2021年长沙中考复习-语篇阅读

语篇阅读

♦题型特点

这一题型着重测试学生理解性阅读的能力，是中考必考题型，试题通常有以下几种类型：主

旨大意题、细节题、推断题和猜测词义题。

Q主旨大意题

主旨大意题题干常见的问句形式

1.主旨句设可类型

Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?

Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?

Wecanconclude/learnfromthepassage?

Thewriterwritesthepassageinorderto

2.最佳标题选择类型Thebesttitleforthispassageis.

3.作者主旨意图类型

Whatdoesthewriterwanttotell/showus?

Whichcanexpressthepurposeofthewriteraccordingtothepassage/text?

主旨大意题的解题方法

主旨大意题一定要注意文章的首尾两段。

1.如果首尾两段的主旨表达是一致的那么文章的主旨便是两段重复表明的语句内容表达。找

出选项中与归纳的主旨表达重复最多的选项即为最佳答案。

2.如果首尾两段的主旨表达不一致，则需要观察文章的段落篇幅量是倾向于首段或是尾段,

从而确定主旨段落。

群()55.Thewriterwritesthepassageinorderto.

()55.Whatcanwelearnfromthearticle?

Q细节题

细节事实题题干常见的问句形式

1.TrueorNOTtrue是非判断类型

WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthepassage?

WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasoneofthereasonsfor...?

是非判断一般都遵循对照选项进行“三对一错或三错一对”的判断。若该信息句是长句或难

句，要学会找出其主干部分。分析句子结构，正确理解信息句的意义。一定要注意的是，要

所答是所问。

2.细节理解WhichoneisnotmentionedinparagraphX?等根据文章提出的具体问题。

M7.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?

3.特殊疑问词提问类型

Howmany...?What/who/when/where/how/why...?

的46.WhodothevolunteerfromThreadhelp?

由53.HowmanyactivitiespeoplecandoduringtheQingmingFestivalarementioned（提至【J）in

thepassage?

3.排序题类型（较少出现）Whichoftheordersiscorrect/rightaccordingtothepassage?

曲41.WhichofthefollowingistheRIGHTorderaccordingtothepassage?

①Andrew'sfathersawthekillifish.

②Andrewbecameasuccessfulbusinessman.

©Andrewgottendollarsfromhisfather.

©Andrewhelpedhisuncleinthestore.

5.例证题类型TheauthorgivestheexampleinparagraphXinorderto...

例证题一定要注意以forexample,suchas等关键入手处，找出细节出处。排序题要先

仔细观察选项，找出首尾相同的选项分组，进而通过具体细节信息比较进行排除和选择。

6.表唯一或顺序细节概念题类型：…themost/〜est.Jtheonly/thefirst

的57.Thewriterofthefirstkindoftravelbooksgavehisideasafterhe.

