英语阅读理解微技巧-细节理解题之解题策略课

英语阅读微技能---细节理解题之解题策略2021/10/101细

节

理

解阅读常见题型作者态度主旨大意2021/10/102高考阅读考查细节理解题：2021/10/103Spot

the

differences大家来找茬Z021/10/10细节理解题测试学生对特定细节或重要事实的辨认能力类型划分1:·

直接辨认型：获取信息---记住信息---回忆并对号入座如

：Which

buttons

directly

control

the

movementof

the

Rocket

Ball?z0zi/iuj10细节理解题类

型

划

分

1

:·

间接辨认型：获取信息---加工转换---得出正确释义同义(反义)转换、排序、图文转换、数字转换、6

2021/10/10细节理解题类型划分2:·

集中型：就单个特定细节提问，答案位于单句和

上下文处如：

As

is

mentioned

in

the

card,

thelimitation

of

the

research

paper

main

lylies

in

that2021/10/107细节理解题类型划分2:·

分散型：正确答案和干扰项对应的细节分散在文中多处·

如：1

.Which

of

the

following

is

NotMentioned/True?2.We

can

learn

from

the

passage

that

.3.

All

the

following

statements

may

betrue

except

·8

2021/10/10细节理解题题型：1.文章细节题：what/who/when/where/how/why2.是非题：Which

of

the

following

is

Not

True?3.图表数据题(计算)4.排序题5.其他题：2021/10/10“干扰项”面面观1正误并存；半对半错2以偏概全；过于夸大3无中生有；主观臆想4文不对题；答非所问5张冠李戴；偷换概念102021/10/10正误并存；半对半错The

robot

Buddy

can

patrol

the

home

when

the

residents

are

not

home

and

contact

a

person's

phone

if

it

detects

anintruder

or

fire.Many

of

the

robots

have

cameras

that

act

as

eyes.

For

those

concerned

about

someone

hacking

into

arobot

topeep

into

a

home,

there

are

safeguards

to

look

forwhen

purchasing

one."When

the

camera

is

activated,

we

willshow

it

on

the

screen

and

specific

lights

so

you

know

that

someon

e

is

using

your

camera,"

Hasselvander

said

aboutBuddy.

·

What

do

we

know

about"Buddy"?A.20

18

weil

witness

Buddy

go

into

differ

ent

families.

B.Buddy

is

equipped

with

special

eyes

to

protect

itself.C.Buddy

can

safeguard

the

home

and

sound

the

fire

alarm.D.Buddy

has

an

advantage

over

conventional

smart

products,。以偏概全；过于夸大Food

sometimes

gets

poisoned

with

harmful

things.A

per

son

who

eats

such

food

can

get

an

illness

called

foodpoisoning.

Food

poisoning

is

usually

not

serious,

but(sometypes

are

deadly.

The

symptoms

of

food

poisoning

usua

lly

begin

within

hours

of

eating

the

poisoned

food.

Feve

r

isone

of

the

most

common

symptoms.·

Which

of

the

following

statements

is

NOT

True?A.

Food

when

poisoned

can

make

people

sick.B.Food

poisoning

means

death.C.

Food

poisoning

comes

in

varieties.D.

Food

poisoning

can

be

serious.2021/10/10以偏概全；过于夸大.The

system

wouldn't

mean

having

to

keep

your

lights

on

all

the

time

either,

Haas

says---bulbs

could

be

dimmed

to

such

a

point

that

they

appear

off,

but

still

transmit

.The

system

can

easily

networkan

y

device

with

an

LED

light-—-an

electric

kettle,

an

oven.LEDstreetnigits

couid

even

be

used

to

form

a

network

of

outdoor

Li-Fi,

making

it

possible

to

stay

connected

when

walking

around

thecity.But

some

sound

a

cautious

note

about

VLC's

future.

It

becomesless

powerful,

for

example,when

light

is

blocked,

wheather

due

to

fog

or

other

conditions.·

We

can

learn

from

the

passage

that

A.Li-Fi

can

work

with

LED

lights

off..B.Li-Fi

can

be

used

with

all

household

appliancesC.Li-Fi

can't

work

outdoors.D3Li-Fi

needs

improving

to

meet

diverse

need.2021/10/10无中生有；主观臆想Wide-heeled

shoes

feel

comfortable,

so

women

wear

them

all

day

long,"Kerrigan

said."They

are

better

for

your

feet

thanstiletto

heels,

but

just

as

had

for

your

knees."..

The

scientists

compared

how

much

pressure

was

put

on

the

women's

knees

by

both

types

of

shoes.

The

women

also

walkedbarefoot

to

test

normalpressure.

The

scientists

found

thatboth

types

of

shoes

applied

equal

amounts

of

pressure

to

the

knees.1.

We

learn

from

thepassage

that

women

choose

chunkyheels

because

.__A.they

want

to

walk

comfortablyB.chunky

(粗短高跟)

heeled

shoes

are

cheaperthan

stiletto

(细高跟)

heeled

pairs14

C.chunky

heels

do

less

harm

to

kneesD.chunky

heels

are

not

painful

at

all2021/10/10文不对题；答非所问Wide-heeled

shoes

feel

comfortable,

so

women

wear

them

allday

long,"Kerrigan

said."They

are

better

for

your

feet

than

stiletto

(细高跟)heels,

but

just

as

had

for

your

knees."....The

first

study

looked

only

at

stilettoheels

,

and

Kerrigan

sai

d

she

wanted

to

study

the

chunky

(

粗

短

)

high-heelea

shoes

shenoticed

many

women

wearing."This

study

comnrms

what

we

all

int

uitively

know

that

high-heeled

shoes

of

any

kind

are

not

good

fo

r

our

health,"

said

Dr.

