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宝鸡市凤县2023年考研《英语一》临考冲刺试卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)ThebestgraduationspeechI’veeverheardwasonlyfiveminuteslong.Itgotastandingovation(热烈鼓掌)---somethingIneversawbeforeata1ceremony.Mostsurprisingofall,thespeakerwasaneighthgrader.ItwasmydaughterAbridlle.Sure,I’dgivenher2----“Makethemlaugh,makethemthink,andmakethemcry”---andsheletmereadand3onhertext,butshestressedthatthiswastobeher4,notmine.Anditwas.Itwasunique,notjustin5butinacharmingdelivery.Shetoldfunnystories,makingfunofherself,herclassmates,and6herteachers.Thenshe7theteachersandledtheaudiencetogiveabigcheerforthem,onlytoconclude,“Okey,teachersare8,butlet’snotgetcarriedaway.Gettingan9isasidebenefit.Therealpurposeofmiddleschoolistomakefriendsandhavefun----amIright?”Thenshechangedthemood,10herclassmatestothinkaboutthethreeyearsof11adolescentemotion----conversations,fights,12deepestthoughts,andcryingoneachothers’13.Summingup,shesaid,“14wethinkbacktotheseyears,wewillthinkaboutwhat15tousandaroundus.Butwhatwas16themostimportantwaswhathappened17us.”“Whenallissaidanddone,”she18,“thecrucialyearswespentinmiddleschoolwerereallyabout19...andyouknowwhat?That’swhathighschoolisgoingtobelike.And,infact,the20ofourlives.”1、A.marriageB.graduationC.closingD.opening2、A.moneyB.loveC.adviceD.respect3、A.workB.takeC.commentD.depend4、A.practiceB.performanceC.lectureD.speech5、A.contentB.formC.styleD.fact6、A.absolutelyB.exactlyC.speciallyD.especially7、A.scoldedB.blamedC.mentionedD.praised8、A.strictB.importantC.seriousD.available9、A.awardB.honorC.educationD.academy10、A.remindingB.wantingC.persuadingD.convincing11、A.tenderB.intenseC.personalD.natural12、A.sharingB.givingawayC.tellingD.speakingof13、A.sidesB.backsC.shouldersD.desks14、A.IfB.WhenC.SinceD.While15、A.contributedB.referredC.ledD.happened16、A.reallyB.rarelyC.hardlyD.merely17、A.toB.inC.aroundD.with18、A.saidB.criedC.shoutedD.added19、A.growingupB.bringingupC.breakingupD.takingup20、A.focusB.valueC.restD.partSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Theyfollowyouinthestreet.Theyaskyouformoneyandtheydon’tleaveyoualonewhenyoutrytosayno.Theyaretheaggressivestreet-working,fund-raisingcharityworkers,otherwiseknownas“chuggers”.Theterm“chugger”isacombinationoftwowords,“charity”and“mugger”.Chuggersoftenworkinthestreet.Theysetupastallwithinformationaboutthecharitytheyrepresent,andtheytrytogetyoutodonatemoneytothecharity.Typically,theypreyonyourfeelingsofguilt,greetingyouwithquestionssuchas,“Doyoucareabouttheplanet?”or,“Whenwasthelasttimeyoudidsomethingforsomeoneelse?”Butasurveyoftheirstrategieshasfoundthatsomecharityvolunteersarefarfromcharitable.“Manychuggerssimplyrefusetobackoffwhenaskedtodoso,’’saidBrianJones,aspokespersonforacharitywatchdog(监察人).“Oneoftheproblemsisthatsomechuggerssaytheyareworkingasvolunteers,”headded.“However,theyaren’treally.Mostofthe50chuggerswespoketoshowedlittleinterestinanythingotherthanraisingthemaximumamountofcashintheminimumamountoftime.Theygetpaidfromthissoitmakessense.Also,afifthoffundraisershadnovisibleIDandalmostaquarterfailedtogiveclearinformationaboutthecausetheywererepresenting.Byemployingchuggerswhobreakthelaw,tellliesorrefusetoleavemembersofthepublicalone,charitiesunderminethetrustweallinstinctivelyhaveinthem.”ButShirleyBosworth,chiefexecutiveoftheInstitutionofFundraising,saidface-to-facefundraisingremains“anappropriateandeffectivemethod”.