专题11.语法选择解题技巧中考英语题型过关（原卷版）

语法选择解题技巧考点分布“语法选择”的主要考点分布:冠词、名词的单复数、动词时态和语态、形容词和副词的比较等级、代词、连词、介词、非谓语动词、同根词、定语从句、状语从句和宾语从句等。一、语法选择常考语法点1.考冠词：a/an：第一次提到；泛指；单词读音第一个音为元音时（an）,辅音时（a）；固搭；the：第二次提到；特指；固定搭配；playthe+西洋乐器，the+序数词；/（不填）：固定搭配；play+球类2.考数词：①sevenyearold;twometerlong;（数词做形容词用法）②fivehundred/thousand/million/billion（具体数值后面不需要+s）hundredsof/thousandsof/millionsof/billionsof(表示概数时用of结构)3.考名词：①主谓一致（名词单复数与后面的动词的形式（三单，原形）保持一致）②可数名词与不可数名词的区别，修饰语等twocupsofcoffee/tea4.考代词：①many+n复数much+不可数名词②anumberof+n复数agreatamountof/agreatdealof+不可数名词③little/alittle/few/afew否定意义：little+不可数名词few+可数名词复数肯定意义：alittle+不可数名词afew+可数名词复数④Other/another/theother/others/theothers1）other+名词复数another+名词单数（表三者或者三者以上另一个）2）others后面不能加名词others=other+名词复数3）one….Theother….一个….另一个…..(两者之间)some….Others….一些…..另一些……4）other（无范围）与theother（有范围）others（无范围）与theothers（有范围）⑤不定代词something、everything、anything、nothing+形容词⑥人称代词1）主语用主格2）动词/介词后用宾格；3）空格后有名词，用形容词性物主代词，没有名词则用名词性物主代词；名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+具体的名词4）反身代词常考enjoyoneself/helpyourself/dressoneself/teachoneself；5.考形容词/副词①ed是修饰人，ing是修饰事物②形容词修饰名词，副词（一般以ly结尾）修饰动词，副词修饰形容词③出现than,用比较级④出现as….as结构，用形容词/副词原级⑤oneof+adj最高级+n复数①时间介词at:用于具体时刻、节日前，例如：at8:00，atChristmas.固定搭配：atnoon,atnightin:用于世纪、年、季节、月份等不具体的时间前，例如：in2011固定搭配：inthemorning/afternoon/eveningon:用于具体的某一天，或具体的早上、下午、晚上;星期。ontheafternoonofMay5thonacoldday，onMonday/Tuesday…for/since:后面+一段时间，现在完成时的标志②其它介词with:与...一起，和...；带着...，有...的；以(手段、材料)，用(工具)without:没有。by+交通工具③介词+doingafter/beforedoing;indoing;fordoing…7.考连词but/however：表示转折关系；(but后无逗号；however,后须有逗号)so/therefore/thus：表示因果关系；or：或者、否则之意。and：表示并列关系；though/although：表示虽然……但是，不能与but连用。all：表示全部都，用于三者以上；none:表示没有人，用于三者或三者以上（侧重指人，表否定）both...and：表示两者都；either...or：表示两者之一（选择）；neither...nor：表示两者中没有一个；either:用于句末，表示两者的否定too:用于句末，表示两者的肯定also:用于句中，表示也8.考动词：一看：有无时态标志；单复数标志；二看：空格前有无情态动词（情态动词+do）、介词（介词+Ving）三看：并列结构；有无and/or（如有则观察and/or前或后的动词形式，答案选项的形式要与其保持一致）四看：固定搭配，如make/letsbdosth,seesbdo/doingsth等9.考被动语态被动语态：be(is/are/am/was/were)+done（过去分词）含有情态动词的被动语态：should/must/can/could/may/might……bedone10.考定语从句：跟在名词/代词后面，修饰名词/代词修饰人：who修饰物：which11.考宾语从句：跟在谓语后面三要素：①引导词②时态当主句为一般现在时时，从句可以为任何时态；当主句为一般过去时时，从句必须用过去时态；当从句为表示客观事实，真理时，不管主句是什么时态，从句都用一般现在时；③语序：陈序语序12.考词性tion一般为名词后缀separation,selection,ness一般为名词后缀calmnessly一般为副词后缀luckily,fortunately,ful一般为形容词后缀careful,ing/ed一般为形容词后缀ing形容的是物；ed形容的是人13.固定搭配pickup捡起waitfor等待dealwith处理thinkof思考lookahead向前看，预测未来lookout小心lookon冷眼旁观lookup仰望；查阅；拜访bepleasedwith对….满意beworriedabout担忧/心besatisfiedwith对….满意beamazedat对….惊讶clearaway清除sendaway发送，派遣turnaway拒绝giveaway赠送，泄露throwaway扔掉lookfor寻找lookup仰望；查阅；尊敬；拜访lookback回顾；回头看lookout注意；小心；面朝；照料lookdown俯视；向下看lookdownupon看不起lookafter照顾lookat看bemadeof...由……制成（看得见的材料）bemadefrom...由……制成（看不见的材料）bemadein...产于/制于某地makeup构成，化妆makeupone’smindtodosth下定决心做某事解题方法方法一:上下文推断法根据上下文的提示或暗示,体验语境和作者的情感态度,结合语法知识,选出符合场景的最佳选项。例1(2020年广东省卷节选)Judie’sclasswasstudyingChineseculture.Oneday,herteacherwentintotheclassroom31somekites.

