2022年全国甲卷英语高考真题（含答案解析）

2022年全国甲卷英语高考真题

学校:姓名：班级：考号：

一、阅读理解

TheatresandEntertainment

StDavid'sHall

StDavid'sHallistheawardwinningNationalConcertHallofWalesstandingatthe

veryheartofCardiff'sentertainmentcentre.Withanimpressive2,000-seatconcerthall,St

David9sHallishometotheannualWelshPromsCardiff.Itpresentsliveentertainment,

includingpop,rock,folk,jazz,musicals,dance,worldmusic,filmsandclassicalmusic.

TheHayes,CardiffCF101AH

www.stdavidshallcardilf.co.uk

TheGleeClub

Everyweekendthisis“Wales“premiercomedyclubwherehavingagreattimeisthe

orderforbothaudiencesandcomedystarsalike.Itishardtonameacomedystarwhohasn't

beenonthestagehere.Ifyouarelookingforthebestcomediesontourandbrilliantlive

music,youshouldstarthere.

MermaidQuay,CardiffBay,CardiffCF105BZ

www.glee.co.uk/cardiff

ShermanCymru

ShermanCymru'stheatreintheCathaysareaofCardiffreopenedinFebruary2012.This

specialbuildingisaplaceinwhichtheatreismadeandwherechildren,artists,writersand

anyoneelsehavetheopportunity（札L会）todocreativethings.ShermanCymruisexcitedto

presentapackedprogrammeoftheverybesttheatre,dance,familyshowsandmusicfrom

Walesandtherestoftheworld.

SenghennyddRoad,CardiffCF244YE

www.shermancymru.co.uk

NewTheatre

TheNewTheatrehasbeenthehomeofqualitydrama,musicals,danceandchildren's

showsformorethan100years.PresentingthebestoftheWestEndalongwiththepickofthe

UK'stouringshows,theNewTheatreisCardiff'soldestsurvivingtraditionaltheatre.Besure

topayavisitaspartofyourstayinthecity.

ParkPlace,CardiffCF103LN

www.newtheatrecardiff.co.uk

WhereistheWelshPromsCardiffhosted?

AttheNewTheatre.AttheGleeClub.

C.AtShermanCymru.AtStDavid'sHall.

WhatcanpeopledoattheGleeClub?

Watchmusicals.Enjoycomedies.

Seefamilyshows.Docreativethings.

WhichwebsitecanyouvisittolearnaboutCardiff'soldestsurvivingtheatre?

www.newtheatrecardiff.co.ukB.www.shermancymru.co.uk

C.www.glee.co.uk/cardiffD.www.stdavidshallcardiff.co.uk

Goffin'scockatoos,akindofsmallparrotnativetoAustralasia,havebeenshowntohave

similarshape-recognitionabilitiestoahumantwo-year-old.Thoughnotknowntousetoolsin

thewild,thebirdshaveprovedskilfulattoolusewhilekeptinthecage.Inarecent

experiment,cockatooswerepresentedwithaboxwithanutinsideit.Theclearfrontofthe

boxhada“keyhole“inageometricshape,andthebirdsweregivenfivedifferentlyshaped

“keys"tochoosefrom.Insertingthecorrect"key"wouldletoutthenut.

Inhumans,babiescanputaroundshapeinaroundholefromaroundoneyearofage,

butitwillbeanotheryearbeforetheyareabletodothesamewithlesssymmetrical（对称的）

shapes.Thisabilitytorecognizethatashapewillneedtobeturnedinaspecificdirection

beforeitwillfitiscalledan<4allocentricframeofreference,\Intheexperiment,Goffin's

cockatooswereabletoselecttherighttoolforthejob,inmostcases,byvisualrecognition

alone.Wheretrial-and-errorwasused,thecockatoosdidbetterthanmonkeysinsimilartests.

ThisindicatesthatGoffin'scockatoosdoindeedpossessanallocentricframeofreference

whenmovingobjectsinspace,similartotwo-year-oldbabies.

Thenextstep,accordingtotheresearchers,istotryandworkoutwhetherthecockatoos

relyentirelyonvisualclues（线索）,oralsouseasenseoftouchinmakingtheirshape

selections.

