00015-英语二自学教程-unit12

英语（二）全国高等教育自学考试讲解人：GraceShaoUnit

12ABreakfromLifeFeelingFreeTextAIwokeupfeelingcranky（脾气坏的）.Ididn'twanttodohousework,thoughthelaundrywaspilingup.Ididn'twanttoreadtheworkIbroughthomefromtheoffice.Ididn'twanttodoanythingthatresembledresponsiblebehavior.Itwasthatkindofday.（承上总结句）一醒来我的心情就很糟糕。我不想做家务，尽管要洗的衣服已经堆积如山。我也不想理会那些我从办公室带回家的工作。我不想做任何负责任的事。这就是那样的一天。FeelingFreeTextAAsIdrankmymorningtea,IthoughtIfeltaheadachecomingon.Yes,thereitwas,adullthrob(跳动)justbehindmyeyes.MaybeIshouldgobacktobeduntilitsubsided（消退）.AsIputthedishesinthesink,itseemedthatmymuscleswerebeginningtoache.Orwastheacheinmyjoints?ThatcouldmeanIwascomingdownwiththeflu.（承上启下句）EveryoneIknewhadthefluthisyear.WhyshouldIbetheonetoescape（免于）it?Iabsolutelyshouldbeinbed.当我喝早茶的时候，我就感到阵阵头痛袭来。是的，就是，一阵隐隐约约的疼痛充斥着我的眼睛。或许，我应该继续睡觉直到疼痛消失。当我把盘子丢进水槽里的时候，我的肌肉好像也开始隐隐作痛。或许是我的关节在痛?那是不是我得了流感了呢?我认识的每个人今年都得了流感。凭什么我幸免于此?我的确应该躺在床上。FeelingFreeTextAIshuffled（拖步走）backtobed,wiggled（扭动）underthecoversandshutmyeyes.Anothercoupleofhoursofsleepwouldbesonice,butIwasalreadycompletelyawake.Ioughttogetup.Butno,therewasthatheadacheandthebeginningofasniffle（吸鼻子）.Bettergetthetissues.我拖拉着回到床上，在被子下扭动了下就闭上了眼睛。能再睡几小时就好了，可我现在已经完全清醒了。我应该起床。不，还是不要了。我的头还痛着，鼻子也开始抽抽搭搭了，我最好去拿些纸巾。FeelingFreeTextAOnmywaybackfromthebathroomwithafamily-sized（家用的）tissuebox,IstoppedtograbthatbignewnovelIhadboughtbuthadnotimetoread.Iopenedthebookandsettled（安顿）againstthepillows.我去浴室取了一盒家庭装的纸巾，在回到卧室的路上，我停下来抓起那本我早买了但一直没有时间看的大部头小说。我靠在枕头上打开了书。FeelingFreeTextAThemorningwasmovingalongandsowasmyreading.AnothertwentypagesandIwasstretching.Ishouldtrytocrack（找到解决…方法）thereportIwasworkingon.Ishouldatleastgetupanddothewash.WhatifIwascontagious?Icertainlydidn'twanttospreadanygerms.Thewashcouldwait.Myfamilywasresourcefulenoughtoscrounge（索取）clothingforthenextday.一早上就这样过去了，我的阅读也这样继续着。接着我又看了20页，我伸展了一下身体。我应该把那个我一直忙着的工作报告做完。或许，我至少应该起床，洗点衣服。要是我患了传染性感冒怎么办?我可不想传播细菌啊。那些脏衣服可以等等再洗。家人有足够的能力找到第二天能穿的衣服。FeelingFreeTextAMaybeIwasn'tactuallygettingtheflu.Ididn'treallywanttobesick.Tobetruthful,allIwantedwasalittletimeoff.Ineededtonurture(养育)myselfawayfrompeople,chores(琐事),careerandtheoutsideworld.DidIhavetowaittobesicktodothat?Asachild,theonlyrespite(暂停)fromschoolorfamilychoreswasillness.ButIwasn'tachildanymore.DidIhavetomanufacture(捏造)symptomstoprovidemyselfwithanexcuse?No,Idecided,Ididn't.或许我根本就没有感冒。我其实也并非真想生病。说实话，我只是想要一点闲暇的时间而已。我想让自己远离人群、琐事、职业以及外面的世界。我就非得等到生病了才能那样吗?孩子能不上课或不做家务的唯一方法就是生病，但我已经不再是个孩子了。我不得不装出生病的症状来给自己找借口吗?