考研《英语一》沁阳市2023年预测试题含解析_第1页
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考研《英语一》沁阳市2023年预测试题SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)PersonallyIthinktrainsareexcitingandromantic.Imust1thattrainsarenotimportantmeansoftransportationintheUS,butIdohavesome2withthem.WhenIwasachild,growingupinasmalltownwithverylittle3,weusedtogotothestationtowatchthepassengertrainscomingin.Therewassomething4aboutthesteaming,roaringstringoftrainscomingintoviewaroundthemountains,slowlygrowinglargerand5andfinally6crowdsofstrangersontotheplatform.Itookmy7traintripwhenIwastenyearsold.Iwentwithmyeldersistertovisitourcousinssixhundredmilesaway.Thetrain-soloudandviolentontheoutsidewas8androckinginside.Wewereveryexcited,andasthatwasalsoourfirsttimeawayfromourparents,wefeltsomewhatfrightenedtoo.However,becauseIhad9somuch,IwasalittledisappointedwhenIwasfinallyoneofthepassengersIhad10forsolong.Asacollegestudent,I11rideanovernighttraintomyroommate’shometown.Wecouldneverafforda12,soweplayedcards,sang,ate,readandtalked13wefinallyfelluncomfortablyasleepinthestraight-backedseats.Myideathattrainsare14maycomefromthefactthatmyhusbandandItookthetrainonourhoneymoon,spendingextramoneytoeatinthediningcar,and15thewindowasthedesertsceneryslidpast.Now,whenImakeatrip,Ialwaysflyordrive,and16arenotaveryimportantpartofmylife.17,everytimeIhearthetrainwhistlefarawayonaquietnight,Icanalwaysfeelthe18inmyhearttopackmybagsandjumponboard,enteringa19worldofmotions,sounds,sights,andexperiencewhichjustaren’t20inthedullenvironmentofanairplane.1、A.admit B.believe C.predict D.ensure2、A.trouble B.fun C.photos D.experience3、A.education B.entertainment C.work D.money4、A.boring B.satisfying C.exciting D.terrifying5、A.smaller B.louder C.noisier D.faster6、A.spilling B.throwing C.removing D.shooting7、A.only B.first C.second D.last8、A.gentle B.small C.big D.rough9、A.experienced B.knew C.thought D.expected10、A.waited B.appreciated C.watched D.trusted11、A.usedto B.oughtto C.could D.must12、A.ticket B.seat C.meal D.sleeper13、A.until B.since C.before D.after14、A.exciting B.romantic C.beautiful D.comfortable15、A.leaningagainst B.standingby C.lookingoutof D.sittingbeside16、A.trains B.cars C.planes D.boats17、A.Still B.Therefore C.Indeed D.Instead18、A.possibility B.preference C.impulse D.impatience19、A.common B.gentle C.quiet D.unique20、A.mentioned B.matched C.discussed D.allowedSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Inthelatestromance-drama,DescendantsoftheSun(《太阳的后裔》),ahandsomesoldierYooShi-jin(柳时镇)(SongJoong-ki)(宋仲基)meetstheprettydoctorKangMo-yeon(姜暮烟)(SongHye-kyo)(宋慧乔)inahospital,andhedoesn’thesitatetohitonher.Thedialogue,whichtakesplaceearlyinthefirstepisode(集),immediatelyindicatesthatthisisnoordinarySouthKoreandrama.There’snofamilyfeud(不睦),orlovetangles,orguessesandmisunderstandings.The16-episodeshowissetinthefictionalwar-torncountryofUruk(乌鲁克).SongJoong-kiistheleaderofaspecialwarfarecommandunit,whileSongHye-kyoplaysadoctorwhoworksforahumanitarianmedicalorganization.BotharesentinthemidstofdisasteranddiseaseaspartoftheirworkwithUNpeacekeepingtroops.Bothknowandshowclearlywhattheywantandwhattheyhate.ButwhatstandsoutthemostareSong’sskillsasapick-upartist(撩妹技能).Boldnessandcreativityarethekeyweaponsinhisarsenal.WhenKanginvitesYootodrinkwinewithher,Yoo,whoisnotallowedtodrinkalcoholasasoldier,says,“Thereisaway”beforekissingher.Forgetaboutthe“eighth-episoderule”.Thiskisshappensinthefourth.Humoralsodoesthetrick.Ontheirfirstdateinacinema,Yoosays,“Thisisthemostexcitingmomentofmylife.ThemomentIamwithabeautifulwomanbeforethetheaterlightsgoout.”WhenKangtriestogiveYooahardtime,Yoojokes,“Imistookyouforabeautifulwomanbecauseit’sdark.”AndactorSongJoong-ki,whojustcamebackfromtwoyearsofmilitaryservicelastMay,makessurehedelivershispick-uplinesjustright.