2014高考英语【牛津·江苏专用】全程复习方略配套课件：选修8+Unit2+The+universal+language

Unit2Theuniversallanguage【诵读·积累】(2012·天津高考)假设你是李津，你的美国朋友Chris就读于天津某国际学校。他热爱中国文化，特别是戏曲文化。8月5日下午2:00在新落成的天津大剧院将上演越剧《梁山伯与祝英台》。请你根据以下提示，用英语给Chris写一封电子邮件，邀请他一起观看演出。

☆提出邀请并简述原因;☆提出观剧后活动建议(如参观附近的博物馆或美术馆等);☆请求对方回复。DearChris,

Ihavegoodnewstotellyou.I’dliketoinviteyoutoseeButterflyLovers,afamousChineseShaoxingOpera,whichistobeputonatthenewlybuiltTianjinGrandTheaterat2:00p.m.onAugust5th.Asyouknow,asyourclosefriend,IknowyouarefondofChineseculture,especiallyoperaculture.

Ofcourse,besidesgoingtothetheater,wecandosomeothermeaningfulthings,suchasvisitingthemuseumortheartgallerynearby,whichbothcontainalotofitemsofgreatvalue.I’msurethatwewillhaveagoodtime.

I’mlookingforwardtoreceivingyourreply.Bestwishes.Yours,LiJin【尝试运用】词汇翻译puton___________wouldliketodo___________befondof_____gotothetheater_______haveagoodtime_________lookforwardto___________上演，演出想要做某事喜爱去听戏玩得高兴期待，盼望句式仿写①今天他有太多的作业要做。(不定式作定语)___________________________________②正如你所知，我想去听戏。(asyouknow)________________________________________③我们期待着与你再次相见。(lookforwardto)______________________________________Hehastoomuchhomeworktodotoday.Asyouknow,Iwouldliketogotothetheater.Wearelookingforwardtoseeingyouagain.Ⅰ.单词盘点核心速记1.________(adj.)共同的，普遍的，全体的，全世界的2._____(vt.&vi.)选派角色；投射(光、影)；向……投以

(视线、笑容)3.____(vt.&vi.&aux.)敢于，胆敢4.____(vt.)逮捕，捉拿；抓住，捉住；夺取，攻占universalcastdareseize5._______(vt.)强烈要求；需要

(n.)要求；需求6._____(vt.)训斥，责骂7.___________(n.)机遇，时机8._________(n.)人事部门；职员，全体人员9._______(n.)衰落，衰败；减少；下降

(vi.&vt.)衰落；下降；婉言谢绝10._____(n.)趋势，动向11.____(vt.&vi.)试图，设法；寻找，寻求demandscoldopportunitypersonneldeclinetrendseek联想串记12._________(adj.)令人不安的；引起恐慌的→_______(v.)打扰→_________(adj.)心乱的；心理不正常的13._________(adj.)不情愿，不愿意；勉强的，无奈的→______(adj.)自愿的→__________(n.)乐意14.________(adj.)仁慈的，慈悲的，宽大为怀的→______(n.)仁慈，怜悯，宽容15._____________(n.)失业→___________(n.)雇用，工作，职业→_______(v.)雇用→_________(n.)雇主→_________(n.)雇员disturbingdisturbdisturbedunwillingwillingwillingnessmercifulmercyunemploymentemploymentemployemployeremployee16._________(n.)作品集；收藏品；一批(人或物品)；取走→______(vt.)收集17._______(adj.)逐渐的，逐步的；平缓的，不陡的→_________(adv.)逐步地collectioncollectgradualgraduallyⅡ.短语互译1.选派……扮演戏剧中的某角色

_________2.以……为背景________3.被处以某种刑罚________________________4.(向女方)求婚_________________________________5.相爱，坠入爱河_________6.呈现；雇用；承担；从事