唯一细节题一定要仔细审题，弄清题干所需。

案特别需要提醒的是选项中出现有most最高级）theonly（唯一）、all（所有）、none（全

否）修饰的细节，都具有绝对性，选择判断时要慎选。

细节事实题的解题方法

做这类题的一般方法是先要找出题干或是选项中的关键字，一般为数字、大写或人名地

名，再通过scanning快速确定该细节在文中的出处（信息源），仔细对照题干要求，排除或

选择。命题者在出这类题时惯用“偷梁换柱、张冠李戴”的手法来迷惑考生，即对原句细微处

做改动，截取原文词语或结构进行改造，因果倒置，把A的观点说成B的观点等。所以正

确理解题干和信息句的意义是关键。细节事实题还要十分注意句子的非主干成分。

。推断题

此类题的关键是要注意原文出现的语句不是我们做出的推理判断，而是原文给出的细节

信息，所以原文语句不能选。推理判断题分两种，即对细节的推理和对主旨的推理。主要以

Wecaninfer/imply/learnfromthispassageIhat...等进行提可。解决此类题要注意，是与

原文相同的细节不能选，二是文中没有出现的细节不能跳出文章做推断。解题过程中只要注

意上述两点，再结合做细节和主旨的方法，即可以做出推理判析题。

Q猜测词义题

猜测词义题主要考查学生根据上下文正确判断灵活变化的词义能力。一般情况下，推断

词义的题目中所出现的单词，大多数是学生未曾见过的生词，学生需要在该词出现的上下文

中去寻找线素。通过阅读上下文，断定该词的真正含义，然后将这个释义代入文中，检查是

否贴切，仔细比较直到得出该词的确切的合义。

1.通过因果关系猜词

通过因果关系猜词，借助关联词（如because,as,since,for,so,thus,asaresult,of

course,等等）表示前因后果。

wYoushouldn'thaveblamedhimforthatfbritwasn'thisfault通过for弓|出的句子所表示的

原因（那不是他的错），可猜出blame的词义是“责备”。

2.通过同义词和反义词的关系猜词

通过同义词猜词，一是要看由and或or连接的同义词词组，如h叩pyandgay,即使我们不

认识gay这个词，也可以知道它是愉快的意思；二是看在进步解释的过程中使用的同义词。

的ManhasknownsomethingabouttheplanetsVenus,Mars,andJupiterwiththehelpof

spaceship句中的Venus（金星）Mars（火星）、Jupiter（木星）均为生词，但只要知道planets

就可猜出这几个词都属于“行星"这一义域。

通过反义词猜词，一是看表转折关系的连词或副词，如but,while,however等；二是看

与not搭配的或表示否定意义的词语，

厮Heissohomely,notatallashandsomeashisbrother.根据notatall...handsome我们

不难推测出homely的意思，即不英俊、不漂亮的意思。

3.通过构词法猜词

在阅读文章时，我们总会遇上一些新词汇，有时很难根据上下文来推断其词意，而它们对文

章的理解又有着举足轻重的作用，此时，如掌握了一些常用的词根、前缀、后缀等语法知识，

这些问题便不难解决了

诙40.Whatmighttheunderlinedword“dishonest“meaninChinese?

51.Theunderlinedword“multi-meaning"probablymeansinthepassage.

4.通过定义或释义关系来推测词义

吐Butsometimesnorainfallsforalongtime.Thenthereisadryperiod,ordrought.从

drought所在句子的上文我们得知很久不下雨，于是便有一段干旱的时期，即drought,由此

可见drought意思为"久旱"，"旱灾"。而adryperiod和drought是同义语。这种同义

或释义关系常由is,or,thatisinotherwordsbecalled或破折号等来表示。

曲58.Theunderlinedphrase“aculturedperson“meansapersonwith.

<»•54.Whatdoesthephrasegetridofmeanisthelastparagraph?

真题训练

2020年长沙中考

C

OnJune9th,1870,CharlesDickensdiedattheageof58.Thenextday,aheadlineinThe

NewYorkTimesread:"DeathoftheGreatNovelist...WillBeRememberedbythePeople../

Theheadlinewasnotoverstating（夸大）thepopularityofDickens.Eventoday,theBritish

novelistislovedbyreadersallovertheworld.Dickenscreatedsomeunforgettablecharacters.

Youmusthaveheardoforevenreadsomeofhisnovels:OliverTwist,AChristmasCarolandA

TaleofTwoCities.ATaleofTwoCitieshassoldmorethan200millioncopies.Since1897,there

havebeenmorethan300filmandTVadaptations（改编版本）ofDickens'works.AChristmas

Carolalonehashadnearly50.

NatalieMcknightisaliteratureprofessor（文学教投）whostudiesDickensandhisworks.

Sheexplainswhythenovelisthasremainedsopopular.Oneimportantreason,shesays,isthat

Dickenswrotefromhisheart.Hetriedhardtoproduceemotionaleffects（'情感效果）amonghis

readers.Inhisworks,hepaidspecialattentiontothe"littleman"atthebottomofsocietyinthe

UK,whichdeeplymirroredthesocialrealityatthattime.AChristmasCarol,forexample,was

writtentomakeeveryreaderthinkabouthowtheycouldmakeadifferencetotheirsociety.

Peoplealwaysenjoyworksthatmakethemlaugh,cryandthink.Manyother19th-century

novelistswroteentertaining(娱乐的)works.However,fewofthemworkedashardasDickens

totouchthereadersdeeply.

Dickenswroteaboutsituationsandemotionsthatstillinterestpeopletoday.Heusedhis

pentofightsocialinequalitvandgavevoicetothepoor.Hisworksledtomanyimportantsocial

changes.Readersalwaysenjoyseeingpoorpeopleriseandsucceed.

Thisyearmarksthe150thyearofDickens'death.It'sanotherchancetorememberthisgreat

writer.Willyoureadorre-readsomeofhisfamousworks?

1.WhatisParagraph(段落)2mainlyabout?

A.PersonalityofDickens.

