高考英语一轮复习 第一部分 Unit 1 A land of diversity 试题

Unit1AlandofdiversityⅠ.情景默写1.InthenorthofIndia，thepopulationisbooming(处于迅速发展时期)duetohighbirthrates.(2017·江苏卷)2.Astrongmanwillbearhardship(困难)withoutcomplaining.3.Itjustoccurred(发生)tomethatifwewantedtogototheseashoreforourvacation，wehadbettermakereservationsinadvance.4.Anyonewhogoesabroadwillacceptsecuritycheckatthecustoms(海关).5.Undergraduateshavebeenhired(雇用)since2016toassistincreatinganenvironmentallyfriendlycampus.6.Thegunmenwillnotescapepunishment(惩罚).7.Wehaveonlyasmallpercentage(百分比)offoreignbooks.8.Theroutehasbeenmarked__out(划出)sothatitiseasytofindhishouse.9.Johnpreferredtogointobusinessaloneratherthanteam__up__with(合作)anyoneelse.10.Thepolicelookedintothecasecarefullyandfoundthethiefhadenteredthehouseby__means__of(通过)aladder.11.Mr.Brownsentane－mailtothemanager，applying__for(申请)ajobinthecompany.12.Itishonorabletomake__a__life(谋生)withyourhandswhiledependingonothersisashame.13.Afterseeinga__great/good__many(许多)homelesspeopleinthestreets，IthoughtIshoulddosomethingforthem.14.HalfwaythroughthechapterIrealizedIhadn’ttakenanythingin(吸收).15.To__keep__up(维持)goodrelationshipswithyourteachersandclassmates，youshouldlearntobeongoodtermswiththem.Ⅱ.词性转换1.Apparently，shetooknonoticeoftheapparentmistakesintheaccident.(apparent)2.AlltheapplicantscanapplyinpersonorbyletterandatthesametimeshouldhandintheirapplicationsbeforeMay6th.(apply)3.Thedistinctionbetweenthemisnotsodistinctfortheyaretwins.(distinct)4.Anewlawhasbeenbroughtintodiscourageracialprejudiceandaskequalrightsfordifferentraces.(race)5.Hewaselectedasthepresidentagainandsomethoughttheelectionwasatotalfailure.(elect)6.HeindicatedthatanindicatorshouldgivemesomeindicationsofhowIdidinthetest.(indicate)7.OneofthemajorproblemsisthatamajorityofthegraduateswhomajorinEnglishfinditdifficulttofindagoodjob.(majority)1.句型公式：what引导的名词性从句这幅画使我想起了我在那个村子里的经历。Thepictureremindedmeofwhat__I__had__experienced__in__the__village.2.句型公式：thatiswhy...他迷恋电脑游戏，那就是他考试多次失败的原因。Heisaddictedtocomputergames，andthat__is__why__he__has__failedintheexamsseveraltimes.3.句型公式：It’slikelythat...这次会议有可能会由于天气原因而被推迟。It’s__likely__that__the__conference__will__be__put__offbecauseoftheweather.4.句型公式：不定式作后置定语刘洋是探索太空的第一位中国女性。Liu__Yang__is__the__first__Chinese__woman__to__explore__space.5.句型公式：Itissaidthat...据说油价不久会上涨。It__is__said__that__the__price__of__oil__will__go__up__soon.第一板块重点单词1.majorityn.大多数；大半高考必刷题练透单句语法填空/微写作①So，letusassumethathistoricalbuildingsarebothattractiveandimportanttothemajority(major)ofpeople.②ThewhiteareinthemajorityinAustraliawhilethenativepeopleintheminority.③Anagreementseemstobeimpossiblebecausethemajorityofthecommitteemembersare(be)againstit.