广东省2022年中考英语复习学案-专题三数词

专题三数词考点广东省卷近5年中考统计情况201720182019202020211.基数词√√2.序数词√√√√常考基数词、序数词一览表1-12基数词序数词缩写13-19基数词序数词缩写onefirst1stthirteenthirteenth13thtwosecond2ndfourteenfourteenth14ththreethird3rdfifteenfifteenth15thfourfourth4thsixteensixteenth16thfivefifth5thseventeenseventeenth17thsixsixth6theighteeneighteenth18thsevenseventh7thnineteennineteenth19theighteighth8th整十、整百基数词序数词缩写nineninth9thtwentytwentieth20thtententh10ththirtythirtieth30theleveneleventh11thfortyfortieth40th续表1-12基数词序数词缩写13-19基数词序数词缩写twelvetwelfth12thfiftyfiftieth50th两位数和多位数(整数除外)基数词序数词缩写sixtysixtieth60thseventyseventieth70thtwenty-onetwenty-first21steightyeightieth80thninety-fiveninety-fifth95thninetyninetieth90thonehundredandoneonehundredandfirst101sthundredhundredth100th注意:基数词变序数词的规律1.无规律变化:first,second,third2.4-19的变化规则:在基数词词尾加th,特殊:fifth,eighth,ninth,twelfth3.20-90的整十位数,把y变成ie再加th:twenty—twentieth,forty—fortieth4.两位数和多位数(整数除外)的基数词,只需把个位变成序数词:twenty-one—twenty-first【考点一】基数词的用法用法示例(1)1以上的基数词放在可数名词前,名词要用复数形式。pieceof,pairof等短语后不管接可数名词还是不可数名词,of前的量词前有大于1的数词时,量词都要用复数形式。Ihavea/onebrotherandtwosisters.我有一个弟弟和两个妹妹。(2)“基数词+名词”构成复合形容词时,数词和名词之间应用连字符“-”连接:数词大于1时,名词也不能用复数形式。We'llhaveatwo-weekholiday.我们将有一个为期两周的假期。(3)hundred,thousand,million和billion的用法①这些词前有确定数字时,词后都不加-s。one/ahundredcars一百辆汽车threethousandapples三千个苹果②这些词前没有确定数字时,词后加-s,且后面接of。hundredsoftrees成百上千的树木thousandsofbooks成千上万的书籍③这些词前有相对具体数词(如several,afew等)时,词后不加-s,也不接of。severalhundredtourists几百个游客【考点·练】(B)1.Everyyear,_______booksaregivenawaytothepoorchildreninthecountryside.

A.thousand B.thousandsofC.thousandof D.thousands(B)2.Wegaveaway_______bookstotheschoollibrarylastyear.

A.sixthousands B.sixthousandC.sixthousandsof D.sixthousandof(A)3.—Howmanybooksarethereontheshelf?—Well.Ithinkthereare_______books.

A.twohundredandforty-six B.twohundredsandfortyC.twohundredfourteen D.twohundredfortieth(B)4.Theyworkedfor_______days,andfinishedthe_______tasksuccessfully.

A.twelve;two B.twelve;second C.twelfth;two D.twelfth;second【考点二】序数词的基本用法用法示例(1)序数词在句子中主要用作定语,因此,前面要加定冠词the。Januaryisthefirstmonthoftheyear.一月是一年中的第一个月。(2)序数词前不用the的情况①序数词前有物主代词时。ThisismythirdvisittoBeijing.这是我第三次来北京参观。②序数词用于固定搭配时。firstofall首先;everythirdday每三天③在日期表达中。May(the)1st5月1日④并列使用两个序数词时,后面序数词前的定冠词省略。theeighthandninthpages第八页和第九页(3)序数词起副词的作用,作状语时,前面一般不用冠词。Hecamesecondintherace.他比赛中获得了第二名。(4)表示“再一、又一”时,序数词前一般用不定冠词。We'llhavetodoitasecondtime.我们得重做一次。【考点·练】(C)1.Thereare_______peopleinDale'sfamily.Theyliveonthe_______floor.

A.five;nine B.fifth;nine C.five;ninth D.fifth;ninth(D)2.Pleasepassme_______bookontheright.

A.four B.fourth C.thefour D.thefourth(B)3.Theapartmenthas_______floorsandMrGreenlivesonthe_______floor.