B.AppearanceofDickens.

C.PopularityofDickens.

2.Asanovelist,whyhasDickensremainedsopopular?

A.Hewroteforfun.

B.Hewrotefromhisheart.

C.Hemainlywrotefortheupperclass.

3.WhenpeoplereadDickensnovels,theycould.

①meetthe"littleman“atthebottomofsocietyintheUK

②knowaboutthesocialrealityatthattime

(3)notbeinfluencedbytheworksatall

(4)thinkabouthowtomakeadifferencetotheirsociety

A.①②③B.②③④C.①②④

4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"inequality"meaninParagraph4?

A.不平等B.不现实C,不稳定

5.Thepurposeofwritingthistextisprobablyto.

A.introduceCharlesDickens'lifeanddeath

B.encouragereaderstoreadorre-readCharlesDickens'works

C.presentthesimilaritiesbetweenCharlesDickensandotherwriters

答案：CBCAB

D

Haveyoueverseenasolarpanel（太阳能电池板）inyourneighborhood?Solarpanelstake

energyfromthesunandturnitintoelectricity.Overthepasttenyears,thepriceofsolarpanels

hasgonedowngreatly.Inmanypartsoftheworld,solarenergyisnowthecheapestformof

electricity.Moreandmorepeoplehavestartedusingsolarenergytopower（给..供电）their

homes.

However,solarpanelsalsohavetheirproblems.Theystopworkingatnightandonrainy

days.Isitpossibletomakethemproduceelectricityallofthetime?

ScientistsatSuzhouUniversity,China,haveinventedanewsolarpanelnow.Itcanproduce

electricitynotonlyfromsolarenergybutalsofromfallingrain.Whenaraindropfallsonthesolar

panelandthenrolls（滚动）down,itcreatesfriction（摩擦力）onthesurfaceofthepanel,which

canthenbeturnedintoelectricity.

SunBaoquanisoneoftheinventors.Z/Ournewinventioncanproduceelectricityinany

weatherduringtheday/hesays."Itcanevenprovideelectricityatnightifthereisrain.”

Thesolarpanel,however;doesnotmakemuchelectricityfromfallingrain.SoSunBaoquan

isstillworkinghardtoimproveit.Thescientistalsowantstomakesolarpanelsmoreflexible,

whichareassoftasclothing.

Thefieldofsolarenergyisdevelopingfast.Scientistsaroundtheworldhavebeenimproving

solarpanels.Somehavebeenworkingonwaystojoinsolarpanelsandwindpowertogether.

Somehavebeentryingtousesunlighttoproduceliquidandgasfuels（液体和气体燃料）.

6.Whichenergyisnowthecheapestformofelectricityinmanypartsoftheworld?

A.Solarenergy.B.Waterenergy.C.Windenergy.

7.Whatisoneoftheproblemsofcommonsolarpanels?

A.Thepriceofthemisrising.

B.Theycan'tworkallofthetime.

C.Theycanhardlypowerpeople'shomes.

8.Whyisthenewsolarpanelmorescientificanduseful?

A.Ithasalargersizethanacommonone.

B.Itproducesmoreelectricityfromfallingrainthansolarenergy.

C.Itcanproduceelectricitydayandnightandeveninrainyconditions.

9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“flexible“meaninParagraph5?

A.柔软的B.光滑的C.坚硬的

10.Wecaninfer（推断）fromthistextthat.

A.thereisnoroomfordevelopingsolarenergy

B.thereisnoendtotheresearchinthefieldofsolarenergy

C.solarenergyhascompletelytakentheplaceofotherkindsofenergy

答案：ABCAB

2019年长沙中考

C

Recently,ajuniorhighschoolsentseveralstudentsbackhomebecausetheybrokethe

schooluniform（校月艮）rules.Shouldstudentswearschooluniforms?TheYoungWorldmagazine

heldadiscussiononthistopic（话题）.

Kennedy:Theschooluniformisveryimportant,becauseitalwaysremindsmethatIam

supposedtogooutofmywaytostudyhard.Italsohelpspreventschoolbullying（欺凌）.If

everyonewearsthesameclothes,itisimpossibletolaughatotherpeople'sclothing.

Manson:Theuniformhastobeearned（获得）throughefforts.Studentsshouldstartschool

withnouniforms.Astheymakeprogressatschool,theystartwearingit.Ialwaysthinkchildren

needtobeproudoftheirschool.Theuniformisimportantforthat.So,makestudentsearnit!If

theydon'tperformwell,theyshouldnotbeallowedtogetone.