不，我决定了，我不需要。FeelingFreeTextAItalkedtomyself.Okay,Isaid,youneedadayoff.Admitit.Acceptit.Tossout(扔掉)theguiltandenjoyamini-vacation.Whatwouldyouliketodo?Read?You'realreadydoingthat.Pamper(纵容,放纵)yourself?Takeabubblebath.Beahermit(隐士)?Letthemachineanswerthephone.我和自己交谈，好的，我说，你需要休息一天。承认吧，接受吧，抛掉罪恶感，去享受这个小假期。那你想做些什么呢?阅读吗?你已经那么做了啊。要不就纵容一下自己，洗个泡泡浴?还是就做个隐士，让答录机去接电话呢?FeelingFreeTextAIpouredhalfthebottleofbathgelintothestreamingwaterandaddedahearty(大的)handfulofchamomile(春黄菊)bathsalts.ThenIlitavanilla-scented(香草味的)candleandgingerlysteppedintothebathtub.Withagratefulsigh,Iimmersedmyselfinmyhomemadespa.Iheardthephoneringsomewhereoffinthedistanceandsmiled.我在水中倒了半瓶沐浴露，还加了一大把甘菊浴盐，然后点起一支香草味的蜡烛，轻手轻脚地走进了浴缸里。我长舒了一口气，泡起了自制的水疗。我听见远处电话响起，笑而不应。FeelingFreeTextAItisfunnyhowtheachessubsidedintheheatofthetub.Theyjustslippedawaywiththelastofthebubblesdownthedrain.Myheadfeltjustfine,thethrobreplacedbyasenseofwell-being.真是有意思，在热气腾腾的浴缸里，那些疼痛竞消失得无影无踪了，它们都随着最后的泡泡流进了下水道里。我的头感觉好多了，眼痛也被美好的感觉取而代之。FeelingFreeTextABylateafternoon,Iwasbackatit(恢复原样),refreshedphysically,mentallyandemotionally.Andratherthanfeelinghelpless,Ifeltempowered.Ihadgivenmyselfpermissiontolistenandrespondtomyneeds,tocareformyselfthewayItendedto(注意,留心)myfamily.Ididn'tneedthecrutch(拐杖)ofillnesstojustifyarest.Itwassuchasimpleawareness,butthenisn'titthesimplethingsthatsetusfree?下午晚些时候，我恢复了精神，身体上，精神上，情绪上全都焕然一新。我也不再感到无助，反而感觉到充满力量。我给了自己倾听并满足自己需求的机会，像照顾家人一样关心了一下自己。我根本不需要生病这样的理由去休息。这其实是一个非常简单的意识，不过难道不是那些简单的事情让我们感到自由吗?FeelingFreeTextABylateafternoon,Iwasbackatit(恢复原样),refreshedphysically,mentallyandemotionally.Andratherthanfeelinghelpless,Ifeltempowered.Ihadgivenmyselfpermissiontolistenandrespondtomyneeds,tocareformyselfthewayItendedto(注意,留心)myfamily.Ididn'tneedthecrutch(拐杖)ofillnesstojustifyarest.Itwassuchasimpleawareness,butthenisn'titthesimplethingsthatsetusfree?下午晚些时候，我恢复了精神，身体上，精神上，情绪上全都焕然一新。我也不再感到无助，反而感觉到充满力量。我给了自己倾听并满足自己需求的机会，像照顾家人一样关心了一下自己。我根本不需要生病这样的理由去休息。这其实是一个非常简单的意识，不过难道不是那些简单的事情让我们感到自由吗?Self-EsteemandBodyImageTextBI'mfat.I'mtooskinny.I'dbehappyifIweretaller,shorter,hadcurlyhair,straighthair,asmallernose,biggermuscles,longerlegs.我很胖。我太瘦了。要是我能再高一点我就开心了。要是我能再矮一点我就开心了。要是我是卷发我就开心了。要是我是直发我就开心了。要是我的鼻子能再小一点我就开心了。要是我的肌肉能再发达点我就开心了。要是我的腿能再长点我就开心了。Self-EsteemandBodyImageTextBDoanyofthesestatementssoundfamiliar?（承上句）Areyouusedtoputtingyourselfdown(贬低;使出丑)?Ifso,you'renotalone.Asateen,you'regoingthroughatonof（大量的）changesinyourbody.Andasyourbodychanges,sodoesyourimageofyourself.Lotsofpeoplehavetroubleadjusting,andthiscanaffecttheirself-esteem.