2022-2023学年上海市文建中学高一上学期英语期中考试试题（解析版）

2022学年第一学期高一年级期中考试英语Ⅰ.ListeningComprehension(20分)SectionADirections：InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.At10：00.B.At10：10.C.At10：20.D.At10：302.A.Onaboattrip.B.Inacinema.C.Atthebeach.D.Attherestaurant.3.A.Planherbudgetcarefully.B.Buyagiftforhermother.'C.Givehimmoreinformation.D.Asksomeoneelseforsuggestions.4.A.Doctorandpatient.B.Customerandsalesgirl.CManandwife.D.Customerandwaitress：5.A.Stressed.B.DissatisfiedC.BoredD.Exhausted.6.A.Fineherforbreakingthetrafficregulation.B.TeachherhowtodriveintheonewaystreetC.Showherthewaytothepolicestation.D.Lethergowithoutanypunishment.7.A.Thekidswenttoseeamovie.B.Thekidswerehappy.C.Thechildrenchangedtheplan.D.Thewomanbrokeherpromise.8.A.Shedidn'tfeelwell.B.Shewentdancingearly.C.Shecamedowntogodancing.D.Shegotmadatthewoman.9.A.Loud.B.boring.C.Funny.D.Exciting.10.A.Heisnotsurprisedatthewoman'splayingataconcerttomorrow.B.Hewon'tgivethewomanasurpriseattheconcerttomorrow.CHeunderstandsthewoman’snervousfeelingandthinksitnormal.D.Hewillasoplayattheconcerttomorrowwiththewoman.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,andyouwillbeaskedquestionsoneachofthem.Thepassagesandconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11.A.Therearetoomanypeopleandcarsaroundyou.B.Thetaxidrivertalkstoyouallthetime.C.Singersorsportsannouncerstellyouwhatyoushouldbecarefulaboutinperson.D.Thevoiceofafamouspersongivesyouwarningmessages.12.A.Morethan12,000.B.Over15,000.C.About11.000.D.Lessthan10,000.13.A.Thepassengerswon'tfastentheseatbeltB.Thepassengerswillcomplain.C.Thedriverwillbepunishedfinancially.D.Thedriverwillbeawarded$100.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingnews.14.A.Pink.B.Green.C.Purple.D.White.15.A.Recyclingiscompulsory.B.Mostrecyclingprogramsdon'tsucceedinthatpeopledon'twanttodeliverrubbish.C.Theprimaryworkofthevolunteersistocollectandsortrubbishtothesamecenter.D.Thevolunteerswilldevotesixhoursaweektodealingwithrubbish.16.A.Toexplainwhyrecyclingisimportant.B.Todescribetherecyclingprogram.C.Todiscusswhetherornotrecyclingshouldbecompulsory.D.Totellpeoplehowtotelldifferentsortsofrubbishcansapart.Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.17A.Apilot.B.Anurse.C.Anairhostess.D.Alanguageteacher.18.A.SheisfluentinEnglish.B.Shelikesdealingwithpeople.C.Flyingintheskyisher,dream.D.Sheiskeenontravelling.19.A.Friendlybuttimid.B.Beautifulandeasy-going.C.Open-mindedandflexible.D.Imaginativeandwarm-hearted.20.A.Thewomanisnearsighted.B.TheresultoftheinterviewwasannouncedrightafteritwasfinishedC.Thewomansometimeshesitatestoexpressherdislikeforothers'behaviours.D.One'sheightisnotrequiredforthejob.II：GrammarandVocabulary(每题1分，共20分)SectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword:fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Icanstillremembertheafternoonwhenweclimbedthemountainasifitwereyesterday.Itwasasunnyday.Eagertospendsometimeoutside,Iwentupthemountainwithmyuncle.Themountainwashard_____1_____(climb)andhadtoughrocksandstreamsonit.Intheend,_____2_____(exhaust)andhot,Icouldn’tgoanyfurther.Sowewentbackdownthemountainintheend.Onthewaybackdown,myuncleaskedmeaquestion,_____3_____leftmespeechlessforasecond:“What’syourdream,younglady?”