高三英语一轮复习之定语从句课件

定语从句●

单句填空1.[2022·全国甲卷]Onthe1,100-kilometrejourney,themanCaoShengkang,

losthiseyesightattheageofeightinacaraccident,crossed40citiesandcountiesinthreeprovinces.

高考链接who[解析]考查非限制性定语从句。此处是非限制性定语从句,先行词为CaoShengkang,指人,空处在从句中作主语。故填who。2.[2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷]TheGPNPisintendedtoprovidestrongerprotectionforallthespecies

livewithintheGiantPandaRangeandsignificantlyimprovethehealthoftheecosysteminthearea.

高考链接that[解析]考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句,先行词为thespecies,被all修饰,关系代词只能用that。3.[2021·天津3月考改编]AttheChineseartfestival,therearedifferentstands

artistsdemonstratetheirskillsandteachthevisitors.

高考链接where

[解析]考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导定语从句,在从句中作地点状语,修饰先行词stands,故应用关系副词where。4.[2020·全国新高考Ⅰ卷]The80,000objectscollectedbySirHansSloane,forexample,formedthecorecollectionoftheBritishMuseum

openedin1759.

高考链接which/that[解析]考查定语从句。此处是限制性定语从句,先行词是theBritishMuseum,关系词在从句中作主语,应使用关系代词which或that引导。故填which/that。5.[2020·全国卷Ⅲ]InancientChinalivedanartist

paintingswerealmostlifelike.

高考链接[解析]考查定语从句。此处引导定语从句,修饰先行词artist,且关系词在从句中作定语,修饰paintings,故应用关系代词whose。故填whose。whose考点解读考点一关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词先行词句法功能例句who人主语、宾语、表语

Somepeoplewhoaresuccessfullanguagelearnersoftenfailinotherfields.有些成功的语言学习者,在其他领域常常会失败。whom人宾语

Theauthorwhom/whoyoucriticizedinyourreviewhaswrittenareply.你在评论中批评的那位作者已经回复了。考点解读关系代词先行词句法功能例句whose(=ofwhom/ofwhich)人或物定语

Myeldestson,whoseworktakeshimallovertheworld,isinNewYorkatthemoment.我的大儿子目前在纽约,他的工作让他全世界到处跑。(续表)考点解读关系代词先行词句法功能例句that人或物主语、宾语

Thelittleproblemsthat/whichwemeetinourdailylivesmaybeinspirationforgreatinventions.我们在日常生活中遇到的那些小问题有可能会成为伟大发明的灵感。(续表)考点解读关系代词先行词句法功能例句which物主语、宾语

ChinaTodayattractsaworldwidereadership,whichshowsthatmoreandmorepeopleallovertheworldwanttolearnaboutChina.《今日中国》吸引了世界各地的读者,这表明世界上越来越多的人想了解中国。(续表)考点解读关系代词先行词句法功能例句as人或物主语、宾语

Asisknowntousall,waterisnecessarytosupportlife.众所周知,水是维持生命所必需的。注:关系代词在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可以省略。(续表)[温馨提示]下列情况只用that不用which:①先行词是all,something,everything,anything,nothing,little,much,few等不定代词;②先行词被all,any,every,no,little,much,some等词修饰;③先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰或先行词本身是序数词;④先行词被theonly,thevery(正是,恰是),thelast修饰;⑤先行词中既有人又有物。考点解读考点二关系副词引导的定语从句考点解读关系副词引导的定语从句

when,where,why的先行词分别是表示时间、地点、原因的名词,并且在从句中作状语。特殊用法

(1)当先行词为一些表示抽象地点的名词,如point,situation,case,stage等时,如果引导词在从句中作状语,常用关系副词where引导定语从句;

(2)当先行词way意为“方法,方式”,且在从句中作状语时,可用that,inwhich或省略关系词这三种形式。考点三“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句若介词放在关系代词之前,关系代词指人时常用whom,指物时常用which。Tradingleathershoesisthebusinessto

whichtheGreensaredevoted.皮鞋贸易是格林一家所致力的事业。LastSundayIboughtsomebooksfromthebookstore,threeof

whichwereEnglishnovels.上周日我从书店买了一些书,其中三本是英文小说。考点解读考点解读[温馨提示]“介词+which/whom”引导的定语从句中介词的确定:(1)根据从句中动词、形容词等与介词的习惯搭配来确定。Doyouknowthegirlwith/towhomtheteachertalkedjustnow?你认识刚才和老师谈话的那个女孩吗?(talk意为“交谈”时,常与with或to搭配)(2)根据定语从句中先行词与介词的习惯搭配来确定。Theyarecollectinginformationinpreparationforthedayonwhichthetwosidessitdownandtalk.他们正在收集信息为双方坐下来和谈的那一天做准备。(3)根据语义表达的需要来确定。Knowledgeisthewingswith