A.twelfth;twelfth B.twelve;twelfth C.twelfth;twelve D.twelve;twelve【考点三】其他重点用法1.表达年、月、日用法示例(1)年和年代用基数词,多用阿拉伯数字表示。in1997在1997年(2)表示“几十年代”用整十的基数词的复数。inthe1980s在20世纪80年代(3)表示“某日”,书写形式可以用基数词,也可以用序数词。读时一般按序数词形式。英语年、月、日的排列顺序为:月→日→年或日→月→年。如果用of结构只能是:日→月→年。August8(th),2017/8(th)August,2017/the8thofAugust,20172017年8月8日(4)表达世纪①可以用定冠词加序数词加century(世纪)表示inthesixth/6thcentury在6世纪②世纪可以用定冠词加百位进数加-s/-'s表示inthe1900s/1900's在20世纪年份的读法①一般情况下,将表示年份的四个数字按前后分为两组,每一组的数字都按基数词读1898年读作:eighteenninety-eight②如果前两个数字为非“零”数字,后两位数分别为“零”,则先读出前两位数,然后将后面的两个“零”读为hundred。1900年读作:nineteenhundred③第三个数字为“零”(其他数字不是“零”)的年份,将该“零”读为O〔əʊ〕。1809年读作:eighteenOnine续表用法示例④表示年份的四个数字;中间两个数字为“零”的年份,有两种读法:前两位数字按基数词读整十,第三个数字读O〔əʊ〕,第四位数字读基数词;或者用“...thousandand...”。2008年读作:twentyOeight或twothousandandeight⑤非四位数的年份,有两种读法:按照基数词的方法来读或者一个一个数字来读。531BC读作:fivethreeoneBC或fivehundredandthirty-oneBC2.表达编号用法示例编号的表示法:名词(首字母大写)+基数词(首字母大写)=the+序数词(首字母小写)+名词(首字母小写)=名词(首字母大写)+阿拉伯数字。UnitFive=thefifthunit=Unit5第五单元PageFour=thefourthpage=Page4第四页但如果数字较大时,特别是房间、公交车号等,多用“名词+阿拉伯数字”形式。Room308308号房间BusNo.3三路公共汽车3.表达页码、段落用法示例表示第几页或第几段用“Page/Paragraph+基数词”或“the+序数词+page/paragraph”PleaseturntoPagefourandreadthefourthparagraph.请翻到第四页,读第四段。4.表达时刻时间顺读法逆读法规律six(o'clock)/表达时刻用基数词顺读法:小时+分钟逆读法:先读分钟后读小时sixthirtyhalfpastsix①分钟小于或等于30用past8:28=twentyeightpasteight②分钟大于30用to,分钟数用60减,小时数要加1(差多少分钟到下一钟点)8:52=eight(60-52)tonine(8+1)③半小时用half,一刻钟(15分钟)用quarter4:15=aquarterpastfour④一个半小时:onehourandahalf=oneandahalfhourssixfifteenaquarterpastsixsixforty-fiveaquartertosevensixtentenpastsixsixfifty-twoeighttoseven5.表达年龄用法示例(1)一般直接用基数词表示Herdaughteriseighteen.她的女儿18岁。(2)用“基数词+yearsold”表示Herdaughteriseighteenyearsold.她的女儿18岁。(3)“基数词+名词+old”也可以构成复合形容词,表示“……岁的”,此结构常作定语,三个词之间都用连字符连接,前面的数字大于1时,中间的名词词尾也不能加-sAthree-year-oldboyisplayingwithhissisterongrass.一个3岁的小男孩正在草地上同他姐姐一起玩耍。(4)“几十岁”,用整十的基数词的复数。inhiseighties在他80多岁时6.倍数与度量单位的表达法倍数的表达一倍=once两倍=twice三倍以上=基数词+times度量单位的表达1厘米=1centimeter3英尺=3feet2英寸=2inches9米深=9metersdeep10米宽=10meterswide11米长=11meterslong6千米=6kilometers(km)4千克=4kilograms(kg)5磅=5pounds示例Thisbookistwicethickerthanthatone.这本书比那本书厚两倍(这本书是那本书的三倍厚)。Theyhavedonethreetimesasmuchhouseworkaswedo.他们做的家务活是我们的三倍。7.分数、小数、百分数的表达分数的表达分子用基数词,分母用序数词1/3onethird;1/9oneninth分子大于“1”,分母则加“s”2/3twothirds;7/8seveneighths一些特殊的词1/2a(one)half;1/4onefourth或a(one)quarter3/4threefourths或threequarters小数的表达表示有小数的词用基数词,小数点读point,0读o〔əʊ〕或zero,小数点后的数字按个位基数词依次读出即可。7.05sevenpointzerofive3.14159threepointonefouronefivenine百分数的表达百分数由基数词+percent来表示(先读基数词,再读百分号)50%fiftypercent0.8%zeropointeightpercent注意:分数作主语时,谓语动词要根据分数后的名词来确定,如果是不可数名词就要用单数,是可数名词复数则用复数。如:①OnethirdofthestudentsinourclasshavebeentotheGreatWall.我们班三分之一的学生去过长城。②Fourfifthsofthewaterisdrunkbythechildren.五分之四的水被孩子们喝了。【考点·练】(A)1.Lastyear,onehundredEnglishteacherstookpartinthe_______EnglishSummerTraining.