4.Howdidthecockatoosgetthenutfromtheboxintheexperiment?

A.Byfollowinginstructions.B.Byusingatool.

C.Byturningtheboxaround.D.Byremovingthelid.

5.Whichtaskcanhumanone-year-oldsmostlikelycompleteaccordingtothetext?

A.Usingakeytounlockadoor.B.Tellingparrotsfromotherbirds.

C.Puttingaballintoaroundhole.D.Groupingtoysofdifferentshapes.

6.Whatdoesthefollow-uptestaimtofindoutaboutthecockatoos?

A.Howfartheyareabletosee.B.Howtheytrackmovingobjects.

C.Whethertheyaresmarterthanmonkeys,D.Whethertheyuseasenseoftouchinthe

test.

7.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.Cockatoos:QuickErrorCheckersB.Cockatoos:IndependentLearners

C.Cockatoos:CleverSignal-ReadersD.Cockatoos:SkilfulSh叩e-Sorters

AsGinniBazlintonreachedAntarctica,shefoundherselfgreetedbyagroupoflittle

Gentoopenguins（企鹅）longingtosayhello.Thesegentle,lovelygatekeeperswelcomedher

andkick-startedwhatwastobeatripGinniwouldneverforget.

Eversinceherchildhood,Ginni,now71,hashadadeeplovefortravel.Throughouther

career（职业）asaprofessionaldancer,shetouredintheUK,butalwayslongedtoexplore

further.Whensheretiredfromdancingandhersonseventuallyflewthenest,shedecidedit

wastimetotaketheplunge.

AftertakingadegreeatChichesterUniversityinRelatedArts,Ginnibegantotravelthe

world,eventuallygettingworkteachingEnglishinJapanandChile.AnditwasinChileshe

discoveredshecouldgetlast-minutecheapdealsonshipsgoingtoAntarcticafromtheislands

ofFTierradelFuego,thesouthernmosttipoftheSouthAmericanmainland.4ijustdecidedI

wantedtogo,“shesays."IhadnoideaaboutwhatFdfindthereandIwasn'tnervous,Ijust

wantedtodoit.AndIwantedtodoitaloneasIalwayspreferitthatway.”

InMarch2008,Ginniboardedashipwith48passengersshe'dnevermetbefore,to

beginthejourneytowardsAntarctica.€4Fromseeingthewildlifetowitnessingsunrises,the

wholeexperiencewasamazing.Antarcticaleftanimpressiononmethatnootherplacehas,“

Ginnisays."IrememberthefirsttimeIsawahumpbackwhale;itjustroseoutofthewater

likesomeprehistoriccreatureandIthoughtitwassmilingatus.Youcouldstillhearthe

operaticsoundsitwasmakingunderwater.^^

Therealizationthatthisisapreciousland,toberespectedbyhumans,wasoneofthe

biggestthingsthathithometoGinni.

8.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“taketheplunge^^underlinedinparagraph2?

A.Trychallengingthings.B.Takeadegree.

C.Bringbacklostmemories.D.Sticktoapromise.

9.WhatmadeGinnidecideonthetriptoAntarctica?

A.Lovelypenguins.B.Beautifulscenery.

C.Adiscountfare.D.Afriend'sinvitation.

10.WhatdoesGinnithinkaboutAntarcticaafterthejourney?

A.Itcouldbeahomeforher.B.Itshouldbeeasilyaccessible.

C.Itshouldbewellpreserved.D.Itneedstobefullyintroduced.

11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Achildhooddream.B.Anunforgettableexperience.

C.Sailingaroundtheworld.D.MeetinganimalsinAntarctica.

Sometimeintheearly1960s,asignificantthinghappenedinSydney,Australia.Thecity

discovereditsharbor.Then,oneafteranother,Sydneydiscoveredlotsofthingsthatwerejust

sortofthere—broadparks,superbbeaches,andaculturallydiversepopulation.Butitisthe

harborthatmakesthecity.