_______7.不愿意做某事___________________becastinbesetinbecondemnedtosomethingaskforsomebody’shandinmarriagefallinlovetakeonbeunwillingtodosth.8.dependon___________9.putup_____________________10.applyfor_____11.splitup___________12.springup___________________13.breakup_________________依赖，依靠举起，张贴，提供食宿申请分裂，分解突然兴起，迅速出现破裂，解散；破碎Ⅲ.句型透视1.witness...beingdone看到……正在被……Lastnight,IwitnessedthefirstofonlyeightperformancesofGiacomoPuccini’sworld-famousopera,Turandot,_______________(正在被演出)intheForbiddenCityinBeijing,China.2.比较级与否定词连用表示最高级JustimagineperformingsuchanoperaintheForbiddenCity—there________________________________(不可能有比这更好的场景)!beingperformedcouldnotbeamoreawesomesetting3.before引导时间状语从句Unfortunately,Puccinidiedofaheartattack______________________________(他尚未写完最后一幕),andithadtobecompletedbyoneofhisformerstudents,FrancoAlfano.4.thefirsttime作定语从句的先行词AnoperacompanystagedtheoperainBeijinginthe1990s,buttheperformanceIsawwas______________________________(《图兰朵》第一次上演)insidetheForbiddenCity.beforehecompletedthisfinalscenethefirsttimeTurandotwasstaged5.too...to...结构Whiletheblueswaspopular,asamusicalformatitlackedvarietyandwas_________________(太伤感且节奏太慢而不适合)danceto.6.wherever引导让步状语从句_______________________(不管甲壳虫乐队到哪里),therewasaphenomenoncalled‘Beatlemania’—thousandsoffanswouldsurroundthem,screamingandgoingcrazytryingtoseethem.toosadandslowtoWherevertheBeatleswentⅣ.语篇完形

Turandotisanoperathattellsthestoryofacold-heartedChinese1._______,namedTurandot,wholivesintheForbiddenCity.Thestory2._____ontheclassiclovetriangleofthethreemaincharactersTurandot,CalafandLiu.LiulovesCalaf,3.___CalafhasfalleninlovewithTurandot.4._______Turandotdoesnotwanttogetmarried,shedeclaresthatanyonewhowantsto5.______hermustanswerherthreequestions.Iftheonecannotanswerthesequestions,princesstakesbutBecausemarryhewillbe6._____.Attheendofthestory,CalafandTurandot7._____inmarriage,andthewholecitycelebratestheirhappiness.

GiacomoPucciniwrotethe8._____,butitisnotcompletelyfinishedbecausehesuddenly9.____ofaheartattack.Sothe10.____scenewascompletedbyFrancoAlfano,oneofhisformerstudents.killeduniteoperadiedfinal1.选用框中词汇完成句子seize,personnel,demand,takeon,breakup(1)The_________arenothappytochangetheserules.(2)Therocketatthisspeed________greatpower.(3)Theoldfactoryhas________anewlook.(4)Gill______myhandandshookitheartily.(5)Whendoestheice________ontheriver?personneldemandstakenonseizedbreakup2.选用句型透视中的句式完成句子(1)就在那时我看到一个受伤的人正在被人抬进医院。Justatthattime,I______________________________________________.(2)我从未听过比这更好的嗓音。_____________________________(3)我还没来得及记下黑板上的单词和短语，老师就将它们擦掉了。Theteacherhadwipedthewordsandphrasesofftheblackboard___________________________.witnessedawoundedmanbeingcarriedintohospitalIhaveneverheardabettervoice.beforeIcouldwritethemdown(4)这是我第一次去长城。________________________________________________(5)这箱子太重搬不起来。________________________Thisisthefirsttime(that)IhavebeentotheGreatWall.Thisboxistooheavytolift.核心考点demand3年1考break短语3年4考否定词与比较级连用表示最高级3年4考wherever3年6考1.condemnvt.

判刑，宣判；指责，谴责①Sheknewthatsocietywouldcondemnherforabandoningherchild.她知道社会会谴责她遗弃孩子。②Themeatwascondemnedasunfittoeat.这种肉被宣告不宜食用。③Hisbadlegcondemnedhimtoawheelchair.他的残腿使他离不开轮椅。④Therebelshadbeencondemnedtodeath.(句型转换)=Therebelshad_____________________.叛乱者们已被判处死刑。【归纳】填写适当的介词condemnsb.___ 因为……而谴责某人condemn...__ 宣告……为condemnsb.__ 迫使某人接受困境或不愉快的状况becondemned__death 被判处死刑beensentencedtodeathforastoto2.demandvt.