Glenn

Pfeifer,

a

San

Francisco

doctor·

Kerri

gan

's

late

study

looked

at

the

chu

nky

high-heeled

shoesA.theyfeel

more

comfortableB.theyare

related

to

knee

osteoarthritisC.theyare

worn

by

many

women15D.theyare

different

from

stiletto

heelsbecause2021/10/10。_张冠李戴；偷换概念The

warden(

狩猎监督官)set

out

three

steel

trap

s

that

night.

in

the

morning

one

was

empty.

The

other

two

had

been

stolen

by

the

(beavers(河狸)

and

used

to

strengthen

the

dam.

The

warden,

cursing

the

state

law

against

hunting

beavers

with

firearms,

got

his

trapsback

and

set

them

out

again

and

again.

And

every

nightthe

beavers

stole

them.·

What

did

the

local

game

warden

do?A.

He

made

steel

traps

to

strengthen

the

dam.B.

He

set

out

to

hunt

the

beavers

with

firearms.C.

He

learned

a

lot

about

the

construction

of

the

dam.D.He

used

petrol-soaked

bags

to

drive

the

beavers

away.Treatment

centres

have

popped

up

around

the

world.

In

2006

Amsterdam's

Smith

&

Jones

facility

claimstobe"the

first

and,

currently,

the

only

residential

video-

game

treatment

program

in

the

world".

In

Americathe

restart

Internet

Addiction

Recovery

Programclaims

to

treat

internet

addiction,

gaming

addiction,and

even"texting

addiction".In

China,

meanwhile,

military-style

"boat

camps"are

the

preferred

way

totreat

internet

problems.·

Which

of

the

following

is

true

about

the

world's

efforts

to

fight

Internet

addiction?B.Amsterdam

once

started

the

world's

first

video-gametreament

program.D.Military-style

camps

in

China

prove

to

be

the

best

totreat

Internet

probmlems.“干扰项”面面观1正误并存；半对半错2以偏概全；过于夸大3无中生有；主观臆想4文不对题；答非所问5张冠李戴；偷换概念182021/10/10细节理解题解题原则及步骤、方法：·

原则：

忠实于原文原句及全篇逻辑关系

，不能主观臆断·

步骤和方法：Step1:

题干中选定关键词

(定位词)S

tep2:

通过略读、查读锁定文中定位区域Step3:

结合信息区域上下文理解、比对

Step4

:

排除干扰项，筛选得出答案

2021/10/10定位词通常是哪些词?1.

人名、地名等专有名词；年份、数字等

数词及题干中的大写名词2.

指代具体事物或人物的名词3.

词义鲜明的动词、形容词、

副词等实词20

2021/10/10·

替换关键词

：把文中关键词转化替换成

同/近义词，设置题干或正确选项。·

词性或语态变化：把原文句中的词变换词

性或语态，以制造理解障碍。·

语言简化，长话短说：

把原文中散杂语言

现象进行提炼总结，成为题干或正确答案。题干和正确选项的典型特点2021/10/1021替换关键词(同/近义词替换)When

I

was

growing

up

in

America,

I

was

ashamed

of

my

mother's

Chinese

English.

Because

of

her

English,

s

he

was

often

treated

unfairly.

People

in

departmentstores,

at

banks,

and

at

restaurants

did

not

take

herseriously,

did

not

give

her

good

service,

pretended

not

to

understand

her,

or

even

acted

as

if

they

did

not

hear

her.41.

Why

was

the

author's

mother

poorly

served?

A

,She

was

unable

to

speak

good

English.B.

She

was

often

misunderstood.C.

She

was

not

clearly

heard.

偷换概念

D.

She

was

not

very

polite.22

无中生有2021/10/10词性或语态变化Confucius

.assumed

that

all

men

were

equal

at

birth,

though

some

had

more

potential

than

others,

and

that

it

was

knowledge

that

set

men

apart.

Socrates

focused

on

individual,

and

thought

thatthe

greatest

purpose

of

man

was

to

seek

wisdom.He

believed

..66.What

made

some

people

different

from

others

according

to

Confucius?A.Family

B.

PotentialC3Knowledge

D.Community

2021/10/10词性或语态变化Traditionally,

people

have

drunk

bottled

water

for

health

reasons.

The

practice

of"taking

the

waters"originated

with

the

Romans,who

believed

that

a

person

developed

a

healthy

mind

by

building

ahealthy

body.

Across

Europe,

drinking

or

bathing

in

mineralwaterhas

been

associated

with

the

power

to

cure

various

diseases1.

Which

of

the

following

statements

is

TRUE?A.

Bottled

water

was

once

drunk

both

by

the

rich

a

ndthe

poor.B.

Bottled

water

sales

have

risen,

for

it's

cheaper

thantap

water.

无中生有

Europeans

believed

in

the

power

of

treatment

of

mineral

water.D.Americans

have

had

the

habit

of

drinking

bottledwater

for

long.语言简化，长话短说Unfortunately,

the

leaders

investeo

the

money

unwisely

and

lost

millions

of

dollars.

In

addition,

they

used

millions

more

dollars

for

personal

expenses

Soon

people

realizedthat

they

had

a

terrible

problem

—

their

phosphate

was

runn

ing

out.

Ninety

percent

of

their

island

was

destroyedand

they

had

nothing.

By

2000,

Nauru

was

financiallyruined.

Experts

say

that

it

would

takeapproximately$433,600,000

and

more

than

20

years

to

repair

the

island.This

will

probably

neverhappen.·

Which

of

the

following

was

a

c