31.A.to 例2(2020年广东省卷节选)Hetoldthemthatkites32inChinamorethan2,000yearsago.Attheendoftheclass,hesaid,“TheChinesemakekitesthatmeansomethingimportanttothem...”

C.areinvented D.wereinvented例3(2020年广东省卷节选)Youwillhavea34understandingofkitesthanbefore.

D.thebest例4(2020年广东省卷节选)“Whatdoyouthinkofwhenyouseeakite?”herdadasked.Judiethoughtforamomentand36,“Butterflies.”

C.willanswer D.hasanswered例5(2020年广东省卷节选)Judie’sdadagreedthatitwouldbeagoodideatomakeabutterflykite.Theymadeacrosswithsomewoodsticks,37thenJudiepaintedabutterflyonapieceofwhitepaper.Nexttheystuckthepaperonthecross.Finallytheytiedalongtailtothebottom.

例6(2020年广东省卷节选)Judie’sdadagreedthatitwouldbeagoodideatomakeabutterflykite…Nexttheystuckthepaperonthecross.Finallytheytiedalongtailtothebottom.Thenextmorning,theytook38kitetotheparkandtestedit.

D.\例7(2020年广东省卷节选)“Judie,canyoutellme40youlikebutterflies?”askedherdad.

Judiereplied,“Tome,butterfliesmeanbeautyandfreedom!”方法二:句子成分分析法分析句子的各个成分,结合语法知识,补充句子所缺的成分。语法选择中常考的句子成分:谓语(表示做动作的词)、宾语(动作的承受者)、定语(修饰性质的词)、状语(时间、地点、原因、结果、目的、条件等)。例1(2020年广东省卷节选)Judiedecidedtoaskherdadforhelpasitwas35firsttimetomakeakite.

“Whatdoyouthinkofwhenyouseeakite?”herdadasked.例2(2020年广州卷节选)Thechildrenholdtheirbookscloseastheysaygoodbyeandrunhome12.Davidandhisdonkeysheadback,overandaroundthehills,andintothesunset.

D.morecheerful方法三:固定搭配结合上下文并利用动词短语、介词短语、常用句型的固定搭配来直接选择答案。例1(2020年广东省卷节选)Attheendoftheclass,hesaid,“TheChinesemakekitesthatmeansomethingimportanttothem.Iexpecteachofyou33akitethatmeanssomethingimportanttoyou…

B.tomake 例2(2020年广东省卷节选)“Wow!”shecriedproudly.“39highmybutterflyflies!”

39.A.What B.Whata C.Whatan 易错点1如何判断形容词或副词的比较等级(2020年广东省卷节选)Youwillhavea34understandingofkitesthanbefore.

A.good B.better C.best D.thebest易错点2如何区分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词(2020年广东省卷节选)Judiedecidedtoaskherdadforhelpasitwas35firsttimetomakeakite.