Moorhead:Inmyopinion,kidsdon'thavetowearuniforms.Thereshouldbemorechoices

opentokidsineducation.Theyoughttodeveloptheirownindependenceandjustbethemselves.

Theirpersonalitieswouldbeexpressedthroughtheirownclothesatschool.Anddifferentdress

couldbeonewayofshowingtheirunderstandingofbeauty.Besides,theymaketheschoollively

andcolorful.

Patrick:Icanseetheadvantagesofwearingschooluniforms.Theyplayaveryimportantrole

inmanagingschools.However,aschoolshouldnotdependheavilyonuniformstoimprove

students'behaviors.Teachingthemhowtoexpressthemselveswithconfidence（信ismore

important.

1.WhatdoesthewritermeantodoinParagraph1?

A.Presentanopiniononasubject.

B.Introduceatopicfordiscussion.

C.Provideawaytosolveproblems.

2.WhatisKennedyinthesecondparagraph?

A.Astudent.B.Ateacher.C.Aparent.

3.InManson'sopinion,.

A.studentshavetherighttogetschooluniformsforfree

B.studentsshouldbeencouragedtoearnschooluniforms

C.studentsperformingwellneedn'twearschooluniforms

4.AccordingtoPatrick,whatismoreimportant?

A.Managingschoolsbyuniforms.

B.Improvingstudents'behaviors.

C.Helpingstudentsexpressthemselvesconfidently.

5.Wecanlearnfromthetextthat.

A.Kennedycan'tstandschooluniforms

B.Moorheadisagainstschooluniformrules

C.thewriterholdsthesameopinionasPatrick's

答案：BABCB

D

ItisbelievedthatHuckFinnisbasedon（基于）achildhoodfriendofMarkTwain's.Infact,

Twainwasnotaloneinbasingafictionalcharacter（虚构的角色）onareal-lifeperson.

SeverusSnape/JohnNettleship

SeverusSnapeisaskillfulwizard（巫师）teachingmagicinHarryPotter.Thewriter,J.K.

Rowling,oncesaidthatthecharacterwasbasedonateacherofhers.

TheteacherturnedouttobeJohnNettleship,whotaughtRowlingchemistry.Atfirst,

Nettleshipfeltsurprised.a\knowIamastrictteacher;"hesaid."ButIdon'tthinkIamasbadas

Snape!”Onsecondthoughts,however;hesaidthathewassoill-temperedthatmostofhis

studentsavoidedmakinghimmad.Also,heusedtowearlonghairandhaveanuntidylab.That

soundsfamiliartoHarryPotterfans.

Alice/AliceLiddell

Famously,LewisCarroll'sAliceinAlice'sAdventuresinWonderlandisbasedonAliceLiddell.

CarrollwasclosetotheLiddellfamily.Oneday,ten-year-oldAliceaskedCarrolltotellhera

newstory.CarrollbegantocreatehisfamoustaleofAliceandwhathappenedaftershefell

throughtherabbithole.Thelittlegirllikedthestorysomuchthatsheaskedhimtowriteitdown.

Andtherestishistory.

Dill/TrumanCapote

InToKillaMockingbird,HarperLeebasedDillonherchildhoodfriend,TrumanCapote.

Capoteoncesaid,“Leewasmybestfriend.HaveyoueverreadToKillaMockingbird?I'ma

characterinthatstory!Thestorytakesplacejustinthetownwherewelived!w

6.SnapeandNettleshiphavesomethingincommonEXCEPT.

A.theirjobsB.theirlooksC.theirhobbies

7.Whatdoestheunderlinedword""/-tempered“meaninParagraph3?

A.沉着冷静的B.优柔寡断的C.脾气暴躁的

8.WhatmadeCarrolldecidetocreateAlice/sAdventuresinWonderland?

A.AliceLiddell'srequirement.

B.Hisgreatinterestinrabbits.

C.Hisexperienceoftravelling.

9.BeingacharacterofToKillaMockingbird,TrumanCapotefelt.

A.proudB.unsatisfiedC.surprised

10.Thetextismainlyabout.

A.purposesofwritingfictionalstories

B.introductionstofamouswriters'childhoodfriends

C.charactersoffictionalstoriesfromreal-lifepersons

答案：CCAAC

2018年长沙中考

C

Afterwandering（闲逛）aroundinthecityforalongtimeElTomfinallyfoundhimselfstanding

infrontofthepalace.Helookedthroughitsgoldengate团hopingtotakealookatarealprince（王

子）.