④Itisevidentthatthemajorityofthedamageis(be)easytorepair.⑤大部分人认为普通的工作无聊甚至无价值。The__majority__of__people__consider__an__ordinary__job__boring__or__even__valueless.(广东卷·写作)状元笔记全记牢(1)a/themajorityof...大多数……beinthe/amajority构成大部分/大多数(2)majorn.&v.主修；专业majorin主修……；以……为专业【点津】the/amajorityof＋名词，表示“大多数”，谓语动词的数与of后面的名词相一致；themajority单独作主语时，谓语动词用单复数均可。【联想】minorityn.少数intheminority占少数2.occurvi.发生；出现高考必刷题练透用occur对比填空/一句多译eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(①Theideaoccurredtohiminadream.,②Didn’titoccurtoyoutoclosethewindow？))③我忽然想起来还没有交作业。eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(③－1Itstruckmethat,③－2Itoccurredtome,③－3Ithitmethat))thatIhadnothandedinmypaper.状元笔记全记牢sthoccurstosb某人突然想起某事Itoccurstosbthat...某人突然想起……Itoccurstosbtodosth某人突然想起做某事【联想】表达“某人突然想起……”的句型还有：主语句型事物或it①sthcomestosb②sthhits/strikessb③Itstrikes/hitssbthat...人①sbcomesupwithsth②sbhitson/uponsth3.apparentlyadv.显然地；显而易见地高考必刷题练透完成句子①As__is__apparently__shown__in__the__chart__above，thereareabout10%studentssupportingtheidea.正如上面图表中明确显示的那样，大约10%的学生支持这种观点。②It__is__apparent__thathewaslostinthought.显然他陷入了沉思。③用副词作状语改写练习②Apparently，he__was__lost__in__thought.状元笔记全记牢(1)Asisapparentlyshown/statedinthepicture/chart/passageabove...正如上面图画/图表/文中明显展示/陈述地那样……(2)apparentadj.显然的；显而易见的Itisapparentthat...显然……(＝apparently)Itisapparentfromsththat...从某物上很明显地看出……Itisapparenttosbthat...某人明白……4.hiren.&vt.租用；雇用高考必刷题练透单句语法填空①Therearemanybicyclesonhireinthisarea.②Therearethreesmallboatsavailableforhire.③Davidusedtohirehiscaroutsometimeswhenhedidn’tneedithimself.状元笔记全记牢(1)onhire出租forhire可供出租(2)hiresthout(tosb)把……租出去(给某人)5.electvt.选择；决定做某事；选举某人高考必刷题练透单句语法填空/单句改错①DonaldTrumpwas__elected(elect)asthenewpresidentoftheUnitedStates.②IfIamluckyenoughtowintheelection(elect)，thefirstthingIwilldoistoenrichourstudents’after－classactivities.③Hewaselectedthepresidentofthecompany，andthenewscame，infact，asasurprise.去掉第一个the状元笔记全记牢(1)electsb(as/tobe)＋职位＝beelected＋职位(职位前无冠词)(2)electionn.选举第二板块核心短语1.bymeansof通过；用……办法；借助于高考必刷题练透单句语法填空/完成句子①Theytriedallmeans，whichpossiblyare(be)helpful，butunfortunatelynotameanshas(have)workedsofar.②Only__by__this__means__is__itpossibletopersuadehimoutofsmoking.只有用这种方法才能说服他不抽烟。③Furthermore，bynomeansis__punishment__a__wise__choice__tohelpthemgrowupmentallyandphysically.此外，惩罚绝不是一个帮助他们在精神上和身体上健康成长的明智选择。状元笔记全记牢bythismeans用这种方法byallmeans当然可以；没问题bynomeans决不；一点也不(放在句首时，句子用部分倒装语序)【联想】means作“方式，方法”讲时，单复数同形。若all/some/several/manymeans作主语，谓语动词用复数形式；若every/each/one/ameans作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。2.takein包括；吸收；理解；欺骗；收留高考必刷题练透(1)写出下列句中takein的含义①Thisisthetotalcostoftheholiday，takingeverythingin.