材料英语专业基础词汇

材料科学基础常用英语词汇材料的类型Typesofmaterials,metals,ceramics,polymers,composites,elastomer

部分材料性质复习Reviewofselectedpropertiesofmaterials,

电导率和电阻率conductivityandresistivity,

热导率thermalconductivity,

应力和应变stressandstrain,

弹性应变elasticstrain,

塑性应变plasticstrain,

屈服强度yieldstrength,

最大抗拉强度ultimatetensilestrength,

最大强度ultimatestrength,

延展性ductility,

伸长率elongation,

断面收缩率reductionofarea,

颈缩necking,

断裂强度breakingstrength,

韧性toughness,

硬度hardness,

疲劳强度fatiguestrength,

蜂窝honeycomb,

热脆性heatshortness,

晶胞中的原子数atomspercell,

点阵lattice,阵点latticepoint,

点阵参数latticeparameter,

密排六方hexagonalclose-packed,

六方晶胞hexagonalunitcell,

体心立方body-centeredcubic,

面心立方face-centeredcubic,

弥勒指数Millerindices,

晶面crystalplane,

晶系crystalsystem,

晶向crystaldirection,

相变机理Phasetransformationmechanism:

成核生长相变nucleation–growthtransition,

斯宾那多分解spinodaldecomposition,

有序无序转变disordered-ordertransition,

马氏体相变martensitephasetransformation，

成核nucleation,

成核机理nucleationmechanism,

成核势垒nucleationbarrier,

晶核，结晶中心nucleusofcrystal,

（金属组织的）基体quay,

基体，基块，基质，结合剂matrix,

子晶，雏晶mattedcrystal,

耔晶，晶种seedcrystal,

耔晶取向seedorientation,

籽晶生长seededgrowth,

均质核化homogeneousnucleation,

异质核化heterogeneousnucleation,

均匀化热处理homogenizationheattreatment,

熟料grog,

自恰场self-consistentfield

固溶体Solidsolution:

有序固溶体orderedsolidsolution,

无序固溶体disorderedsolidsolution,

有序合金orderedalloy,

无序合金disorderedalloy.

无序点阵disorderedlattice,

分散，扩散，弥散dispersal,

分散剂dispersant,

分散剂，添加剂dispersantadditive,

分散剂，弥散剂dispersantagent

缺陷defect,imperfection,

点缺陷pointdefect,

线缺陷linedefect,dislocation,

面缺陷interfacedefect,surfacedefect,

体缺陷volumedefect,

位错排列dislocationarrangement,

位错阵列dislocationarray,

位错气团dislocationatmosphere,

位错轴dislocationaxis,

位错胞dislocationcell,

位错爬移dislocationclimb,

位错滑移dislocationslip,dislocationmovementbyslip,

位错聚结dislocationcoalescence,

位错核心能量dislocationcoreenergy,

位错裂纹dislocationcrack,

位错阻尼dislocationdamping,

位错密度dislocationdensity,

体积膨胀volumedilation,

体积收缩volumeshrinkage,

回火tempering,

退火annealing,

退火的，软化的softened,

软化退火，软化（处理）softening,

淬火quenching,

金相相组织phaseconstentuent,

相衬phasecontrast,

相衬显微镜phasecontrastmicroscope,

相衬显微术phasecontrastmicroscopy,

相分布phasedistribution,

相平衡常数phaseequilibriumconstant,

相平衡图phaseequilibriumdiagram,

相变滞后phasetransitionlag,Al-Si-O-N

系统相关系phaserelationshipsintheAl-Si-O-Nsystem,

相分离phasesegregation,phaseseparation,

玻璃分相phaseseparationinglasses,

相序phaseorder,phasesequence,

相稳定性phasestability,

相态phasestate,

相稳定区phasestabilerange,

相变温度phasetransitiontemperature,

相变压力phasetransitionpressure,

同质多晶转变polymorphictransformation,

相平衡条件phaseequilibriumconditions,

显微结构microstructures,

不混溶固溶体immisciblesolidsolution,

转熔型固溶体peritecticsolidsolution,

低共熔体eutectoid，crystallization,

不混溶性immiscibility,

固态反应solidstatereaction,

烧结sintering,

相变机理Phasetransformationmechanism:

成核生长相变nucleation–growthtransition,

斯宾那多分解spinodaldecomposition,

有序无序转变disordered-ordertransition,

马氏体相变martensitephasetransformation，

成核nucleation,

成核机理nucleationmechanism,

成核势垒nucleationbarrier,

晶核，结晶中心nucleusofcrystal,

（金属组织的）基体quay,

基体，基块，基质，结合剂matrix,

子晶，雏晶mattedcrystal