Thereweresomeguards（卫兵）standingatbothsidesofthegateTom团dressedbadly团was

movingnervouslypastthemwhenhesuddenlycaughtsightofawell-dressedboywhowas

followedbyseveralservants.Hewasnodoubttheprince团

Tomwasexcited.Hewantedtogetclosetotheprinceandhaveagoodlookathim.However团

aguardsawhimandstoppedhimrudely（粗鲁地）.

Theyoungprince团whosenamewasEdward团wasangrywiththeguardforhisrudeness.He

askedtheguardtoopenthegateandtookTomtohisroominthepalace.

Thetwoboysbecamegoodfriends.TheyevenexchangedtheirclothesafterTomtold

Edwardthathehaddreamtaboutdressinglikeaprince团Astheystoodsidebysideinfrontofa

greatmirror团theyweresurprisedtofindthattheylookedalmostliketwins!

Thetwoboyswereineachother'sclotheswhenEdwardsuddenlynoticedabruise（淤伤）on

Tom'shand.HesoonrealizedthatitwascausedbytheguardwhohadstoppedTomrudely.lna

momenttatheyoungprinceranoutoftheroom.Hedecidedtopunishtheguard.

However团theguarddidn'trealizethattheprincewasinTom'soldwornclothes.Hehit

Edwardheavilyontheearandthrewhimoutofthepalace.

1.WhydidTomlookthroughthegateofthepalace回

A.Totalkwiththeguard.

B.Toaskforaplacetolivein.

C.Tohavealookatarealprince.

2.HowdidTomfeelwhilemovingpasttheguards回

A.Nervous.B.Excited.C.Proud.

3.WhenTomwasstopped[?!Edwardgotmadbecauseof.

A.thebadmannersofTom

B.thestrictrulesofthepalace

C.therudebehavioroftheguard

4.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassaged

A.EdwardandTomweretwinbrothers.

B.Edwardwaskind团caringandfriendly.

C.Edwardwastiredoflivinginthepalace.

5.Wecaninfer（fffi®r）fromthepassagethat.

A.bloodisthickerthanwater

B.twoheadsarebetterthanone

C.neverjudgepeoplebytheirlooks

答案：CACBC

D

Elephantsarethelargestlandanimalsalivetoday.Africanelephantsliveinfamilygroups

calledherds（群）.Alloftheelephantsintheherdtakecareofeachother.Theleaderoftheherdis

anoldmotherelephant.Sheisthematriarch（族长）.Aherdmayhaveasfewaseightorasmany

aslOOelephants.Theotherelephantsfollowthematriarchbecausesheknowshowtokeepthem

safefromcomingdanger.

ElephantslearnbywatchingandcopyingotherelephantsSandalsolearnfromlife.Baby

elephantsstaywiththeirmothersuntiltheyarefullygrownatabouttenyearsold.Elephantslive

tobe50or60yearsold.日ephantsaresmartanimalswithlongmemories.Inthedryseason团a

matriarchcanrememberwherewaterwasfoundinthepast.Theherdwillfollowherthere.She

canalsorememberthesafestplaceforbabyelephantstocrossafast—movingriver.

Elephantstalktoeachotherwithrumblingsounds.Somerumblingsoundsaresolowand

deepthatpeopleareunabletohearthem.Elephantshearsoundsnotonlywiththeirears0but

alsowiththeirfeet团andeventrunks（longnosesoftheelephants）.Theyalsogreeteachotherby

touchingwiththeirtrunksandfeet.Ifdangerappears团mothersbeattheirearstocalltheirbabies

tothem.

Otheranimalsdon'tusuallyattack（攻击）elephants.Howeveriilalionmighttrytoattacka

sickelephantorababy.Ifthishappens团theadultelephantscirclearoundthebabyelephants.The

adultsmakeloudersoundsandhitthegroundwiththeirtrunks.Thematriarchputsherself

betweenthelionandtheherd.Shebeatsherearsouttomakeherselflookevenlarger.Thenshe

lowersherherdandattackstheenemy（敌人）inabigcloudofdust（灰尘）.

6.AccordingtoParagraph（段落）One团anelephantherd.