这些表述听起来熟悉吗?你经常贬损自己吗?如果是，那也不是你一个人这么做。十几岁的时候，你的身体会经历大量的变化。你的身体改变了，你的个人形象也改变了。很多人都很难调整适应这些变化，这就会影响到他们的自尊。Self-EsteemandBodyImageTextBWhyAreSelf-EsteemandBodyImageImportant?Self-esteemisallabouthowmuchpeoplevaluethemselves,thepridetheyfeelinthemselves,andhowworthwhile(=worthy)theyfeel.Self-esteemisimportantbecausefeelinggoodaboutyourselfcanaffecthowyouact.Apersonwhohashighself-esteemwillmakefriendseasily,ismoreincontrolofhisorherbehavior,andwillenjoylifemore.为什么自尊和自身形象这么重要?自尊就是关于人们如何评价自己，他们对自己的自豪感以及他们觉得自己的重要程度。自尊非常重要，因为自我感觉是否良好会影响到你的行为。自尊心强的人交朋友会比较容易，更能控制自己的行为，也更会享受生活。Self-EsteemandBodyImageTextBBodyimageishowsomeonefeelsabouthisorherownphysicalappearance.Formanypeople,especiallythoseintheirearlyteens,bodyimagecanbecloselylinkedtoself-esteem.That'sbecauseaskidsdevelopintoteens,theycaremoreabouthowothersseethem.（承上句）自身形象就是一个人对自己的外表感觉如何。对很多人来说，尤其是刚十几岁的时候，自身形象和自尊心的关系紧密，这是因为随着孩子们步入青春期，他们会更在意别人怎么看他们。Self-EsteemandBodyImageTextBWhatInfluencesaPerson'sSelf-Esteem?Puberty(青春期)Someteensstrugglewiththeirself-esteemwhentheybeginpubertybecausethebodygoesthroughmanychanges.Thesechanges,combinedwithanaturaldesiretofeelaccepted,meanitcanbetemptingforpeopletocomparethemselveswithothers.TheymaycomparethemselveswiththepeoplearoundthemorwithactorsandcelebstheyseeonTV,inmovies,orinmagazines.什么会影响一个人的自尊?青春期一些十几岁的孩子会在青春期开始时在自尊这个问题上比较纠结，这是由于他们的身体经历着许多变化造成的。身体上的变化，加上希望得到认可的内在渴望意味着他们会很难不把自己和其他人比较。他们可能会把自己和身边的人比较，也可能会和在电视上、电影里或是杂志上看到的演员或名人来比较。Self-EsteemandBodyImageTextBButit'simpossibletomeasureourselvesagainst(对照…评价;同…较量)othersbecausethechangesthatcomewithpubertyaredifferentforeveryone.（承上启下句、主题句）Somepeoplestartdevelopingearly;othersarelatebloomers(成熟者).Somegetatemporarylayeroffattoprepareforagrowthspurt（急剧增长）;othersfillout(长胖)permanently,andstillothersfeellike(感觉象是;摸起来如同;想要)theystayskinnynomatterhowmuchtheyeat.Italldependsonhowourgeneshaveprogrammed(规划)ourbodiestoact.但是把我们和其他人作比较是不可能的，因为在青春期的变化每个人都是不尽相同的。有些人会成熟得早，有些人成熟得晚。有些人可能因为生长发育会暂时发福，有些人可能一直都会很胖，还有一些人不管吃多少都会很纤瘦。这完全取决于我们的基因怎么样控制我们的身体去变化。Self-EsteemandBodyImageTextBThechangesthatcomewithpubertycanaffecthowbothgirlsandguysfeelaboutthemselves.Somegirlsmayfeeluncomfortableorembarrassedabouttheirmaturingbodies.Othersmaywishthattheyweredevelopingfaster.Girlsmayfeetpressuretobethinbutguysmayfeelliketheydon'tlookbigormuscularenough.青春期里这样的变化会影响女孩和男孩对他们自己的看法。有些女孩可能会因为发育得快而觉得不舒服或者尴尬。还有人可能还希望他们能发育得更快一点。