高考试题英语江苏卷解析版

绝密★启用前本试题卷共16页，81题。全卷满分150分。考试用时120分钟。第一部分听力(共两节,满分20分)做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每题1分,满分5分)听下边5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最正确选项,并标在试卷的相应地点。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间往返答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.19.15.B.9.18.C.9.15.答案是C。1.Whattimeisitnow?A.910.B.950.C.1000.2.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheweather?A.It’’’scold.3.Whatwillthemando?A.Attendameeting.B.Givealecture.C.Leavehisoffice.4.Whatisthewoman’sopinionaboutthecourse?A.Toohard.B.Worthtaking.C.Veryeasy.5.Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantodo?A.Speaklouder.B.Apologizetoher.C.Turnofftheradio.第二节(共15小题;每题1分,满分15分)听下边5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最正确选项,并标在试卷的相应地点。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段资料,回答第6、7题。6.HowlongdidMichaelstayinChina?A.Fivedays.B.Oneweek.C.Twoweeks.7.WheredidMichaelgolastyear?A.Russia.B.Norway.C.India.听第7段资料,回答第8、9题。8.WhatfooddoesSallylike?A.Chicken.B.Fish.C.Eggs.9.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodo?A.Cookdinner.B.Goshopping.C.Orderdishes.听第8段资料,回答第10至12题。10.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inahospital.B.Intheoffice.C.Athome.11.Whenisthereportdue?A.Thursday.B.Friday.C.NextMonday.12.WhatdoesGeorgesuggestStephaniedowiththereport?A.Improveit.B.Handitinlater.C.Leaveitwithhim.听第9段资料,回答第13至16题。13.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Salespersonandcustomer.B.Homeownerandcleaner.C.Husbandandwife.14.Whatkindofapartmentdothespeakersprefer?A.Onewithtwobedrooms.B.Onewithoutfurniture.C.Onenearamarket.15.Howmuchrentshouldonepayfortheonebedroomapartment?A.＄350.B.＄400.C.＄415.16.Whereistheapartmentthespeakerswouldliketosee?A.OnLakeStreet.B.OnMarketStreet.C.OnSouthStreet.听第10段资料,回答第17至20题。17.Whatpercentageoftheworld’steaexportsgotoBritain?A.Almost15%.B.About30%.C.Over40%.18.Whydoteatasterstasteteawithmilk?A.MostBritishpeopledrinkteathatway.B.Teatastesmuchbetterwithmilk.C.Teawithmilkishealthy.19.Whosuggestsapriceforeachtea?A.Teatasters.B.Teaexporters.C.Teacompanies.20.Whatisthespeakertalkingabout?A.Thelifeofteatasters.B.AfternoonteainBritain.C.TheLondonTeaTradeCentre.【答案】1-5ACABC6-10BABCB11-15ABCAB16-20CBAAC第二部分:英语知识运用(共两节,满分35分)第一节:单项填空(共15小题;每题1分,满分15分)请阅读下边各题,从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最正确选项,并在答题卡大将该项涂黑。例:Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild_____heorshewants.答案是B。21.Thenumberofsmokers,_____isreported,hasdroppedby17percentinjustoneyear.【答案】D考点：定语从句22.Schoolsshouldbelivelyplaceswhereindividualsareencouragedto_____totheirgreatestpotential.【答案】D【分析】试题剖析：句意：学校应当是鼓舞个体最大限度地发展潜能的地方。A项“加快，加快”；B项“改良，提升”；C项“表现”；D项“发展”。应选D项。考点：动词词义辨析23.—Jim,canyouworkthisSunday?—________?I’vebeenworkingfortwoweeksonend.【答案】A【分析】试题剖析：句意：—Jim，周末你能加班吗？—为何是我？我连续工作两周了。A项“为何是我？”；B项“为何不呢?”；C项“假如……会如何?”；D项“那又怎么样?”。只有A项切合语境。应选A项。考点：社交用语24.Muchtime_____sittingatadesk,officeworkersaregenerallytroubledbyhealthproblems.【答案】C考点：独立主格构造25._____LiBai,agreatChinesepoet,wasbornisknowntothepublic,butsomewon’tacceptit.【答案】C【分析】试题剖析：句意：李白是中国一位伟大的诗人，他的出生地是尽人皆知的，但有些人不肯接受这一事实。