A.hasafatherelephantastheleader

B.ownsamatriarchwhokeepsitawayfromdanger

C.alwayshasseveralleadersandhundredsofelephants

7.Longmemorieshelpelephantsto.

A.choosetheirmatriarch

B.communicatewitheachother

C.findwaterandcrosstheriver

8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"rumbling"mean0

A.低沉的B.尖细的C.高亢的

9.Whydotheadultelephantscirclearoundtheirbabies团

A.Tokeeptheirbabiessafe.B.Towelcometheirfriends.C.Toattacktheirenemies.

10.Thepassagemainlytellsusabout.

A.whytheelephantsliveinherds

B.whattheelephants'livinghabitsare

C.howtheelephantsavoidbeingattacked

答案：BCAAB

模拟训练

（-）

Inmanymovies,therearesometimescharacterswhohavechips（芯片）implanted（植入）in

theirheads.Thismightcometrueverysoon.

Neuralink,USbusinessmanElonMusk'scompany,hasdevelopedachipthatwasimplanted

intotheheadofapig.OnAug28,Muskdidalivestream（直播）onhowitworksbyshowingthe

signaltransmission（信号传输）.

Thechipisthesizeofacoin.Ithasover3,000electrodes（电极）thatcanmonitor（监测）

about1,000neurons（神经元）.Sointhelivestream,whilethepigwasbreathing,peoplecouldsee

itsbrainactivityonalargescreen.Ifthistechnologyisusedonhumans,afterthechippicksup

signalsinthebrain,thesesignalswillbesenttonearbycomputersorAPPsandthenbetranslated

intoactions,suchasmovinganarmorleg.

Ifsnotadreamforpeopletouseasmallchiptochangetheirlifewiththeirminds.Fornow,

thegoalistouseittohelpdisabledpeople.Theycouldcontrolartificiallimbs（假肢）withtheir

mindsandmovearoundmoreeasily.Peoplecouldevenusethetechnologytoplayvideogamesor

drivecars.However,thereisstillalongwaytomakethesethingshappen.Thechipcansend

signalsfromabout500neuronsinthepig'sbrain.

However,thehumanbrainhas80billionneurons.Also,itisnotsafetoimplantthechipyet,

asitcouldharmthebrain.Hackers（黑客）couldalsohackintothechipandcontrolothers'

thoughtsandfeelings.Thereisanotherproblem,too.Whenhumansareconnectedtocomputers,

aretheystillhumans?

1.Whatcanweknowfromthepassage?

A.ThechipwasinventedbyaUKcompany.

B.Thereisacoininthenewchip.

C.Apigwasusedinthetest.

2.Therightprocessofsignaltransmissionis.

A.brain►chip►computer

B.brain>action>computer

C.chip►brain>action

3.WhatdoesParagraph4mainlytellusaboutthetechnology?

A.Theabilityithastocontrolbrainactivity.

B.Theinfluencesitwillhaveonpeople'slife

C.Theproblemsitmightbringtohumans.

4.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?

A.There5remoreadvantagesofthetechnologythanrisks.

B.Thechipwillbeimplantedintohumanbrainssoon.

C.Moreresearchesshouldbedoneonthetechnology.

5.Howdoesthewriterfeelaboutthedevelopmentofthechip?

A.Hopeful.B.Doubtful.C.Disappointed.

答案：CABCB

（二）

Youlikemoney,right?Mostpeopledo.Butwhatisitreallyworth?Usually,itwillbuythe

goodsandservicesthatyouexpect.Butsometimesit'sworthlessthanthepaperthatit'sprinted

on.Iknowthatsoundshardtobelieve,butit'shappenedbefore.

DuringWWI（WorldWarI）,theFrenchandtheGermansgotintoafight.Millionsdiedand

billionsofdollarswerespentbecauseofthewar.TheFrenchpaidforlossbytaxing（征税）their

people.ButtheGermansborrowedmoneytopayforthewar.AstheGermansborrowedmoreand

moremoney,thevalueoftheirmoneydroppedgreatly.

Thingsgotmuchworseafterthewarended.SinceFrancewonthewar,theGermanshadto

payanindemnity（赔款）.FrancewantedbillionsofUSdollarseachyear,notinGermanMarks（马

克）.TheGermanshadnochoicebuttoprintGermanMarksandthentradeditforUSdollars.

Astheyprintedmoreandmore,themoneywasworthlessandless.Thingssoonwentoutof

control.ByNovemberof1920,oneUSDollarcouldbuy4,210,500,000Marks.Thevalueoftheir

moneydroppedsofastthatGermanworkers,aftertheygotpaid,hadtogotothestorerightaway.

