2021届高考英语复习之真题阅读词块与阅读练习（五十九）含答案

2021高考英语复习之真题阅读词块与阅读练习（五十九）

2019天津卷（D篇）

目录内容

第一部分高考真题试做

第二部分真题词块解析

第三部分模拟题训练

一：真题试做

WouldyouBETonthefutureofthisman?Heis53yearsold.Mostofhisadultlifehasbeen

alosingstruggleagainstdebtandmisfortune.Awarinjuryhasmadehislefthandstop

functioning,andhehasoftenbeeninprison.Drivenbyheaven-knows-whatmotives,he

determinestowriteabook.

Thebookturnsouttobeonethathasappealedtotheworldformorethan350years.That

formerprisonerwasCervantes,andthebookwasDon（《堂吉诃德》）.Andthestoryposes

aninterestingquestion:whydosomepeoplediscovernewvitalityandcreativitytotheendoftheir

days,whileothersgotoseedlongbefore?

We'veallknownpeoplewhorunoutofsteambeforetheyreachlife'shalfwaymark.I'mnot

talkingaboutthosewhofailtogettothetop.Wecan*tallgetthere.I'mtalkingaboutpeoplewho

havestoppedlearningongrowingbecausetheyhaveadoptedthefixedattitudesandopinionsthat

alltoooftencomewithpassingyears.

Mostofus,infact,progressivelynarrowthevarietyofourlives.Wesucceedinourfieldof

specializationandthenbecometrappedinit.Nothingsurprisesus.Weloseoursenseofwonder.

But,ifwearewillingtolean,theopportunitiesareeverywhere.

Thethingswelearninmaturityseldominvolveinformationandskills.Welearntobearwith

thethingswecan'tchange.Welearntoavoidself-pity.Welearnthathowevermuchwetryto

please,somepeoplearenevergoingtoloveus-anideathattroublesatfirstbutiseventually

relaxing.

Withhighmotivationandenthusiasm,wecankeeponlearning.Thenwewillknowhow

importantitistohavemeaninginourlife.However,wecanachievemeaningonlyifwehave

madeacommitmenttosomethinglargerthanourownlittleegos（自我），whethertolovedones,to

fellowhumans,towork,ortosomemoralconcept.

Manyofusequate（视，,,等同于）"commitment“withsuch“caring“occupationsasteaching

andnursing.Butdoinganyordinaryjobaswellasonecanisinitselfanadmirablecommitment.

Peoplewhoworktowardsuchexcellence-whethertheyaredrivingatruck,orrunninga

store-maketheworldbetterjustbybeingthekindofpeopletheyare.They'velearnedlife'smost

valuablelesson.

51.ThepassagestartswiththestoryofCervantestoshowthat.

A.lossoffreedomstimulatesone'screativity

B.ageisnotabarriertoachievingone'sgoal

C.miseryinspiresamantofightagainsthisfate

D.disabilitycannotstopaman'spursuitofsuccess

52.WhatdoestheunderlinedpartinParagraph3probablymean?

A.Endone'sstruggleforliberty.

B.Wasteone*senergytakingrisks.

C.Misstheopportunitytosucceed.

D.Losetheinteresttocontinuelearning.

53.WhatcouldbeinferredfromParagraph4?

A.Thosewhodaretotryoftengetthemselvestrapped.

B.Thosewhotendtothinkbackcanhardlygoahead.

C.Opportunityfavorsthosewithacuriousmind.

D.Opportunityawaitsthosewithacautiousmind.

54.WhatdoestheauthorintendtotellusinParagraph5?

A.Atoughmancantoleratesuffering.

B.Awisemancanlivewithoutself-pity.

C.Amanshouldtrytosatisfypeoplearoundhim.

D.Amanshouldlearnsuitablewaystodealwithlife.

55.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthepassage?

A.Toprovideguidanceonleadingameaningfuladultlife.

B.Tostresstheneedofshoulderingresponsibilitiesatwork.

C.Tostatetheimportanceofgeneratingmotivationforlearning.