“Itenablescharitiestoengagewithaparticulardemographicofdonor,anditmeansthatcharityanddonorcanenterintoadialogueaboutwhatthecharitydoesandhowthedonor’smoneywillbeused,”sheexplained.1、Whatdochuggersdoaccordingtothepassage?A.Theyrobmoneyofstrangers.B.Theycheatyouintobuyingthings.C.Theyaskyoutodonatemoneyforcharities.D.Theyhurtyourfeelingsbyaskingquestions.2、What’sthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?A.Thesurveyofcharityvolunteers.B.Theproblemswithcharityvolunteers.C.Thebasicinformationaboutcharityvolunteers.D.TheattitudeBrianJonestakestowardcharityvolunteers.3、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“undermine”mayprobablymean?A.betrayB.strengthenC.buildD.weaken4、HowdoesShirleyBosworthfeelaboutwhatchuggersdo?A.It’suseful.B.It’sdisgusting.C.It’sabsurd.D.It’spopular.Text2PeoplefromEastAsiatendtohavemoredifficultythanthosefromEuropeindistinguishingfacialexpressions—andanewreportpublishedonlineinCurrentBiologyexplainswhy.RachaelJack,UniversityofGlasgowresearcher,saidthatratherthanscanningevenly(均匀的)acrossafaceasWesternersdo,Easternersfixtheirattentionontheeyes."WeshowthatEasternersandWesternerslookatdifferentfacefeaturestoreadfacialexpressions,"Jacksaid."Westernerslookattheeyesandthemouthinequalmeasure,whereasEasternersfavortheeyesandneglect(忽略)themouth."AccordingtoJackandhercolleagues,thediscoveryshowsthathumancommunicationofemotionismorecomplexthanpreviouslybelieved.Asaresult,facialexpressionsthathadbeenconsidereduniversallyrecognizablecannotbeusedtoreliablyconveyemotionincross-culturalsituations.Theresearchersstudiedculturaldifferencesintherecognitionoffacialexpressionsbyrecordingtheeyemovementsof13WesternCaucasianand13EastAsianpeoplewhiletheyobservedpicturesof.expressivefacesandputthemintocategories:happy,sad,surprised,fearful,disgusted,angry,orneutral.Theycomparedhowaccuratelyparticipantsreadthosefacialexpressionsusingtheirparticulareyemovementstrategies.ItturnedoutthatEasternersfocusedmuchgreaterattentionontheeyesandmadesignificantlymoreerrorsthandidWesterners."Theculturaldifferenceineyemovementsthat____showisprobablyareflectionofculturaldifferenceinfacialexpressions,"Jacksaid."OurdatasuggestthatwhereasWesternersusethewholefacetoconveyemotion,Easternersusetheeyesmoreandmouthless."Inshort,thedatashowthatfacialexpressionsarenotuniversalsignalsofhumanemotion.Fromhereon,examininghowculturalfactorshavediversifiedthesebasicsocialskillswillhelpourunderstandingofhumanemotion.Otherwise,whenitcomestocommunicatingemotionsacrosscultures,EasternersandWesternerswillfindthemselveslostintranslation.1、ThediscoveryshowsthatWesterners.A.payequalattentiontotheeyesandthemouthB.considerfacialexpressionsuniversallyreliableC.observetheeyesandthemouthindifferentwaysD.havemoredifficultyinrecognizingfacialexpressions2、Whatwerethepeopleaskedtodointhestudy?A.Tomakeafaceateachother. B.Togettheirfacesimpressive.C.Toclassifysomefacepictures. D.Toobservetheresearchers'faces.3、Whatdoestheunderlinedword"they"inParagraph6referto?A.Theparticipantsinthestudy.B.Theresearchersofthestudy.C.Theerrorsmadeduringthestudy.D.Thedatacollectedfromthestudy.4、IncomparisonwithWesterners,Easternersarelikelyto.A.dotranslationmoresuccessfullyB.studythemouthmorefrequentlyC.examinetheeyesmoreattentivelyD.readfacialexpressionsmorecorrectly5、Whatcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheEyeastheWindowtotheSoulB.CulturalDifferencesinReadingEmotionsC.EffectiveMethodstoDevelopSocialSkillsD.HowtoIncreaseCross-culturalUnderstandingText3Whatmakesapersonagiverortaker?Theidea“givevs.take”takesshapeinallinteractions(互动)andrelationshipsofourlives.We’reeithergivingadvice,makingtimeforpeople,orwe’reonthereceivingend.Wekeepchangingbetweenthetwobasedondifferentsituationsonadailybasis,ifnotanhourlyone.AccordingtoAdamGrant,aprofessorattheUniversityofPennsylvania,mostpeoplearematchers.Theymakecarefulobservationsontakersandmakeitapointforthemtopaysomethingback.Theyhatetoseepeoplewhoactsogenerouslytowardsothersnotreceiveanyrewards.Actually