AndrewReynolds,acheerfulfellowinhisearly30s,pilotsSydneyferryboatsfora

living.Ispentthewholemorningshuttlingbackandforthacrosstheharbor.Afterourthird

runAndrewshutdowntheengine,andwewentourseparateways—heforalunchbreak,I

toexplorethecity.

'Tilmisstheseoldboats/9hesaidasweparted.

“Howdoyoumean?^^Iasked.

“Oh,they'rereplacingthemwithcatamarans.Catamaransarefaster,butthey'renotso

elegant,andthey'renotfuntopilot.Butthat'sprogress,Iguess.”

EverywhereinSydneythesedays,changeandprogressarethewatchwords（口号），and

traditionsareincreasinglyrare.ShirleyFitzgerald,thecity'sofficialhistorian,toldmethatin

itsrushtomodernityinthe1970s,Sydneysweptasidemuchofitspast,includingmanyofits

finestbuildings.t4Sydneyisconfusedaboutitself'shesaid."Wecan'tseemtomakeupour

mindswhetherwewantamoderncityoratraditionalone.Ifsaconflictthatwearen'tgetting

anybetteratresolving（解决）

Ontheotherhand,beingyoungandoldatthesametimehasitsattractions.Iconsidered

thiswhenImetathoughtfulyoungbusinessmannamedAnthony."Manypeoplesaythatwe

lackcultureinthiscountry,"hetoldme."WhatpeopleforgetisthattheItalians,whenthey

cametoAustralia,brought2000yearsoftheirculture,theGreekssome3000years,andthe

Chinesemorestill.We'vegotafoundationbuiltonancientculturesbutwithadriveand

dynamismofayoungcountry.It'saprettyhardcombinationtobeat.”

Heisright,butIcan'thelpwishingtheywouldkeepthoseoldferries.

12.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?

A.Sydney'sstrikingarchitecture.B.TheculturaldiversityofSydney.

C.ThekeytoSydney'sdevelopment.D.Sydney'stouristattractionsinthe

1960s.

13.WhatcanwelearnaboutAndrewReynolds?

A.Hegoestoworkbyboat.B.Helooksforwardtoanewlife.

C.Hepilotscatamaranswell.D.Heisattachedtotheoldferries.

14.WhatdoesShirleyFitzgeraldthinkofSydney?

A.Itislosingitstraditions.B.Itshouldspeedupitsprogress.

C.Itshouldexpanditspopulation.D.Itisbecomingmoreinternational.

15.Whichstatementwilltheauthorprobablyagreewith?

A.Acitycanbeyoungandoldatthesametime.

B.Acitybuiltonancientculturesismoredynamic.

C.Modernityisusuallyachievedatthecostofelegance.

D.Compromiseshouldbemadebetweenthelocalandtheforeign.

二、七选五

ImportantThingstoKnowWhenDiningOut

Culturaldiningetiquette（礼节）mightsurpriseyouwithsomeofitsimportantrules.

16.Knowingsometipswillhelpensurethatyouhaveanenjoyablemealwithfriends

orfamily—nomatterwhereyouareintheworld.

ChopstickRules

Thewayyouhandlechopsticksisimportanttoavoidannoyingyourcompanions.When

youputthemdownbetweenbites,alwaysputthemdowntogethersotheyareparallelwith

theedgeofthetableinfrontofyou.17.

HandsorUtensils（餐具）

InIndiaandtheMiddleEast,it'sconsideredveryrudetoeatwithyourlefthand.People

inFranceexpectyoutoeatwithautensilineachhand.18.insteadpreferringtouse

theirhands.InChile,youmaynevertouchanyfoodwithyourfingers.PeopleinThailand

generallyusetheirforksonlytopushfoodontotheirspoons.

MakingRequests

19.InPortugal,thiswouldbeaseriousmistake,becauseitshowsthechefthat

youdon'tliketheirseasoningskills.Similarly,inItaly,neveraskforextracheesetoaddto

yourfood.

Someoftheseculturaldiningetiquetterulesmayseemrandomandstrange,buttheyare

importantinvariouscountries.20.themorecomfortableyou'llbegintofeelwithits

foreignculturalpractices.