Iftheywaiteduntiltheday'send,theirmoneywouldbeworthless.Apieceofbreadcost

200,000,000,000Marks.Thatmadelifedifficultifyouwerenotgoodatmath.Someevenburned

theoldbillstokeepwarm.

Thisiscalledinflation（通货膨胀），whichmaycauseseriouseconomic（经济的）andsocial

problems.Luckily,withgreateffortsofthegovernment,theeconomyofGermanyfinally

recoveredandthingscamebacktonormalyearslater.

Sowhileyouarerunningaftermoney,rememberthatmoneyisjustapromise,andthat

promisescanbebroken.

6.ThepurposeofParagraph1isto.

A.showtheimportanceofmoney

B.leadintotheinflationinGermany

C.introducethehistoryofWWI

7.HowdidtheGermanspayforthewarduringWWI?

A.Theyaskedhighertaxfromtheirpeople.

B.Theyborrowedmoneyfromothercountries.

C.Theyprintedmoreandmoremoney.

8.IfyoulivedinGermanyin1920,youshould.

A.buywhatyouneededassoonasyougotpaid

B.gobacktoschoolandlearnmathwell

C.burnallthemoneysincetheywereofnouse

9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"recover"mean?

A,衰败B.复苏C.繁荣

10.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.WorldWarI:AFightforWealth

B.Money:AWorthlessThingforLife

C.Inflation:APainfulLessontoGermany

答案：BBABC

（三）

People,especiallychildren,likecomicstrips（连环画）innewspapersandmagazines.Whois

yourfavoritesuperhero?Spider-man?WonderWoman?Theseheroeshavebeenaroundforalong

time.Butcomicscameoutevenearlier.Inancienttimes,peoplemadefunnydrawingsofanimals

onpaper.

Modemcomicstripscameoutduringthe1800sandtheirstylehasremainedmuchthesame.

Thesecomicsaredrawninconnectedboxes.Theboxesusuallyshowaninterestingstory.Some

comicstripsareprintedinnewspapers.Theyoftencontinuefromdaytoday.Somepeopleeven

readthecomicsbeforetheyreadthefrontpage.

Comicbooksfirstappearedduringthe1930s.Itseemedthateveryonewantedtoreadthem.

Peoplelovedreadingabouttheadventures（冒险）oftheManofSteelandBatman.Duringthe

1940s,theworldwasatwarandsomecomicbookcharacters,suchasCaptainAmerica,reflected

thetimes.Others,suchasBugsBunnyandDaffyDuck,madepeoplelaughduringthisterrible

timeinhistory.

Afterthewar,peoplebecamelessinterestedinoldcomicbookcharacters,sonew

superheroeshadtobemade.Thenewsuperheroes,suchasFantasticFour,X-MenandSpider-man,

talkedandactedmorelikerealpeople.Astimewenton,comicbookshadtocompetewithTV

becauseTVwasofferingpeoplealotofinterestingthingstowatchinstead.

Comicstripsareusuallygoodforalaugh.Theytakepeopleawayfromtheirdailylivesand

intoanotherworld.Inthisworld,theheroalwayswins,andfailureonlycometothebadguys.

11.Fromthefirsttwoparagraphs,wecanknowthat.

A.comicshasalongerhistorythanthesuperheroWonderWoman

B.duringthe1800s,thestyleofmoderncomichaschangedalot

C.peopleweremoreinterestedinthenewsthanthecomicsinnewspapersduringthe1800s

12.Theunderlinedword"they"inparagraphtworefersto.

A.boxesB.comicstripsC.newspapers

13.Duringthe1940s,peoplereadcomicbooksto.

A.enjoytheadventuresofBatman

B.keeppositiveduringthewar

C.makefunofpeople

14.Accordingtoparagraph4,wecaninferthat.

A.comicbooksarenotpopularanymore

B.thenewsuperheroescouldtalkandinteractwithhumans

C.comicbooksarefacingbigchallengesinmodernsociety

15.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.Thedevelopmentofcomicstrips.

B.Thereasonwhypeoplelovecomicstrips.

C.Theintroductiontosuperheroesincomicstrips.

答案：ABBCA

（四）

OnJuly23rd,ChinasuccessfullysentitsfirstMarsprobe（探测器）byLongMarch