2019外研社版高中英语选修二 Unit 6 Survival 知识清单(学生版)

阅读单词认读foxn.____________________seasideadj.____________________predatorn.____________________newcomern.____________________flourishv.____________________containern.____________________lambn.____________________garlicn.____________________migratoryadj.____________________kitn.____________________clayn.____________________caven.____________________heatwave____________________indoorsadv.____________________fueln.____________________supplementv.____________________eliminatev.____________________firefightern.____________________blazen.____________________fierceadj.____________________Marsn.____________________wipev.____________________nuclearadj.____________________hostileadj.____________________unmannedadj.____________________spacecraftn.____________________orbitv.____________________stunningadj.____________________astronautn.____________________dustn.____________________capsulen.____________________trunkn.____________________重点单词识记__________n.郊区,城郊__________n.小偷,贼__________adj.城镇的,城市的__________n.垃圾__________v.估计,估算__________adj.至关重要的,关键性的__________n.机构;(尤指政府内的)局,部,处__________v.推断,推定核心词汇拓展__________n.罪,罪行→__________n.罪犯adj.犯罪的__________adj.贪婪的,贪心的;渴望的→__________n.贪婪;渴望→__________adv.贪心地,贪婪地__________v.犯(错误或罪行)→__________n.承诺;花费;献身;投入→__________adj.尽心尽力的;坚定的;坚信的__________v.欣赏;赏识;鉴赏→__________n.欣赏;感激→__________adj.赞赏的;感激的__________v.限制,控制→__________n.限制;限定→__________adj.限制性的__________n.徒步旅行者,远足者→__________v.去远足__________adj.乐观的;乐观主义的→__________n.乐观主义→__________adj.(反)悲观的__________n.(精力、油、电等的)消耗量→__________v.消耗→__________n.消费者__________vi.(作出)反应,回应→__________n.反应,回应__________adj.每月一次的→__________n.月,月份__________adj.先进的,高级的→__________vi.前进;取得进展n.进展,进步__________adj.极其可怕的,骇人听闻的→__________adj.害怕的→__________v.使害怕→__________n.恐怖,恐惧__________v.由……组成→__________adj.一致的__________v.使暴露(于险境)→__________n.暴露,显露→__________adj.暴露的核心短语速记____________________挡某人的路____________________够不到____________________在建设之中fitinwith____________________getatastefor________________________________________撞击,闯入____________________总计splitup________________________________________应付(某种情况)____________________使……处于控制之下____________________摆脱,除去____________________彻底摧毁,消灭____________________由……组成,由……构成____________________在此期间,与此同时innocentadj.清白的;无辜的insertvt.插入insightn.洞察力,洞悉,深刻见解inspectvt.检查;检验;审视instantaneousadj.瞬间的,即刻的instructvt.通知;指示instructionn.说明,须知;教导instrumentaladj.起作用的;用乐器演奏的insurancen.保险integraladj.构成整体所必需的,基本的Withnowhereelsetomaketheirhomes,theyhavenochoicebuttomoveinwithus.(havenochoicebuttodo)由于无处安家,它们别无选择只能搬来和我们一起住。Asourcitiesbecomegreener,theyofferincreasinglyappealingspacestoanimalslookingfornewhabitats.(as引导时间状语从句)随着我们的城市环境变得更好,它们为寻找新栖息地的动物提供了越来越吸引人的空间。Thereisevidencethaturbanracoonsaremoreintelligentthantheirwildcousins...(that引导同位语从句)有证据表明,城市里的浣熊比它们的野生近亲更聪明……Onlythencanwelooktowardsharmoniouslysharingoururbanhabitats.(“only＋状语”置于句首的倒装句)只有那时,我们才能期待和谐地共享我们的城市栖息地。Oneoptionistoexploreotherplanetstoseeifwecouldliveonthem.(if引导宾语从句)一种选择是探索其他星球,看看我们能否在上面生活。ThereisnodoubtthathumankindisdrawntowardsMars,withdreamsofmakingitoursecondhome.(There’snodoubtthat...)毫无疑问,人类被火星吸引,梦想着把它作为我们的第二个家园。请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文,然后核对答案并背诵该短文。inthemeantime,wipeout,copewith,expose,getridofLivingintheurbanareas,whenyoufeelstressed,howwillyou1.__________it?WheneverIfeeldown,Iusuallygotothesuburbasahikerto2.