A.Themorefriendsyoumakeinyourlifetime

B.Themoretimeyouspendinanygivencountry

C.Mexicansconsideritinappropriatetoeatwithutensils

D.Don'tgetcaughtmakinganembarrassingmistakeatarestaurant

E.Ifsagoodsignforthechefifyoumakeamessaroundyourplate

F.Neverstickthemuprightinyourfoodorcrossthemasyouusethem

G.Itmayseemlikeasimplerequesttoaskforsaltandpepperatameal

三、完形填空

Youcantellalotaboutamanbyhowhetreatshisdogs.

Formanyyears,Ienjoyedlivingwithmydogs,TillyandChance.Their21was

nearlyenoughtokeepmylonelinessatbay.Nearly.Lastyear,Istarteddating,butwith

22..WhenIfirstdatedSteve,I23hehadadog,Molly,andacat,Flora.WhileI

was24thathewasananimallover,I25thatthreedogswereperhapstoo

many,andmydogsmightattack26,thecat.

Thenextweekwe27ourdogstogether.Itwasahotday.Whenwepausedto

catchour28、Stevegotdownononeknee.Washeproposing（求婚）？Ilikedhimtoo,

butso29?Hepouredwaterfromabottleintohishandandofferedittomydogs.

30,Ibegantofallforhim.

Wetodate,thoughneitherofusbroughtupthefuture.Andtheninlate

November,Tillyhadanoperationonher32.Itookthedogsoutfourtimesaday,

andIwoiriedthatTilly33climbingthestairscouldreopenthewound.Then

Steve34hishouse.Allworked35.Thethreedogsformedapack

that,withcoaching,36Flora'sspace;SteveandIformedagoodteam

37forTilly.Wemadegoodhousemates.

Ayearlater,muchtomy38,thismanproducedalittleboxwitharingand

proposedtome.Hedidnotkneel（跪）down,nordidI39himto.That'sonlyfor

giving_____40_____tothedogsthatbroughtustogether.

21.A.ownershipB.membershipC.companionshipD.leadership

22.A.reservationsB.expectationsC.confidenceD.prejudice

23.A.fearedB.doubtedC.hopedD.learned

24.A.unsatisfiedB.amusedC.terrifiedD.thrilled

25.A.predictedB.worriedC.regrettedD.insisted

26.A.FloraB.ChanceC.MollyD.Tilly

27.A.tiedB.walkedC.bathedD.fed

28.A.breathB.balanceC.attentionD.imagination

29.A.calmB.sureC.soonD.real

30.A.BythewayB.InthatcaseC.ByallmeansD.Inthatmoment

31.A.continuedB.decidedC.intendedD.pretended

32.A.eyeB.tailC.earD.leg

33.A.secretlyB.constantlyC.eventuallyD.unwillingly

34.A.leftB.soldC.suggestedD.searched

35.A.lateB.hardC.fineD.free

36.A.emptiedB.respectedC.occupiedD.discovered

37.A.lookingB.caringC.waitingD.calling

38.A.delightB.creditC.interestD.disadvantage

39.A.begB.trustC.needD.aid

40.A.toysB.awardsC.foodD.water

四、用单词的适当形式完成短文

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.

Avisually-challengedmanfromBeijingrecentlyhiked(徒步)40daystoXi'an,asa

firststep41(journey)theBeltandRoadroute(路线)byfoot.

Onthe1,100.Kilometerjourney,themanCaoShengkang,42losthiseyesightat

theageofeightinacaraccident,crossed40citiesandcountiesinthreeprovince.Inspiredby

theBeltandRoadForumforInternationalCooperation43(hold)inBeijing,Cao

decidedtocovertheroutebyhikingasatribute(致敬)lotheancientSilkRoad.44

friendofhis,WuFan,volunteeredtobehiscompanionduringthetrip.

CaoandWualsocollectedgarbagealongtheroad,inordertopromoteenvironmental

45(protect).Caobelievesthiswillmakethehikingtripevenmore46

(meaning).Thetwoofthemcollectedmorethan1,000plasticbottlesalongthe40-day

journey.

Inthelastfiveyears.Cao47(walk)through34countriesinsixcontinents,andin

2016,hereachedthetopofKilimanjaro,Africa's48(high)mountain.