“InDeepRootedTree(《树大根深》)andTheInnocentMan(《善良的男人》),he[SongJoong-ki]showedhehadthesteeltoplayfearlessandheartlessmen–thathecouldbetakenseriouslyasanactor,despitehisprettyface.InDescendants,hehitstheemotionalcoreofeveryscene,whetherhehastobeboldandamorous,guardedandmysterious,orsad,”saidcriticFoongWoeiWaninTheStraitsTimes.1、WhatistherelationshipbetweenSongJoong-kiandSonghye-hyo?A.lover B.colleague C.actor D.doctor-patient2、WhysaythattheDescendantsoftheSunisnoordinarySouthKoreandrama?A.Becauseactorsknowandshowclearlywhattheywantandwhattheyhate. B.ItbrokethepreviousKoreanoldstory.C.Itexitsfamilyfeudandlovetangles. D.Thepick-upartistisuniqueandspecial.3、WhentheDescendantsoftheSuntellsusthatheterosexual(异性)contactsisimportanttohavesomequalityincluding。①humor②Boldnessandcreativity③bold④emotionalA.①② B.①②③ C.②③④ D.aboveall4、Whatisthearticlemainlyabout?A.IntroduceadramacalledtheDescendantsofthesun.B.SongZhongjicouldbetakenseriouslyasanactor,despitehisprettyface.C.TheDescendantsofthesunopenanewpatterntopick-upwoman.D.ThereasonwhytheDescendantsofthesungainsuccess.Text2Haveyoueverpressedthepedestrianbuttonatacrosswalkandwonderedifitreallyworked?They’recalled“placebo(安慰剂)buttons”一buttonsthatmechanicallysoundandcanbepushed,butprovidenofunctionality.InNewYorkCity,onlyabout2ofthe1,000crosswalkbuttonsactuallyfunction.Crosswalksignalsweregenerallyinstalledbeforetrafficjamhadreachedtoday’slevels.Butwhiletheirfunctionwastakenoverbymoreadvancedsystems—suchasautomatedlightsortrafficsensors—thephysicalbuttonswereoftenkept,ratherthanbeingreplacedatfurtherexpense.Othercities,suchasBoston,DallasandSeattle,havegonethroughasimilarprocess,leavingthemwiththeirownplacebopedestrianbuttons.InLondon,whichhas6,000trafficsignals,pressingthepedestrianbuttonresultsinareliable“Wait”light.Butthatdoesn’tnecessarilymeanthatthe“greenman”—or“pedestrianstage”intrafficsignaldesignprofession—willappearanysooner.“Wedohavesomecrossingswherethegreenlightcomesonautomatically,butwestillaskpeopletopressthebuttonbecausethatenablesaccessiblefeatures,’’saidGlynnBarton,directorofnetworkmanagementatTransportforLondon.Thesefeatures,suchasblindtracksandhearabletrafficsignals,helppeoplewithvisualdisordercrosstheroadandonlyfunctionwhenthebuttonispressed.Asforthelights,agrowingnumberofthemarenowcombinedandbecomeapartofanelectronicsystemthatdetectstrafficandadjuststimefrequencyaccordingly(givingprioritytobusesifthey’rerunninglate,forexample),whichmeansthatpressingthebuttonhasnoeffect.AccordingtoLanger,aHarvardpsychologist,placebobuttonsgiveustheillusion(错觉)ofcontrol—andsomethingtodoinsituationswherethealternativewouldbedoingnothing.Inthecaseofpedestriancrossings,theymayevenmakeussaferbyforcingustopayattentiontooursurroundings.“Theyserveapsychologicalpurposeattheveryleast,”sheadded.1、Whyarethephysicalbuttonsstillkeptinsomecities?A.Becauseitmaycostmoneytoreplacethem.B.Becausetheyremainasmemoriesofacity.C.Becausedohaverealfunctionsintraffic.D.Becausetheycanresultinreliablelights.2、Whichofthefollowingwordcanreplacetheunderlineword“features”inParagraph4?A.Functions. B.Uses.C.Equipment. D.Facilities.3、Ifyoupresseda“placebobutton”inLondon,whatwouldhappen?A.Alltrafficwouldbeaffected. B.Somekindofsoundmightappear.C.Pedestrianscamefirsttocrosstheroad. D.