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2021届高考英语二轮复习
3篇阅读+2篇完形填空(三)
1.Wouldyoubuyacarthatcanreleasecalmingsmellsintotheair
whenyouarestuckinheavytraffic?Wouldyoubuyarobotthatsmells
likeahumanbeing?
Manypeoplehaveseenthe3-Dcomputer-madeenvironmentsof
virtualreality(虚拟现实).Nowthesevirtualworldswillnotjustlookand
soundreal.ResearchershavecreatedVRenvironmentsthatevensmell
liketherealones.Withthenewtechnology,usersopenavirtualdoor
andstepintoanewenvironment,likearainforest.Aftertheyenterthis
virtualworld,specialequipmentreleasesforest-likesmellsintotheairto
maketheexperiencefeelmorereal.
SuzanneFisher-Murraysaid,"Itisareallywonderfulexperiencethat
youhavebecauseyou'reexploringthisenvironmentandyouhavesmells
withit."
IntheUnitedStates,Smell-O-Visionwasdesignedtoprovidesmells
duringtheshowingofamovie.TheSmell-O-Visionsystemwasonce
popularinthe1960s.Now,EmanuelaMaggionisaysitiscloseto
becomingpopularagain."Itconnectsemotionsandmemorieswiththe
senseofsmell,"Maggionisaid."Itisunbelievablewhatwecandowith
thetechnology."
Theusesofsmelltechnologyarenotjustlimitedtofilmsandthe
performingarts.Researchersshowedacomputerprogramwhereusers
couldimaginethemselvesdrivingacar.Thesystemincludedaspecial
smell-sprayingmachine.DmitrijsDmitrenkosaid,"Wewanttorelease
thesmelloflavender(薰衣草)everytimethepersondrivesoverthe
speedlimit.Wechooselavenderbecauseit'saverycalmingsmell."
Scientistsareexperimentingwithsmellsinsteadofsoundsor
image-basedalertsontelecommunicationsequipment.And
businessmenhavealreadyusedsmellstoinfluencepeople'sbehavior.
"Notonlyinstores,butalsoinotherplacesyoucancreateandstimulate
(刺激)immediatepurchase/'Maggionisaid."Soyou'reinalibraryand
whenyousmellcoffeeyouwillunconsciouslyhavetheneedtodrinka
coffee."
1.Usingsmelltechnology,researchersmakeVRenvironments.
A.haveasmellofarainforest
B.evensmellliketherealones
C.looklikea4-Denvironment
D.frightenpeoplewithavirtualworld
2.WhatdoestheexampleofSmell-O-Visionprove?
A.Americaisthefirstcountrytousesmelltechnology.
B.Cinemasarethemostsuitableplacesforthesenseofsmell.
C.Smelltechnologyhasbeenusedbefore.
D.Itisoutofdatetousesmell-sprayingdevices.
3.Howissmelltechnologyusedbybusinessmen?
A.Bymakingbuyersunderstandsalesmenbetter.
B.Byremindingpeopleoftheirunrealisticpurchase.
C.Byhelpingcustomerschoosetheirfavoritegoods.
D.Bystimulatingpeopletobuythings.
4.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?
A.Thenewdevelopmentsofsmelltechnology.
B.AmajorbreakthroughofVRtechnology.
C.Thesenseofsmellinhumancommunication.
D.Theadvancedsmell-sprayingmachines.
2.Yourpeersarepeopleofyourageorclosetoitwhohave
experiencesandinterestssimilartoyours.Youandyourfriendsmake
dozensofdecisionseveryday,andyouinfluenceeachother'schoices
andbehavior.Thisisoftenpositive-----it'shumannaturetolistento
andlearnfromotherpeopleinyouragegroup.
Sometimes,though,thestressesinyourlifecanactuallycomefrom
yourpeers.Theymaypressureyouintodoingsomethingyou're
uncomfortablewith,suchasdrinkingortakingdangerousriskswhen
drivingacar.