Now,CaohasstartedthesecondpartofhisdreamtowalkalongtheBeltandRoad

route.Heflew4,700kilometers49Xi'antoKashgaronSept.20,50(plan)

tohikebacktoXi'aninfivemonths.

五、短文改错

51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除

或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(△),并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

MyfatheroftentookmetohishospitalwhenIwasoffmyschool.Heshowedmehow

hismedicalinstrumentswasused.Ifeltsocloselytohim.However,afterIwenttohigh

school,somehowIbecomedistantfromhim.Iwasunwillingtalkwithhimandoften

disobeyedhisruleofnotstayoutwithmyfriendstoolate.Thedisagreementwastoosharp

thatneitherhenorIknewwhattosettleit.Oneday,hetalkedwithmeorhopedtomendour

relations.Withtheeffortsmadebyallsides,webegantounderstandeachotherbetter.

六、其他应用文

52.你校将以六月八日世界海洋日为主题，举办英语征文比赛，请你写一篇短文投

稿。

内容包括：

1.海洋的重要性；

2.保护海洋的倡议。

注意：1.词数100左右；

2.短文的题目和首句已为你写好。

参考答案：

1.D

2.B

3.A

【解析】

【分析】

本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了Cardiff当地的一些剧院和娱乐场所。

1.

细节理解题。根据文章“StDavid'sHall”部分中的“StDavid'sHallishometotheannualWelsh

PromsCardiff（StDavid'sHall是Cardiff一年一度的WelshProms的举办地）“可知，Cardiff

的WelshProms活动在StDavid'sHall举办。故选D。

2.

细节理解题。根据文章“TheGleeClub”部分中的“Ifyouarelookingforthebestcomedieson

tourandbrilliantlivemusic,youshouldstarthere（如果你正在寻找巡演中最好的喜剧和精彩的

现场音乐，你应该从这里开始）”可知，人们可以在TheGleeClub享受喜剧。故选B。

3.

细节理解题。根据文章“NewTheatre”部分中的“TheNewTheatrehasbeenthehomeofquality

drama,musicians,danceandchildren'sshowsformorethan100years（100多年来，New

Theatre一直是优质戏剧、音乐家、舞蹈和儿童节目的发源地）”以及其下面的网站

“www.newtheatrecardiff.co.uk”可知，可以在www.newtheatrecardiff.co.uk网站找到Cardiff存

在最久的剧院。故选A。

4.B

5.C

6.D

7.D

【解析】

【导语】

本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种会识别形状的凤头鹦鹉。

4.

细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Thoughnotknowntousetoolsinthewild,thebirdshaveproved

答案第1页，共15页

skilfulattoolusewhilekeptinthecage.（虽然人们不知道这些鸟在野外会使用工具，但事实

证明，它们在关在笼子里时就能熟练地使用工具）”以及“thebirdsweregivenfivedifferently

shaped“keys"tochoosefrom.Inserting,thecorrect“keys"wouldletoutthenut.（研究人员给了

这些鸟5把形状各异的“钥匙”供它们选择。插入，正确的“钥匙”会让坚果出来户可知，在实

验中，凤头鹦鹉是通过使用工具从盒子里取出坚果的。故选B。

5.

细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Inhumans,babiescanputaroundshapeinaroundholefrom

aroundoneyearofage（在人类身上，婴儿从一岁左右就可以把一个圆形的物品放进一个圆

形的洞里）''结合选项，可知，一岁儿童最有可能完成“将一个球放进一个圆形的洞里”的任

务。故选C。

6.

推理判断题。通过文章最后一段“Thenextstep,accordingtotheresearchers,istotryandwork

outwhetherthecockatoosrelyentirelyonvisualclues,oralsouseasenseoftouchinmakingtheir

shapeselections.（根据研究人员的说法，下一步是尝试弄清楚凤头鹦鹉是完全依靠视觉线

索，还是也使用触觉来选择它们的形状）“可推知，后续测试的目的是了解凤头鹦鹉在测试

中是否使用触觉。故选D。

7.