包括②Don’tbetakeninbyproductspromisingtomakeyouloseweightquickly.欺骗③Ifounditeasytotakeinwhattheteacherhadtaught.理解(2)根据提示完成片段④从父亲那里接管过这个公司之后，他吸收了一些先进的理念，雇用了一些娴熟的技术工人，这预示着他的公司即将腾飞。Aftertaking__overthecompanyfromhisfather，hetook__insomeadvancedideasandtook__onsomeskillfulworkers，whichsuggeststhathiscompanywilltake__offsoon.状元笔记全记牢takeoff起飞；匆匆离去；脱下；大获成功takeon呈现；雇用takeover接收，接管；取代takeapart使分开，拆开takeaway解除，消除takeback收回，退回第三板块经典句式That__is__whytodayover40%ofCaliforniansspeakSpanishasafirstorsecondlanguage.那就是今天有超过40%的加利福尼亚人把西班牙语作为第一或第二语言的原因。高考必刷题练透对比填空/微写作eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(①Hecamelate；thatisbecauseitwasraininghard.,②Itwasraininghard；thatwaswhyhecamelate.,③Thereasonwhyhecamelatewasthatitwasraining,hard.))④那就是我为什么申请这个职位的原因。That’s__why__I__apply__for__the__position.状元笔记全记牢this/thatiswhy...这/那就是……的原因this/thatisbecause...这/那是因为……thisisthereasonwhy...这就是……的原因thereasonwhy...isthat...……的原因是……Ⅰ.课文语法填空CaliforniaisthethirdlargeststateintheUSAwiththemostdevelopedeconomy.15，000yearsago，thefirst1.settlers(settle)crossedtheBeringStraitfromAsiaandarrivedinCalifornia.TheNativeAmericanssufferedgreatlyafterthe2.arrival(arrive)ofEuropeansinthe16thCentury.Inthe18thcentury，California3.was__ruled(rule)bySpainuntil1821whenthepeopleofMexicogainedtheir4.independence(depend)fromSpain.CaliforniathenbecamepartofMexico.But5.aftertheAmerican—Mexicanwarin1846，CaliforniawasgivenbacktotheUSA.In1848，inCaliforniagoldwasdiscovered，6.whichattractedpeoplefromallovertheworldtoarrivetheretoachievetheirdreamsof7.becoming(become)rich.In1850，Californiabecame8.the31ststateoftheUSAasamulticulturalsociety.9.Attracted(attract)bytheclimateandlifestyle，moreandmorepeoplefromdifferentpartsoftheworldhavebeenimmigratingtoCalifornia，10.including(include)Asians，Africans，AmericansandEuropeans.Ⅱ.课文短文改错Georgearrivedearlyonthemorningbybus.Hewentstraighttothehotelanddroppedhisluggage，thenhewentexplore.Thefirstthingwasarideoncablecar.FromtopofthehillhegetsaspectacularviewofSanFranciscoBayandthecity.Buildingin1873，thecablecarsystemwasinventedbyAndrewHallidie.Hewaswantedtofindabetterformoftransportthanhorse－drawntrams.Apparent，hehadbeenshockedwhenhesawaterribleaccidentinthatatramslippeddownthehilldraggingthehorseswithit.Withsomanyexploring，hewasexhaustingandhadarest.答案Georgearrivedearlyeq\f(on,in)themorningbybus.Hewentstraighttothehotelanddroppedhisluggage，thenhewenteq\f(explore,exploring).Thefirstthingwasarideoncablecar.Fromtopofthehillheeq\f(gets,got)aspectacularviewofSanFranciscoBayandthecity.eq\f(Building,Built)in1873，thecablecarsystemwasinventedbyAndrewHallidie.Heeq\a\vs4\al(was)wantedtofindabetterformoftransportthanhorse－drawntrams.eq\f(Apparent,Apparently)，hehadbeenshockedwhenhesawaterribleaccidentineq\f(that,which)atramslippeddownthehilldraggingthehorseswithit.Withsoeq\f(many,much)exploring，hewaseq\f(exhausting,exhausted)andhadarest.