Thepressuretoconform(随潮流)canbepowerfulandhardtoresist.
Apersonmightfeelpressuretodosomethingjustbecauseothersare
doingit.Peerpressurecaninfluenceapersontodosomethingthatis
relativelyharmless—orsomethingthathasmoreseriousconsequences.
Peoplemayfeelpressuretoconform,sotheyfitinorareaccepted,and
theydon'tfeelawkwardoruncomfortable.Whenpeopleareunsureof
whattodoinasocialsituation,theynaturallylooktoothersforcues
aboutwhatisandisn'tacceptable.
Thepeoplewhoaremosteasilyinfluencedwillfollowsomeoneelse's
leadfirst.Thenothersmaygoalong,too—soitcanbeeasytothink,"It
mustbeOK.Everyoneelseisdoingit.Theymustknowwhatthey're
doing."Beforeyouknowit,manypeoplearegoingalongwiththecrowd
—perhapsonsomethingtheymightnototherwisedo.
Respondingtopeerpressureispartofhumannature—butsome
peoplearemorelikelytogivein,andothersarebetterabletoresistand
standtheirground.
It'snotalwayseasytoresistnegativepeerpressure.Butwhenyoudo,
itiseasytofeelgoodaboutitafterwards.Andyoumayevenbea
positiveinfluenceonyourpeerswhofeelthesameway—oftenitjust
takesonepersontospeakoutortakeadifferentactiontochangea
situation.
l.Whichofthefollowingisakindofpeerpressure?
A.Yourteachersgiveyoualotofhomework.B.Yourclassmates
persuadeyoutocutclass.
C.Yourparentsexpecthighscoresfromyou.D.Yourrelatives
inviteyoutoattendaparty.
2.Whydomostpeopletendtodowhatothersaredoing?
A.Tostandoutinacrowd.B.Tofeelasenseofachievement.
C.Tosetagoodexampleforothers.D.Togetafeelingofbeingaccepted.
3.Whatcanweknowaccordingtotheauthor?
A.Givingintopeerpressureisunavoidable.
B.Peerpressureusuallyleadstoseriousresults.
C.Goingalongwiththecrowdusuallymeansmakingarightchoice.
D.Everyonecanmakeadifferencebyresistingnegativepeerpressure.
4.What'sthispassagemainlyabout?
A.Thoughtsonpeerpressure.B.Differenttypesofpeerpressure.
C.Waystodealwithpeerpressure.D.Theinfluenceofpeerpressureon
people.
3.ThesmalltownofRjukaninNorwayissituatedbetweenseveral
mountainsanddoesnotgetdirectsunlightfromlateSeptemberto
mid-March—1sixmonthsoutoftheyear.
"Ofcourse,we2itwhenthesunisshining/'saysKarinRo,who
worksforthetown'stourismoffice."Weseetheskyis3,butdown
inthevalleyit'sdarker—it'slikeona4day."
Butthat5whenasystemofhigh-tech6wasintroducedto
reflectsunlightfromneighboringpeaks(山峰)intothevalleybelow.
Wednesday,residents(居民)ofRjukan7theirveryfirstrayof
wintersunshine:Arowofreflectiveboardsonanearbymountainside
wereputto8Themirrorsarecontrolledbyacomputer
that9themtoturnalongwiththesunthroughout
the10andtocloseduringwindyweather.Theyreflecta
concentratedbeam(束)oflightontothetown'scentral11,
creatinganareaofsunlightroughly600squaremeters.Whenthe
light12,Rjukanresidentsgatheredtogether.
"Peoplehavebeen13thereandstandingthereand
taking15ofeachother,"Rosays."Thetownsquarewastotally15.
Ithinkalmostallthepeopleinthetownwerethere."The3,500
residentscannotall16thesunshineatthesametime.17,
thenewlightfeelslikemorethanenoughforthe
town's18residents.
