美国黑人民权运动课件

HowcanwecallthoseblackpeopleAfricanAmericanNegroSpanishword"black"”Negro/NiggerDarkieBlackAfricanAmerican美国黑人民权运动黑人牙膏DarkieIn1985,anAmericancompanyboughtthistoothpastecompanyandchangeditsname.Darliedisrespectful美国黑人民权运动African-AmericanCivilRightsMovement美国黑人民权运动Outline1.Briefintroduction2.Backgroundinformation3.Majorevents4.Influence美国黑人民权运动WhatiscivilrightsmovementThecivilrightsmovementwasamasspopularmovementtosecureforAfricanAmericansequalaccesstoandopportunitiesforthebasicprivilegesandrightsofU.S.citizenship.Thecivilrightsmovementwasthelargestsocialmovementofthe20thcenturyintheUnitedStates.Itinfluencedthemodernwomen'srightsmovementandthestudentmovementofthe1960s.美国黑人民权运动Althoughtherootsofthemovementgobacktothe19thcentury,itpeakedinthe1950sand1960s.AfricanAmericanmenandwomen,alongwithwhites,organizedandledthemovementatnationalandlocallevels.Theypursuedtheirgoalsthroughlegalmeans,negotiations,petitions,andnonviolentprotestdemonstrations.美国黑人民权运动2.HistoricalbackgroundEarlyinitshistory,blackAfricanswerebroughttoAmericaasslaves.Theywereboughtandsold,likeanimals.美国黑人民权运动Nearly100yearsaftertheEmancipationProclamation,AfricanAmericansinSouthernstatesstillinhabitedastarklyunequalworldofdisenfranchisement,segregationandvariousformsofoppression,includingrace-inspiredviolence."JimCrow"laws(美国针对黑人实施的种族隔离法案)atthelocalandstatelevelsbarredthemfromclassroomsandbathrooms,fromtheatersandtraincars,fromjuriesandlegislatures.美国黑人民权运动EducationForevery$150.000spentonwhitechildrenatthe"whiteschools"only$50.000wasspentonAfricanAmericanchildrenatthe"blackschools."TheparentsoftheAfricanAmericanchildrenthoughtthattheirschoolwasnottreatedasfairlybecausetheywerecolored.Theydidnothavethemostcurrenttextbooks,notenoughschoolsupplies,andovercrowdedclassrooms.美国黑人民权运动

"Blackelementaryschool"

"Whiteelementaryschool"美国黑人民权运动3.Majorevents美国黑人民权运动BrownDecision--SeparationIsInherentlyIllegalThe1954U.S.SupremeCourtdecisionBrownv.BoardofEducationofTopeka,Kansasusheredinanewerainthestruggleforcivilrights.Thislandmarkdecisionoutlawedracialsegregationinpublicschools.1954美国黑人民权运动OnDecember1,1955RosaParksrefusedtogiveupherseatforawhitepassenger.arresteddemandamorehumanebustransportationsystemlastedformorethanayear1955美国黑人民权运动美国黑人民权运动美国黑人民权运动Sit-insInFebruary1960,fourAfricanAmericanstudentssatdownatasegregatedlunchcounterinalocalstoreinGreensboro,NorthCarolina.Theyrefusedtoleaveuntiltheywereserved.1960美国黑人民权运动1961Inthespringof1961,civilrightsactivistsvolunteeredas“FreedomRiders”toridebusesintosegregatedterminalsthroughouttheSouth.InMaybusloadsofFreedomRiderswereattackedbymobsintheAlabamacitiesofAnnistonandBirmingham.美国黑人民权运动美国黑人民权运动1963TheMarchonWashington