“Greenman”wereboundtoshowupearlier.4、Whatcanweknowabout“placebobuttons”fromLanger’swords?A.Theycanreallycontroltraffic. B.Theyservelittlefunctions.C.Theymayworkmentally. D.Theycanhelptheblind.Text3Awarmdrinkofmilkbeforebedhaslongbeenthebestchoiceforthosewantingagoodnight’ssleep.Butnowastudyhasfounditreallydoeshelppeoplenodoff—ifitismilkedfromacowatnight.Researchershavediscoveredthat“nightmilk”containsmoremelatonin(褪黑激素),whichhasbeenproventohelppeoplefeelsleepyandreduceanxiety.Thestudy,byresearchersfromSeoul,SouthKorea,involvedmicebeingfedwithdriedmilkpowdermadefromcowsmilkedbothduringthedayandatnight.Thosegivennightmilk,whichcontained10timestheamountofmelatonin,werelessactiveandlessanxiousthanthosefedwiththemilkcollectedduringdaytime,accordingtothestudypublishedinTheJournalofMedicinalFood.Nightmilkquickenedthestartofsleepandcausedthemicetosleeplonger.Whiletheeffectofcows’milkharvestedatdifferenttimeshasnotbeentestedonhumansuptonow,takingmelatonindrugshasbeensuggestedtothosewhoarestrugglingtofallasleepatnight.Previousstudieshavealsoindicatedthatmilkcanbeexcellentforhelpingsleepbecauseofthecalciumcontent,whichhelpspeopletorelax.Milkisalsosugar-freeandadditive-freewithnutritionistsrecommendingskimmedmilkasthebestchoicebeforebedasitistheleastfattening.Themorefatyoutakeinbeforebedtime,thegreaterburdenyouwillputonyourbodyatnight.1、Accordingtothetext,themicefedwithdaytimemilk__________.A.startedsleepmoreeasily.B.werelessactive.C.weremoreanxious.D.wokeuplater.2、WhichofthefollowingisTRUEofmelatoninaccordingtothetext?A.It’susedinsleepingdrugs.B.Itexistsinmilkingreatamount.C.Itcanmakepeoplemoreenergetic.D.It’sbeentestedonmicefortenyears.3、Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.MilkDrinkingandHealthB.Fat,SugarandHealthC.AnExperimentonMiceD.NightMilkandSleep4、Howdoestheauthorsupportthethemeofthetext?A.Bygivingexamples.B.Byprovidingresearchresults.C.Byexplainingstatisticaldata.D.Bystatingarguments.Text4Thefirsttrulyautonomouscars—vehiclesthatdrivedownthestreetswithnoonebehindthewheel—havefinallyarrived.Waymo,whichbeganlifeasGoogle’sself-drivingcarproject,announcedthatithadletitsdriverlesscarslooseinpartsofPhoenix,Arizona,withnobodyinthefrontseatstotakeoverincaseofemergency.MembersofthepublictakingpartinaWaymotrialinthedesertcityinthesouth-westUSwillbeabletoorderthevehiclestocomethroughanapp“inthenextfewmonths”,thegroupsaid.Potentiallyoneofthemostrevolutionary(革命性的)newtechnologies,aswellasoneofthemostadvertised,driverlesscarshavebeenatthecentreofaracebetweenbigautomakersandtechnologycompanies.Butwhileanumberofgroupsaretestingthetechnologyonthestreetswithback-updriversbehindthewheel,mostbelievetheapproachoffullautonomyisatleasttwoyearsaway.Googleshockedtheautoindustrywhenitfirstshowedabasicversionofitsdriverlesstechnologysevenyearsago,andittheninvestedmorethan$lbninautonomousvehicleresearch.Rivals(竞争对手)admititstillhasatechnologylead,thoughskepticsquestionwhethertheartificialintelligenceisgoodenoughtorespondtothemanyunforeseeneventsthatcouldoccurontheroad.Waymobelievesitisthefirstcompanytoreachastandardknowninthedriverlesscarworldaslevel4,meaningitscarscandriveunderfullautonomyinpresetareasthathavebeencarefullymappedoutandtested.Uber,GeneralMotors,AptivPLC,BMWandothershavebeenconductingtestingtoreachlevel4,butallofthemstillkeepahumaninthedriver’sseat.1、Whatshouldpeopledointhedriverlesscartest?A.Takeoverinanemergency.B.Callforacarwithoutanapp.C.Letthecaroperateinfullautonomy.D.Testthecarinadesertedplace.2、Thethirdparagraphmaybeusedtoshow.A.Google’sdriverlesstechnologyisreallyadvancedB.WaymowillbewidelyacknowledgedtwoyearslaterC.driverlesscarswilldamagetheentireautomobilemarketD.thetechnologyofdriverlesscarsisdevelopingtoofast3、WhyisWaymoconfidentabouttryingoutitsfirstdriverlesscars?A.Becauseitalreadyinventedabasicversion.B.Becauseithasatechnologyleadinthisarea.C.Becauseithasreachedfull,level4autonomy.D.Becauseitscarscandrivewhereverapersonlikes.4、What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardstheself-drivingcar?A.Supportive.B.Opposed.C.Skeptical.D.Objective.