新教材高中英语UNIT3ANULTURE教知识细解码课时分层作业含解析新人教版选择性必修第二册

PAGE1-UNIT3FOODANDCULTURE课时分层作业(七)Ⅰ.单词拼写根据汉语提示写出单词。1．Thehotelhasalargediningroomservingsuperblocalcuisine(菜肴)．2．Hereceivedasetofchinaconsisting(组成)ofsixtypieces.3．Ifyouwantthedishtoturnoutrightyoushouldfollowtherecipe(食谱)．4．Sheflavoredthefishwithsugarandvinegar(醋)．5．Thereistoomuchonion(洋葱)inthesalad.6．Sheproduceselegant(高雅的)weddinggownsinavarietyofsumptuousfabrics.7．ManyofBritain'sbeachesfailtomeetminimum(最低的)standardsofcleanliness.8．Acropoftomatoesenrichesthesoilandmakesitsuitableforgrowingcabbages(甘蓝)．9．Thisnutpuddingisarichdessert(甜点)withaspecialflavour.10．Inthecafeteria(自助餐厅)weserveourselves.Ⅱ.阅读理解ATherearemultipleexperiencesaWesternercandescribeasa“cultureshock”inChina,oneofthefastest­growingeconomies,likeeatingmouthwateringbaoziforbreakfast.Theseexperiences,however,paledincomparisontotheoneIexperiencedduringmytimeinanorganizationI'vebeenservinginfortwoyearstoprovidefreeeducationaltoursatmyleisure—theadvancementandequalizingofChina'sknownwealthdisparity(差异)throughthesocialnetworkandcashlesspaymentgiant(巨头),WeChat,whichIrarelyusedbefore.Lastmonth,theorganizationledathrillingtriptocamp.Initially,wewentthroughavillagekeptalivebytheresidents.Theviewstherearesoattractiveandrefreshing.Walkingthroughendlessredappletrees,Isawanelderlywomanwhogentlyofferedtosellmeapples.Unfortunately,IinformedherIdidn'thavecashonhand.ShequicklytoldmetoscantheQRcode(二维码)onherphone，whichinsecondswouldgetmymoneyintoherbankaccountviaWeChat.Needlesstosay,Iwasblownaway.Andofcourse,theapplesweretasty.Asanadvocateoffinancialgrowthopportunitiesinunder­servedcommunities,itwasinspiringtowitnessthattechnologyletspeoplecontributetotheeconomyregardlessofsocioeconomicbackgroundinChina.Thoughthesocioeconomicproblemsremaintosomeextent,accesstoandadoptionoftechnologycreatingfinancialopportunitiestransformthelivesofeverydaycitizensandenablecommunitiestoflower.WhileIoncedidn'tbelievea“cashlesssociety”waspossibleandthoughtitcouldcausemoreunfavorableconditions,Inowstandcorrected.PerhapsitmighttakelongerforNewYorkCitytoadapt,aswelagbehindinthistransformationandthereissomuchwecanlearn.Ialsowonderwhatthehumanracecanachievewhentechnologyprovidesendlessopportunitiesforpeopleofallbackgroundstoadvance.【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过自己的一段经历，阐述了科技对中国生活的影响，无论贫富，都可以使用“无现金支付”，科技缩小了贫富差距。1．Whatdoesthefirstparagraphtellusabouttheauthor?A．Sheisstrugglingwithcultureshock.B．ShereallyenjoysChinesebreakfast.C．Shedoesvoluntaryworkwhenfree.D．Shelikesusingsocialnetworks.C[细节理解题。根据第一段的“I'vebeenservinginfortwoyearstoprovidefreeeducationaltoursatmyleisure”可知，作者在空闲时间做志愿者，提供免费的教育之旅。]2．Whichofthefollowingsurprisedtheauthorduringthetrip?A．Sceneryofthevillage.B．Tasteoftheapples.C．PopularityofWeChat.D．Thewayofpaying.D[细节理解题。根据第二段的“ShequicklytoldmetoscantheQRcode(二维码)onherphone，whichinsecondswouldgetmymoneyintoherbankaccountviaWeChat.Needlesstosay，Iwasblownaway.(她很快告诉我扫描她手机上的二维码，几秒钟后，我的钱就会通过微信进入她的银行账户。不用说，我被震撼了)”可知，旅途中，令作者吃惊的是，付款的方式是扫微信二维码付款。]3．Whatistheauthor'sattitudetoacashlesssociety?A．Critical. B．Positive.C．Concerned. D．Curious.B[推理判断题。