A.two-month B.two-months C.twomonths D.twomonth(B)2.About_______ofthestudentsinGradeNinethisyearwereborninthe_______.

A.threefive;1996 B.threefifths;1990s C.thirdfifth;1997 D.thirdfifths;1990s(D)3.ThewordsfromPage1toPage3areveryclear.Buttheonesonthe_______pagearenot.

A.first B.two C.three D.fourth(A)4.Whatdoyouthinkisthegreatestinventionsof_______century?

A.thetwentieth B.twentieth C.twenty D.thetwenty(B)1.(2019·襄阳中考)—IsDongjinHigh-speedRailwayStationthe_______largestinHubeiProvince?

—Yes,ofcourse.It'sjustalittlesmallerthanthelargestoneinWuhan.A.first B.second C.third D.fourth(B)2.(2020·黔南州中考)Tomorrowwearegoingtocelebratemydeargrandpa's_______birthday.

A.eighty B.eightieth C.eight D.eighth(A)3.(2020·鄂州中考)Becauseofthespecialsituationthisyear,about_______ofthestudentsinourschool_______havingclassesontheInternetathome.

A.twothirds;are B.twothird;isC.secondthirds;are D.twothirds;is(C)4.(2020·益阳中考)Weallknowthat_______birdsflytoDongtingLakeinwinter.

A.million B.millions C.millionsof D.millionof(B)5.(2020·广元中考)Therearefiftystudentsinthisclass,_______ofthemareboys,sothenumberoftheboysis30.

A.threefifth B.threefifths C.threefive D.thirdfive(D)6.(2020·百色中考)Theenvironmentherebecomesbetterandbetter._______birdsarecomingback.

A.Hundred B.Hundreds C.Thousand D.Thousandsof(B)7.(2021·达州中考)Mymotherwillbe_______yearsoldnextweek.I'mplanningtobuyagiftforher_______birthday.

A.fourty;fourtieth B.forty;fortiethC.fourty;fortieth D.forty;fourtieth(B)8.(2021·泸州中考)—WhenwastheCommunistPartyofChinafounded?—In1921.It'sher_______birthdaythisyear.

A.hundred B.hundredth C.hundredsof D.thehundredth(B)9.(2021·武威中考)—What'stwentyandfifty?—It's_______.

A.fifty B.seventy C.eighty D.ninety(B)10.(2021·黔东南州中考)About_______ofthestudentsinKaili_______toschoolbybus.

A.twofifth;go B.twofifths;go C.twofifth;goes D.twofifths;goes语法选择Inafar-awayplace,therewasavillage.Thevillagewasricherinpotatoesthananywhereelseinthecountry.Attheendofeverygrowingseason,1potatoesweredugoutoftheground,andreadiedformarket.Ineachhome,menandwomenwould2dividethepotatoesintothreegroups—large,mediumandsmall.

Oneyear,therewasayoungman3receivedhisshareofthepotatoes.Astheothervillagerswereworking,hewalkedaroundthevillagelaughingandtalking.4villagersthoughthewaslazy,andtheyworriedthatthismanwouldneverget5potatoesreadyintime.Whenitwastimeforthevillagerstogotomarket,theyweregr