Ⅲ.单元要点微写作根据下面提示写一篇60词左右的短文介绍一位执着而又伟大的母亲。大多数医生认为她没有活下去的可能。然而，她的妈妈绝不放弃，因为她认为她女儿很可能会康复。为了保持她的勇气，妈妈做了所能够做的一切来安慰她。尽管有很多困难，他们最终得以成功。【参考范文】Themajorityofdoctorsagreedthatshehadnochanceofsurvival.However，bynomeansdidhermothergiveupbecauseshethoughtthatherdaughterwaslikelytorecoversoon.Tokeepuphercourage，themotherdidallshecouldtocomforther.Despitemuchhardship，theysucceededatlast.[主观题型专项练]Ⅰ.语法填空Therearemanytaxidriversinourcity.Mostofthemarekindandpolite.Theyarealwaysfondofchattingwithpassengers1.________(kill)timewhenthetaxisarecaughtintrafficjams.Theotherday，Iwenthomebytaxi.KnowingIwasastudent，thedrivertoldmethathewasonceastudenttwentyyearsago.2.________(fortunate)，hisfamilycouldnotaffordtheschoolfees，sohedroppedoutofschool3.________anearlyage.Heencouragedmetoworkhardandgotoagoodcollege.Iwasmovedbyhiskindness，but4.________reallyimpressedmewashishonesty.Afterarrivinghome.IsoonrealizedthatI5.________(leave)mymobilephoneinthetaxi.Greatly6.________(worry)，Iimmediatelycalledmynumber，7.________(pray)thedriverwouldanswer.Thencamethedriver’svoicefromtheotherend.Hetoldmehehadbeenexpectingmycalland8.________hewouldgladlyreturnmyphonewherehedroppedmeoff9.________(early)thatday.Thankstothedriver，Igotmyphoneback.Ibelievehonestyisoneofthegreatest10.________(quality)apersonshouldhave.Thankyoueversomuch，Mr.TaxiDriver.【语篇导读】作者把手机忘在了出租车上，诚实的司机接到作者的电话后在作者下车的地方归还了手机。1.tokill[根据语境可知，此处填不定式tokill作目的状语。]2.Unfortunately[根据下文可知，出租车司机曾因支付不了学费而辍学，这是件不幸的事。又因为所填单词在句中作状语，故填副词Unfortunately。]3.at[表示在某个年龄(段)，应用介词at。]4.what[此处所填内容作名词性从句的主语，故填what。]5.hadleft[此处的动作发生在谓语动词realized之前，应该用过去完成时。]6.worried[此处所填单词在句中作状语，故填worried，形容词作状语。]7.praying[此处所填单词在句中作伴随状语，和主语是逻辑上的主动关系，故填praying。]8.that[此处所填单词是宾语从句的连接词。第二个连接词that不能省略。]9.earlier[根据语境可知，此处指那天早些时候，填earlier。]10.qualities[oneof后接可数名词的复数形式，故此处填qualities。]Ⅱ.短文改错ThismorningIsawoffmyauntatrailwaystation.Thereweremanypassengerinthewaitingroom.Isawanoldladycryingsadbecauseshehadlostherticketandnotabletoaffordanotherone.Iwasthinkingabouthelpingherwhenamancomeuptocomforther.Thenheboughtheraticketwithhisownmoney.TheoldLadywassomovingthatshecouldhardlysayaword.Shegraspedhishandandaskedforhisnameoraddress.Butheonlysmileandsaid，“It’smypleasure.”Thenheleftawayquickly.Iwasgreatlymovedbysuchamanhewarmedotherswithhislove.