsaccordingtotheirimportance,theartsareunavoidablyatthebottomofthelist.Musicisnice,peopleseemtosay,butnotimportant…Thisviewisshortsighted.Infact,musiceducationis________andimportantforallstudents. A.beneficial B.available C.expensive D.powerful5.A。与important(重要的)并列，且符合语境的，应当是beneficial(有益的)，句意为：“音乐教育对所有学生来说，是有益的，也是重要的。”高考英语完形填空解题技能实战演练（2）根据语义复现解答完形填空题同词复现同义复现结构复现语义复现[例1]TalesofthesupernaturalarecommoninallpartsofBritain.Inparticular,therewas(andperhapsstillis)abeliefinfairies(仙女).Notallofthese21arethefriendly,people-lovingcharactersthatappearinDisneyfilms,and…(2008年广东高考)A.babiesB.believersC.fairiesD.supermen一、同词复现[解析]前句说是人们“相信有仙女”，后句“并非所有这些_是友好的”，承前逻辑，空格处应填“仙女”了，故选C。[例2]Thereweremanywaystopreventthisfromhappening:hangingaknifeoverthebaby’sheadwhilehesleptorcoveringhimwithsomeofhisfather’sclotheswerejusttwooftherecommended27.A.casesB.toolsC.stepsD.methods二、同义复现[解析]前句说“避免这类的事发生有许多方法(ways)”，冒号后的解释，“在小孩睡觉时在其头上悬挂一把刀，或者用其父亲的裤子盖着他，就是其中值得推荐的两种________”，承前逻辑，自然是其中的两种“方法”，与ways同义的是methods，故选D。[例3]AlfredNobelbecameamillionaireandchangedthewaysofmining,construction,andwarfareastheinventorofdynamite(炸药).…“Dr.AlfredNobel,whobecame23byfindingwaystokillmorepeoplefasterthaneverbefore,diedyesterday.”A.famousB.sickC.richD.popular三、结构复现[解析]AlfredNobel引导定语从句的who指代的就是AlfredNobel，两句是相似的,且两句的后部分的内容各为“发明了炸药”与“找到了更快的杀人方式”，可以想象，两者的意义何等接近！可见，与“变成百万富翁”对应的应当是“变成富裕”，故选C。Wouldn’titbegreatifwedidn’thavetorememberpasswords（密码）everagain?Ifwecouldjustsitinfrontofourcomputersandbeautomaticallyloggedin（登录）?CravementionshowNECSoftBiodeLogonsystemusesfacerecognition（识别）technologytologyouontoWindows,ratherthanusinga_______.A.faceB.passwordC.softwareD.system即时练习前面说了“如果不必再记密码…”对此问的回答是“系统是如何用脸部识别技术来帮你登陆，而不是用________”。承前逻辑，此处应当是“而不是用密码”，故选B。2.Afterdoingalittleresearch,IfoundthistypeoftechnologyalreadyavailableinEnglishtoconsumersviaarelativelyinexpensiveapplicationcalledFaceCode.The______requirestheuseofawebcamtorecognizeandlogPCusersintotheirsystems.(2007年广东高考27题)A.account B.consumer C.designer D.software答案为D。与application(应用软件)同义的是software，故选D。3.Grasslandsneedtimetorecoverwhencattleandotheranimalsfeedonthem.Movinganimalsfromonefieldtoanothercanprovidethe_______neededfornewgrowth.A.cattleB.timeC.spaceD.help3.B。前句“当牛或其他动物吃了牧草地上的草后，牧草地需要时间才可恢复”，本句“动物的迁徙就可以提供草生长所需要的________”，承前句逻辑，可知空格处填“时间”，故选B。4.On27February2008,somethingunusualhappenedinBritain;therewasaratherlargeearthquake.Itwasthe______UKearthquakein25years.A.biggest B.loudest C.deadliest D.scariest4.A。前句“2008年2月27日，英国发生了一件不寻常的事，一场非常大的地震”，本句“是25年来英国最________的地震”。承前逻辑，应当是“最大的”地震，故选A。5.Mostpeoplebelievetheydon’thavemuchimagination.Theyare