女孩们可能在保持纤瘦方面感到有压力，男孩们可能会担心他们看起来不够高大或者强壮。Self-EsteemandBodyImageTextBOutsideInfluencesIt'snotjustdevelopmentthataffectsself-esteem,though.Manyotherfactors(likemediaimagesofskinnygirlsandbulked-up身材魁梧的guys)canaffectaperson'sbodyimagetoo.外界影响并不是只有发育会影响他们的自尊心。许多其他的因素也能影响个人的自身形象，比如媒体中纤瘦的女孩们或是身材魁梧的男孩们的形象。Self-EsteemandBodyImageTextBFamilylifecansometimesinfluenceself-esteem.Someparentsspendmoretimecriticizingtheirkidsandthewaytheylookthanpraisingthem,whichcanreducekids'abilitytodevelopgoodself-esteem.家庭生活有时也会影响自尊心。有些家长批评他们的孩子的行为和外表的时间比表扬他们的时间还要多，这样也会削减孩子们培养良好的自尊心的能力。Self-EsteemandBodyImageTextBPeoplealsomayexperiencenegativecommentsandhurtfulteasing(取笑)aboutthewaytheylookfromclassmatesandpeers.Sometimesracialandethnicprejudiceisthesourceofsuchcomments.Althoughtheseoftencomefromignorance,sometimestheycanaffectsomeone'sbodyimageandself-esteem.在外表这个问题上，人们还可能会遭受同学或是同龄人的负面评论或是恶意嘲讽。有时候，这样的评论也来源于种族或民族歧视。尽管这些评论通常都源于无知，但有时它们还是会影响一个人的自身形象和自尊心。Self-EsteemandBodyImageTextBHealthySelf-EsteemIfyouhaveapositivebodyimage,youprobablylikeandacceptyourselfthewayyouare.Thishealthyattitudeallowsyoutoexploreotheraspectsofgrowingup,suchasdevelopinggoodfriendships,growingmoreindependentfromyourparents,andchallengingyourselfphysicallyandmentally.Developingthesepartsofyourselfcanhelpboostyourself-esteem.

健康的自尊心如果你有积极向上的自身形象，那么你可能会喜欢并接受你自己自然的样子。这种健康的态度让你探索成长过程中的其他方面，比如建立良好的友谊，更加独立于父母，或是在身体和精神上挑战自己。发掘你自身这些方面能够帮助你增强自尊心。Self-EsteemandBodyImageTextBApositive,optimisticattitudecanhelppeopledevelopstrongself-esteem.Forexample,saying,"Hey,I'mhuman"insteadof"Wow,I'msuchaloser"whenyou'vemadeamistake,ornotblamingotherswhenthingsdon'tgoasexpected.积极乐观的态度能够帮助人们建立强烈的自尊心。例如，当犯错误的时候说“嘿，我只是个普通人”而不是“糟糕，我是个失败者”，或是当事情无法如愿发展的情况下不去责怪别人。Self-EsteemandBodyImageTextBKnowingwhatmakesyouhappyandhowtomeetyourgoalscanhelpyoufeelcapable,strong,andincontrolofyourlife.Apositiveattitudeandahealthylifestyle(suchasexercisingandeatingright)areagreatcombinationforbuildinggoodself-esteem.知道什么能让自己开心并且怎样去实现目标能让你感到更有能力，更坚强，更能把握自己的生活。积极的态度和健康的生活方式(比如运动和合理饮食)是建立良好自尊的最佳组合。Self-EsteemandBodyImageTextBTipsforImprovingYourBodyImageSomepeoplethinktheyneedtochangehowtheylookoracttofeelgoodaboutthemselves.Butactuallyallyouneedtodoischangethewayyouseeyourbodyandhowyouthinkaboutyourself.提升自身形象的建议有些人认为，他们需要改变自身的外表或是做事情的方式来让自己感觉良好。但是其实你需要做的只是改变你看待自己的身体的方式以及你对自己的看法。Self-EsteemandBodyImageTextBThefirstthingtodoisrecognizethatyourbodyisyourown,nomatterwhatshape,size,orcoloritcomesin.Ifyou're