,mostmatcherswilltryhardtopromoteandsupportgiverssothattheycangetthegoodtheydeserve.Isthereagenderfactor(性别因素)thatplaysapartinthis?AstudyledbyHannahRileyBowles,aprofessoratHarvardUniversity,focusedonthisquestion.Sheasked200seniormanagerstositdowninpairswhereonepersonwouldactasthebossandtheotherasanemployeetodiscusssalarypromotions.Male“employees”askedforanaveragesalaryof$146kwhilethefemalesaskedforonly$141k.Butwhydidtheynotbargainashardasthemen?Simplybecausetheyweremorelikelytobegivers.Asawoman,Idoenjoytheactofgivingupmytime,myknowledge,andmycareandmyattentiontoothers.Idon’texpectanythinginreturn,butIdotendtopullmyselfawaywhenIfeellikeI’mbeingtakenforgranted.IalsotendtogetupsetwhenIseealovedone’scontinuousactionsofkindnessgounnoticed.So,it’ssafetosayI’m50%giver,35%matcherand15%taker.Idoknowsomeone,however,whois99%giver.They’reconstantlydevotingtheirtime,sharingvaluableinsights(洞察力)andgoingoutoftheirwayforeveryonewhocrossestheirpath.Althoughthey’rechangedthelivesofmanypeople,theyrarelyseeanyofitreturned.Buttheuniverseisslowlyrepayingthem;they’renowextremelysuccessful,wellknownforwhattheydo.1、Wecanlearnfromthefirstparagraphthat________.A.mostpeoplethinktheyaregiversB.peoplearenotalwaysgiversortakersC.anindividualisborntobeagiveroratakerD.fewdifferencesexistbetweengiversandtakers2、InAdamGrant’sopinion,mostpeople________.A.hatetakers B.prefergivingtotakingC.enjoyrelyingonthemselves D.balancegivingandtaking3、Hannah’sstudyfocusedon________.A.theroleofgivingandtakinginjobsB.thegenderdifferenceingivingandtakingC.theroleofmenandwomeninsocietyD.thesalarydifferencebetweenwomenandmen4、Theauthortendsto________.A.thinkactsofkindnessshouldbevaluedB.expectsomethinginreturnforgivingmostofthetimeC.takegivingforgrantedD.beacompletematcher5、Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Givingistheshortestpathtosuccess.B.Sharingisthegreatesthumanquality.C.Nogooddeedgoesundone.D.Giversareworthrespecting.Text4Innoparticularorder,herearesomesongsontheMusicappofmyphone:OnaSundayAfternoonbyLighterShadeofBrown—Astudentofmineintroducedthisrapsonglomeallthewaybackintheearly1990s,when1wasteachingSpanishatalocaluniversity.ThestoryinthesongtakesplacenottoofarfromwhereIliveinLosAngeles.It’sagood“driving”song,nothingcomplicatedor“deep”.SaySomethingbyAGreatBigWorld—Amorerecentsongaboutacouplelosingcontactwitheachother.Thepianopartisverylittleplayingbutbeautiful.AmericanPiebyDonMcLean—Anothersongfrommyyouthinthe80s,verypopularwithalmosteveryAmericanofmygeneration.Itretellssomeofthekeyeventsofthemiddle20thcentury,asongofhappymemoriesofthepastandwantingtoreturntothosebettertimes.TheWeightbyTheBand—Anotheroldsong,originallymadepublicin193,butoneIdidn’thearuntilIwasinhighschoolmorethan10yearslater.Idon’tunderstandthewordstothesongcompletely,butthefeelingofthesongisverycomfortingtome.UndertheBridgebyRedHotChiliPeppers—ThisLosAngelesgroupwroteasongthat1usedtolistentowhenIfirstmovedtoLAmorethan25yearsago.Ididn’tknowanyoneherewhenIfirstarrived.WhenIgotbored,Iusedtodriveupanddownthemajorstreetsthatcrossthecityfromeasttowest,listeningtothissongaboutthe“cityofangel”beingas“lonelyasIam.(Dontworry!Ihaveplentyoffriendsnow.)1、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“deep”probablymean?A.withskill B.withcomfortC.withanormalmeaning D.withasignificantmeaning2、WhendidtheauthorprobablyheartheWeightbyTheBand?A.In193. B.In1970.C.inthe1980s. D.inthe1990s.3、WhentheauthorfirstmovedtoLA,thefirstsongheheardwas.A.SaySomething B.AmericanPieC.TheWeight D.UndertheBridgePartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Overthepastfewyears,squaredance1.(become)amoreandmorepopularexercise,especiallyamongseniorcitizensTheyoftendanceintheopenareasincommunityHowever,many2.