强烈要求；需要

n.

要求；需求(1)demandsth.of/fromsb.对某人要求某事demandtodosth.要求做某事demandofsb.todosth.要求某人做某事demandthatsb.(should)dosth.要求某人做某事(2)indemand需求大ondemand一经要求satisfy/meetone’sdemand(s)满足某人的要求①Toomuchwasbeingdemandedofthetopplayers.对顶尖选手的要求太高了。②Hedemanded_________everything.他要求把一切都告诉他。③Thepolicedemandedthathe___________themthenames.警察要他说出那些人的姓名。④他要求她同我们一起去。(判断正误)Hedemandedhertogowithus.()Hedemandedthatshe(should)gowithus.()Hedemandedofhertogowithus.()tobetold(should)give×√√⑤Alltheseskillsaremuch_________.所有这些技术都十分需要。【点津】(1)demand后可接不定式，但通常不接不定式的复合结构，若意义上需要这类结构，可换成that从句或在demand后接of。(2)与demand相关的名词性从句，包括主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句，其谓语都是由shoulddo构成，其中should可以省略。indemand【高考链接】(2012·全国卷Ⅱ)TheHarryPotterbooksarequitepopular;theyareingreat______inthiscity.A.quantityB.progressC.productionD.demand【解析】选D。考查名词。句意：《哈利·波特》丛书非常受欢迎；这些书在该城市需求量很大。beingreatdemand表示bewantedbymanypeople，意为“广受欢迎”，符合语境；inquantity大量，大批；inprogress在进行中；inproduction在生产中。故选D。3.seek(sought;sought)vt.&vi.

试图，设法；寻找，寻求①Isoughttochangehermind.我试图改变她的想法。②Hewenttoseekhislawyer’sadvice.他去请教他的律师。③Hesoughthelpfromthepolice.他向警察求助。④Theysoughtinvainforsomewheretoshelter.他们想找一个地方躲躲，但没有找到。⑤(2011·安徽高考)Sometimesproperanswersarenotfartoseektofoodsafetyproblems.找到解决食品安全问题的适宜办法有时并不难。【归纳】写出下列短语的含义seektodosth._________________seekone’sfortune________________________seekone’sadvice___________________________seekhelpfromsb.___________seekfor/after_________________benotfartoseek_________________试图或设法做某事外出寻找(成功或发财)机会向某人请教，征求某人的建议向某人求助寻找，寻求；追求很简单，不难找到【想一想】表示“寻找”的短语还有哪些？【参考答案】lookfor,searchfor,huntfor,castaboutfor等均表示“寻找”。4.breakup破裂，解散；拆开；破碎；分开；学期结束观察句子，写出黑体部分的含义①Theglassesfellonthecementfloorandbrokeup.()②Thepartybreaksupandtheneighborshurryhome.(

)③Theworkerswillbreakuptheoldcarsfortheirparts.

()④Itwasmoneytroublethatbrokeuptheirmarriage.

(

)破碎结束拆开破裂，解散【拓展】

breakdown出故障，坏掉，垮掉breakinto破门而入breakin插话，打断breakout突然发生，爆发5.JustimagineperformingsuchanoperaintheForbiddenCity—therecouldnotbeamoreawesomesetting！想象一下在紫禁城上演这出歌剧吧——不可能有比这更好的场景了！(1)此句应用了否定词与比较级连用表示最高级意义的句型。(2)下列结构均表示最高级意义：(a)否定词+比较级

anyother+单数名词

all(the)other+复数名词

anyoneelseanyoftheother+复数名词

therestof+复数名词或不可数名词

so+adj./adv.

so+adj.+a/an+n.