剖析句子构造可知，agreatChinesepoet做LiBai的同位语，is前面是主语从句。比较选项只有where切合句意，where在从句中做地址状语。应选C项。考点：名词性从句26.Itissocoldthatyoucan’tgooutside_____fullycoveredinthickclothes.【答案】B【分析】试题剖析：句意：外面太冷了，你不要出去，除非用厚衣服完好裹起来。A项“假如”；B项“除非”；C项“一旦”；D项“当……时候”。“unlessfullycovered”为“连词+省略构造”，增补完好为“unlessyouare”。应选B项。考点：连词辨析27.Theuniversitystartedsomenewlanguageprogramsto_____thecountry’sSilkRoadEconomicBelt.【答案】B考点：动词短语辨析28.Itmighthavesavedmesometrouble______theschedule.【答案】D【分析】试题剖析：句意：假如我早知道日程安排，可能会省去我一些麻烦。依据题干中mighthavesaved可知主句是对过去的虚构，从句应用ifIhadknown与主句保持一致。if虚构条件句中含有had时，可将if省去，同时将had提早组成倒装构造。应选D项。考点：虚构语气29.Thewholeteam_____CristianoRonaldo,andheseldomletsthemdown.【答案】C【分析】试题剖析：句意：全队都盼望克里斯蒂亚诺·罗纳尔多，他从未让他们绝望。A项“侍奉，等候”；B项“集中（注意力）于”；C项“盼望”；D项“号召，拜见”。应选C项。考点：动词短语辨析30.Therealreasonwhyprices____,andstillare,toohighiscomplex,andnoshortdiscussioncansatisfactorilyexplainthisproblem.【答案】A【分析】试题剖析：句意：过去和此刻价钱向来居高不下的真切原由很复杂，简洁的谈论解说这一问题没法让人满意。依据题干中“andstillare”的提示可知过去价钱也居高不下，故用一般过去时，表示过去的状态。应选A项。考点：时态31.Thepoliceofficersdecidedtoconductathoroughand_______reviewofthecase.【答案】A【分析】试题剖析：句意：警官决定对这起案件进行一次完全全面的审察。A项“综合的，全面的，有理解力的”；B项“复杂的”；C项“存心识的”；D项“至关重要的”。应选A项。考点：形容词词义辨析32.Someschoolswillhavetomake______inagreementwiththenationalsoccerreform.【答案】B【分析】试题剖析：句意：为了与国家的足球改革相适应，一些学校一定做出调整。A项“判断，抉择”；B项“调整”；C项“谈论，谈论”；D项“成就”。应选B项。考点：名词词义辨析33.—Whydidn’tyouinviteJohntoyourbirthdayparty?—Well,youknowhe’s_______.【答案】B考点：英语俗语34.Manyofthethingswenowbenefitfromwouldnotbearound_______ThomasEdison.【答案】D考点：介词短语辨析35.—GoandsaysorrytoyourMom,Dave.—I’dliketo,butI’mafraidshewon’tbehappywithmy______.【答案】C【分析】试题剖析：句意：—Dave，去跟你的妈妈致歉。—我想这样做，可是我担忧她对我的致歉不满意。A项“恳求”；B项“借口”；C项“致歉”；D项“遗憾，懊悔”。应选C项。考点：名词词义辨析第二节:完形填空(共20小题;每题1分,满分20分)请阅读下边短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最正确选项,并在答题卡大将该项涂黑。IwasrequiredtoreadoneofBernieSiegel’sbooksincollegeandwashookedonhispositivityfromthatmomenton.Thestoriesofhisunconventional36andtheexceptionalpatientshewroteaboutwereso37tomeandhadsuchabig3839myowncancerexperience?I’manambitious40,andwhenIstartedgoingthroughchemo(化疗),eventhoughI’mavery41person,Ilostmydrivetowrite.Iwasjusttootiredandnotinthe42.Oneday,whilewaitingtogoinfor43,IhadoneofDr.Bernie’sbooksinmyhand.Anotherpatient44whatIwasreadingandstruckupaconversationwithme45hehadoneofhisbookswithhimaswell.It46thatamongotherthings,hewasaneighty-year-oldwriter.Hewas47apublishedauthor,andhewascurrently48onanewbook.Wewouldseeeachotheratvarioustimesand49friends.Sometimesheworeaduckhat,andIwouldtellmyself,hewasdefinitelya(n)5051onmyface.Heunfortunately52lastyearduetohiscancer,53heleftadeepimpressiononmeandgavemethe54topickupmypenagain.I55tomyself,“Ifhecandoit,thensocanI.”【答案】36.B37.A38.D39.C40.B41.A42.A43.D44.C45.B46.D47.D48.C49.A50.C51.B52.D53.B54.D55.C46.D观察动词短语。除此以外，他是一位八十岁的作家。A项“出现，第一版”；B项“锻炼，解决，拟订”；C项“证明是适合的，令人满意的”；D项“证明是，结果是”。itturnedoutthat是固定搭配，意为“结果是……，结果证明……”应选D项。47.D观察副词。句意：事实上，他是一位撰稿人，当前在写一本新书。A项“自然地”；B项“只是”；C项“有希望地”；D项“事实上”。应选D项。48.C观察动词搭配。依据句意可知，他当前在写一本新书。A项decideon“决定，确立”；B项investon“投资，花时间在……上”；C项workon“从事，忙于”；D项relyon“依靠，依靠”。应选C项。49.A观察动词。句意：我们老是在很多时候见到对方，成了朋友。A项“成为”；B项“帮助”；C项“错过”；D项“拜见”。应选A项。50.C观察名词。依据句意可知，他确实是Bernie的粉丝。A项“病人”；B项“操作员，接线员”；C项“粉丝”；D项“第一版商”。应选C项。51.B观察名词。