主旨大意题。通读全文，再结合文章第一段“Coffin'scockatoos,akindofsmallparrotnative

toAustralasia,havebeenshowntohavesimilarshape-recognitionabilitiestoahumantwo-year-

01d.（科芬的凤头鹦鹉是一种原产于大洋洲的小鹦鹉，它的形状识别能力与两岁的人类相

似）”可推知，本文主要介绍了会识别形状的凤头鹦鹉。D项“Cockatoos:SkilfulShape-Sorters

（凤头鹦鹉：识别形状的熟练工）”符合文意，最适合作为本文标题。故选D。

8.A

9.C

10.C

11.B

【解析】

【导语】

本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了71岁的GinniBalinton从小就对旅行有着深深的热

爱，渴望探险，不再跳舞和孩子们成家立业之后，她开始周游世界，并在2（X）8年开始了前

答案第2页，共15页

往南极洲的旅程。

8.

词句猜测题。根据第二段划线词前文“Throughouthercareer（职业）asaprofessionaldancer,

shetouredintheUK,butalwayslongedtoexplorefurther.（在她的职业舞蹈演员生涯中，她曾

在英国巡演，但一直渴望进一步探索）"和"Whensheretiredfromdancingandhersons

eventuaHyflewthenest（当她不再跳舞，她的儿子们最终独立生活）”可知，Ginni在退休和儿

子们成家立业之后，她决定尝试有挑战性的事情。由此推知，划线词组taketheplunge与

trychallengingthings“尝试有挑战性的事情博思接近。故选A。

9.

细节理解题。根据第三段中的“AnditwasinChileshediscoveredshecouldgetlast-minute

cheapdealsonshipsgoingtoAntarcticafromtheislandsoffTieradelFuego.（正是在智利，她发

现自己可以在最后一刻买到从火地岛附近岛屿前往南极洲的廉价船票）“可知，是折扣的票

价让Ginni决定去南极洲旅行的。故选Co

10.

细节理解题。根据最后一段"Therealizationthatthisisapreciousland,toberespectedby

humans,wasoneofthebiggestthingsthathithometoGinni.（意识至这是一块宝贵的土地，应

该受到人类的尊重，这是Ginni最深刻的感受之一广可知，旅行结束后，Ginni认为南极洲

应该得到很好的保护。故选C。

11.

主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了GinniBalinton去南极旅行的经历，再根据第

一段“Thesegentlelovelygatekeeperswelcomedherandkick-startedwhatwastobeatripGinni

wouldneverforget.（这些温柔可爱的看门人欢迎了她，并开始了一次Ginni永远不会忘记的

旅行）”和倒数第二段GinniBalinton对南极之旅的评价可知，文章主要介绍了GinniBalinton

去南极洲之旅让她非常难忘。由此可知，Anunforgettableexperience.（一次难忘的经历）能够

概括文章主旨。故选B。

12.C

13.D

14.A

15.A

【解析】

答案第3页，共15页

【导语】

本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过作者和悉尼人士的交流介绍了悉尼发展中面临的问题。

12.

主旨大意题。根据第一段"Sometimeintheearly1960s,asignificantthinghappenedinSydney,

Australia.Thecitydiscovereditsharbor.（20世纪60年代初，澳大利亚悉尼发生了一件大

事。这座城市发现了它的港口）”以及"Butitistheharborthatmakesthecity.（但是是港口造就

了城市）“可知，本段主要介绍了悉尼发展的关键是港口。故选C项。

13.

细节理解题。根据第二段“AndrewReynolds,acheerfulfellowinhisearly30s,pilotSydney

ferryboatsforaliving.（30岁出头的AndrewReynolds是个快乐的小伙子，他在悉尼担任渡轮

领航员为生）”、第三段"I'llmisstheseoldboats.（我会想念这些旧船的户以及第五段

（'Catamaransarefaster,butthey'renotsoelegant,andthey'renotfuntopilot.（双体船更快,但

它们不那么优雅，驾驶起来也不有趣）”可知，渡轮领航员AndrewReynolds喜欢老式渡船。

故选D项。

14.

