2019外研社版高中英语选修一 Unit 3 Faster,higher,stronger 知识清单(教师版)

阅读单词认读backboardn.篮板bumpn.隆起之处self­beliefn.自信yogan.瑜伽quarter­finaln.四分之一决赛comebackn.东山再起semi­finaln.半决赛nerven.意志力ingredientn.(完成某事的)要素,因素tournamentn.锦标赛重点单词识记bouncev.(使)弹起,(使)反弹teammaten.队友footstepn.脚步声;足迹philosophyn.人生哲学cheatv.欺骗,作弊remarkableadj.非凡的;不寻常的netn.球网burstv.突然出现vividadj.生动的,逼真的opponentn.(竞争、比赛等的)对手;反对者surgeryn.外科手术defeatv.战胜,打败seizev.夺取;抓住teamworkn.合作,协作核心词汇拓展shinyadj.光滑发亮的,闪光的→shinev.闪光associationn.协会,社团→associatevt.联系muddyadj.沾满泥的,泥泞的→mudn.泥shotn.投球,射球,击球→shootv.射击,射中sharpenvt.使提高,使改进;使变锋利→sharpadj.尖的,锋利的→sharplyadv.急剧地expectationn.预料,预期→expectv.预料,期待→expectedadj.预期的,预料的→unexpectedadj.预料之外的assignv.分配,分派→assignmentn.分配的任务steelyadj.钢铁般的;坚定的→steeln.钢铁cooperationn.合作,协作→cooperatev.合作,协作intenseadj.紧张的,激烈的→intensionn.紧张核心短语速记afarcryfrom与……大不相同giveway倒塌,向下垮followinone’sfootsteps仿效某人;继承某人(尤指家人)的事业carryon继续beyondone’sexpectations超出某人的预期inarow连续地rollerskating滑旱冰burstonto突然出现在……(指突然成功)payoff取得成功gowild兴奋,狂热beassignedto被分配给……inalldirections朝着四面八方asaresult结果;因此dayinanddayout日复一日setouttodosth开始做某事throwaway扔掉contributeto导致thanksto多亏了upsanddowns起起伏伏embarrassedadj.尴尬的;陷入困境的emergencyn.紧急情况或状态employmentn.雇用;使用encouragevt.鼓励energeticadj.精力旺盛的enlargevt.扩大enterprisen.事业或企业单位;公司entertainvt.使娱乐;款待entertainmentn.娱乐;款待entrancen.入口;入场environmentn.环境equalityn.平等Inthisway,practisingdayinanddayouthelpedStephensharpenhisskills.(动名词短语作主语)就这样日复一日地练习,斯蒂芬的篮球技术变得炉火纯青。Despitehisfather’ssuccessfulcareer,Stephenwasthoughtbymanypeople,includinghishighschoolteammatesandcoaches,tobetooshort,toothinandtooweaktofollowinhisfather’sfootsteps.(bethoughttodo...)尽管斯蒂芬父亲的职业生涯很成功,但是很多人,包括他的高中队友和[教练,都认为他太矮、太瘦弱,无法延续他父亲的荣耀。HiscreativityandperseverancemadehimDavidson’sstarplayer.(make＋n./pron.＋n.)他凭借自己的创造性和毅力成为戴维森学院的明星球员。AndthereweseetheChineseplayersembracing,withtearsofhappinessintheireyes...(with的复合结构)我们看到中国队的队员们眼含幸福的热泪,相拥在一起……Ledbywell­knownChinesevolleyballplayerandcoachLangPing,theyhavecontinuedtoaimhigh.(过去分词短语作状语)在知名的前中国女排运动员和现任中国女排总[教练郎平的带领下,队员们不断力争上游。请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文,然后核对答案并背诵该短文。remarkable,muddy,payoff,defeat,opponentWhenyougetintotroubleinyourlife,itseemsasifyouwerestrugglingonamuddyroad.Givingwaytothedifficultiesistheeasiestwaytosolvetheproblem.However,youdon’twanttocheatyourself,becauseyoustronglywantto2.defeatthedifficulties.Onethingyoushouldkeepinmindisthatyour3.opponentisnotthedifficultyitselfbutyourself.Whenyougothroughfailureinarow,youwillfinditimpossibletocarryonwithyourplan.Inmyopinion,seizingeverychancetosharpenyourselfisagoodway.Besides,cooperationwillmakeyou4.remarkable.Plus,keepupandbelievethatyourhardworkiscertainto5.payoffasexpected.提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇associationn.联合;联想;交往;协会,社团(associatevt.联想;联系vi.交往associatedadj.相关联的,有联系的)inassociationwith与……联合/有关联associate...with...使……与……联系起来associatewith与……交往/联系beassociatedwith和……有关Ialwaysassociatethescenewiththefreezingweatherandamuddyroad.Welearnthatsomeoftheinjuriesassociated(associate)withrunning,suchasrunner’sknee,areuncommonamongracewalkers.有许多严重的健康问题与吸烟有关。Therearemanyserioushealthproblemsassociatedwithsmoking.(associated)Therearemanyserioushealthproblemsinassociationwithsmoking.(association)expectationn.预料,预期;期望;盼望(expectvt.期待,期望;预料,预期expectedadj.预期的,预料的unexpectedadj.