2023高考英语二轮专题复习与测试专题强化练七主旨大意题-标题归纳类

专题强化练（七）主旨大意题——标题归纳类A[2022·广州普通高中毕业班综合测试（一）]Severalyearsago，JasonBox，ascientistfromOhio，flew31giantrollsofwhiteplastictoaglacier（冰川）inGreenland.Heandhisteamspreadthemacross10，000feetofice，andthenleft.Hisideawasthatthewhiteblanketwouldreflectbacktheraysofthesun，keepingtheicebelowcool.Whenhecamebacktochecktheresults，hefounditworked.Theexposedicehadmeltedfasterthanthecoveredice.Hehadnotonlysavedtwofeetoftheglacierinashorttime.Nocoalplantswereshutdown，nojobswerelost，andnobodywastaxedorfired.Itwasjustthesortoffixwe'relookingfor.“Thankyou，butnothankyou，”saidRalphKing，aclimatescientist.HetoldGreyChilds，authorandcommentator，that“peoplethinktechnologycansavetheplanet，butthereareotherthingsweneedtodealwith，likeconsumption.Theyburned$50，000justforthehelicoptertobringtheplastictotheglacier.”Thisexperiment，givespeoplefalsehopethatclimatechangecanbefixedwithoutchanginghumanbehaviour.Itcan't.Technologywon'tgiveusafreeride.Individualsrespondtoclimatechangedifferently.ClimatologistKellySmithishardlyaloneinherpredictionthatsomedaysoonwewon'tbeclimatevictims—wewillbeclimatechoosers.Morescientistsagreewithherthatifthehumanracesurvives，theengineerswillgetsmarter，thetoolswillgetbetter，andonedaywewillcontroltheclimate.Butwhatthen？“Justthementionofuscontrollingtheclimatesentasmallshiverdownmyback，”Greywrites.“Somethingsoundedwrongaboutstoppingiceagesbyourownwill，”hesays.Me？Ilikeitbetterwhentheearthtakescareofitself.Iguessonedaywewillhavetoruntheplace，butforthemoment，sittingatmydesk，lookingoutatthetreesbendingwildlyandthewindhowling，I'mhappynottobeincharge.【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。以一个付出巨大代价保护冰川的实例告诉人们，看起来气候变化可以在不改变人类行为的情况下得到解决。但不同的人对此有不同的看法，比如有人认为科技不能帮助人类在不改变自身行为的前提下修正气候变化；有人对人类控制气候的说法感到一丝恐惧等。1.WhydoestheauthormentionJasonBox'sexperimentinthefirstparagraph？A.Tointroduceapossiblesolutiontoclimatechange.B.Todescribeamisleadingattempttofixtheclimate.C.Toreportonasuccessfulexperimentonsavingtheglacier.D.Toarousepeople'sattentiontotheproblemofglobalwarming.解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Thisexperiment...giveusafreeride”可知，作者认为这个实验会给人们一种错误的希望，但其实气候变化在不改变人类行为的情况下不能得到修正。由此可知，作者在第一段提到JasonBox的实验是为了描述一次具有误导性的修正气候的尝试。答案：B2.WhichstatementwouldRalphKingmostprobablyagreewith？A.Thefightagainstclimatechangewillnotsucceed.B.Technologyisnotthefinalsolution，letaloneitshighcost.C.It'sbesttodealwithclimatechangewithoutchangingourbehaviour.D.Jason'sexperimentplaysasignificantroleinfixingclimatechange.解析：推理判断题。根据第二段RalphKing所说的话可推知，RalphKing认为用科技解决气候问题花费高，且科技不是最终解决方案。答案：B3.WhatisGreyChilds'attitudetohuman'scontrollingtheclimate？A.Favourable. B.Tolerant.C.Doubtful. D.Unclear.解析：观点态度题。根据第三段中的“Justthemention...back”“Somethingsounded...byourownwill”可知，GreyChilds认为人类控制气候听起来就有点让人害怕，故GreyChilds对此持怀疑态度。答案：C4.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext？A.Butshouldwefixtheclimate？B.Isclimatechangearealproblem？C.Howcanwetakecareoftheearth？D.Whatifalltheglaciersdisappeared？解析：主旨大意题。第一段作者介绍了JasonBox拯救冰川的实验；第二段作者认为此次实验传递给人们错误的希望，并认为在不改变人类行为的情况下科技不能修正气候变化；第三段作者介绍了不同人对人类控制气候的看法；第四段作者认为地球有自己的规律，我们应顺其自然。故本文可用A项（但是我们应该修正气候吗？）作标题。答案：AB（2022·武汉武昌区高三质检）Doyouwanttolevelupyourmask­wearingwhilealsolookinglikeyou'reabouttobattlewithBatman？Thisislife­wearingRazerZephyr，awearableairpurifier.AversionofRazer'slatestappliancemadewavesinJanuaryduringtheConsumerElectronicsShow.It'snosurprisethattechcompaniesareconsideringaleapbeyondclothandsurgicalmasksthathavecometodefinetheCOVID­19pandemic.Ithasahardshellwithtwobeltstofitontoyourhead.Therearetwoairexchangechambers（腔）onthefront，featuringdoublecirculatingfanstohelpcirculatecoolair.ThechambersfeatureN5filters（过滤器）providingtwo­wayprotectionforyouandthosearoundyou.It'salsotransparent（透明的）withinsidelightsandananti­fogcoatingtohelpsolveoneofthekeyissueswithmask­wearing：watchingmouthsmovewhenyouspeak.Goodasthemaskappears，willitprotectyoufromCOVID­19？