形容词比较级和最高级

形容词和副词AdjectivesandAdverbs形容词、副词

形容词的构成:1.名词+y变为形容词rainy,sunnyfoggystormy,windy,snowy,frosty,cloudy,lucky,healthy,sleepy,noisy,guilty…2.名词+ly变为形容词lovely,friendly,

lonely,livelyweekly,daily…

n+ful:careful,beautiful…n+less:careless,useless…n+ous:dangerous…V+tiveactiveV+ableenjoyable3.名词+其它后缀变为形容词：1.形容词作定语的位置Heisatall

man.It’sabeautiful

present.Theredpencilismine.Thereissomething

wrongwiththewatch.Isthereanything

special?Thereisnothingnew.2.形容词作表语Heisverystrong.It’sgetting

warm.Thesouptastes

delicious.Whathesaidproved

true.Shefell

asleep.1)表语放在be动词和系动词之后,系动词有be,become,get,prove,get,turn,look,sound,feel,taste,smell等.2)有些成对出现的形容词

Interesting/interestedShebecame______________inEnglish.Surprising/surprisedEveryonewas____________atthenews.Exciting/excitedWhatweexperiencedisreally________.Moving/movedThefilmwasso________thateveryonewas_______totears.interestedsurprisedexcitingmovingmoved3.形容词作宾补Runninginthemorningmakeshim

strong.Wethinkthefilm

reallyinteresting.Whohasleftthedoor

open?Ifoundher

asleeponthegrass.形容词作宾补指的是形容词修饰补充说明宾语.形容词作宾补

主语+谓语+宾语+形容词(作宾补)请保持教室清洁.我觉得这个故事很有趣.他说的话让我很高兴.Pleasekeeptheclassroomclean.Ifoundthestoryinteresting.Hiswordsmakemehappy.Whathesaidmakesmehappy.注意1：Simonlooks______.A.happyB.happilySimonlooked_______atmebecauseIbrokehisglasses.A.angryB .angrilyhappyangrily中考链接：Asthetripwaspleasant,theydidn’tfeel__________(疲劳)atall.tiredThecakeMrsBlackmadelooks_______,butittastes_______.bad;goodB.bad;wellC.badly;goodD.badly;wellThefoodontheplatesmells________.Youcan’teatit.deliciousB.badlyC.well

D.bad副词：1.作用2.构成与变化3.分类A副词的作用1.用来修饰2.说明时间,地点,程度,方式等,做状语.动词形容词全句副词副词做状语Iboughtastorybookyesterday.(时间)Iboughtitthere.(地点)Ireadithappily.(方式)It’sveryinteresting.(程度)Manybirdslivethere__________

(快乐地生活)allyearround,theycan_________(容易地抓)catchfishforfood.happilyeasilyThesetrousersare_________(太紧),Iprefertowearjeans.tootight副词修饰动词副词修饰形容词Icouldn’tjump_______________(够高)

toreachthemapleleaves.副词修饰副词highenough______,it’sverydifficultforgiantpandastosurviveinthewild.副词修饰全句Sadly副词的构成1.形容词+ly构成副词e.g.differentbad

closefreeclearbrightdangerousslowcarefulcorrectneatnice

differentlycloselyclearlydangerouslycarefullyneatlybadlyfreelybrightlyslowlycorrectlynicely2.如果形容词以-y结尾,变副词时要将y变为i,再加上-lye.g.angryhappyheavynoisyeasyluckybusyangrily

happilyheavilynoisilyeasilyluckilybusily

-yi+-lygentleterriblesimpleprobablepossiblegentlyterriblysimplyprobablypossibly3.以le结尾的形容词,变副词时要将e去掉,再加-y-le-e+y根据要求写出下列单词的正确形式：easy(副词)correct(副词)quiet(副词)polite(副词)5.noise(副词)6.heavy(副词)7.luck(副词)8.angry(副词)easilycorrectlyquietlypolitelynoisilyheavilyluckilyangrilyHeis_____(live),cleverandoutgoing.Ourneighboursare________(friend)andwearehappyhere.livelyfriendly注意:3.

并非以-ly结尾的词都是副词adj.

adj.注意:2.truetruly它的形容词变成副词时是去e

再加-lyfarearlylatestraighthard注意4:.有些词的形容词与副词的形式一样.fasthighlong二1qucikly2easily3angrily4truly5widely6terribly7fast8simply9carefully10heavily11busily12hard1.顺序副词Millieusuallygetsupat6pm.

