2024届新高考英语热点精准复习-定语从句VIP

2024届新高考英语热点精准复习定语从句定语从句AttributeClauseIhaveanapple.Iknowaman.用句子做定语，修饰前面的名词简单句Ihaveanappleanditisred.Iknowamanandheisateacher.并列句Ihaveanapplewhich/thatisred.Iknowaman

that/whoisateacher.复合句Ihaveanapple________isred.主句从句先行词从属连词、连接词、引导词、关系词关系词的作用※①

引导从句②

在从句中作（主干）成分③

代替先行词①

判断句子是定语从句②

划出先行词③

将先行词代入从句，看在从句中作什么成分④

根据先行词在从句中所作的成分，得出关系词①

作主宾表→关系代词that,which,who,whom,as②

作状语→关系副词when,where,why,介词+which③

作定语→关系形容词whose=ofwhom/which指人：that/who/whom指物：that/which关系代词Theman______visitedourclassyesterdayisfromchina.Heistheman______isreadingabookoverthere.Thisistheplace______wevisitedlasttime.Iknowtheman______youjusttalkedwith.c缺主语/指代人that/whothat/who缺主语/指代人that/which缺宾语/指代物缺宾语/指代人that/who/whom什么情况选关系代词①

从句句意不完整，缺少主宾表②

先行词等于关系词关系副词什么情况选关副词①

从句句意完整②

关系副词在句中做状语③

关系副词修饰从句中的动词④

被动即完整Thisistheplace_________wevisitedlasttime.Thisistheplace_________wevisitedtheequipmentlasttime.及物动词visited后缺宾语/选关系代词/指代物that/which先行词=关系词句意完整/选关系副词根据句意，指参观设备的地方→地点状语whereIstillrememberthetime_________wefirstmeteachother.Istillrememberthetime_________wespenttogether.及物动词spent后缺宾语/选关系代词/指代物when先行词=关系词句意完整/选关系副词根据句意，指第一次见的时间→时间状语that/whichThisisthereason_________shecried.Thisisthereason_________shegaveme.及物动词gave后缺直接宾语/选关系代词/指代物先行词=关系词句意完整/选关系副词根据句意，指她哭的原因→原因状语whywhich/that关系副词什么情况选关副词①

从句句意完整②

关系副词在句中做状语③

关系副词修饰从句中的动词④

被动即完整(间宾除外）Thisistheplace_________thepartywasheld.Thisisthereason_________Iwastold.told后面缺直接宾语，选关系代词/指代物when先行词=关系词从句被动语态，句意完整/选关系副词根据句意，指晚会举行的地方→时间状语that/whichCompareWeoftenthinkofthedays_________wespenttogetherinthecountryside.which/that先行词在定语从句中作宾语Weoftenthinkofthedays________weworkedtogetherinthecountryside.

先行词在定语从句中作时间状语，相当于onthedays。whenThisistheplace________heworks.Thisistheplace____________wevisitedlastyear.wherewhich/that先行词在定语从句中作地点状语先行词在定语从句中作宾语Thereason_______hewasabsentyesterdayisstillunknown.Webelievethereason

__________hetoldus.先行词在定语从句中做原因状语whythat/which先行词在定语从句中作宾语关系副词——介词+which什么情况用介词+which一先：根据定语从句中介词与先行词的搭配习惯二动：根据定语从句中谓语动词与介词的搭配习惯（即固定搭配）三意义：根据定语从句的意思来选择Isthisthehouse_______Shakespearewasborn?A.atwhereB.whichC.inwhichD.ofwhichThisistheplace__________wevisitedtheequipmentlasttime.Thisisthereason_________shecried.borninthehouseatwhich/whereattheplace(小地点）cryforthereasonforwhich/why关系形容词whose=ofwhich/whom①

主从句完整②

从句中有名词属于先行词③

从句名词前有the（限定词）用of结构；无the,用whose④

从句名词为不定代词或数词，只用of结构Ilikegirls_______hairisblackandlong.eyesarebig.voiceissweet.whoseIlikebooks_______coversareshiny.priceisreasonable.whose女孩的头发thegirls’hair[前定]whosethehairofthegirls[后定]whom书的封面thebooks’covers[前定]whosethecoversofthebooks[后定]whichThisisthebookwhosecoverisred.=Thisisthebookthecoverofwhichisred.=Thisisthebookofwhichthecoverisred.Thisisthescientist____________nameisknownallovertheworld.Iknowtheperson__________housewasdestroyedintheearthquake.Helivesinaroom__________windowfacessouth.Helivesinaroom,thewindow__________facessouth.whosewhosewhoseofwhich非限定性定语从句①