AccordingtoRazer，themaskisregisteredwiththeFoodandDrugAdministrationandlabtestedfor99%BFE，orBacterialFiltrationEfficiency，ameasureofhowwellitfiltersoutbacteria.“ItisnottestedspecificallyagainsttheCOVID­19virus，butoffersthesamefunctionalityandadequateprotectionduetoits99%BFErating，”Razer'swebsitesays.There'salsothefinancialcosttoconsider.Themaskitselfis$99，andRazersellsapackof10setsofN95filtersfor$30.Bycomparison，aquicksearchforSurgicalmasksonashoppingwebsiteturnedupaboxof50masksforbetween$11­$14.“I'vetriedoutthe$99Zephyrforroughlyaweeknow.WearingtheZephyrfeelscomfortable.Theadjustableheadstraps（带）allowfortheidealfit.Aboveall，itfeelsbreathablethankstotheaircirculatingthroughitsfans，”onecommentedontheshoppingwebsite.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。主要介绍了一款可穿戴空气净化器，这种设备可以有效预防新型冠状病毒。文章具体介绍了这种设备的工作原理、使用感受等。5.WhyistheZephyrmadetransparent？A.Tofixlightsinside.B.Tocirculatecoolair.C.Totesttheanti­fogcoating.D.Toexposemouthmovement.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段尾句“It'salsotransparent（透明的）with...whenyouspeak”可知，该设备被制成透明的是为了在说话时人们可以观察到嘴巴的活动。答案：D6.WhatcanbeinferredfromthethirdparagraphabouttheZephyr？A.It'sofficiallyapproved.B.It'shighlyratedbyconsumers.C.It'sspeciallydesignedagainstCOVID­19.D.It'sadequatelyprotectiveagainstallviruses.解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的第二句中的“AccordingtoRazer...DrugAdministration”可知，这款口罩已在美国食品药品监督管理局注册。据此可以推知，该设备已经通过官方批准。答案：A7.Whatprobablyappeal（s）tothebuyermostaccordingtothecomment？A.Itsadjustablefans.B.Itsaircirculatingsystem.C.Itscomfortableheadstraps.D.Itshighbutreasonableprice.解析：细节理解题。根据尾段中的“Aboveall，...throughitsfans”可知，该设备的空气循环系统是最吸引买家的地方。答案：B8.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage？A.AnInnovativeMaskMakesaHitB.SurgicalMasksAreBeingImprovedC.WearableTechnologyChangesOurLifeD.ANewTreatmentforCOVID­19IsontheWay解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章首段第一、二句为全文的主题句，又结合下文内容可知，本文主要介绍了研制成功的一款创新面具：可穿戴的空气净化器。故A项最适合作本文标题。答案：ACJoseHernandezmadehisdreamofbecominganastronautarealityandhedidsodespiteunbelievabledifficulties.“IwasworkinginafieldnearStockton，andIheardonmyradiothatFranklinChang­DiazhadbeenselectedfortheAstronautCorps，”saidJose，whowasaseniorinhighschoolatthetime.“Iwasalreadyinterestedinscienceandengineering，”Joseremembered.“ButthatwasthemomentIsaid，‘Iwanttoflyinspace.’”Asoneoffourchildreninamigrant（移民）farmingfamilyfromMexico，Jose—whodidn'tlearnEnglishuntilhewas12yearsold—spentmuchofhischildhoodtravelingwithhisfamilyfromMexicotosouthernCaliforniaeachMarch，thenworkingnorthwardtotheStocktonareabyNovember，pickingstrawberriesandcucumbersatfarmsalongtheroute.TheywouldthenreturntoMexicoforChristmasandstartthecyclealloveragaininthespring.“Somekidsmightthinkitwouldbefuntotravellikethat，”Joselaughed.“Butwehadtowork.”Aftergraduatingfromhighschool，JosewasadmittedintotheUniversityofthePacific.In1987，heacceptedafull­timejobwithLawrenceNationalLaboratory.In2001，JosejoinedtheJohnsonSpaceCentre，wherehecameface­to­facewithFranklinChang­Diaz.“Weactuallyhadcommonexperiences—asimilarupbringing，thesamelanguageissues.Thatbuiltupmyconfidence.Anybarriersthatexisted，hehadalreadyovercomethem，”Josesmiled.“Nowit'smyturn！”“NASArejectedmenotonce，nottwice，notthreetimesbut11times.Itwasn'tuntilthe12thtimethatIgotselected，”hesaid.Josewasselectedaspartofthe19thclassofastronautsin2004.Hecircledtheglobe217timesbutremainsadowntoEarthguy.JoseHernandezreceivedthe2016NationalHispanicHeroAwardandhecontinueshislonghistoryinthefieldofengineeringandspace.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了出身农民家庭的Jose在中学时期受FranklinChang­Diaz的事迹激励而梦想成为一名宇航员，他为此付出了极大的努力并最终取得了傲人的成绩，实现梦想的故事。9.WhatmadeJosedeterminedtobeanastronaut？A.TheinfluenceofAstronautCorps.B.ThesuccessofFranklinChang­Diaz.C.Hisinterestinscienceandengineering.D.Theexperienceofwor