“Ihavenoidea,”Ianswered_____4_____thinkingitforawhile.Thenhesmiledandtoldmeabouthisstory.Hedidn’tperformwellatschoolwhenhewasastudent.Althoughnobodythoughthecouldsucceed,heknewclearly____5____hisdreamwas—tobeabusinessman.“IknewIwasn’tgiftedwhenitcametostudying,soItriedtobuysnacksfromamarketandsellthemafterclass,”hetoldme.Afterheleftschool,hestartedsellingdifferentitemstofindoutwhichonewasmostattractivetocustomers.Ofcourse,heoftenhadnomoneyinhispocket,butnomatterhowtoughlifewas,henevergaveup.“Thereisnodoubtthataperson_____6_____putsinagreatdealofeforttoreachhisorhergoalwillhavegoodluckatsomepoint.Themeaningofifeistochaseyourdream,”hesaidgently.ThatnightI_____7_____hardlyfallasleep.Ilayinbedtossingandturning,askingmyself,“What’smymotivation?”Ioncewantedtobeatopstudentbutthehardworkneededmeant_____8_____(put)everythingintofollowingmypassion.IfIfindmyselflackingwillpower,whatshouldIdo?Leavinghomeearlythenextmorning,Iclimbedthemountainagainby_____9_____Itmademethink:Ifwedon’texperiencetheclimb,howcanwegettoseethesceneryonthetopofthemountain?Intheend,Ireachedthetopand______10______(fascinate)bythewarmbreezeandsunshine.Nothingcouldbemorepleasantthanthat.【答案】1.toclimb2.exhausted3.which4.after5.what6.who##that7.could8.putting9.myself10.wasfascinated【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者结合自身的登山经历感悟到：要欣赏美景，必须付出努力。【1题详解】考查动词不定式。句意：这座山很难爬，上面有坚硬的岩石和溪流。形容词后用不定式作原因状语，句子的主语是不定式的逻辑宾语，用主动表被动，故填toclimb。【2题详解】考查比较级。句意：最后，我筋疲力尽，很热，再也走不远了。分析句子可知，空处用形容词exhausted与hot并列作伴随状语，解释说明主语I的状态，故填exhausted。【3题详解】考查定语从句。句意：在回来的路上，叔叔问了我一个问题，让我一时哑口无言。分析句子可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为question，指物，从句中缺乏主语，用关系代词which，故填which。【4题详解】考查介词。句意：我想了一会儿才回答，“我不知道”。介词after表示“在……之后”，符合句意，故填after。【5题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：尽管没有人认为他能成功，但他清楚地知道自己的梦想是什么——成为一名商人。分析句子可知，此处引导knew的宾语从句，从句中缺少was的表语，表示“什么”，用连接代词what，故填what。【6题详解】考查定语从句。句意：毫无疑问，一个为达到目标付出巨大努力的人在某些时候会有好运气。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰aperson，指人，从句中作主语，用关系代词who或者that。故填who/that。【7题详解】考查情态动词。句意：那天晚上我几乎无法入睡。结合句意可知，此处表示“能够”，空后是动词原形，句子在讲述过去发生的事情，故用情态动词could，故填could。【8题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我曾经想成为一名优等生，但所需要的努力意味着把一切都投入到我的激情中。meandoingsth.“意味着做某事”，用动名词作宾语，故填putting。【9题详解】考查代词。句意：第二天一大早离开家，我又一个人爬了山。byoneself“独自地”，固定短语，结合主语I，故填myself。【10题详解】考查动词时态、语态及主谓一致。句意：最后，我到达了山顶，被温暖的微风和阳光迷住了。结合语境可知，全文在讲述过去的事情，故用一般过去时，主语为I，且与fascinate之间是被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，故填wasfascinated。