D.Tosuggestawayofpursuingexcellenceinourlifelongcareer.

参考答案：BDCDA

二：词块梳理

1：debt

英［det］美［det］

n.债务；负债；恩情；人情债

变形

复数：debts

双语例句

l.Theboardhassomisconductedthecompanythatit'sdeepindebt.

由于董事会对公司管理不善，公司负债累累.

2.1oweyouadebtofgratitudewhichIshallneverbeabletorepay.

我永远报答不尽你的恩情.

3.Stopspendingsofast,oryoullendusupindebt.

别花钱这么快，否则你就要叫我们背债了.

2：misfortune

n.不幸，厄运；灾难；不幸事故

变形

复数：misfortunes

双语例句

1.Thereisnoothermisfortunethatcouldbecomparedwiththelossoftime.

没有一种不幸可与失掉时间相比.

2.Hercareerwasdoggedbymisfortune.

她一生屡遭不幸.

3.Itmeanstotakespiteful,maliciousdelightinthemisfortuneofothers.

它的意思是把自己的快乐建立在别人的痛苦不幸之上.

3：function

英JfAQkS］美［ifADkjy

n.功能；函数；因变量；宴会

v.工作；发挥功能

变形

过去夕）词：functioned

现在分词：functioning

过去式：functioned

复数:functions

第三人称单数：functions

双语例句

1.Makingcopiesofthoseplatesfordifferentusersisanimportantfunctionofthe

library.

把这些照片复制，供给不同的使用者是该馆的一项重要任务.

2.Thefunctionofthekidneysistoexcretewastesfromthebody.

肾的功能是排泄人体里的废物.

3.Animbalanceincertainchemicalsleadstodisturbancesinthebrain'sfunction.

某些化学成分失衡会道致大脑功能的紊乱.

4：prison

英「pr忆n［美［怔加］

n.监狱，看守所

变形

复数：prisons

双语例句

1.Threefugitivesfromtheprisonarestillatlarge.

三名逃犯仍然未被抓获.

2.Thejudgeclappedthecriminalinprison.

法官把犯人投入狱中.

3.Hebrokeprisonandwentabroad.

他越狱逃到国外去了.

5：motive

英「mootw]美Jmootw]

n.动机，主旨；（艺术作品的）主题，题材

adj.运动的；动机的；发动的

变形

形容词：motiveless

复数：motives

双语例句

l.ThisstudywasdonebytheNationalInstitutesofHealth,notanybodywithany

ulteriormotive.

这项研究是由美国国家卫生研究院来进行的，所以并不会像有些调查一样

存在着某些不可告人的动机.

2,Thecrimeseemedtohavebeencommittedwithoutmotive.

这一罪案似乎并无作案动机.

3.Motivepoweris,inquantity,invariableinnature,itisnevereitherproducedor

destroyed.

原动力在数量上实质是不变的，它绝不会产生也不会消失.

6：appeal

央[。美bill

v.呼吁，恳请；上诉，申诉；对…有吸引力；劝说

n.呼吁，恳求；募捐；上诉，申诉；吸引力，感染力；打动

变形

过去分词：叩pealed

现在分词：appealing

过去式：appealed

复数：appeals

第三人称单数：appeals

双语例句

1.1appealtoyoutovoteagainsthim.

我想请你投他的反对票.

2.Shewillappealagainstthejudge'sdecision.

她要对判决提出上诉.

3.Theprincipalmadeanothervainappealforbetterequipmentintheschool

laboratory.

校长又一次请求增加学校实验设备，但又是一场空.

7：prisoner

英Jpr0na(r)]trznar]

n.囚犯；俘虏；为…所困的人

变形

复数：prisoners

双语例句

l.Theprisonerwascommittedfortrial.

那名囚犯被提交审判.

2.Let'swalltheprisonerupinthecastle.

咱们把这个犯人关在城堡里吧.

3.Thepolicemenarerunningafteraprisonerwhoescapedlastnight.

警察在追捕一名昨夜逃跑的犯人.