wrong.Everyonehas_______,butmostofus,oncewebecomeadults,forgethowto

makeuseofit.(原创)A.creativity B.memory C.imagination D.limitation5.C。前句说：“多数人认为他们自己没有想象力。他们的这种观点是错误的。”承前逻辑，“(事实上)每个人都有想象力，只是……”，故选C。6.Whenhearrivedathisfather’shouse,hewastoldthathisfatherhadbeeninhospitalforaweek.Hewasaboutto

leavefor(去；前往)the______whenhesaw… A.city B.hospital C.factory D.university6.B。前面说“当他回到父亲家时，初告知他父亲已住院一周了”，承前逻辑，他应是“去医院”，故选B。7.Onceadultsunderstandwhatchildrenarecommunicatingthroughtheirbehavior,theycanrespondbetter.Whenchildrenfeelrespectedandhavetheirneedsmet,thereisnolongerareasontousechallenging_______tocommunicate.A.action B.language C.gesture D.behavior7.D。前句说，“成年人一旦懂得小孩通过行为要表达的意思，就会作出更好的应对。”承前逻辑，本句应为“当孩感觉得到尊重和满足需求时，他们就不再用挑战性的行为来交流了”。故选D。利用前后搭配解答完形填空题高考英语完形填空解题技能实战演练（3）在解答完形填空时，充分考虑这些搭配关系，有助于我们作出正确选择。动词与介词的搭配动词与其宾语的搭配句式结构上的搭配和习语搭配等所谓前后搭配根据动词与其后介词的搭配关系来选择一个恰当的动词。[例1]OnApril12,1888,Alfred’sbrotherLudwigdiedofheartattack.AmajorFrenchnewspaper___hisbrotherforhimand…(2009年广东高考21题)A.found B.misunderstood C.mistook D.judged一、动介搭配[解析]能与“AforB”搭配的在四个选项中只有选项C,mistakeXforY意为“误以为X是Y”,故选C。根据动词与其宾语是否可以搭配、在意义上是否符合逻辑或常识来确定选用哪个动词。[例2]Nobelarrangedinhiswilltogivethelargestpartofhismoneyto___theNobelPrizes,whichwouldbeawardedtopeoplewho…(2009年广东高考28题)A.establishB.formC.developD.promote [解析]在不定式短语中，宾语是“诺贝尔奖”，动词该用哪一个？设立？形成？发展？促进？根据常识，能与“奖项”搭配的，在这四个选项中只有“设立”，故选A。二、动宾搭配根据句式或句型的搭配来确定填哪一个词。[例3]Thebooktellsusofusefulskillssuchashowtoputwhatyouhavelearnedintopicturesofyourmindto

yourmemorybetter.A.makeB.turnC.1etD.change三、句式搭配[解析]在四个选项中，能接“宾语+形容词作宾补”的只有选面A，makeyourmemorybetter意为“使你的记忆力变得更好”，故选A。

根据习惯用语的固定搭配来确定正确选项。[例4]Intellectualproperty(IP)(知识产权)isaproductofthemindthathascommercialvalue.Theconcept___backto1623whenthefirstpatentlawtoprotectIPrightswaspassed.(2009年茂名二模21题)A.holdsB.dates C.sets D.turns[解析]datebackto是惯用短语，意为“追溯到”，故选B。值得注意的是，解题时，不能一看到搭配就选答案，这样往往容易出错。因为有时单独看空格前后或单独看空格所在句，除正确答选项外，其他选项也可能与其前后构成搭配，这时，还需要根据上下文的意思和逻辑，同时也需要结合生活常识才能定夺。四、习语搭配3.Participatingworkplacesletemployees（员工；雇员）wearjeans（牛仔裤）onOctober5fora$5donation.“It’sarealwayforeveryonetofeellikethey’remakinga___,”saystheEmmy-winningactress.A.differenceB.decisionC.friendD.profit3.A。makeadifference意为“有影响，起作用”。根据上文：Hargitay发起一个为乳腺癌研究募款的项目，即通过上班穿牛仔裤的员工捐款5元钱。她认为这是一个让每个人感觉在起作用，出一份力的有效途径。5.OnApr