A.her B.herself C.hers 四、复习方法1.复习《义务教育英语课程标准》(2011年版)中的各个语法点并能掌握和熟练运用各语法点的基本结构和基本规则。2.平时多积累,多阅读文章和对话,领悟文章、对话中句子与句子之间的关系,把握段落之间的关系,并理解整篇文章、对话的大致内容以及上下文逻辑关系,不断形成英语的语感,这样做起题目来会更加得心应手。3.加强练习,从中发现并掌握该类题目的规律,对自己不熟悉的、容易错的语法知识抓紧时间查漏补缺。训练自己的逻辑思维,并提高做题的准确性。一阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项Everyoneuseshisorherownspecialwords1hisorherideasandfeelings.Someoftheseexpressionsare2usedformanyyears.3arepopularforjustashorttime.SuchanAmericanexpressionis“Whereisthebeef?”It4whensomethingisnotasgoodasitissaidtobe.5,“Whereisthebeef?”wasoneof6expressionsintheUnitedStates.It7asifeveryonewasusingitatthattime.Weallknow“McDonald’s”wasfamousforahamburgermade8beef.Whensomebusinessmensawit,theyopenedtheirownhamburgerrestaurants.Onepany9“Wendy”saiditshamburgerswerebiggerthan10soldbyMcDonald’soranyoneelse’s.Thepanybegantousetheexpression“Whereisthebeef?”tomakepeople11thatWendy’shamburgerswerethebiggest.Thetelevisionshowedthreeoldwomeneatinghamburgers.Thebread12coveredthemeatwasverybig,butinsidetherewasonly13meat.Oneofthewomensaidshewouldnoteatahamburgerwithsuchalittlepieceofbeef.“Whereisthebeef?”Sheshouted14afunnyway.TheideaforWendy’shamburgerrestaurantwasa15.Aswesaid,itseemedeveryonebeganusingtheexpression“Whereisthebeef?”()1.A.shows B.toshow C.showingD.show()2.A.mon B.monlyC.inmonD.mons()3.A.Other B.Theother C.OthersD.Another()4.A.using B.used C.isusedD.uses()5.A.Intheearly1980s B.Inearly1980sC.Intheearly1980 D.Atearly1980s()6.A.popular B.morepopular C.mostpopularD.themostpopular()7.A.seemed B.seems C.isseemedD.seem()8.A.of B.from C.byD.in()9.A.calls B.calling C.calledD.call()10.A.this B.that C.theseD.those()11.A.know B.knows C.knowingD.knew()12.A.who B.whose C.whichD.what()13.A.afew B.much C.alotofD.abitof()14.A.with B.atC.inD.by()15.A.succeed B.successC.successfulD.successfully二语法选择阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从115小题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出一个最佳选项Many,manyyearsagomostpeopledidnothavebeautifulbooks.Somefamiliesdidnothavebooksatall.Thepeople____1_____didhavebookshadonlyafew.Insteadof____2_____books,peopletoldstories.Theywouldrememberthings____3_____happenedtothemandwouldretellthesetalestofriends.Somestoriesyoureadinbookstoday____4_____tochildrenmanyyearsagobytheirfathersandmothers.____5_____thosegirlsandboysgrewup,they,inturn,toldtheirchildrenthesametales.Sometimesthestorieschangedasonemantold____6_____.Thatiswhytodaytherearedifferentbeginningsanddifferentendingstothesamefolktales.You____7_____differentnamesforallkindsofcharactersinthedifferentversions(版本)ofthetales.Inthiswaythestoriesalmostseem____8_____differentonesandnotyourfavoritetalesatall.Somepeople_____9____stories.Theywouldsuppose____10_____thingswhichhadhappenedcouldnotreallyhavehappened.Suchpeoplebecame____11_____asstorytellers.Inmanyofthetales,animalsdidthetalking.Inothers,goodmencametohelpbadmen.Strange,excitingthings____12_____.Thedifferentideasmadeinterestingstories.Someoftheearlytales,___13______themMotherGooseversesweretoldinrhyme.Thepoemswerelearnedbyboysandgirlsathomeandatschool.WhatMotherGooserhymesdoyouknowandremember?Doyouthinktherewas_____14____aMotherGoose?MotherGoosestoriesandrhymesare____15_____goodonesthatwereadandenjoythemtoday,yearsaftertheywerefirsttold.1.A.which