推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“ShirleyFitzgerald,thecity'sofficialhistorian,toldmethatinits

rushtomodernityinthe1970s,Sydneysweptasidemuchofitspast,includingmanyofitsfinest

buildings.（悉尼的官方历史学家ShirleyFitzgerald告诉我，在20世纪70年代奔向现代化的

过程中，悉尼把很多它的过去都抛在了一边，包括许多最漂亮的建筑厂可推知，Shirley

Fitzgerald认为悉尼匆忙奔向现代化，正在失去它的传统。故选A项。

15.

推理判J断题。根据彳到数第二段“Ontheotherhand,beingyoungandoldatthesametimehasits

attractions.IconsideredthiswhenImetathoughtfulyoungbusinessmannamedAnthony.（另一

方面，同时既年轻又古老也有它的魅力。当我遇到一位深思熟虑的年轻商人Anthony时，

我考虑到了这一点）“以及最后一段“Heisright（他说得没错）”可推知，作者赞同Anthony的

观点，认为一座城市可以同时既年轻又古老。故选A项。

16.D

17.F

18.C

19.G

答案第4页，共15页

20.B

【解析】

【导语】

本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些外出就餐时要知道的一些重要事情。

16.

根据文章标题“ImportantThingstoKnowWhenDiningOut（外出就餐时要知道的重要事情）”

可知，本文主要介绍的是外出就餐时应该知道的重要事情。由此可知，D项“Don'tget

caughtmakinganembarrassingmistakeatarestaurant（不要在餐馆犯尴尬的错误）''符合语境，

其中“atarestaurant”对应标题中的“WhenDiningOut”，同时引起下文“Knowingsometipswill

helpensurethatyouhaveanenjoyablemealwithfriendsorfamily-nomatterwhereyouarein

theworld.（知道一些技巧将有助于确保你和朋友或家人一起享受一顿愉快的晚餐——无论

你在世界的哪个地方）故选D。

17.

根据本段小标题“ChopstickRules”可知，本段主要讲述的是使用筷子的规则。根据上文

“Whenyouputthemdownbetweenbites,alwaysputthemdowntogethersotheyareparallelwith

theedgeofthetableinfrontofyou.（当你在吃的间隙把它们放下来的时候，一定要把它们放

在一起，这样它们就和你面前的桌子边缘平行了）”可知，此处讲述了正确使用筷子的方

式。由止匕可知，F项“Neverstickthemuprightinyourfoodorcrossthemasyouusethem（不要

把它们笔直地插在你的食物中，也不要在使用它们时交叉放置）''讲述的也是使用筷子时的

注意事项，符合此处语境，其中“them”指的是上文的“chopsticks”。故选F。

18.

根据本段小标题“HandsorUtensils（餐具）”可知，本段主要讲述的是手和餐具的问题。根据

上文“InIndiaandtheMiddleEast,it'sconsideredveryrudetoeatwithyourlefthand.Peoplein

Franceexpectyoutoeatwithautensilineachhand.（在印度和中东，用左手吃饭被认为是非常

不礼貌的。法国人希望你每只手拿一个餐具吃饭）”及下文“insteadpreferringtousetheirhands

（相反更愿意使用他们的双手）“可知，此处在讲述不同国家就餐时习惯使用哪只手的问题。

由此可知，C项“Mexicansconsideritinappropriatetoeatwithutensils（墨西哥人认为用餐具

吃饭是不合适的）”符合语境，与下文形成转折关系。故选C。

19.

根据本段小标题“MakingRequests”可知，本段主要讲述的是用餐时提请求的问题。根据下

答案第5页，共15页

文“InPortugal,thiswouldbeaseriousmistake,becauseitshowsthechefthatyoudon?tliketheir

seasoningskills.Similarly,inItaly,neveraskforextracheesetoaddtoyourfood.（在葡萄牙，这

将是一个严重的错误，因为这向厨师表明你不喜欢他们的调味技巧。同样，在意大利，永

远不要要求在食物中添加额外的奶酪厂可推知，在一些国家，用餐时提出要求是很无礼

的。由此可知，G项“Itmayseemlikesimplerequesttoaskforsaltandpepperatameal（吃饭

时要盐和胡椒看似很简单）''符合此处语境，其中“request”是关键词，说明，在用餐时提出一

些我们看来很平常的要求在某些国家是无礼的。故选G。

20.