whichwerealizeourdreams.知识是我们借以实现梦想的翅膀。(with表示用某种手段、工具)考点四as,which引导的非限制性定语从句as作关系代词引导非限制性定语从句时,指代整个主句,意为“正如,正像”,as引导的句子可放在句首、句末或句中;which引导定语从句指代整句话的内容时,只能位于句末。考点解读Thenumberofsmokers,asisreported,hasdroppedby17percentinjustoneyear.正如报道的那样,吸烟者的数量仅在一年内就已经减少了百分之十七。Hefailedintheexam,whichmadehisfatherveryangry.他在考试中失利,这使得他爸爸非常生气。[温馨提示]as常用在下列习惯用语中:as(it)oftenhappens,asIcanremember,asisoftenthecase,asisexpected,asisknowntous,asisshown等。考点解读

单句填空1.DrRowan,

secretaryresignedtwoweeksago,hashadtodoallhisowntyping.

实战演练whose

[解析]考查定语从句。此句是非限制性定语从句,修饰DrRowan,引导词在从句中作定语,表示“DrRowan's”,应用关系代词whose。故填whose。2.Theirchildisatthestage

shecansayindividualwordsbutnotfullsentences.

实战演练where

[解析]考查定语从句。空格处引导定语从句,先行词是thestage,空格处在从句中作地点状语,故填where。实战演练3.Wewillputoffthepicnicintheparkuntilnextweek,

theweathermaybebetter.

[解析]考查定语从句。先行词为nextweek,引导词在后面的定语从句中作时间状语,故用when。when4.Likeanything,itispossibletohavetoomuchofboth,

isnotgoodforthehealth.

实战演练which[解析]考查定语从句。此处用which引导非限制性定语从句,指代整个主句的内容,并在定语从句中充当主语。5.ButSarah,

hastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodels,wantstoprovethatshehasbrainsaswellasbeauty.

实战演练who[解析]考查定语从句。空格处引导定语从句,修饰先行词Sarah,并在从句中作主语,故填who。6.

isreported,itismorethan100yearssinceBeijingUniversitywasfounded.

实战演练As[解析]考查定语从句。as作关系代词引导非限制性定语从句时,指代整个主句,意为“正如,正像”。7.Scientistshaveadvancedmanytheoriesaboutwhyhumanbeingscrytears,noneof

hasbeenproved.

实战演练which[解析]考查定语从句。此处为“介词+关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为theories,故用which。8.Thereason

IwritethislettertoyouisthatIhaveaprobleminrespectofthewritingstyle.

实战演练why[解析]考查定语从句。名词reason后为定语从句且在从句中作原因状语,应使用关系副词替代,故填why。9.Whatbeganasatwo-weektripquicklyturnedintojourneys

,bothstartingandfinishinginmidwinter,lastedtheentireyear.

实战演练that/which[解析]考查定语从句。此处为定语从句修饰先行词journeys,从句缺少主语,指物,故用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。10.Later,themedicinewastestedonmalariapatients,mostof

recovered.

实战演练whom[解析]考查定语从句。patients是先行词,whom在定语从句中作介词of的宾语,指代人,故填whom。

语法填空实战演练【文章大意】本文为一篇新闻报道,介绍了位于印度北部的世界上最大的冰屋咖啡厅。[解析]考查介词。bemadeof表示“由……制成”。bemadeof表示制成成品后,仍可看出原材料。故填of。Theworld'slargestigloocafe(冰屋咖啡厅)canbefoundinnorthernIndia.Aniglooisashelterthatisusuallyroundandismade1.

snowandice.ofButthecafewillnotexistfortoomuchlonger.The40-seatbusiness2.

(expect)tomeltawaysometimeinMarch.

实战演练isexpected[解析]考查动词时态和短语用法。beexpectedtodosth意为“预计,有望做某事”。根据语境及上文时态可知,此处应用一般现在时,应填isexpected。ItisattheHimalayanwintersportsresort,3.

is50kilometressouthwestofSrinagarand2,500metresabovesealevel.WasimShahisthe4.

(create)ofthecafe.实战演练[解析]

3.考查定语从句。先行词为wintersportsresort,指物,非限制性定语从句缺少主语,故应填关系代词which。4.考查词形转换。根据句意“瓦西姆·沙阿是这家咖啡馆的创建者”可知,应填名词形式。whichcreator实战演练[解析]考查非谓语动词。此处为过去分词作后置定语,表示被动。built实战演练[解析]6.考查非谓语动词。Ittakessb+一段