__________mypressure.3.__________totheblueskyandfreshair,Itakeagreedybreath.Duringthemonthlyhike,IappreciatewhateverIcansee,which4.__________mystress.5.__________,mymentalconditionreactstothesurroundingsactively.Igetbackmyoptimisticattitudetolifeandworkandcanbringeverythingundercontrol,whichfuelsmetogoahead.提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇appreciatev.欣赏;赏识;感激,感谢;理解;意识到(appreciationn.欣赏;感激;理解)appreciatedoing...欣赏/感激做……Iwouldappreciateitif...假如……我将不胜感激。inappreciationof欣赏;感激Iappreciated__________(give)theopportunitytoworkinthesuburbtwoyearsago.Pleaseacceptthisgiftin__________(appreciate)ofallyou’vedoneforus.如果你考虑我的建议我将感激不尽,我的确希望你的论文对环境保护有所帮助。(应用文写作之建议信)andIdohopethatyourpaperwillmakeadifferencetoenvironmentalprotection.用法点拨appreciate后不接不定式;其后只能接“事”作宾语,而不能接“人”作宾语;且其后不直接跟从句,需先接it,再接从句,类似用法的动词还有：like,enjoy,hate,love,take,have等。reactvi.反应;作出反应;回应(reactionn.反应;回应)reactto对……作出反应reactagainst反对;反抗reactwith与……起化学反应Ican’timaginehowmysisterwillreact__________thenewsthatshewillbeemployedbythebigfirmintheurbandistrict.Thechemistryteachershowsushowironreacts__________airandwater.父亲的反应让我很惊讶,我想知道他怎么能如此镇静。(读后续写之情感描写).Iwasanxioustoknowhowhecouldbesocalm.terrifyingadj.令人恐惧的;极其可怕的,骇人听闻的(terrifiedadj.恐惧的;害怕的terrifyvt.使恐惧,使惊吓terrorn.惊恐,恐惧)beterrifiedof对……感到惊恐beterrifiedat/by/with...被……吓了一跳interror惊慌地terrifysbintodoing...吓唬某人做……Thegreedygunman’sthreatsterrifiedherinto__________(hand)overhermoney.Afterhis__________(terrify)adventure,Macfeltrelievedwhenhereachedhomesafeandsound.我非常害怕,觉得两腿发抖,手心冒汗。(读后续写之心理描写),Ifeltmylegstremblingandmypalmssweating.consistv.组成;构成;在于;一致(consistentadj.一致的;连续的)consistof(＝bemadeupof,becomposedof)由……组成consistin(＝liein)在于……;存在于……consistwith和……一致beconsistentwith与……一致;符合Wecaninferfromthepassagethattruewealthdoesnotconsist__________whatwehavebut__________whatweare.Remember,evenworldchampionathletespracticetheirskillsona__________(consist)basis.(2020新高考全国Ⅰ)这个电影由两部分组成,介绍了我校的现状。Thefilm,twoparts,introducesthepresentsituationofourschool.Thefilm,twoparts,introducesthepresentsituationofourschool.(分词短语作定语)(定语从句)exposev.使置身于危险中;暴露;揭露;使曝光(exposuren.暴露,显露exposedadj.无遮蔽的;无保护的)exposesth/sb/oneselfto...使某物/某人/自己暴露于……beexposedto暴露于;经受__________(expose)tothegarbagefortoolongwillbeharmfultoyourhealth.Somepeoplethinkweshouldn’texposechildrento__________(play)computergames.Asshewasexposedtosuchloudmusic,thegirlfeltalittleuncomfortable.→,thegirlfeltalittleuncomfortable.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)→,thegirlfeltalittleuncomfortable.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)that引导同位语从句Thereisevidencethaturbanracoonsaremoreintelligentthantheirwildcousins...有证据表明,城市里的浣熊比它们的野生近亲更聪明……that引导的同位语从句常作news,fact,hope,idea,suggestion,promise,truth等名词的同位语。that引导同位语从句和定语从句时的区别在于：引导定语从句时,that为关系代词,在从句中作主语或宾语,有意义;而引导同位语从句时,that在从句中只起引导词的作用,不作成分,没有意义。Theidea__________theintelligentrobotscanreacttohumanvoicessurprisesmanypeople.Hemadeapromisetohisson__________madehissonexcitedallday.这些年来地球逐渐变暖的事实,使许多科学家感到担忧。Thefacthasworriedmanyscientists.(2022全国乙)VerysmalldroneswithadvancedsensorsandAIandtravellingaheadofthetraincouldguideitlikeaco-pilot.带有先进传感器和人工智能的小型无人机,在火车前面行驶的话,就可以像副驾驶员一样指引火车。(2022全国乙)Theyoftencoveronlytheireyeswiththeirhands,leavingtherestoftheirbodiesexposed.他们通常只用手遮住眼睛,身体的其他部分都暴露在外。(2021新高考全国Ⅰ)Thiswasthesortofworkthatmadeyouappreciatethedollarsyouearnedandrespectthosewhodidthework.