such+a/an+adj.+n.adj./adv.enough

too+adj./adv.(b)比较级+than+(c)完成时+never+(d)can’t...+①Wecan’thaveaworseday.今天真是再糟糕不过了。②Ihaveneverseensuch

aglorioussunrise.我从未见过这样壮观的日出。③Youcanneverbetoocareful.你再怎么小心也不过分。(你越小心越好。)④Heisclevererthananyotherstudentinhisclass.(句型转换)=Heisclevererthan___________studentsinhisclass.=Heisclevererthan______________studentsinhisclass.=Heisclevererthan_________studentsinhisclass.=Nootherstudent_________thanheinhisclass.=Thereis__________________studentthanheinhisclass.他比他班上的其他学生都聪明。alltheotheranyoftheothertherestofiscleverernot/neveracleverer【高考链接】(2011·四川高考)—HowwasyourrecenttriptoSichuan?—I’veneverhad______onebefore.A.apleasantB.amorepleasantC.amostpleasantD.themostpleasant【解析】选B。考查形容词比较级。句意：——你最近去四川的旅行怎么样？——这是让我最为愉快的旅行了。否定词never与比较级amorepleasant构成最高级的含义。故选B。6.WherevertheBeatleswent,therewasaphenomenoncalled‘Beatlemania’—thousandsoffanswouldsurroundthem,screamingandgoingcrazytryingtoseethem.无论甲壳虫乐队到哪儿，总有一种被称为“披头士狂热”的现象——成千上万的粉丝总在他们周围，尖叫着，疯狂地试图看见他们。wherever意为“无论去哪里，无论在什么地方”，引导让步状语从句=nomatterwhere。①Whereverhegoes,healwaysbringsanotebookwithhim.他无论去哪里，都随身带着一个笔记本。②(2012·上海高考)Whereveryoudecidetogo,rememberthatbookingsarenotrequired.无论你决定去哪里，都要记住不需要提前订票。【点津】疑问词+ever可以引导让步状语从句，相当于nomatter+疑问词。句型转换③Nomatterwherehemaybe,hewillbehappy.=_________hemaybe,hewillbehappy.他无论在什么地方都快乐。④Howevergreatthedifficultiesare,wemustcompletethetaskintime.=__________________thedifficultiesare,wemustcompletethetaskintime.不管困难有多大，我们都必须及时完成任务。WhereverNomatterhowgreat【想一想】疑问词+ever是高中学习必须掌握的内容，高考也常以它作为考点。你知道它可以引导什么从句吗？【参考答案】whatever,whoever,whichever,whomever等除了引导让步状语从句外，还可以引导名词性从句，但是whenever,wherever,however只可引导让步状语从句。Hewon’tbelievewhateverIsay.(宾语从句)我说什么他都不信。WhateverIsay,hewon’tbelieveme.(让步状语从句)无论我说什么，他都不相信。1.castvt.&vi.

选派角色；投射(光、影)；向……投以(视线、笑容)①HewascastasHamlet.他被选派扮演哈姆雷特。②Hecastmealook.他朝我望了一眼。③(2012·湖南高考)Plasticbagsarecastintoalandfillwheretheywilldegradeforcenturies.塑料袋被扔进垃圾填埋场，在那里它们将花费好几个世纪才能降解。④Thepersonnelmanagerhasbeencastingaboutforsomebodywhocanactasreceptionist.人事部经理一直在到处物色接待员的人选。⑤Hewascastdownbythesadnews.这悲伤的消息使他情绪低落。【归纳】填写适当的介词castsb.__ 分派某人演……角色caststh.____ 把……投入castabout___ 寻找，寻求cast_____ 使沮丧asintofordown【熟词生义】读句子猜含义Aboutninety-fivepercentofthosewhocasttheirvotesapprovethenewlaw.()投票2.darevt.&vi.&aux.