B.whom C.who D.when2.A.read B.toread C.reads D.reading3.A.who B.that C.what D.where4.A.tell B.told C.wastold D.weretold5.A.When B.Though C.While D.Which6.A.other B.another C.theother D.theothers7.A.evenfind B.evenfound C.willevenfind D.wouldevenfind8.A.is B.are C.willbe D.tobe9.A.madein B.madeup C.madeof D.madefrom10.A.that B.what C.when D.where11.A.know B.knew C.known D.toknow12.A.happen B.happened C.arehappened D.werehappened13.A.in B.of C.among D.between14.A.real B.really C.tobereal D.tobereally15.A.such B.so C.sucha D.somany三语法选择阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从1~15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Thetraditionofbirthdaypartiesstartedalongtimeago.Therearesometraditions1youcanfindalmostanywhere,anytime,such2sendingbirthdaycards,3outthecandlesonabirthdaycakeandsingingthe‘HappyBirthday’song.Othersareonly4forcertainagesandincertaincountries.InChina,5achild’ssecondbirthday,familymembersputmanythingsontheflooraroundthechild.AccordingtoChinesetradition,thefirstthingthatthechildpicksup6youwhatprofessionthechildwillchooselaterin7.ForJapanesechildren,8third,fifthandseventhbirthdaysare9important.Atthisage,thereisaspecialcelebrationShichiGoSan(seven,five,threeinJapanese)whenchildrengotothetemplewearinganewkimono(和服).Thepriest(僧侣)givesthemspecialsweets,andtheparentsusuallyorganizeapartyfortheirfriendsintheirhome.InArgentina,Mexicoandseveral10LatinAmericancountries,girlshaveaspecialbirthdaycelebration11theyreachtheageoffifteen.Afteraspecialceremony(仪式),thegirlsdanceawaltzwiththeirfatherandotherboys.Eighteenisthetraditional‘ingofage’—theagewhen(inmanycountries)youhavetherighttovote(选举),jointhearmyand(inBritain)drinkalcohol12buyahouse.InmanyEnglishspeakingcountries,a13birthdaycakeoftenhasakeyontop,orthecakeitselfissometimesintheshapeofakey.Thekeymeansthattheyoungperson14now15toleaveandenterthefamilyhomeatanytimetheywantto!1.A.where B.what C.that D.when2.A.for B.like C.so D.as3.A.blow B.blowing C.toblow 4.A.find B.finds C.found D.finding5.A.on B.in C.at D.to6.A.telling B.told C.willtell D.tells7.A.life B.lives 8.A.a B.an C.the D./9.A.especial C.moreespecial D.mostespecial10.A.theother B.another C.others D.other[来源:Z&xx&k.]11.A.when C.since D.because12.A.and B.but C.or D.so13.A.twentyone B.twentyfirst C.twentiethone D.twentiethfirst14.A.has B.was C.have D.is15.A.oldenough B.youngenough C.enoughold D.enoughyoung四语法选择阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法行和上下文连贯的要求，从115各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Thebackdooroftheambulancewassuddenlyshut.Thedriverrantothefront,jumpedintohisseatand____1____theengine.Insideweretheworriedparents,Mr.andMrs.Green.Themotherwasholding____2____babydaughter,Ellen.Thelittlegirlhad____3____foodstuckinherthroatand____4____hardlybreathe. Thedriver,Mr.White,turned____5____hissiren(警笛)andflashinglight,andstartedspeedingtowardsthe____6____hospital.Thecarsaheadofhimpulledoutofthewayashedrovethroughthebusytraffic.Fromthebackoftheambulance,theparentswereshouting____7____himtohurry,sinceEllenhadalmoststoppedbreathing.Mr.Whiteknewhehadnotimetolose,____8____hedrovestraightpastthetrafficlights. ingtowardshimfromhisrightwasataxi.Thedriver____9____waslisteningtohisradiodidnotheartheambulance.Thelightsweregreen,andhedrovestraightonintothepathoftheambulance. Mr.Whitetried____10____hisambulance,butitwastoolate.Ithit____11____taxi.Everyonewasshaken,____12____noonewashurt.Mr.Whitelookedbacktosee____13____littleEllenwas. “Look!”criedMrs.Green.