"It'snotvery19shesays,"butitisenoughwhenwe
are20
l.A.onlyB.obviouslyC.nearly0.precisely
2.A.fearB.believeC.hear0.notice
3.A.emptyB.blueC.highD.wide
4.A.cloudyB.normalC.differentD.warm
5.A.helpedB.changedC.happened0.mattered
6.A.computersB.telescopesC.mirrors0.cameras
7.A.rememberedB.forecastedC.received
0.imagined
8.A.repairB.riskC.restD.use
9.A.forbidsB.directsC.predicts0.follows
10.A.dayB.nightC.monthD.year
ll.A.IibraryB.hallC.squareD.street
12.A.appearedB.returnedC.faded0.stopped
13.A.drivingB.hidingC.camping0.sitting
14.A.picturesB.notesC.careD.hold
15.A.newB.fullC.flatD.silent
16.A.blockB.avoidC.enjoyD.store
17.A.InsteadB.HoweverC.Gradually0.Similarly
18.A.nature-lovingB.energy-saving
C.weather-beatenD.sun-starved
19.A.bigB.clearC.coldD.easy
2O.A.tryingB.waitingC.watching0.sharing
4.TheLEGOstorystartedinaDanishwoodworkingshop.Atthetime,
OleKirkChristiansenwasjusta(n)1carpenterinthevillageBillund
butwithambition.Asayoungman,Christiansenturnedhisloveof
playingwithwoodinto2and,in1916,heopenedhisownshop.
Atfirst,hisshopproducedfurniturelikeladders,stoolsandironing
boards.Butin1924,justashewaslookingtoexpandhisbusiness,his
sons3setapileofwoodchipsintheshoponfire,4theentire
buildingandthefamily'shome.
Despiteatotal5,Christiansensawthefireasanexcuseto
simply6alargerworkshop.7,tragedycontinuedtostrike.In
1929,theGreatDepressionhittheworld,andhiswifediedin1932.
Affectedbyfinancialand8disaster,Christiansenlaidoffmanyofhis
workersand9tomakeendsmeet.Littledidheknowthatthose
tragedieswouldbeofimportancetohisbusinessto10.
Sincetimesweresohard,Christiansenmadethedifficultdecisionto
usehiswoodtocreate11goodsthatmightactuallysell.The
decisiondidn't12atfirst.Buthisloveoftoyspushedthecompany
ahead,evenwhenitwas13thetoughesttimes.
It14hewasabrillianttoymaker.Soon,hiswonderfulmodelsof
carsandanimalsandhisadorablepulltoysgainednationalpopularity.
Hisbestseller,awoodenduckwhosemouthopensandcloseswhen
pulled,isnowstillahot15.In1949,hiscompanycreateditsplastic
brickscalledtheAutomaticBindingBricks.Andthetoybecamemoreand
morepopularastheyearspassed.