SectionBDirections:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.featureB.eco-friendlyC.announcedD.importsE.digitalF.budgetG.extensivelyH.acquireI.technologyJ.competitivenessK.crucialChinaSettoMakeOwnBallpointPenTips(圆珠笔笔头)OneofChina’smajorstainlesssteel(不锈钢)producershasindependentlydevelopedthespecialsteelneededtomaketheballpointpentipsandplanstomass-producethematerialtoreplace_____11_____intwoyears.Thegrouphasspentfiveyearsonresearchanddevelopmentto_____12_____thetechnology,endingalong-termChinesereliance(依赖)onforeignpentips.Withoutthistechnology,China’spenmanufacturers,whichproduce38billionballpointpensperyear,havehadtobuythe_____13_____partsfromoverseasmarkets,costingtheindustry$17.3millionayear,accordingtotheChinaNationalLightIndustryCouncil.“Itwillbeoneofour_____14_____productsinthelongrun,andwewilltrymorematerialsfortipsofballpointpenstoremaincompetitive,”saidLiJianmin,directorofTISCO’sresearchanddevelopmentcenter.WangHuimian,TISCO’sseniorengineer,saidthecompanywillinvestmore_____15_____andmanpowertodevelopnext-generationballpointpentipsina(n)_____16_____waytofurthercompetewithrivals(竞争对手)inJapanandSwitzerland.“Ifthesefactorsareignored,its_____17_____won’tattractcustomers.”saidWang.Thesuccessfulhome-madepentipshavealsowonwidepopularityon_____18_____socialplatformbecauseawiderange-ofnetizens(网民)‘believethatitisgoingtomotivateournationalmanufacturers.Makingsuchproductsrequireshigh-precision_____19_____.Specialmicroelementsmustbeaddedtoliquidsteeltomakeaqualitytipthatcanwritecontinuallyforatleast800meters.Eagertoenhanceitsearningability,thecompany______20______thatitplannedtoproduce-10.5millionmetrictonsofsteelthisyear,including4.5millionstainlesssteelproducts.ZhaoYing,aresearcherattheInstituteofIndustrialEconomicsoftheChineseAcademyofSocialSciencesinBeijing,said,“Alltheseelementscanbereachedonlythroughlong-terminvestmentandincreasingdevelopment”hesaid.【答案】11.D12.H13.K14.A15.F16.B17.J18.E19.I20.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍中国一家主要的不锈钢生产商已经自主研发出制造圆珠笔笔尖所需的特殊钢材，中国准备制造自己的圆珠笔头。【11题详解】考查名词。句意：中国一家主要的不锈钢生产商已经自主研发出制造圆珠笔笔尖所需的特殊钢材，并计划在两年内大规模生产这种材料，以取代进口材料。分析可知，空处缺名词，表示“进口商品”为名词import，且是可数名词，用复数形式。故选D项。【12题详解】考查动词。句意：该集团花了5年时间研发获得这项技术，结束了中国长期依赖外国笔尖的局面。分析可知，空处缺动词，表示“获得”为动词acquire，空前to为动词不定式符号（作目的状语），所以填动词原形。故选H项。【13题详解】考查形容词。句意：根据中国轻工业委员会的数据，如果没有这项技术，每年生产380亿支圆珠笔的中国笔制造商不得不从海外市场购买关键部件，每年造成1730万美元的损失。分析可知，空处为形容词，修饰名词parts，表示“关键的”为形容词crucial，符合句意。故选K项。【14题详解】考查名词。句意：太钢研发中心主任李建民说“从长远来看，这将是我们的特色产品之一，我们将尝试更多的材料来做圆珠笔的笔尖，以保持竞争力。”分析可知，空处修饰名词products，表示“特色”用feature，名词作定语，强调被修饰词的属性或类别。故选A项。【15题详解】考查名词。句意：太钢高级工程师王惠勉表示，该公司将投入更多预算和人力，以环保的方式开发下一代圆珠笔笔头，进一步与日本和瑞士的竞争对手展开竞争。分析可知，空处是宾语用名词，根据句意表示“预算”为名词budget，符合句意。故选F项。【16题详解】考查形容词。句意：太钢高级工程师王惠勉表示，该公司将投入更多预算和人力，以环保的方式开发下一代圆珠笔笔头，进一步与日本和瑞士的竞争对手展开竞争。分析可知，空处为形容词，修饰名词way，此处表示“环保的”，所以填eco-friendly。故选B项。【17题详解】考查名词。句意：如果这些要素被忽视，其核心竞争力不会吸引顾客。分析可知，空处缺名词作主语，表示“竞争力”为名词competitiveness，符合句意。故选J项。【18题详解】考查形容词。