根据最后一段的“WhileIoncedidn'tbelievea‘cashlesssociety’waspossibleandthoughtitcouldcausemoreunfavorableconditions，Inowstandcorrected.”可知，尽管作者不相信“无现金社会”的生活的可能性，认为这可能会导致更多不利的状况，但是现在作者纠正(错误)。因此推断作者现在支持“无现金”的社会。]4．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．TechnologyhelpsnarrowthewealthgapB．NewYorkwillbethenextcashlesssocietyC．HumanswillachievemorewithtechnologyD．Chinabecomesthefastest­growingeconomyA[标题归纳题。根据全文内容，特别是第一段的“theadvancementandequalizingofChina'sknownwealthdisparity(差异)throughthesocialnetworkandcashlesspaymentgiant(巨头)，WeChat，whichIrarelyusedbefore.(通过社交网络和无现金支付巨头微信(我以前很少使用它)，中国众所周知的贫富差距得到了改善和平衡。)”可知，作者通过讲述自己的经历，阐述了无线网络和无现金支付——微信改善和平衡了贫富差距。因此推断A项“科技有助于缩小贫富差距”为最佳标题。]BYoushouldseethephoto.I'msittinginreddirt,wearinganuglypurpleT­shirt.Myfaceispinkandmyhairiswetwithsweat.Fliesbuzzaroundmyhead.I'mintheOutbackofAustralia'sNorthwestTerritory,onaschooltripwith20parentsand20kids.Itwasanoddchoiceforaholiday.Ilikesittingbythepoolwithacola,notfliesandfrogs.Ilikebeingaloneandquiet,notabusloadofkids.Ilikefreshlywashedsheets，notdirty­lookingblankets.Buthere'sthethingaboutthatphoto:Iamsmiling!ThetripsoundedgoodwhenIsignedup.Guideswouldtakeusintotheheartoftheplace,andIwouldseeanewpartofAustralia,learnaboutlocalcultureandbondwithmyyoungestdaughter.Iwouldalsobondwith40strangers.Ijusthopedtherewouldbegoodcoffee.InDarwin,wewereherdedontoabus.Itquicklybecametiresome.ThekidswereloudandIhatedmakingsmalltalk.Butlater,whenIlookedoutatthevast,emptyland,Iwassurprisedatandmovedbyitsbeauty.Ourguidetoldusaboutthelandanditsculture.Ifeltfarfromhome.Atanationalpark,weenjoyedanaturalswimminghole.Kidsandparentshadagreattime.Thenwegottotheoutback.ThecabinIsharedwithmydaughterwasabrickcell,fullofgeckos(壁虎)andcrickets(蟋蟀),buttoodarktoseethem.Itdidn'tmatter.Thenextninedayswerepacked：waterfalls,lakes,communityvisitsandatriparoundKatharineGorge.Weevensawgiantcrocodilesandbabywallabies.Onourlastnight,awaterpipebroke.Weawokeinamess.Usually,Iwouldhavecomplainedandaskedforarefund,butitjustseemednormaltobedirty.Indeed，itwasimpossibletostayclean.Wewerehikinginreddirt,withtemperaturesof35degrees.Still，IfeltakindofenergyIhadn'texperiencedinyears.Yes,thecoffeewasbad,butIwastoofocusedonkeepingcricketsoffmyface.Ilovethatphotoofmeinthedirt.Ilookmessybutalsohappy.Sometimes,it'sanotherwayoftraveling.Thereisbeautifulscenery,thereisdirt.Therewasalwayssomeonetotalkto,someonetolaughwith.【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者最近的一次旅行，这次不像她之前的旅行那么安静、轻松，她学会了享受旅行过程中的快乐并解释她从中学到了什么。5．Whatweretheauthor'sprevioustripslike,accordingtothearticle?A．Cheap.B．Adventurous.C．Peacefulandcomfortable.D．Packedwithoutdooractivities.C[推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Ilikesittingbythepoolwithacola，notfliesandfrogs.Ilikebeingaloneandquiet，notabusloadofkids.Ilikefreshlywashedsheets，notdirty­lookingblankets.”“我”喜欢坐在泳池边喝可乐，不喜欢苍蝇和青蛙。“我”喜欢一个人的安静，不喜欢一车的孩子。我喜欢刚洗过的床单，而不是脏兮兮的毯子。可推知，作者之前的旅行较为安静、轻松。]6．Whatdoweknowabouttheauthor'stripwithherdaughter?A．Theirjourneywasrelaxingwithouttoomuchsightseeing.B．Theirlivingconditionswerefairlypoorduringthetrip.C．Thesceneryonthetripdisappointedthem.D．