8：vitality

英[vai展loti]美[vai展Iti]

n.活力；生气；生命力；持久性

双语例句

1.Firstly,thepartexplainsthatAQhasvigorousvitality.

第三部分研究《阿Q正传》在当今的接受情况.

2.Nourishment&activation:Improvecellvitality,facilitatenutrientsabsorption,

andgraduallyrestoreglittering,transparentandbrightskin.

营养活肤：增强细胞活力，帮助营养成分渗透吸收，令肤色逐步恢复莹白透

亮、光彩照人.

3.Thefirstistopromoteeconomicrestructuringtoenhancetheeconomic

vitality.

首先是扎实推进经济结构转型，增强经济活力.

9：progressive

英［prJgresv］美［prabresv］

adj.不断前进的；进步的；进行的

n.改革论者；进步分子

变形

名词：progressivism

复数：progressives

双语例句

1.ProgressivedevelopinpropersequenceistheBasicLawstipulatesthatHong

Kong*sconstitutionaldevelopmentmodel.

繁体字循序渐进是基本法规定香港政制发展的模式.

2.Youareprogressive?youaimtosurpassyourpastaccomplishments.

你追求进步，你的目标是超过你过去的成就.

3.Thereisoftenaprogressivelossofsightinoldage.

上了年纪的人视力逐步减退.

10：narrow

英［hasrou］美［haerou］

adj.狭窄的；狭隘的；险胜的；勉强的；有限的；狭义的

v.变狭窄；缩小

变形

过去分词：narrowed

比较级：narrower

最高级：narrowest

现在分词：narrowing

名词：narrowness

过去式：narrowed

第三人称单数：narrows

双语例句

1.Narrowcorridorsleadofffromthemainhallway.

狭长的通道从主廊延展开来.

2.Theonlylightcamethroughanarrowaperture.

仅有的光亮来自一个小孔.

3.Thestreambifurcatesintotwonarrowwindingchannels.

那条小溪分成两股窄而弯曲的支流.

11：variety

英［vakaDti］美［vo+aDti］

n.多种多样；多样化；种类；综艺节目

变形

复数:varieties

双语例句

1.Semiconductordevicescanperformavarietyofcontrolfunctionsinelectronic

equipment.

半导体器件在电子设备中能起各式各样的控制作用.

2.There'realargevarietyofgoodsintheshops.

商店里有各式各样的商品.

3.Hiswritinglacksvariety.

他的文体缺乏变化.

12：trap

英［traep］美［traep］

n.（捕鸟兽的）陷阱/夹子/罗网；圈套，骗局；困境；嘴；双轮轻便马车

v.使陷入困境；设陷阱捕捉；卡/夹/绊住；收集，吸收；诱骗，抓捕

变形

过去分词：trapped

现在分词：trapping

过去式：trapped

复数：traps

第三人称单数：traps

双语例句

l.Oneshouldlearnfrompastmistakessoastoavoidfallingintothesameold

trapagain.

要从过去的错误中吸取教训，以免重蹈覆辙.

2.Thehunterluredthefoxintoatrap.

猎人诱使狐狸落入陷阱.

3.Tomyimmensegratification,hefellintothetrap.

令我极为满意的是，他中了圈套.

13：maturity

英［mataarati］美［mskjiroti］

n.成熟；完备；（票据等的）到期；［地］壮年期

变形

复数：maturities

双语例句

1.Handsomemaybeappliedtowomenandsuggestdignityandmaturity.

可用于指妇女，含有端庄和成熟的意思.

2.Oftenmorethanoneembryoisproducedinitially,butusuallyonlyonereaches

maturity.

胚具两片子叶，开始时不止产生一个胚，但一般只有一个胚发育成熟.

3.Again,theevolutionstagesoflURcooperativeinnovationisanalyzed,

includingshaping-development-maturity-declineandrenewalphase.

然后，分析了产学研合作创新群落演化的阶段:形成阶段一发展阶段一

成熟阶段一衰落与更新阶段.