(resident)wholivearoundareannoyedbytheloudmusicForexample,students3.(prepare)forimportantexamsare4.(deep)affectedPeoplemayhavedifferentopinionsonthisissueSomepeoplethink5.isnecessaryforseniorcitizenstogiveupthehobbyforthegoodofmostpeople,6.othersarguethatseniorcitizenshavetheright7.(do)somethingtheylikeinpublicplacesTheyarebothrighttosomeextent8.myopinion,theauthorities,insteadofforcingseniorcitizenstostopdancing,shoulddosomethingtomeeteverybody’srequirementsForexample,theycansupplysomebuseswhichcantransportseniorcitizenstoaplace9.therearefewapartmentsaroundBesides,localcommunitiescanalsoorganizeleisureactivitiesthatlittlenoise10.(create)Inshort,therearealwayssomegoodideasthatcanmeettheneedsofpeopleAfterall,everybodyhastherighttoliveahappyandfulfilledlifeRecently,IflewtoLasVegastoattendameetingAswewereabouttoarrive,thepilotannouncedwithapologythattherewouldbeaslightdelaybeforesettingdownHighdesertwindshadforcedtheairporttocloseallbutonerunwayHesaidthatwewouldbecirclingthecityforafewminuteswaitingtolandWewerealsotoldtoremaininourseatsmeanwhilewithourseatbelts1.(fasten)becausetheremightbeafewbumpsWell,thatfewminutesturnedintoaboutforty-fiveminutes,includingaridethatwouldmakearollercoaster2.(pale)bycomparisonThemovementwassosudden3.severalpassengersfeltsickandhadtouseairsicknessbags4.youmightguess,that’snotgoodthingtohappeninanarrowspacebecauseitonlyservestoincreasethediscomfortofthesituationAbouttwentyminutesintotheadventure,theentireairplanebecameveryquietTherewasnowasenseofanxietyandfearthatcouldbedistinctlynoticedEverypassengersimplyheldonfordearlife…5.oneAbabywashavingagoodtime!Witheachbumpoftheaircraft,he6.letoutagiggleofhappinessAsIobservedthis,Irealizedthathedidn’tknowhewassupposedtobeafraidandworriedabouthissafetyHe7.thoughtaboutthepastnoraboutthefutureThoseare8.wegrown-upshavelearnedfromexperienceHewasenjoyingtheridebecausehe9.(notteach)tofearit10.(understand)this,Itookadeepbreathandsatbackintomyseat,pretendingIwasreallyonarollercoasterIsmiledfortherestoftheflightIevenmanagedtogiggleonceortwice,whichismuchtothechagrinofthemansittingnexttomeholdingtheairsicknessbagSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Therewasoncealonelygirlwholongedsomuchforlove.Onedaywhileshewaswalkinginthewoodsshefoundtwostarvingbirds1、.Shecaredthemwithloveandthebirdsgrewstrong.Everymorningtheygreetedherwithawonderfulsong.Thegirlfeltthegreatlovefromthebirds.2、.Thelargerandthestrongerofthetwobirdsflewfromthecage.Thegirlwassofrightenedthathewouldflyaway.Asheflewclose,shegraspedhimwildly.Herheartfeltgladathersuccessincapturinghim.3、.Sheopenedherhandandstaredinhorroratthedeadbird.Herdesperatelovehadkilledhim.Shenoticedtheotherbirdmovingbackandforthontheedgeofthecage.Shecouldfeelhisgreatneedforfreedom.Heneededtoflyintotheclear,bluesky.4、.Thebirdcircledonce,twice,threetimes.Thegirlwatcheddelightedlyatthebird’senjoyment.5、.Shewantedthebirdtobehappy.Suddenlythebirdflewcloserandlandedsoftlyonhershoulder.Itsangthesweetestsongsthatshehadeverheard.Thefastestwaytoloseloveistoholdonittootight,whilethebestwaytokeeploveistogiveitwings!A.Shegavethemsomedeliciousfoodandleft.B.Suddenlyshefeltthebirdgosoftly.C.Herheartwasnolongerconcernedwithherloss.D.Onedaysheleftwiththetwobirdsathomealone.E.Shetookthemhomeandputtheminasmallcage.F.Onedaythegirlleftthedoorofthecageopen.G.Sheliftedhimfromthecageandthrewhimsoftlyintotheair.Nobodylikestothinktheyare“thatguy”atwork.1、.So,whataresomeoftherudestthingsthatpeopledoatwork—andwhyshouldn’tyoudothem?BehavinginanunacceptablewayThemostcommonformofthisiseatingsmellyfoodsatlunchtime.Otherthingsalikeincludebodysmellanditsopposite,thewearingofstrongpe
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