依据句意可知，他的行为感染了我，使我在生活中面带浅笑。A项“标记，迹象，征兆”；B项“浅笑”；C项“标记”；D项“面罩”。应选B项。52.D观察动词短语。句意：他增补说道Jason由于不肯谎话没挣到钱。A项“出现，露面”；B项“出发，起程”；C项“摔倒”；D项“逝世（死的委宛表达）”。应选D项。53.B观察连词。句意：他昨年不幸死于癌症，但给我留下了深刻的印象。A项表示时间；B项表示转折；C项表示结果；D项表示原由。应选B项。54.D观察名词。句意：他激励我从头拾起纸笔。A项“指导”；B项“相信”；C项“时机”；D项“激励，激励，启迪”。应选D项。55.C观察名词。句意：我对自己说：“假如他能做到，我也能。”A项“许诺”；B项“郑重立誓”；C项thinktooneself“喃喃自语”；D项“回答”。应选C项。考点：记述文阅读第三部分:阅读理解(共15小题;每题2分,满分30分)请阅读以下短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最正确选项,并在答题卡大将该项涂黑。A56.AccordingtotheCode,visitorsshouldact_______.57.WhatareyouencouragedtodowhentravellinginNewZealand?A.Takeyourowncampingfacilities.B.Buryglassfarawayfromrivers.C.Followthetrackforthesakeofplants.D.Observesignstoapproachnestingbirds.【答案】56．A57．C考点：应用文阅读BIntheUnitedStatesalone,over100millioncell-phonesarethrownawayeachyear.Cell-phonesarepartofagrowingmountainofelectronicwastelikecomputersandpersonaldigitalassistants.Theelectronicwastestreamisincreasingthreetimesfasterthantraditionalgarbageasawhole.Electronicdevicescontainvaluablemetalssuchasgoldandsilver.ASwissstudyreportedthatwhiletheweightofelectronicgoodsrepresentedbypreciousmetalswasrelativelysmallincomparisontototalwaste,theconcentration(含量)ofgoldandotherpreciousmetalswashigherinSo-callede-wastethaninnaturallyoccurringminerals.Electronicwastesalsocontainmanypoisonousmetals.Evenwhenthemachinesarerecycledandtheharmfulmetalsremoved,therecyclingprocessofteniscarriedoutinpoorcountries,inpracticallyuncontrolledwayswhichallowmanypoisonoussubstancestoescapeintotheenvironment.Creatingproductsoutofrawmaterialscreatesmuchmorewastematerial,upto100timesmore,thanthematerialcontainedinthefinishedproducts.Consideragainthecell-phone,andimaginetheminesthatproducedthosemetals,thefactoriesneededtomaketheboxandpackaging(包装)itcamein.Manywastesproducedintheproducingprocessareharmfulaswell.“theproduction,distribution,anduseofproducts—aswellasmanagementoftheresultingwaste—allresultingreenhousegasrelease.”Individualscanreducetheircontributionbycreatinglesswasteatthestart—forinstance,buyingreusableproductsandrecycling.Inmanycountriestheconceptofextendedproducerresponsibilityisbeingconsideredorhasbeenputinplaceasanincentive(动机)forreducingwaste.Ifproducersarerequiredtotakebackpackagingtheyusetoselltheirproducts,wouldtheyreducethepackaginginthefirstplace?Governments’incentivetorequireproducerstotakeresponsibilityforthepackagingtheyproduceisusuallybasedonmoney.Why,theyask,shouldcitiesortownsberesponsibleforpayingtodealwiththebubblewrap(气泡垫)thatencasedyourtelevision?Fromthegovernments’pointofview,aprimarygoaloflawsrequiringextendedproducerresponsibilityistotransferboththecostsandthephysicalresponsibilityofwastemanagementfromthegovernmentandtax-payersbacktotheproducers.58.BymentioningtheSwissstudy,theauthorintendstotellusthat_________.A.theweightofe-goodsisrathersmallB.E-wastedeservestobemadegooduseofC.naturalmineralscontainmorepreciousmetalsD.thepercentageofpreciousmetalsisheavyine-waste59.Theresponsibilityofe-wastetreatmentshouldbeextended_________.A.fromproducerstogovernmentsB.fromgovernmentstoproducersC.fromindividualstodistributorsD.fromdistributorstogovernments60.