Theparentsseemedtoenjoythemselvesmorethanthechildren.B[细节理解题。根据第七段第二句“ThecabinIsharedwithmydaughterwasabrickcell，fullofgeckos(壁虎)andcrickets(蟋蟀)，buttoodarktoseethem.”“我”和女儿共用的小屋是一个砖砌的房子，里面满是壁虎和蟋蟀，但是太黑了看不见它们。以及下文，可推知，旅行期间作者和女儿的居住条件相当差。]7．Howdidtheauthorfeelduringthelatterpartofthetrip?A．Impatient. B．Positive.C．Disappointed. D．Exhausted.B[细节理解题。根据倒数第四段第三句“Usually，Iwouldhavecomplainedandaskedforarefund，butitjustseemednormaltobedirty.”和倒数第三段最后一句“Still，IfeltakindofenergyIhadn'texperiencedinyears.”可知，作者在旅行的后期感到乐观。]8．Whatistheauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthisarticle?A．Towarnreaderstochoosetheirtripswisely.B．Tosharethebenefitsoftravelingwithchildren.C．Totellaboutherlatesttripandexplainwhatshelearnedfromit.D．Toshowtheadvantagesofgoingtodifferentplaces.C[推理判断题。通读全文，尤其最后一段内容可知，作者在本文讲述了她最近的一次旅行，这次不像她之前的旅行那么安静、轻松，她学会了享受旅行过程中的快乐并解释她从中学到了什么。]Ⅲ.阅读七选五MostAmericansloveChinesefood.However，theChinesefoodservedinmostAmericanrestaurantsisverydifferentfromtheauthenticcuisineenjoyeddailybypeoplelivinginChina.1ThenmanyChineseimmigrantshadtroublelandingajobinAmerica.Tomakealiving,someofthemopenedrestaurants.Overtheseyears,ChinesecuisinehasbeenadaptedtoreflectWesterninfluences.2TheChinesefoodfoundinWesternrestaurantsismainlycookedthroughfrying.Manydishesarecookedusingvariousfryingmethods.However,traditionalChinesefoodisrarelycookedthroughfrying.Instead,methodssuchasbaking,steaming,boilingandfermenting(发酵)aremorecommonlyused.AnotherbigdifferencebetweenauthenticandwesternizedChinesefoodistheingredientsused.3Someingredients—likecarrots,onionsandtomatoes—arenotoftenusedinauthenticChinesecooking.Inaddition,whileyoucanfindsomeWesterncuisinesthatusestrangemeats—likepigears—mostWesternculturesareprettyconservativeaboutthemeatstheyconsume.AuthenticChinesefood,incontrast,usesawidervarietyofproteinsources，includingtofu,snake,chickenfeet,duckbloodandmanymorethatWesternersgenerallywouldn'tchoosetoeat.4SweetandSourChicken,forexample,hasnoequivalent(同等物)intraditionalChinesecuisine.Similarly，thefortunecookieisacompletelyAmericaninvention.Indeed,therearenumerousdifferencesbetweenauthenticandwesternizedChinesecuisine,butWesternpalates(味觉)adapttonewflavorseasily.5A．ThehistoryofwesternizedChinesefoodstartedinthemid­1800s.B．WesternizedChinesefoodfeaturesvegetablesthatarecommoninWesterncuisines.C．TherearesomanyregionsofChina,andtheyallpreparetheirdishesalittlebitdifferently.D．SoitmayonlybeamatteroftimebeforeauthenticChinesefoodbecomespopularinAmerica.E．ManyofthemostpopularChinesedishesintheWestarenotservedinChineserestaurantsatall.F．Deepfryingfoodisquick,whichiswhyyoucanusuallygetyourChinesefoodinjustafewminutes.G．OneofthemaindifferencesbetweenauthenticandwesternizedChinesefoodliesincookingmethods.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。中国菜到了西方以后受到了西方的影响，文章介绍了西化的中国菜和传统中国菜的不同之处。1．A[根据空后的“ThenmanyChineseimmigrantshadtroublelandingajobinAmerica.Tomakealiving，someofthemopenedrestaurants.Overtheseyears，ChinesecuisinehasbeenadaptedtoreflectWesterninfluences.(当时，许多中国移民在美国找不到工作。为了谋生，他们中的一些人开了餐馆。这些年来，中国菜已经被改变来反应西方的影响)”可知，A项(西化的中国食物的历史始于19世纪中期)和下文内容相呼应，i