wasorganizedbyagroupofcivilrights,labor,andreligiousorganizationsunderthetheme"jobs,andfreedom."Estimatesofthenumberofparticipantsvariedfrom200,000(police)toover300,000(leadersofthemarch).About80%ofthemarcherswereAfricanAmericansandtherestwerewhiteandotherethnicgroups.ThemarchbeganattheWashingtonMonumentandendedattheLincolnMemorialwithaprogramofmusicandspeakers.美国黑人民权运动美国黑人民权运动1964Dr.MartinLutherKingJr.delivered"IHaveaDream"speechtohundredsofthousandsattheMarchonWashington.美国黑人民权运动…Ihaveadreamthatmyfourlittlechildrenwillonedayliveinanationwheretheywillnotbejudgedbythecoloroftheirskinbutbythecontentoftheircharacter.Ihaveadreamtoday…美国黑人民权运动MeaningfulcivilrightslawsAmassivefederalworksprogramFullandfairemploymentDecenthousingTherighttovoteAdequateintegratededucationsixofficialgoals:美国黑人民权运动Dr.MartinLutherKing,JreventuallybecametheleaderoftheCivilRightsMovement.美国黑人民权运动

美国黑人民权运动1964CongresspassedCivilRightsAct

declaringdiscriminationbasedonraceillegalafter75-daylongargument.美国黑人民权运动1965ThepassageoftheVotingRightsActof1965helpedpavethewayformoreAfricanAmericanstovote.TheVotingRightsActof1965alsohelpedotherminorities.ItsetasideaNewYorkstatelawrequiringvoterstobeabletoreadEnglish,enablingsuchgroupsasPuertoRicansandMexicanAmericanstovote.美国黑人民权运动美国黑人民权运动EdwardBrooke,electedfirstblackU.S.senatorin85years.1966美国黑人民权运动1968OnApril4,1968Dr.MartinLutherKing,Jr.,wasassassinatedbyasniperashestoodonthebalconyofhishotelroominMemphis,TN.HewastheretosupporttheAfricanAmericansanitationworkers.Hewasplanninganationalpoorpeople’scampaigntopromoteeconomicgainsforAfricanAmericansandpoorpeople.美国黑人民权运动LaterDevelopment1973--MaynardJackson,firstblackelectedmayorofa

majorSouthernU.S.city.1975--

VotingRightsActextended.1988

--CongresspassesCivilRightsRestorationAct

overPresidentReagan'sveto.1989--L.DouglasWilder(Virginia)becomesfirstblack

electedgovernor.美国黑人民权运动1991--CivilrightsmuseumopensatKing

assassination

siteinMemphis.美国黑人民权运动2009--BarackObamatooktheofficeofwhitehousein

2009美国黑人民权运动InfluenceReconstructionoftheImageandConfidenceofAfricanAmericansImpactontheOtherDisadvantagedGroupsStrongFaithinEquityMoreStableAmericanSociety美国黑人民权运动TheCivilRightsMovementitselfwastheprocessoftheAfricanAmericans'findingtheirown

values,increasingself-awareness,improvingthesocialstatus.ItpointedouttoAfricanAmericansthattheyshouldbeequalwithanyoneelsebothonspiritandmental,andtheyshouldhavetherightsofbeingequalinspirit.“Whatisyourblood?”

“IamaAfricanAmerican.”

“IamproudofbeinganAfricanAmerican.”4.1美国黑人民权运动4.2Women,Hispanics,andNativeAmericans---foundnewhopeintheAfricanAmerican’sstruggleandformedmovementsoftheirown.Becauseofcivilrightsstruggle,manyAmericansbegantoquestionthestatusofAmericansocietyandthepoliciesofthegovernment.UndertheinfluenceoftheAfricanAmericans,thesedisadvantagedgroups’strugglemadegreatimprovement.美国黑人民权运动4.3UnderthepromotionofAfricanAmericanCivilRightsMovement,theconceptofequalityenjoyedpopularandtheoppressedAmericansfoughttogether,formingthemassivesocialmovementinthelatesixtiesearlyseventies.OnDecember,5th,2008,AmericansfinallywelcometheirfirstAfricanAmeri