句意：成功的自制笔尖也在数字社交平台上广受欢迎，因为许多网友认为这将激励我们的“国家制造商”，修饰后文名词platform应用形容词，且结合句意表示”数字的"，故填digital。故选E。【19题详解】考查名词。句意：制造这样的产品需要高精度的技术。分析可知，空处缺名词，表示“技术”为名词technology。故选I。【20题详解】考查动词。句意：为了提高盈利能力，该公司宣布今年计划生产1050万吨钢材，其中包括450万吨不锈钢产品。从句中缺少谓语，且表示“宣布”动词为announce，结合后文itplannedto可知为一般过去时，故填announced，故选C。Ⅲ.ReadingComprehension(共30分)SectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.ChinaandIndiaareRebuildingtheGreenWorldOverthelasttwodecades,theEarthhasseenanincreaseinfoliage(植物)aroundtheplanet,measuredinaverageleafareaperyearonplantsandtrees.DatafromNASAsatellites(卫星)showsthatChinaandIndia-two_____21_____economieswiththeworld’sbiggestpopulations-are_____22_____theincreaseingreeningonand.Theeffectcomesmostlyfrom____23____tree-plantingprogramsinChinaandintensiveagriculture(精耕细作)inbothcountries.ResearchersfromBostonUniversityfoundthatglobalgreenleafareahasincreasedbyfivepercentsincetheearly2000s,anarea____24____totheentireAmazonrainforest.(亚马逊热带雨林)ThestudywasalsopublishedinthejournalNatureSustainabilityonFebruary11.Itrevealedthatatleast25percentoftheglobalplant____25____thiscenturycameinChina.“ChinaandIndia____26____one-thirdofthegreening,butcontainonlyninepercentoftheplanetslandareacoveredinvegetation,”saidleadauthorChiChenofBostonUniversity.“Thatisasurprisingfinding,consideringthegeneralideaoflanddegradation(退化)inpopulous(人口多)countriesfrom____27____.”China’s____28____contributiontotheglobalgreeningtrendcameinlargepartfromprogramstoprotectandexpandforests,accountingforabout42percentofthegreeningcontribution.Theseprogramsweredevelopedinaneffortto____29____theeffectsofairpollution,soilerosionandclimatechange.Another32percentofthegreeningchangeinChina,and82percentinIndia,resultedfromintensive_____30_____offoodcrops.ThelandareausedtogrowcropsinChinaandIndiahasnotchangedmuchsincetheearly2000s.21.A.developing B.declining C.stimulating D.fading22.A.imposingon B.contributingto C.leadingto D.creatingfor23.A.digital B.extreme C.harmonious D.ambitious24.A.distant B.equal C.related D.resistant25.A.expansion B.substitution C.innovation D.correction26.A.makeup B.takein C.standfor D.consistof27.A.over-reaction B.over-planting. C.overgeneration D.over-explanation28.A.considerate B.grateful C.huge D.regular29.A.forbid B.investigate C.boost D.reduce30.A.cultivation B.demand C.destruction D.supply【答案】21.A22.C23.D24.B25.A26.A27.B28.C29.D30.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了在过去的二十年里，地球上的树叶在增加，中国和印度是该过程的主导者，原因在于中国雄心勃勃的植树计划和两国的集约化农业。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：来自美国宇航局卫星的数据显示，中国和印度——世界上人口最多的两个发展中的经济体——正在引领陆地绿化的增长。A.developing发展；B.declining下降。衰退；C.stimulating刺激，激励；D.fading消失。根据上文“ChinaandIndia”和常识可知，中国和印度是世界上人口最多的两个发展中的经济体。故选A。【22题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A.imposingon利用，欺骗；B.contributingto有助于；捐献；C.leadingto导致；引起；D.creatingfor为……创造。