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.Theincreaseine-waste.B.Thecreationofe-waste.C.Theseriousnessofe-waste.D.Themanagementofe-waste.【答案】58．B59．B60．D考点：科普说明文阅读CSupposeyoubecomealeaderinanorganization.It’sverylikelythatyou’llwanttohavevolunteerstohelpwiththeorganization’sactivities.Todoso,itshouldhelptounderstandwhypeopleundertakevolunteerworkandwhatkeepstheirinterestinthework.Let’sbeginwiththequestionofwhypeoplevolunteer.Researchershaveidentifiedseveralfactorsthatmotivatepeopletogetinvolved.Forexample,peoplevolunteertoexpresspersonalvaluesrelatedtounselfishness,toexpandtheirrangeofexperiences,andtostrengthensocialrelationships.Ifvolunteerpositionsdonotmeettheseneeds,peoplemaynotwishtoparticipate.Toselectvolunteers,youmayneedtounderstandthemotivationsofthepeopleyouwishtoattract.Peoplealsovolunteerbecausetheyarerequiredtodoso.Toincreaselevelsofcommunityservice,someschoolshavelaunchedcompulsoryvolunteerprograms.Unfortunately,theseprogramscanshiftpeople’swishofparticipationfromaninternalfactor(e.g.,“Ivolunteerbecauseit’simportanttome”)toanexternalfactor(e.g.,“IvolunteerbecauseI’mrequiredtodoso”).Whenthathappens,peoplebecomelesslikelytovolunteerinthefuture.Peoplemustbesensitivetothispossibilitywhentheymakevolunteeractivitiesamust.Oncepeoplebegintovolunteer,whatleadsthemtoremainintheirpositionsovertime?Toanswerthisquestion,researchershaveconductedfollow-upstudiesinwhichtheytrackvolunteersovertime.Forinstance,onestudyfollowed238volunteersinFloridaoverayear.Oneofthemostimportantfactorsthatinfluencedtheirsatisfactionasvolunteerswastheamountofsufferingtheyexperiencedintheirvolunteerpositions.Althoughthisresultmaynotsurpriseyou,itleadstoimportantpracticaladvice.Theresearchersnotethatattentionshouldbegivento“trainingmethodsthatwouldpreparevolunteersfortroublesomesituationsorprovidethemwithstrategiesforcopingwiththeproblemtheydoexperience”.Anotherstudyof302volunteersathospitalsinChicagofocusedonindividualdifferencesinthedegreetowhichpeopleview“volunteer”“VolunteeringinHospitalisanimportantpartofwhoIam.”Consistentwiththeresearchers’expectations,theyfoundapositivecorrelation(正有关)betweenthestrengthofroleidentityandthelengthoftimepeoplecontinuedtovolunteer.Theseresults,onceagain,leadtoconcreteadvice:“Onceanindividualbeginsvolunteering,continuedeffortsmightfocusondevelopingavolunteerroleidentity....ItemslikeT-shirtsthatallowvolunteerstoberecognizedpubliclyfortheircontributionscanhelpstrengthenroleidentity”.61.Peoplevolunteermainlyoutof______.62.WhatcanwelearnfromtheFloridastudy?A.Follow-upstudiesshouldlastforoneyear.B.Volunteersshouldgetmentallyprepared.C.Strategytrainingisamustinresearch.D.Volunteersareprovidedwithconcreteadvice.63.Whatismostlikelytomotivatevolunteerstocontinuetheirwork?A.Individualdifferencesinroleidentity.B.PubliclyidentifiablevolunteerT-shirts.C.Roleidentityasavolunteer.D.Practicaladvicefromresearchers.64.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?C.HowtoKeepVolunteers’InterestD.HowtoOrganizeVolunteerActivities【答案】61．D62．B63．C64．