l.A.ordinaryB.differentC.eagerD.skillful
2.A.preferenceB.gratitudeC.fortune0.business
3.A.anxiouslyB.nervouslyC.blindly0.accidentally
4.A.protectingB.abandoningC.destroying0.repeating
5.A.successB.lossC.painD.failure
6.A.designB.drawC.removeD.build
7.A.HoweverB.ThusC.BesidesD.Anyway
8.A.naturalB.historicalC.personal0.artificial
9.A.plannedB.struggledC.happened0.promised
10.A.quitB.recoverC.fail0.advertise
11.A.inconvenientB.unpopularC.priceless
0.inexpensive
12.A.showoffB.giveoffC.payoffD.takeoff
13.A.goingthroughB.goingintoC.getting
through0.gettingover
14.A.brokeoutB.carriedoutC.turnedout0.figuredout
15.A.choiceB.findingC.hit0.property
答案以及解析
L答案:1-4BCDA
解析:1.由第二段中的"ResearchershavecreatedVRenvironmentsthat
evensmellliketherealones"可知,研究人员使用嗅觉技术使虚拟现实
环境闻起来像真的一样,故选B。
2.由第四段中的"TheSmell-O-Visionsystemwasoncepopularinthe
1960s"可推断出SmellOVision的例子证明了嗅觉技术之前就被使用
过,故选C。
3.由第六段中的"Andbusinessmenhavealreadyusedsmellstoinfluence
people'sbehavior.'Notonlyinstores,butalsoinotherplacesyoucan
createandstimulate(刺激)immediatepurchase/Maggionisaid”可矢口,
商人使用气味影响人们的行为,刺激人们买东西,故选D。
4.这篇文章主要讲了嗅觉技术的新发展对人们生活的影响,所以选A。
2.答案:1-4.BDDA
解析:1.考查细节理解。由第一段中的"Yourpeersarepeopleofyour
ageorclosetoitwhohaveexperiencesandinterestssimilartoyours"以
及第二段中的"somethingyou'reuncomfortablewith"可知,四个选项中
只有B项符合题意。
2.考查细节理解。由第三段中的"Peoplemayfeelpressuretoconform,
sotheyfitinorareaccepted,andtheydon'tfeelawkwardor
uncomfortable"可知答案为D。
3.考查推理判断。由最后一段中的"It'snotalwayseasytoresistnegative
peerpressure.Butwhenyoudo,itiseasytofeelgoodaboutit
afterwards.Andyoumayevenbeapositiveinfluenceonyourpeers”可
知,抵制同龄人压力会有作用。
4.考查主旨大意。结合全文内容可知,本文是对同龄人压力的思考,包
括它的概念、影响、形成原因以及抵制这种压力产生的作用与影响,
故选Ao
3.答案:1-5.CDBAB;6-10.CCDBA;11-15.CADAB;16-20.CBDAD
解析:1.根据上文中的"fromlateSeptembertomid-March"可知,这段时
间将近半年。故选C。only"仅仅";obviously"显而易见地";precisely"准
确地"。
2.当阳光照耀时,我们就可以注意到它。句中的"it"指代第一段中的
"sunlight"o
3.天空是蔚蓝色的,但山谷却是比较阴暗的,犹如阴天一般。根据句中
的"but"可知,本空填入的词语与"darker"相对应,故blue"蓝色的,蔚蓝色
的"符合语境。
4.参见上题解析。
5.根据下文内容可知,采用反射板后,小镇的面貌发生了改变。
6.根据下文中的"Themirrors"可知答案。
7.星期三,Rjukan的居民接收到了他们的第一束冬日阳光。remember"
记得";forecast"预报";imagine"想象"。
8.根据语境可知,镇上的居民们能享受到冬日的阳光是因为小镇将引
进的高科技反射板投入了使用。故选Dorepair"维修";risk"风险,;rest"
休息"。
9.本空填入的词应与空前的"controlled"在语义上保持一致,故direct"
指示,命令,管理"符合语境。forbid"禁止,阻碍";predict"预言,预告
";follow"跟随"。
10.白天,电脑控制的镜子随着太阳的转动而转向。throughouttheday"
整个白天"。
11.根据下一段中的"Thetownsquare"可知答案为square。
12.阳光出现时,Rjukan的居民便聚集在广场上。
13.根据语境可知,人们坐的坐,站的站,彼此拍着照片。
14.参见上题解析。takenotesof"记录";takecareof"照顾";takeholdof"
握住"。
15.根据语境可知,广场上挤满了人。
16.3500名居民不能同时享受阳光。block"阻塞";avoid"避免";store"贮
藏"。
17.根据语境可知,此处表示转折,应用Howevero
18.根据上文提到的Rjukan的居民将近半年都享受不到阳光可知,此处
指镇上急需阳光的居民,故选Do
19.广场不是很大,但居民们彼此分享时,它足够了。
20.参见上题
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