14：enthusiasm

英［n］。ju：ziaezsm］H［n'0u：ziaezom］

n.热情，热忱；热衷的事物

变形

复数：enthusiasms

双语例句

l.Heisalwaysoverflownwithenthusiasm.

他总是洋溢着热情.

2.Hewascarriedawaybyhisenthusiasm.

热情使他的头脑不够冷静.

3.Hisrefusalicedourenthusiasm.

他的拒绝打消了我们的热情.

15：commitment

英（ko1mtmont]美[ko'mtmont]

n.信奉，忠诚；承诺；已许诺的事；献身；投入；花费

变形

复数：commitments

双语例句

1.Convenientlyoverlookingthefactthatshewouldn'tbeabletomeetthe

commitment,sheagreedenthusiastically.

她不理会自己不能遵守承诺的事实，热心地答应了.

2.Theyhaveanairoffreedom,andtheyhavenotadrearycommitmenttomean

ambitiousorloveofcomfort.

他们有一种自由自在的风度，他们不沉溺于可鄙的追名逐利和对舒适生活

的迷恋.

3.Theyarelookingforsomeonewitharealsenseofcommitmenttothejob.

他们正在找一个对这一工作有献身精神的人.

16：moral

英Jirmrol]美「moirol]

n.道德；寓意

adj.道德的；道义上的；有道德的；能辨是非的

变形

复数：morals

双语例句

l.Weshoulddrawamoralfromthestartlingfact.

我们应当从这些触目惊心的事实中吸取教训.

2.Amanofmoralintegrityneverresortstodeception.

明人不做暗事.

3.Tomrefusedtojointhearmy,believingthathehadnomoralrighttokill.

汤姆认为自己在道义上无权杀人而拒绝入伍.

三：阅读训练

Whyshouldmankindexplorespace?Whyshouldmoney,timeandeffortbe

spentexploringandresearchingsomethingwithsofewapparentbenefits?Why

shouldresourcesbespentonspaceratherthanonconditionsandpeopleonEarth?

Thesearequestionsthat,understandably,areveryoftenasked.

Perhapsthebestanswerliesinourgeneticmake-upashumanbeings.What

droveourancestorstomovefromthetreesintotheplains,andonintoallpossible

areasandenvironments?Thewiderthespreadofaspecies,thebetteritschanceof

survival.Perhapsthebestreasonforexploringspaceisthisgenetictendencyto

expandwhereverpossible.

Nearlyeverysuccessfulcivilizationhasexplored,becausebydoingso,any

dangerinsurroundingareascanbeidentifiedandpreparedfbr.Withoutknowledge,

wemaybecompletelydestroyedbythedanger.Withknowledge,wecanlessenits

effects.

Explorationalsoallowsmineralsandotherpotentialresourcestobefound.Even

ifwehavenoimmediateneedofthem,theywillperhapsbeusefullater.Resources

maybemorethanphysicalpossessions.Knowledgeortechniqueshavebeenacquired

throughexploration.Thetechniquesmayhavemedicalapplicationswhichcan

improvethelengthorqualityofourlives.Wehavealreadybenefitedfromother

spin-offsincludingimprovementsinearthquakeprediction,insatellitesforweather

forecastingandincommunicationsystems.Evennon-stickpansandmirrored

sunglassesareby-productsoftechnologicaldevelopmentsinthespaceindustry!

Whilemanyresourcesarespentonwhatseemsasmallreturn,theexplorationof

spaceallowscreative,braveandintelligentmembersofourspeciestofocusonwhat

mayservetosaveus.Whilespacemayholdmanywondersandexplanationsofhow

theuniversewasformedorhowitworks,italsoholdsdangers.Thedangerexists,but

knowledgecanhelphumanbeingstosurvive.Withouttheabilitytoreachoutacross

space,thechancetosaveourselvesmightnotexist.

WhileEarthistheonlyplanetknowntosupportlife,surelytheadaptiveability

ofhumanswouldallowustoliveonotherplanets.Itistruethatthelifestylewouldbe

different,buthumanlifeandcultureshaveadaptedinthepastandsurelycouldinthe

future.

l.Whydoestheauthor