答案ThismorningIsawoffmyauntatrailwaystation.Thereweremanyeq\f(passenger,passengers)inthewaitingroom.Isawanoldladycryingeq\f(sad,sadly)becauseshehadlostherticketandnotabletoaffordanotherone.Iwasthinkingabouthelpingherwhenamaneq\f(come,came)uptocomforther.Thenheboughtheraticketwithhisownmoney.TheoldLadywassoeq\f(moving,moved)thatshecouldhardlysayaword.Shegraspedhishandandaskedforhisnameeq\f(or,and)address.Butheonlyeq\f(smile,smiled)andsaid，“It’smypleasure.”Thenhelefteq\a\vs4\al(away)quickly.Iwasgreatlymovedbysuchamaneq\f(he,who)warmedotherswithhislove.Ⅲ.书面表达假定你是李华。你的美国笔友杰克最近情绪比较低落，请你根据所给提示用英文给他写一封电子邮件。内容主要包括：1.表示安慰；2.你的建议；3.愿意提供更多的帮助。注意：1.词数100左右(开头和结尾已为你写好，但不计入总词数)；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearJack，I’msorrytohearthatyouhavebeeninlowspiritsrecently.Yours，LiHua【参考范文】Dear__Jack，I’m__sorry__to__hear__that__you__have__been__in__low__spirits__recently.Allofushavelowspiritsforknownorunknownreasonssometimes，sodon’tbediscouraged.Cheerupanddosomethingtochangeyoursituation.Herearemysuggestions.First，takesometimetorestandthink.Setyourworkasidetemporarily，andtrytofindwhathasledyoutobeinlowspirits.Thenfacetheproblems.Second，talktoyourparents，relativesandfriends.Thatwillhelpremoveyourpressure.Besides，youcansparemoretimetodosomesportssuchasrunningandwalking，whichwillhelpraiseyourspiritsandgiveyouinspiration.Iwillalwaysbereadytogiveyouahandwhennecessary.Yours，Li__Hua[语基阶段回扣练],(回扣B7U4－B8U1))Ⅰ.单元基础知识(根据提示补全句子)1.不久他的头伸出窗外，从那里他只能看到一些树。(fromwhere定语从句)Hisheadsoonappearedoutofthewindow，from__where__he__could__seenothing__but__trees.2.我们的运动会是在操场举行的。(itis...that...强调句)It__was__on__the__playground__thatoursportsmeetingwasheld.3.他没听懂问题，所以他的回答没有切中要害。(that’swhy)Hedidnotunderstandthequestion.That’s__why__his__answer__was__nottothepoint.4.这是我有生以来第一次参加如此盛大的庆典。(thisisthefirsttimethat...)This__is__the__first__time__in__my__life__that__I__have__taken__partinsuchagrandcelebration.5.她说，今后该病毒可能会继续在年轻人群间引发严重疾病。(itislikelythat)“It__is__likely__that__the__virus__will__continue__to__cause__serious__diseaseinyoungeragegroups，”shesaid.6.这件上衣就颜色来说还不错，但质量不太好。(asfaras...beconcerned)Thecoatisfineas__far__as__color__is__concerned，butitsqualityisnotverygood.7.长途跋涉之后，他们来到了被称之为“戈壁滩”的地方。(what从句作宾语)Afteralongjourney，theycametowhat__was__called“GebiDesert”.8.我一直忙于准备考试，以至于我没有时间出去购物。(so...that)Ihavebeenso__occupied__in__preparing__for__the__exam__thatIhaven’thadtimetogoshopping.9.与整个地球的大小相比，最大的海洋似乎一点也不大。(过去分词作状语)Compared__with__the__size__of__the__whole__earth，thebiggestoceandoesnotseembigatall.10.他的确来过，但很快就回去了。(do的强调用法)He__did__comebutsoonwentback.11.老师告诉我们何时举行晚会还没有决定。(疑问词＋不定式)Ourteachertolduswhen__to__have__a__partyhadn’tbeendecided.12.据说在1891年12月21日，历史上第一次篮球比赛开始。(Itisbelieved/saidthat...)It__is__believed/said__thatonDecember21st，1891，thefirstbasketballgameinhistorywasplayed.Ⅱ.单元语法专练一、用适当的连接词填空1.Whatsurprisesmemostisthatheistoovain