根据下文“Theeffectcomesmostlyfrom____3____tree-plantingprogramsinChinaandintensiveagriculture(精耕细作)inbothcountries.”可知，这两个国家正引领陆地绿化的增长。故选C。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种影响主要来自中国雄心勃勃的植树计划和两国的集约化农业。A.digital数码的；B.extreme极度的；C.harmonious和谐的；D.ambitious有雄心的。根据下文“plantingprogramsinChina”并结合事实可知，中国的造林植树计划是雄心勃勃的。故选D。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：波士顿大学的研究人员发现，自本世纪初以来，全球绿叶面积增加了5%，相当于整个亚马逊雨林的面积。A.distant遥远的；B.equal相等的；C.related相关的；D.resistant抵抗的。根据上文“globalgreenleafareahasincreasedbyfivepercent”和“anarea____4____totheentireAmazonrainforest”可推知，此处通过具体的事物描述全球绿叶面积增加的5%的大小，beequalto是固定短语，意为“等于”，表示相当于整个亚马逊雨林的面积。故选B。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：它揭示本世纪全球植物增加的至少25%来自中国。A.expansion膨胀；B.substitution代替；C.innovation创新，革新；D.correction改正，修改。根据上文“globalgreenleafareahasincreasedbyfivepercentsincetheearly2000s”可知，此处指全球绿植的扩张。故选A。【26题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：“中国和印度的绿化面积占全球的三分之一，但植被只占地球陆地面积的9%，”波士顿大学的陈驰(ChiChen)说。A.makeup构成；B.takein吸收，欺骗；C.standfor代表；D.consistof由……组成。根据下文“one-thirdofthegreening”可知，此处描述中国和印度的绿化面积的占比，makeup“构成”符合语境，表示占了（全球的）三分之一。故选A。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个令人惊讶的发现，考虑到人口大国因过度开发而导致土地退化的普遍观点。A.over-reaction反应过度；B.over-planting过度种植；C.over-generation过度衍生；D.over-explanation过多解释。根据下文“Thatisasurprisingfinding,consideringthegeneralnotionoflanddegradationinpopulouscountries”可知，中国和印度的人口众多，因此推断此处表示过渡开发造成土地退化严重。故选B。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：中国对全球绿化趋势的巨大贡献，很大程度上来自于森林保护和扩大，约占全球绿化贡献的42%。A.considerate体贴的；B.grateful感激的；C.huge巨大的；D.regular规则的。根据下文“accountingforabout42percentofthegreeningcontribution”可知，中国对全球绿化贡献巨大。故选C。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些项目是为了减少空气污染、土壤侵蚀和气候变化的影响而制定的。A.forbid禁止；B.investigate调查；C.boost促进；D.reduce减少。根据下文“theeffectsofsoilerosion,airpollutionandclimatechange”和常识可知，植树能够减少土壤侵蚀、空气污染和气候变化的影响。故选D。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：中国和印度分别有32%和82%的绿化变化是由于粮食作物的集约种植。A.cultivation培养，耕作；B.demand要求；C.destruction破坏，毁灭；D.supply供给。根据上文“intensiveagricultureinbothcountries”可知，此处指粮食作物的集约化种植。故选A。SectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)Theconceptofpeaceisaveryimportantoneinculturesallovertheworld.Thinkabouthowwegreetpeople.Insomelanguages,thephrasesforgreetingscontainthewordforpeace.Insomecultureswegreetpeoplebyshakinghandsorwithanothergesturetoshowthatwearenotcarryingweapons–thatwecomeinpeace.Andtherearecertainsymbolswhichpeopleinverydifferentculturesrecognizeasrepresentingpeace.Let’slookatafewofthem.ThedoveThedovehasbeenasymbolofpeaceandinnocenceforthousandsofyearsinmanydifferentcultures.InancientGreekmythologyitwasasymbolofloveandtherenewaloflife.InancientJapanadovecarryingaswordsymbolizedtheendofwar.TherewasatraditioninEuropethatifadoveflewaroundahousewheresomeonewasdyingthentheirsoulwouldbeatpeace.Andtherearelegendswhichsaythatthedevilcanturnhimselfintoanybirdexceptforadove.InChristianart,thedovewasusedtosymbolizetheHolyGhostandwasoftenpaintedaboveChrist'shead.ButitwasPabloPicassowhomadethedoveamodernsymbolofpeacewhenheuseditonaposterfortheWorldPeaceCongressin1949.TherainbowTherainbowisanotherancientanduniversalsymbol,oftenrepresentingtheconnectionbetweenhumanbeingsandtheirgods.InGreekmythologyitwasassociatedwithIris,thegoddesswhobroughtmessagesfromthegodsonMountOlympus.InScandinavianmythologytherainbowwasabridgebetweenthegodsandtheearth.IntheBiblearainbowshowedNoahthattheBiblicalfloodwasfinallyover,andthatGodhadforgivenhispeople.IntheChinesetradition,therainbowisacommonsymbolformarriagebecausethecoloursrepresenttheunionofyinandyang.Nowadaystherainbowisusedbymanypopularmovementsforpeaceandtheenvironment,representingthepossibilityofabetterworldinthefutureandpromisingsunshineaftertherain.TheolivebranchTheolivetreehasalwaysbeenavaluablesourceoffoodandoil.InGreekmythology,thegoddessAthenagavetheolivetreetothepeopleofAthens,whoshowedtheirgratitudebynamingthecityafterher.Butnooneknowsforsurewhenorwhyitbegantosymbolizepeace.ThereisprobablyaconnectionwithancientGreece.WarsbetweenstatesweresuspendedduringtheOlympicGames,andthewinnersweregivencrownsofolivebranches.Thesymbolismmaycomefromthefactthattheolivetreetakesalongtimetoproducefruit,soolivescouldonlybecultivatedsuccessfullyinlongperiodsofpeace.Whateverthehistory,theolivebranchisapartofmanymodernflagssymbolizingpeaceandunity.Onewell-knownexampleistheUnitedNationssymbol.31.Whoplayedthemajorroleinmakingthedoveamodernsymbolofpeace?A.PabloPicasso. B.AgodinGreekmythology.C.JesusChrist. D.AncientJapanese.32.Howmanyexamplesdoesthewritergivetoshowtherainbowasauniversalsymbolofpeace?A.Two. B.Three.C.Four. D.Five.33.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.DifferentConceptsofPeace. B.ThepopularityofPeaceSymbols.C.TheOriginsofPeaceSymbols. D.CulturalDifferencesinPeace.【答案】31.A32.D33.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了鸽子、彩虹和橄榄树等三个和平象征的起源。【31题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“ButitwasPabloPicassowhomadethedoveamodernsymbolofpeacewhenheuseditonaposterfortheWorldPeaceCongressin1949.”可知，但正是毕加索（PabloPicasso）在1949年世界和平大会的海报上使用鸽子，使之成为和平的现代象征，由此可知，毕加索在使鸽子成为和平的现代象征方面发挥了主要作用，故A项正确。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，作者举了希腊神话、斯堪的纳维亚神话、圣经、中国传统以及和平与环境的大众运动等五个例子来说明彩虹是和平的普遍象征，故D项正确。【33题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段中的“Andtherearecertainsymbolswhichpeopleinverydifferentculturesrecognizeasrepresentingpeace.Let’slookatafewofthem.”可知，本文主要介绍了鸽子、彩虹和橄榄树等三个和平象征的起源，故C项正确。(B)WheretoDrinkCafeSanBernardoJointable-tennisandpool-playingportCafeSanBernardohasbeenrunningsince1912.TheVillaCrespodivebaralsooffersuptablefootballfor￡4anhour.Serviceisefficient;withlastordersat5am.Thedailyhappyhourbetween6pmand9pmincludes60minutesplayingyourgameofchoice,plusahalf-bottleofredwineandacornpie,for￡9.