出乎意料的;意外的)liveupto/meetone’sexpectations不负某人所望beyond/outofone’sexpectations出乎某人的意料;超出某人的预期expect(sb)todosth预计/期望(某人)做某事asexpected正如所料;不出所料Wecannotexpecttomake(make)remarkableprogressinsuchashorttime.Asexpected,heachievedchampionshipinthetournamentandhiseffortspaidoff.我真的很想得到这个宝贵的机会,我相信我能达到你的期望。(应用文写作之求职信)IreallywanttoobtainthispreciousopportunityandIamsurethatIcanliveupto/meetyourexpectations.听到这个意外的消息,他呆住了,一下也动不了。(读后续写之情感描写)Hearingtheunexpectednews,hefrozeandcouldn’tmoveaninch.burstv.突然出现;使爆裂n.突然破裂;爆发burstinto突然爆发……;突然闯入……burstin闯进;破门而入burstout突然……起来burstonto突然出现在……(指突然成功)aburstof一阵……这个可爱的小男孩突然当众哭了起来,这让所有的宾客哄堂大笑。Thelovelyboyburstintotearsinpublic,whichmadealltheguestsburstintolaughter.(burstinto)Thelovelyboyburstoutcryinginpublic,whichmadealltheguestsburstoutlaughing.(burstout)演讲一结束,观众就爆发出雷鸣般的掌声。(应用文写作之演讲稿)Theaudienceburstintothunderousapplauseassoonasthespeechwasover.她感到一阵惊慌,但强迫自己平静地离开了。Aburstofpanicfloodedoverher,butsheforcedherselftoleavecalmly.giveway倒塌,向下垮;让步,屈服(to)giveout放出,发出(光、热、声音等);分发;公布;用完,耗尽giveoff放出,散发(光、热、烟、气味等)giveaway免费赠送;泄露(秘密)giveup放弃;戒除givein屈服;投降Whentheresultwasgivenout,theboymurmured,“BynomeansshallIgivewaytomyopponent.”Hetriedtokeepcalm,buthistremblingvoicegavehimaway.Hisparentswereconvincedthathewouldneverbedefeated.(用give短语的正确形式填空)Ontheedgeofthejacket,thereisapieceofclothwhichgivesofflightinthedark.决不向任何困难屈服;继续努力,总有一天你会成功的。(应用文写作之劝慰信)Nevergiveintoanydifficulties;keeptryingandyouwillmakeitoneday.payoff取得成功;得到回报;付清,还清(债务)payfor为……而付钱;因……付出代价payback偿还;报复Workingdayandnight,thewifepaidoffallthedebtsthatherhusbandleft,whichwasbeyondothers’expectations.Aftergraduation,sheworkedtohelphersistersandbrotherspayfortheirschooling.(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ)Inmyopinion,borrowingmoneyfromfriendswouldn’taffectthefriendshipaslongasthosewhoborrowmoneyremembertopaybackassoonaspossible.正如谚语所说,“有志者,事竟成”。我们的努力早晚会得到回报。Asaproverbgoes,“Wherethereisawill,thereisaway”.Oureffortswillpayoffsoonerorlater.用法点拨payoff表示“得到回报”时,是不及物动词短语,无被动语态,且一般用表示事物的词作主语;表示“付清”时,是及物动词短语,用表示人的词作主语,有被动语态。bethoughttobe...Despitehisfather’ssuccessfulcareer,Stephenwasthoughtbymanypeople,includinghishighschoolteammatesandcoaches,tobetooshort,toothinandtooweaktofollowinhisfather’sfootsteps.尽管斯蒂芬父亲的职业生涯很成功,但是很多人,包括他的高中队友和[教练,都认为他太矮、太瘦弱,无法延续他父亲的荣耀。sb/sthbethought/said/believed/hoped/...todo/tobedoing/tohavedone人们认为/据说/人们相信/人们希望/……上述结构可转换为：Itisthought/said/believed/hoped/...that...人们认为/据说/人们相信/人们希望/……Theyoungmanisthoughttobe(be)experienced,smartandabletotakeuptheposition.据说,他在我市举办的演讲比赛中被授予一等奖。Itissaidthathehasbeenawardedthefirstprizeinthespeechcontestorganizedbyourcity.Heissaidtohavebeenawardedthefirstprizeinthespeechcontestorganizedbyourcity.(2022·新高考全国Ⅱ)Thecouplehasahighsuccessrateingettingacceptedashousesittersandtheyalwaysgobeyondthehomeowner’sexpectations.这对夫妇在成为家庭保姆方面的成功率很高,而且他们总是超出房主的预期。(2022·新高考全国Ⅱ)Aftertwoyears,thesecondgroupsawremarkableimprovementsinhearthealth.两年后,第二组患者的心脏健康状况有了显著改善。(2022·新高考全国Ⅱ)Buttheheartsofthosewhoparticipatedinlessintenseexercisedidn’tchange.但是那些参加不那么剧烈的运动的人的心脏并没有改变。(2022·浙江1月)“However,thisstudydoesnotshowcauseandeffectbetweencardiovascularfitnessanddementia,itonlyshowsanassociation,”saidHörder.“然而,这项研究并没有显示心血管健康和痴呆症之间的因果关系,它只是显示了一种联系,”霍德说。(2021·北京)Inastudy,2,000peoplewereaskedtorecordtheirfeelingsandexperiencesforeightdaysinarow.