A考点：谈论文阅读DFreedomandResponsibilityFreedom’schallengeintheDigitalAgeisaserioustopic.Wearefacingtodayastrangenewworldandweareallwonderingwhatwearegoingtodowithit.Some2,500yearsagoGreecediscoveredfreedom.Beforethattherewasnofreedom.Thereweregreatcivilizations,splendidempires,butnofreedomanywhere.EgyptandBabylonwerebothtyrannies,oneverypowerfulmanrulingoverhelplessmasses.InGreece,inAthens(雅典),alittlecityinalittlecountry,therewerenohelplessmasses.AndAthenianswillinglyobeyedthewrittenlawswhichtheythemselvespassed,andtheunwritten,whichmustbeobeyediffreemenlivetogether.Theymustshoweachotherkindnessandpityandthemanyqualitieswithoutwhichlifewouldbeverypainfulunlessonechosetolivealoneinthedesert.TheAtheniansneverthoughtthatamanwasfreeifhecoulddowhathewanted.Amanwasfreeifhewasself-controlled.Tomakeyourselfobeywhatyouapprovedwasfreedom.Theyweresavedfromlookingattheirlivesastheirownprivateaffair.EachonefeltresponsibleforthewelfareofAthens,notbecauseitwasforcedonhimfromtheoutside,butbecausethecitywashisprideandhissafety.Theessentialbeliefofthefirstfreegovernmentintheworldwaslibertyforallmenwhocouldcontrolthemselvesandwouldtakeresponsibilityforthestate.Butdiscoveringfreedomisnotlikediscoveringcomputers.Itcannotbediscoveredonceforall.Ifpeopledonotprizeit,andworkforit,itwillgo.Constantwatchisitsprice.Athenschanged.Itwasachangethattookplacewithoutbeingnoticedthoughitwasoftheextremeimportance,aspiritualchangewhichaffectedthewholestate.IthadbeentheAthenian’sprideandjoytogivetotheircity.Thattheycouldgetmaterialbenefitsfromherneverenteredtheirminds.Therehadtobeacompletechangeofattitudebeforetheycouldlookatthecityasanemployerwhopaidhercitizensfordoingherwork.Nowinsteadofmengivingtothestate,thestatewastogivetothem.Whatthepeoplewantedwasagovernmentwhichwouldprovideacomfortablelifeforthem;andwiththisastheprimaryobject,ideasoffreedomandself-relianceandresponsibilitywereneglectedtothepointofdisappearing.Athenswasmoreandmorelookedonasacooperativebusinesspossessedofgreatwealthinwhichallcitizenshadarighttoshare.Athensreachedthepointwhenthefreedomshereallywantedwasfreedomfromresponsibility.Therecouldbeonlyoneresult.Ifmeninsistedonbeingfreefromtheburdenofself-dependenceandresponsibilityforthecommongood,theywouldceasetobefree.Responsibilityisthepriceeverymanmustpayforfreedom.Itistobehadonnootherterms.Athens,theAthensofAncientGreece,refusedresponsibility;shereachedtheendoffreedomandwasnevertohaveitagain.But,“theexcellentbecomesthepermanent”,Aristotlesaid.Athenslostfreedomforever,butfreedomwasnotlostforeverfortheworld.AgreatAmerican,JamesMadison,referredto:“Thecapacity(能力)ofmankindforself-government.”’sthoughtsuchanidealivesthoughunconsideredbytheworldofaction.Onecanneverbesurethatitisnotonthepointofbreakingoutintoactiononlysurethatitwilldososometime.65.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“tyrannies”inParagraph2referto?A.Countrieswheretheirpeopleneedhelp.B.Powerfulstateswithhighercivilization.C.Splendidempireswherepeopleenjoyfreedom.D.Governmentsruledwithabsolutepower.66.Peoplebelievinginfreedomarethosewho________.67.WhatchangeinattitudetookplaceinAthens?A.TheAtheniansrefusedtotaketheirresponsibility.B.TheAtheniansnolongertookprideinthecity.C.TheAtheniansbenefitedspirituallyfromthegovernment.D.TheAthenianslookedonthegovernmentasabusiness.68.Whatdoesthesentence“Therecouldbeonlyoneresult.”inParagraph5