这种工作能让你学会重视自己的劳动所得,并尊重做那些工作的人。(2021天津第二次笔试)Mohaniscautiousaboutthisapproach,yetshesupportsthepurposebehindthesedigitalbeingsandisoptimisticaboutwheretheyareheaded.Mohan对这种方法持谨慎态度,但她赞成这些数字存在背后的目的,并对他们的未来持乐观态度。(2020新高考全国Ⅰ)AccordingtoarecentstudyintheJournalofConsumerResearch,boththesizeandconsumptionhabitsofoureatingcompanionscaninfluenceourfoodintake.根据《消费者研究杂志》最近的一项研究,我们吃饭同伴的体型和消费习惯都会影响我们的食物摄入量。(2020浙江1月)SchooluniformsaretraditionalinBritain,butsomeschoolsarestartingtogetridofthem.穿校服在英国是传统,但一些学校已经开始摆脱这种穿校服的传统了。提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍advanceA.vt.提高,促进B.vi.前进;向前移动C.adj.预先的D.n.进步Thecrazymanadvancedtowardsus,shoutingangrily.Bycomparison,thisnewlearningmethodadvancedourcareer.Thelastdecadesawmanyadvancesintechnology,andthenextfewyearswillseemore.Pleasegiveusadvancewarningofanychanges.快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思。Apparently,highsalarieshelpedtofuelinflation.Thedoctoradvisedmetotakeacapsulethismorning.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识It’sestimatedthatinthepast50yearsaround80percentofBeijing’scourtyardhouseshavebeenwiped__________.Weallenjoyourfreedomofchoiceanddonotliketoseeit__________(restrict)whenitiswithinthelegalandmoralboundariesofsociety.Itwouldbesaferfora__________(hike)towearapairofjeansorpants.It__________(infer)thatecologyhasbeendamagedinthisarea.I’dappreciate__________ifyoucouldmakehelpfulcommentsonmywork.Ifcircumstancespermit,Iwillgoontalkingaboutthecrucialproblem,whichisdifficulttocope__________.Itis__________(crucial)importantthatwetakeactiontotackletheincident.Thoughhegotwhathehadwanted,helookedattheshopwindowwith__________(greed)eyes.MrWangisjustoneofthevictims,fromwhosehouses__________(thief)stolesubstantialsumsofmoney.Tohismother’sdelight,hemadeagreatadvance__________English.单句写作——应用文增分练(感谢即将回国的友人曾经提供帮助)我写信是为了对你的帮助表示衷心的感谢。(appreciation)两个月前我的腿受伤时,我别无选择,只能待在医院里,情绪低落。(havenochoicebuttodo)如果不是因为你每天帮助我在线学习,我不可能顺利地学习英语。(that引导同位语从句)毫无疑问,是你不断的鼓励和积极的生活态度引导我走出低落的情绪。(There’snodoubt...)我想知道你回国后是否会继续与我保持联系,并希望我们永远是朋友。(if引导宾语从句)微型写作——续写提能练[教材续写语料]动作描写appreciatev.欣赏,赏识;感激restrictv.限制wipev.擦,拭copewith应对,应付getridof摆脱,除去人物描写greedyadj.贪婪的optimisticadj.乐观的firefightern.消防人员newcomern.新来者环境描写seasideadj.海滨的n.海边heatwave热浪期,酷热期hostileadj.(生长环境)恶劣的dustn.尘土,沙土[续写语料运用]请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇,完成以下语段。然后核对答案并背诵该语段。去年夏天有一场热浪,我父母带我去海边玩了几天。爸爸建议我们在海里冲浪,但我认为我不能应付这种情况。我认为我什么也不擅长,只能欣赏别人表演。“来吧,”爸爸鼓励我。挣扎了一会儿之后,我决定试一试,竟然成功了。只有当我在冲浪后擦拭身上的水时,我才意识到我应该乐观并且相信自己。Therewasaheatwavelastsummerandmyparentstookmetospendafewdaysattheseaside.Mydadsuggestedthat,butI.IthoughtIwasn’tgoodatanythingand.“Comeon,”mydadencouragedme.,Idecidedtohaveatryandsurprisinglymadeit.OnlywhenIwipedthewateronmeaftersurfingdid.词形变化填空(每小题2.5分,共15分)Ididn’timagineheshouldhave__________sostronglywhenhewasexposedtostress,andhis__________annoyedmostofus.(react)Withthehelpofthe__________technology,thefirefighterscancompletethetaskin__________.(advance)ThroughTV,kidshaveregular__________toviolence.Itisbadto__________kidstosuchthingsandweshouldmakekids__________tosomegoodbooks.(expose)Amongallthepeopleweshould__________,ourparentsaretheoneswhodeserveour__________most.(appreciate)Expertsadvise__________nottobuymoregroceriesuntilthey’vealreadybeen__________.Thisiscalledrational__________.(consume)Hearingthe__________news,shewas__________ofgoingout