在一项研究中,2000人被要求连续8天记录他们的感受和经历。(2021·天津第二次笔试)Igotthemessage,anditsoonbecamemynewphilosophy.我理解了这个信息,并且它很快就成为我的新的人生哲学。提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍shotA.注射B.射击手C.投篮；射门D.照片；(电影的)连续镜头Hewasnotaparticularlygoodshotbecauseofhiseyesight.BYouhavetogetthreeshotsofthevaccineoveraperiodofsixmonths.AHehadonlyoneshotatgoal.CIdecidedtotryforamorenaturalshotofafoxpeeringfromthebushes.D快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思。Iwasgoingtohaveagoatparachutingbutlostmynerveatthelastminute.勇气;气魄I’mquitehappytonetafishandthenletitgo.捕捞核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识Theoldmanhopedthathissonwouldfollowinhisfootstepsandpersevere.Helostinthesemi­final,whichwasbeyondourexpectations(expect).Sheevenhadplasticsurgeriesinarowtochangeherappearance.Thecargotstuckinthemuddy(mud)ground,makingthedriverupset.We’refinallybeginningtoseesomeofthetoughdecisionswemadepayoff.Towinthecontestanddefeathisopponents,hesetouttosharpen(sharpen)hisskills.Cooking(cook)togethergivesusachancetorelaxandcatchuponeachother’sdays.Theexcellentwomanissaidtohavebeenelected(elect)asheadmasteroftheschool.Theoutcomewasthattheviolentstormeventuallygavewaytosunshine.Thelittlegirlissittingontheblanket,readingabookassigned(assign)toher.单句写作——应用文增分练(2019·上海)——关于对外国游客征收不同票价的态度根据国籍进行不同的收费被认为是一种歧视。(bethoughttodo...)Chargingdifferentlyaccordingtonationalitiesisthoughttobeakindofdiscrimination.Differentticketpricesmaycauselocaleconomiclosses,withfewerforeignersvisitingit.如果受到不公平的对待,外国人可能会对旅游景点失去兴趣。(过去分词短语作状语)Treatedunfairly,foreignersmayloseinterestinthetouristattraction.消除票价差异是保证旅游业健康发展的必要之举。(动名词短语作主语)Eliminatingthedifferenceinticketpricesisamusttoguaranteethehealthydevelopmentoftourism.尊重、平等、优质的服务使旅行成为一种美妙而难忘的体验。(make＋n./pron.＋n.)Respect,equalityandhighqualityservicesmaketravelawonderfulandunforgettableexperience.微型写作——续写提能练[教材续写语料]人物描写self­beliefn.自信remarkableadj.非凡的;不寻常的steelyadj.钢铁般的;坚定的nerven.意志力teammaten队友动作描写cheatv.欺骗,作弊burstv.突然出现burstonto突然出现在……(指突然成功)payoff取得成功defeatv.战胜,打败seizev.夺取;抓住carryon继续cooperationn.合作,协作→cooperatev.合作,协作expectationn.预料;预期→expectv.预料,期待描述词汇beyondone’sexpectations超出某人的预期vividadj.生动的,逼真的intenseadj.紧张的,激烈的[续写语料运用]请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇,完成以下语段。然后核对答案并背诵该语段。戈登在篮球方面有着非凡的天赋,但他不善于与队友合作。正如所料,他的球队在激烈的半决赛中被击败。戈登没有失去自信,而是继续练习,抓住一切机会加强与队友的合作。他们的努力终于有了回报。他们队在篮球比赛中一举成名,这超出了大家的预料。Gordonhadaremarkabletalentforbasketballbuthewasn’tgoodatcooperatingwithhisteammates.Asexpected,histeamwasdefeatedintheintensesemi­final.Insteadoflosinghisself­belief,Gordoncarriedonpractisingandseizedeverychancetostrengthenhiscooperationwithhisteammates.Theireffortsfinallypaidoff.Theirteamburstontothebasketballmatch,whichwasbeyondeveryone’sexpectations.词形变化填空(每小题2.5分,共15分)Theknifeisnotsharpenoughsoitneedstobesharpened,whichIthinkwillsharplyimproveyourworkefficiency.(sharp)Shefinishedthetaskassignedtoheraheadoftimebutthebossgavehernewassignments,whichdrovehercrazy.(assign)Thetwogroupscooperatedwellwitheachotherandpromisedtostrengthentheircooperationinthefuture.(cooperate)Aswasexpected,allofusachievedourgoalsandmetourteachers’expectations.(expect)Inthemoonlight,hefoundsomethingshiny.Walkingover,hefoundwhatwasshiningwasaring.(shine)AschairmanoftheStudents’Association,heoftenassociateswithotherstudents.(associate)选