mean?A.Athenswouldcontinuetobefree.B.Athenswouldceasetohavefreedom.C.Freedomwouldcomefromresponsibility.D.FreedomwouldstopAthensfromself-dependence.69.WhydoestheauthorrefertoAristotleandMadison?A.Theauthorishopefulaboutfreedom.B.Theauthoriscautiousaboutself-government.C.TheauthorisskepticalofGreekcivilization.D.Theauthorisproudofman’scapacity.70.Whatistheauthor’sunderstandingoffreedom?A.Freedomcanbemorepopularinthedigitalage.B.Freedommaycometoanendinthedigitalage.C.Freedomshouldhavepriorityoverresponsibility.D.Freedomneedstobeguaranteedbyresponsibility.【答案】65．D66．C67．A68．B69．A70．D考点：历史文化类说明文阅读第四部分:任务型阅读(共10小题;每题1分,满分10分)请阅读下边短文,并依据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最适合的单词。注意:请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填一个单词。Peopleselectnewsinexpectationofareward.Thisrewardmaybeeitheroftwokinds.OneisrelatedtowhatFreudcallsthePleasurePrinciple,theothertowhathecallstheRealityPrinciple.Forwantofbetternames,weshallcallthesetwoclassesimmediaterewardanddelayedreward.Ingeneral,thekindofnewswhichmaybeexpectedtogiveimmediaterewardarenewsofcrimeandcorruption,accidentsanddisasters,sports,socialevents,andhumaninterest.Delayedrewardmaybeexpectedfromnewsofpublicaffairs,economicmatters,socialproblems,science,education,andhealth.Newsofthefirstkindpaysitsrewardsatonce.Areadercanenjoyanindirectexperiencewithoutanyofthedangersorstressesinvolved.Hecantremblewildlyatanaxe-murder,shakehisheadsympatheticallyandsafelyatahurricane,identifyhimselfwiththewinningteam,laughunderstandinglyatawarmlittlestoryofchildrenordogs.Newsofthesecondkind,however,paysitsrewardslater.Itsometimesrequiresthereadertotolerateunpleasantnessorannoyance—as,forexample,whenhereadsofthethreateningforeignsituation,themountingnationaldebt,risingtaxes,fallingmarket,scarcehousing,andcancer.Ithasakindof“threatvalue.”Itisreadsothatthereadermaybeinformedandprepared.Whenareaderselectsdelayedrewardnews,hepullshimselfintotheworldofsurroundingrealitytowhichhecanadapthimselfonlybyhardwork.Whenheselectsnewsoftheotherkind,heusuallywithdrawsfromtheworldofthreateningrealitytowardthedreamworld.Foranyindividual,ofcourse,theboundariesofthesetwoclassesarenotstable.Forexample,asociologistmayreadnewsofcrimeasasocialproblem,ratherthanforitsimmediatereward.Acoachmayreadasportsstoryforitsthreatvalue:hemayhavetoplaythatteamnextweek.Apoliticianmayreadanaccountofhislatestsuccessfulpublicmeeting,notforitsdelayedreward,butverymuchashiswifereadsanaccountofaparty.Inanygivenstoryofcorruptionordisaster,athoughtfulreadermayreceivenotonlytheimmediaterewardofindirectexperience,butalsothedelayedrewardofinformationandpreparedness.Therefore,whilethedivisionofcategoriesholdsingeneral,anindividual’stendencymaytransferanystoryfromonekindofreadingtoanother,ordividetheexperiencebetweenthetwokindsofreward.Whatnewsstoriesdoyouread?Divisionofnewsstories●Peopleexpecttoget(71)▲fromreadingnews.●Newsstoriesareroughlydividedintotwoclasses.●Somenewswillexcitetheirreadersinstantlywhileotherswon’t.(72)▲ofthetwoclasses●Newsofimmediaterewardwillseeminglytaketheirreaderstotheveryfrighteningscenewithoutactual(73)▲.●Readerswillassociatethemselvescloselywithwhathappensinthenewsstor