“She____14____again.” “Itmusthavebeenthecrash,”saidherhusband____15____.“Itknockedthefoodoutofherthroat.Theaccidentturnedouttobeablessing.”1.A.start B.started C.hasstarted D.starts2.A.their B.theirs C.they D.them3.A.any B.no C.some D.each4.A.would B.might C.should D.could5.A.on B.off C.out D.into6.A.near B.nearly C.nearer D.nearest7.A.with B.by C.at D.for8.A.because B.although C.so D.after9.A.which B.why C.while D.who10.A.stop B.tostop C.stops D.stopped11.A.the B.a C.an D./12.A.and B.or C.but D.before13.A.where B.how C.when D.what14.A.isbreathing B.breathed C.wasbreathing D.willbreathe15.A.happy B.happily C.unhappy D.happiness五语法选择阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从1～15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．Ihadnevernoticedher．Shewasnotthekindofgirlwhocoulddrawattention．Shewasnottall（1）lookedordinary．Inclass，shelikedsittingattheback，readingorwritingnotes．OnedayIaskedher（2）aloudthetext．WhenIheardherstandard（标准）AmericanEnglish，Ilookedatherwithneweyes．AndIrememberedhername﹣Kelly．Lateron，theNationalCollegeSpeechpetitionwouldbeheld．Onestudentinourschool（3）toattend．Ithoughtitoverandfilledinhername．Kellypractised（4）forthepetition．However，Iwasalittleworried（5）shewasalwaystooquiet．Couldshereally（6）wellinthepetition？（7）thenightofthepetition，Isatinthefrontrowofthehallveryearly．Itoldhertotakeiteasy．Herfaceturnedredandshesaidnothing．（8）seemedthatshewasreallynervous．Ifeltupset，butIjustpattedheron（9）shoulderandlethergotodrawlots（抽签）．Asaresult，shedrewNo.9whileNo.8wasaboywhowasverygoodatgivingspeeches．Sureenough，No.8wasvery（10）．Thewholeaudiencemadeawarmapplause．Whilethey（11）abouthisspeechwithexcitement，Kellyappearedonthestage．Iwithnocouragetolookather．Itwasher（12）timetogoupthestage，soIcouldn'tbeangrywithherforanysmallmistakes．Butatthatmoment，Ifound（13）Iwassoafraidofherfailure（失败）．Thestrongspotlightandlargehallmade（14）sosmallthatnobodyseemedtonoticeshehadbeenonthestage．Ifelthopeless．Butthemomentthatsurprisedmecame．Iclearlyheardavoice，averyloudvoice，"Now，pleasefocusonme．"Threetimesinall，louderandlouder．Thewholeaudiencefellsilent．Icouldhardlybelievethatloudvoicecamefromthegirl，whowasusuallysoft﹣voicedanddidn'tcatchattentionatall．Shegaveaperfectspeech．IthinkIwillneverforgetthistouchinglesson（15）mystudenttaughtme﹣neverunderestimate（低估）thepowerofthesilentpeople．1．A．orB．butC．aswellD．and2．A．readB．readingC．toreadD．toreading3．A．allowB．allowedC．wasallowedD．allows4．A．hardB．hardlyC．harderD．hardest5．A．thoughB．becauseC．whenD．if6．A．didB．bedoneC．doD．doing7．A．InB．AtC．ByD．on8．A．ThatB．ThisC．It'sD．It9．A．anB．aC．不填D．the10．A．successB．successfulC．succeedD．successfully11．A．talkedB．wouldtalkC．aswellD．weretalking12．A．oneB．theoneC．firstD．thefirst13．A．whenB．thatC．whyD．what14．A．sheB．herC．herselfD．hers15．A．whichB．whoseC．whatD．who．六语法选择阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从1~15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。XianXinghaiwasaveryfamousmusicianinChina.Hewroteoneofthegreatestpiecesofmusicofthe20thcentury.Inhisshortlifehewrote1300songsandanopera.Xianwasb