●AvenueCorrientes5436,VillaCrespo,541148553956,cafesanbernardo.comMSalumeria&EnotecaTradingonlyinwinewithastory,sommelierMarianaTortachoosesnewwaysonadailybasis,andkeepsalistofaround250labels.There'snowinemenu—simplytakeyourbottlefromtheshelf.●Open11:00am-11:30pm,ElSalvador5777,PalermoHollywood,541147789016,onFacebookNegroCuevadeCafeCoffeehasfounditsplaceinBuenosAires.WhileLAB:Tostadores,TheShelterandCoffeeTownarefamousnewplaces,NegroCuevadeCafeisoneofthebestdowntown.ItservesEcuadorian,ColombianandBrazilianbeansanditsattractingcakesincludecroissant.●Open9:30am—7:00pm,Suipacha637,Microcentro,541143223000,negrocuevade-cafe.comLaCalleHeadtotheNicetoVegaaddressandyou'llbefacedwithapizza.Don'tworry,it’stherightplace.LaGuitarritaisthefrontto“hidden”barLaCalle.Orderthehousecocktail,specialcandy,andpreparetosinguntildawnwithahigh-energyyoungcrowd.●Open8:00pm—2:00am,NicetoVega4942,PalermoSoho,541139141972,onFacebook34.WhichnumbershouldyoucallifyouareanaddictofColumbiancoffeeflavour?A.541148553956. B.541147789016.C.541143223000. D.541139141972.35.WhatmakesLaCalledifferent?A.Itsallowingyoutoplaygames. B.Itshavingnowinemenu.C.Itsopeningforthelongesttime. D.Itshavingspecialcandy.36.Theauthor'spurposeinwritingthepassageis________.A.toshowwineculture. B.tointroducesomewinebars.C.tohelppeoplechoosedrinks. D.toshowhowtoenjoyyourself.【答案】34.C35.D36.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个酒吧以及各自的特色、营业时间、联系方式等。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据NegroCuevadeCafé部分中“ItservesEcuadorian,ColombianandBrazilianbeansanditsattractingcakesincludecroissant.；541143223000(它供应厄瓜多尔、哥伦比亚和巴西的咖啡店，吸引人的蛋糕包括羊角面包；电话：541143223000)”可知，如果你是一个哥伦比亚咖啡迷，你应该拨打541143223000。故选C。【35题详解】细节理解题。根据LaCalle部分中“Orderthehousecocktail,specialcandy,andpreparetosinguntildawnwithahigh-energyyoungcrowd.(点一杯鸡尾酒，特别的糖果，准备和一群精力充沛的年轻人一起唱到天亮)”可知，LaCalle有特别糖果，所以与众不同。故选D。【36题详解】推理判断题。根据文章标题“WheretoDrink(去哪儿喝酒)”结合文章主要介绍了四个酒吧以及各自的特色、营业时间、联系方式等。可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是介绍一些酒吧。故选B。SectionCDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.An18-year-girlKaylaPerkinsexplainswhatisinherbedroom,“IthrowsomethingonthefloorandIknowrightwhereitis.”However,herparents,SteveandDeborahPerkins,ofMckinney,Texas,haven’tcaughton.EvenKaylaadmitsthat,attheworst,herroomisamess.Mostfamiliesatsomepointhaveatleastonechildwhoseroomlookslikealandfill.____37____Dirtyclothespileup;dirtydishesgetlostinthemessandsmellbad;homeworkislost;andvaluablethingsareruined.Someparentsletitgo,believingthatabedroomisprivatespaceforchildrentomanageastheywish.Otherslecturetheirchildren,offerrewardsforcleaning,orpunishthemwhentheydon’t.____38____Mrs.PerkinssaystheypickedupalltheclothesonKayla’sfloorandhidthem.Theycleanedeverythingup.WhenKaylacamebacktoabarebedroom,therewasscreamingandshouting,“HowcanIlivewithoutmyclothes?”Mrs.PerkinsaskedKaylatoearnherclothesbackbydoinghousework.Thesedays,shekeepsherroomclean.