代唯一的名词②

代整个主句如：Ilikegirlswhoarebeautiful.ThisismyfriendMolly,whoisasweetgirl.引导词※范围大，从句缩小主句范围唯一，从句补充说明主句限定性定语从句非限定性定语从句关系代词that,which,who,whom,aswhich,who,whom,as关系副词when,where,why,介词+whichwhen,where,介词+which关系形容词whose=ofwhich/whom不变IloveChinawhichisagreatcountry.，非限定性定语从句1.意思：which这件事；as正如2.位置：which放主句后；as任意3.时间：which分先后，主句先发生，后评价as不强调先后，把主句当成事实which,as的区别如：____weallknow,theearthisround.Theyfoundthemurder,_______surprisedme.Aswhich一、that和

which用法的区别(1)先行词为表示“物”的all,everything,nothing,something,anything,few,little,much，some,theone,none等不定代词时。Iamsureshehassomething_____

youcanborrow.(2)先行词被和不定代词有关的词all,every,some,any，one,few,any,no,little,much等修饰时。I’vereadallthebooks_____youlendme.1、能用that不用which的情况(that)(that)Doyouhaveanything_____youdon’tunderstand?(that)Pleasesendusanyinformation_____youhaveaboutthesubject.(that)(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时，指物只能用that。Thisisthefirstboy_________________shehasmet.(who/that/whom)Itisthemostbeautifulcity_____I’veeverseen.（that）(4)先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast强调修饰时，指物时只能用that。Thisistheverybook

_____

belongstohim.thatHeistheonlyperson__________waspresentatthetime.that/whoShe'sthefirstperson___________

expressedloveformywriting.who/that主句是以which/who开头的疑问句时。

Who

isthegirl_____

drovethecar?

whichisthehotel_____hestayedinlastnight?(7)主句以therebe,且先行词表示“物”引导时。

Therearemorethan4000houses_____weredestroyedintheearthquake.(5)先行词既有人又有物时。Thefamouswriterandhisworks_____theradiobroadcastarepopularwiththestudents.thatthatthat

that(8)先行词是主句的表语，而关系词也在从句里做表语时,不管先行词是人还是物。Heisnolongertheboy__________heusedtobe.(that)(9)有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词已用which，另一个用that。Theysecretlybuiltasmallfactorywhichproducedthings_______couldcausepollution.Chinaisn’tthecountry_______itusedtobe.

(that)

that(1)关系代词在限制性定语从句中紧跟介词作宾语（介词提前）。Therearemanytrees

__________theycanhavearest.=Therearemanytrees___________theycanhavearestunder.2、只用which不用that的情况(2)

在非限制性定语从句中(可以修饰一个先行词，也可以修饰整个句子)。

Thisishishouse,

______is50yearsold.(代替house)Tomwaslate,_____madehisteacherangry.(代替整个句子)underwhichwhichthat/whichwhichTheman_________youspokewasascientist.towhom(3)有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词已用that，另一用which。HeboughtanAmericanmagazinethatcouldgivehimsomuchEnglishknowledgeand_______couldhelphimtokilltime.

which(4)当先行词是that时。Theclockisthat______tellsthetime.

which二、只用who的情况One______hasnothingtofeardarestotellthetruth.Theones_______laughatthedisabledarenotgoodstudents.Anyone_______failstofinishthetaskshouldbepunished.Those________wanttogotoTheGreatWallsighuphere.Heisthevery

oneofthestudents_______passedthetest.(优先考虑one这个表示人的代词)先行词是表示人的代词one,ones,anyone,anybody,nobody,none,

those时whowhowhowhowho3.在therebe/live句型里，如果先行词是表示人，关系词用who.(1)Thereisayoungmanoutside_________asksforyou.外面有个想见你的年轻人(2)Therelivedaking__________wasunkindtohispeople.从前有个对臣民不好的国王whowho三，定语从句的主谓一致原则1.I,who____anEnglishteacher,likelisteningtolightmusic.2.Heisoneofthestudentswho_______(like)seeingfilms.他是其中的一个喜欢看电影学生3.Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswho______(like)

seeingfilms.他是唯一一个喜欢看电影的学生amlikelikes4.Sheistheonlyoneamongthe__writerswho___storiesforchildren.Awoman,writesBwomen,writeCwomen,writesDwoman,writeCExercise1.Fillintheblankswithwho,whom,whose,

whichand

that.1)

Theman______________Isawtoldmetowait.2)Lookattheboyandhisdog_____arecomingthisway.(whom/who/that)that3)Tomisthefirstboy_____lefttheroom.4)Hesawahouse_____windowswereallbroken.5)Youcanreadanybook_____Ihave.thatwhosethat2.CorrectthesentencesThisisthelongesttrainwhichIhaveeverseen.that

2)TheradiowhichIboughtitlastweekhasgonewrong.去掉it3)ItwasameetingthatimportanceIdidn'trealizeatthattime.whose4)RecentlyIboughtanancientChinesevase,thepriceofwhosewasveryreasonable.

which5.MyfatherandMr.Smithtalkedaboutthingsandpersonswhotheyrememberedinthecountry.that

1.AheadofmeIsawawoman