根据下文“themorecomfortableyou'Hbegintofeelwithitsforeignculturalpractices.（你就会对

它的外国文化习俗感到越舒服厂可推知，此处指在一个国家待得越久，就会越习惯当地习

俗，且此处是“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构，B项“Themoretimeyouspendinanygiven

country（你在某个国家待的时间越长）”符合文意，引出下文。故选B。

【点睛】

21.C

22.A

23.D

24.D

25.B

26.A

27.B

28.A

29.C

30.D

31.A

32.D

33.B

34.A

35.C

36.B

37.B

答案第6页，共15页

38.A

39.C

40.D

【解析】

【导语】

这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，作者认为你可以从一个男人对待他的狗的方式来了解他很

多，作者多年和两只爱犬生活在一起，去年开始和拥有猫狗的史蒂夫约会，但有所保留，

因为一次遛狗时史蒂夫把水给自己的爱犬喝，作者渐渐对史蒂夫产生好感，在之后的接触

中，史蒂夫和作者一起照顾作者的爱犬，一年后史蒂夫向作者求婚。

21.

考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们的陪伴几乎足以让我远离孤独。A.ownership所有权；B.

membership会员；C.companionship陪伴；D.leadership领导。由上文的“Formanyyears,I

enjoyedlivingwithmydogs,TillyandChance.（多年来，我喜欢和我的狗Tilly和Chance生活

在一起）“可知，作者多年和狗狗生活在一起，可得出狗狗陪伴着作者，让作者远离孤独。

故选C项。

22.

考查名词词义辨析。句意：去年，我开始约会，但有所保留。A.reservations保留；B.

expectations期望；C.confidence信心；D.prejudice偏见。由下文的"Hepouredwaterfroma

bottleintohishandandofferedittomydogs.（他把瓶子里的水倒在手里，递给我的狗）"和"I

begantofallforhim（我开始爱上他）“可知，作者是在第二周和史蒂夫一起遛狗时，因为史蒂

夫把水给自己的爱犬喝，作者才对史蒂夫产生好感，可得出刚开始约会时，因为不熟悉史

蒂夫的品行，作者还是有所保留的。故选A项。

23.

考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我第一次和史蒂夫约会时，我得知他有一条名叫Molly的狗

和一只名叫Flora的猫。A.feared恐惧；B.doubted怀疑；C.hoped希望；D.learned得知。

由上文的“WhenIfirstdatedSteve（当我第一次和史蒂夫约会时）''和常识可知，第一次约会会

得知对方相关情况，作者从而得知史蒂夫有一只狗和一只猫。故选D项。

24.

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然我很高兴他是一个动物爱好者，但我担心三条狗可能太

多了，我的狗可能会攻击猫Flora。A.unsatisfied不满意的；B.amused愉快的；C.terrified

答案第7页，共15页

害怕的；D.thrilled非常开心的。由下文的“hewasananimallover（他是一个动物爱好者）''可

知，得知史蒂夫是一个动物爱好者，多年和两只爱犬生活在一起的作者应该是感到愉快高

兴。故选D项。

25.

考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我很高兴他是一个动物爱好者，但我担心三条狗可能太多

了，我的狗可能会攻击猫Flora。A.predicted预测；B.worried担心；C.regretted后悔；D.

insisted坚持。由下文的“threedogswereperhapstoomany,andmydogsmightattack6

thecat（三条狗可能太多了，我的狗可能会攻击猫）“可知，作者认为三条狗可能太多了，旦

自己的狗可能会攻击史蒂夫的猫，针对这种情况，作者是担忧的。故选B项。

26.

考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然我很高兴他是一个动物爱好者，但我担心三条狗可能太多

了，我的狗可能会攻击猫Flora。A.Flora弗洛拉；B.Chance机会；C.Molly莫莉;D.Tilly

蒂莉。选项指的是文中动物名词。由上文的“hehadadog,Molly,andacar,Flora（