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Gratitude,thankfulness,appreciation—whateveryouwanttocallit—1.(be)apositiveemotionorattitudeinwhichanindividualacknowledgesthehelpofanotherButthefactisthatdifferentpeoplecanhaveverydifferentresponsestoreceivinghelpScientistshavediscoveredthat2.itcomestofeelinggrateful,womenaremorelikelytofeelandexpresstheemotionthanmenMenare3.(little)likelytoexpressgratitudebecausetheybelievethatitisnotmanlytoexpresssofteremotionsWomen,on4.otherhand,aremoreemotionallyvulnerable(脆弱的)andexpressive,tendtoshowtheirfeelingsmore5.(frequent),andaremorelikelytobenefit6.expressinggratitudeWomen,ingeneral,arebetteratmaintainingtheirrelationshipsthanmenbecausetheyareabletobettershareandexpresstheiremotionsThispaysoffprettywell,sincethiswaywomenaremorelikelytoreceivesupportandunderstanding,andasaresult7.(give)moreopportunitiestoexpressgratitudeMentendtotrytocopewithproblematicissuesalone,andtothinkthatseekinghelpisasignof8.(weak)Thisallmeansthatmendenythemselvesopportunitiestogethelp,andthereforechances9.(express)gratitudeToreachthisconclusion,DrKashdanandhiscolleaguesexaminedandanalyzeddifferencesinexpressionsofgratitudebypeopleofdifferentsexesinthreerecent10.(study)Howdowehelpkidsmakewisechoicesabouttheirmoney?AnneKersten,1.FinancialteacherinAmerica,saysthatshestartsitbyopeninganongoingdialogueKerstenleadstwoworkshops2.(design)forfamiliesBotharevalues-basedmoneymanagementworkshops3.provideparentswithtoolsandtalkingpointsonhowtoshare,saveandspendmoney4.(wise)Childrenwhoattendtheworkshopreceiveeitherabluepiggybank5.aCashCache(贮存物)LongbeforeKerstenbeganteachingotherpeople’skidsaboutwisemoneymanagement,shetaughtherowndaughtersWhenherdaughters6.(be)only4and5yearsold,theyeachreceivedasmallallowance(零用钱)tolearnhowtoshare,saveandspend“Savingisimportantbecauseithelpsmentallyprepareforlong-term7.(goal),”Kerstensays,addingthatherdaughtersknewtheywouldberesponsibleforapartoftheircollegefeeAfterspendingaterm8.(study)abroad,Kersten’solderdaughtergraduated9.collegelastyearSheusedscholarships(奖学金)alongwithhersavings10.(help)payherwayKersten’syoungerdaughtersavedenoughtocoverherfeeandshewillgraduatedebt-freein11.SectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Foodfeedsthesoul.Totheextentthatwealleatfood,andweallhavesouls,foodisthesinglegreatunitedacrosscultures.Withfood,therearemoreopportunitiestoconnecttomemoryandfamilyandplace.1、Foodasidentity.French,Mexican,Chinese,andItaliancuisineseachinvolvedozensofdistinctregionalfoods.Everysinglecultureandreligionusesfoodaspartoftheircelebrations.2、Everyseason,everyharvest,andeveryholidayhasitsownfood,andthisistrueinAmericaaswell.3、Sometimesfoodmeanslivingon.WhiletheChinesecookswhoexported“Chinese”foodaroundtheworldateauthenticcookingathome,thedishestheyserved,thuscreatingnewcuisinesentirely,werebasedoneconomicnecessity.Foodaspleasure.Thingshavechangeddramaticallyinthepast20yearswhenitcomestofoodinFrance.SomeoftheideasofFrenchfoodlifemaybeaperformance.Franceisthispastoralnationwherepeoplearespendingfivehoursadaygoingto12differentmarket

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