敢于，胆敢①Hedidn’t______speaktoher.他不敢和她说话。②Ishowhimmynewcoat,butI__________himhowmuchitcost.我让他看了我的新外套，但是我不敢告诉他花了多少钱。③Howdareyousaythattoyourfather?你怎么敢对你父亲说那些话呢？④Idaresayyouarewrong.很可能你错了。daretodaren’ttell【点津】(1)dare用作情态动词时，只用于疑问句、否定句和条件句中，没有人称和数的变化，后面跟动词原形，其否定式为darenot。(2)dare用作实义动词时，有人称、数和时态的变化，常用于搭配:daretodosth.，在否定句和疑问句中，to可以省掉。(3)Idaresay为习惯说法，意为：我想,很可能,大概。【想一想】以前我们还学过一个词既可以作情态动词使用也可以作实义动词使用，你能记起是哪个词并说出它的用法吗？【参考答案】与dare用法相似的单词是need，它既可用作情态动词，也可用作实义动词。但是，don’tneedtodo中to不能省略；另外，need用作实义动词时，和want，require一样，后接动名词作宾语，用主动形式表示被动含义，也可跟不定式的被动结构，即needdoing=needtobedone。3.mercifuladj.

仁慈的，慈悲的，宽大为怀的mercyn.

仁慈，慈悲；宽恕havemercyonsb.=showmercyto/towardssb.

对某人怜悯withoutmercy毫不留情地atthemercyofsb./sth.任由某人/某事物摆布/控制①Theyaskedhertobemercifultotheprisoners.他们要求她对犯人仁慈。②Theyshowednomercytotheirhostages.他们对人质丝毫不讲仁慈。③Hewastreated_____________.他受到无情的对待。④Thepicnicwas_____________theweather.去不去野餐要由天气决定。⑤Be________tothosewhoshow______.对仁慈的人讲仁慈。withoutmercyatthemercyofmercifulmercy4.declinen.

衰落，衰败；减少；下降

vi.&vt.衰落；下降；婉言谢绝①(2012·山东高考)Inspiteofmanyinvitations,hewouldalwaysdeclinetovisitOxford.尽管收到很多邀请，但他总是谢绝访问牛津大学。②Profitsdeclinedby6%thisyear.今年收益减少了6%。③Thenumberoffull-timestaffhasdeclinedfrom300tojust50.全职员工的数量从300人下降到了只有50人。④Themotorindustryisstillindecline.汽车工业仍在走下坡路。⑤Thisareahasbeenonthedeclineforsomeyears.这个地区这几年一直在衰落。【归纳】填写适当的词decline_____sth.谢绝或拒绝做某事decline___减少了decline_____...__...从……下降到……__decline在衰退中，在衰落___thedecline在衰退中，在削减中dobyfromtoinonto【高考链接】(2012·浙江高考)Accordingtoscientists,ourmentalabilitiesbeginto______fromtheageof27afterreachingthehighestlevelat22.A.differB.shrinkC.failD.decline【解析】选D。考查动词辨析。句意：据科学家所说，我们的智力在22岁时达到顶峰，在27岁后开始下降。differ不同，相异；shrink收缩，减少；fail失败，失灵，不及格；decline拒绝，下降，衰落。5.trendn.

趋势，动向；潮流①Thereisatrendtowardsbettermanagementhere.这里的管理趋向于越来越好。②Everyoneseemstobefollowingthetrendforsleekshinyhairstyles.人人似乎都在赶时髦，梳起整齐油亮的发型。③Hisdesignsaresettingnewtrendsinwomen’sfashion.他的设计正引领着女装新时尚。【归纳】写出下列短语的含义atrendtowards/to..._________followatrend_______setatrend_________趋向……赶时髦引领时尚Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空1.Theriseinviolentcrimeisadisturbingnew_____.(trend)2.Weinvitedhertocometoourparty,butshe________.(decline)3.Hewillbegenerousand________tothosewhoareweakerthanhimself.(mercy)4.Themeatwas__________asunfitforhumanconsumption.(condemn)5.He______notshowthathewaspleased.(dare)trenddeclinedmercifulcondemneddared6.Theyare_______themostreasonabledietwhichwilldogoodtotheirhealth.(seek)7.The_________newsmadepeoplepresentatthemeeting_________.(disturb)8.Therewassohigh_____________inthecitythatsomebossesdecidedto_______moreemployees.(employment)9.Medicalinstitutionsmay______bloodbuttheymustmakesureofsafetyinblood_________.(collect)seekingdisturbingdisturbedunemploymentemploycollectcollection10.Theoldarevery______tojoininwiththeyoung,soonaddressingtheyarenaturally_________tobea