____39____Forexample,sinceJessica,the14-year-olddaughterwasn’tbotheredbythedirtyclothesalloverherfloor,thewholefamilystartedusingherroomasaplacetostoredirtyclothes.Herattitudechangedafterherfamilydidthat.Bythetimeshegaveinandcleanedupherroomafewdayslater,evenshewaslaughing.____40____Childrenoftenbehavebetterifyoutreattheminthewayyouwouldwanttobetreatedbyyourbossatwork—withrespectandhighexpectations.A.Therearemanywaysforparentstodealwiththeproblems.B.Themesscandisturbthewholehousehold.C.Parentsareallangryatit.D.Humorcanhelp,too.E.Parentingexpertsalsorecommendthatparentsfirstaskchildreninanicewaytocleanupandagreeonareasonabletimelimit.F.Whatdoesn’twork,parentingexpertssay,isconstantlectures,verbalthreatsorgettingveryangry.【答案】37.B38.F39.D40.E【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章讨论了孩子房间脏乱差的现象，并提出一些改变这种现象的建议。37题详解】上文“Mostfamiliesatsomepointhaveatleastonechildwhoseroomlookslikealandfill.(大多数家庭在某种程度上至少有一个孩子的房间看起来像垃圾填埋场。)”说明家里常常有个孩子的房间垃圾成堆，脏乱差，选项B“混乱会扰乱整个家庭。”承接上文，进一步说明这种脏乱差的局面造成的影响，引起下文“Dirtyclothespileup;dirtydishesgetlostinthemessandsmellbad;homeworkislost;andvaluablethingsareruined.(脏衣服堆起来；脏盘子在脏乱中丢失，气味难闻；家庭作业弄丢了；有价值的东西都毁了。)”具体说明脏乱差造成的不良结果。选项中Themess和上文中alandfill语义相关。故选B项。【38题详解】上文“Otherslecturetheirchildren,offerrewardsforcleaning,orpunishthemwhentheydon’t.(另一些则会训斥孩子，奖励他们打扫卫生，或者惩罚他们不打扫卫生。)”描述了一些家长的做法，选项F“育儿专家说，不起作用的是不断的说教、口头威胁或非常生气。”承接上文，对上文所描述的家长的做法进行否定。语义通顺，合乎逻辑。故选F项。【39题详解】下文“Forexample,sinceJessica,the14-year-olddaughterwasn’tbotheredbythedirtyclothesalloverherfloor,thewholefamilystartedusingherroomasaplacetostoredirtyclothes.Herattitudechangedafterherfamilydidthat.Bythetimeshegaveinandcleanedupherroomafewdayslater,evenshewaslaughing.(例如，由于14岁的女儿Jessica不介意地板上到处都是脏衣服，全家人开始用她的房间作为存放脏衣服的地方。在她的家人这么做后，她的态度改变了。几天后，她让步了，打扫了自己的房间，这时连她自己也笑了。)”举例说明家长在处理女儿Jessica脏乱差的问题上采用了近似玩笑的做法，达到了预期效果，选项D“幽默也有帮助。”位于段首，提出一个新颖的用幽默的方式处理孩子脏乱差的方法。语义通顺，合乎逻辑。故选D项。【40题详解】下文“Childrenoftenbehavebetterifyoutreattheminthewayyouwouldwanttobetreatedbyyourbossatwork—withrespectandhighexpectations.(如果你用你希望老板在工作中对待你的方式来对待孩子——尊重和高期望，他们通常会表现得更好。)”说明要用尊重和高期望的方式对待孩子，选项E“育儿专家还建议父母首先用一种友好的方式让孩子清理，并商定一个合理的时间限制。”位于段首，说明父母应该用一种友好的协商的方式对待孩子。选项中inaniceway以及agreeonareasonabletimelimit和下文中withrespectandhighexpectations语义相关，前后通顺，合乎逻辑。故选E项。V.Translation(15分)Directions:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish;usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.41.相较于定外卖，我更喜欢自己在家做饭，因为塑料盒不能回收，而且会产生大量的碳足迹。(recycle)(汉译英)【答案】Comparedwithorderingtakeout,Iprefertocookathome,becauseplasticboxescan'tberecycledandwillproducealargecarbonfootprint.【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词，时态语态和短语。“相较于定外卖”译为comparedwithorderingtakeout，过去分词短语作状语，“在家做饭”译为cookathome,结合提示词，“塑料盒不能回收”译为plasticboxescan'tberecycled,，用含情态动词的被动语态，“碳足迹”译为carbo