.First,shebrushesherteeth.Then,shewashesherface.Next,shehasbreakfast.Afterwards,shetakesabus.Finally,shegetstoschoolandhaslessons.2.频率副词always

usually

often

sometimes

seldom

neverfrequencyadverb频率副词--___________doyouplaycomputergames?--Never.Howoften对他们提问要用Howoften(多长时间一次)形容词和副词比较级和最高级的构成规则变化单音节词和少数双音节词

1)一般情况加–er

或

–est

fast–faster–fastesthigh–higher–highestclever–cleverer–cleverest

2)以字母

e

结尾加–r

或

–st

fine–finer–finest

late–later–latest

nice–nicer–nicest3)重读闭音节、末尾只有一个辅音字母时双写加–er

或–estfat–fatter–fattest

big–bigger–biggest

thin–thinner–thinnest

4)以辅音字母加

y结尾变

y

为

i

加–er

或–est

early–earlier–earliest

easy–easier–easiest

lucky–luckier–luckiest

不规则变化

good/well–

better–

best

many/much

–

more

–

most

little–less

–least

far–farther

–farthest

(far–

further

–

furthest

)

bad/badly/ill–

worse–

worst三音节，多音节和+ly的副词比较级和最高级用more/themostdeliciouspopularwonderfulslowlyhappilycarefully

moredelicious/mostdeliciousmorepopular/mostpopularmorewonderful/mostwonderfulmoreslowly/mostslowlyExercises：good-________-_________bad/ill-________-_________little-________-_________Many/much-________-_________far-________/_______-__________/________old-_______/_______-________/_______betterbestworseworstlessleastmoremostfartherfarthestfurtherfurthestolderoldesteldereldestclean-______-_______wide-______-_______easy-_______-_______fat-_______-_______beautiful-_____________-__________________cleanercleanestwiderwidesteasiereasiestfatterfattestmorebeautifulthemostbeautiful4.形容词的比较级和最高级原级比较法Ihopethisbookisasgoodasthatone.As…形容词(副词)原级…as与…一样Sheisnotasyoungasmysister.Thehorsecan’trunas

fast

asitdid.Notas/so…形容词(副词)原级…as

与…不一样/…不如…翻译练习我和她一样勤奋.她的书不如我的多.汉语同英语一样难学.Iamasdiligentassheis.ShehasnotasmanybooksasIhave.Chineseisasdifficult

alanguage

as

English.4.形容词的比较级和最高级比较级用法形容词比较级+than,表示一方超过另一方.Sheisclevererthantheothergirlsinherclass.练习:这间房子比那间房子大.

这本书不如那本书有趣.这间房子比那间房子大.

这本书不如那本书有趣.Thisroomisbiggerthanthatone.Thisbookislessinterestingthanthatone.John

TomthanJohn’seyesarebigger

thanTom’s.Tom’stailissmaller

thanJohn’s.4.形容词的比较级和最高级比较级用法2)比较级+and+比较级,表示越来越…Summeriscoming,it’sgettinghotterandhotter.练习:天变得越来越黑.

情况一天比一天好起来.Thelittleboyisgetting______and______.tallertaller

天变得越来越黑.

情况一天比一天好起来.It’sgettingdarkeranddarker.Thingsaregettingbetterandbettereveryday.4.形容词的比较级和最高级比较级用法3)The+比较级+主语+谓语…,the+比较级+主语+谓语…Thebusierheis,thehappierhefeels.他越忙,他感到越高兴.The________________________,,the_______________________.morehamburgersyoueatfatteryouwillbe翻译练习她越长,越漂亮.你越仔细,出错越少.你越锻炼,就越健康.Theelder

sheis,

themorebeautiful

shegrows.Themorecarefulyouare,thelessmistakesyouwillmake.Themoreexerciseyoudo,thehealthier

youwillbecome.Whois___________now,JeremyLinorYaoMing?morefamousJayis______________ofthetwo.theyounger2.肯定形式：as+adj.（原级）+as…意为"和……一样",表示同级的比较

否定形式：notas/so+adj.（原级）+as…1.very,quite,too,so等+adj.（原级)

使用形容词比较级1.The+________，the+________越……，就越……2._______+and+_________(或“moreandmore/lessandless+____”）3.Which/Who+is+______，AorB？4.___________+ofthetwo5.在形容词比较级前可用_______,_______,still,alittlefar,alot等修饰，表示程度比较级比较级比较级比较级原级比较级The+比较级evenmuchWhois______________,MichaelJackson,LadyGagaorHuXia?theyoungest

使用形容词最高级时（1）可用“oneof+_________________+________”表示“是最……之一者”。

（2）the+最高级+of(in)+比较范围

the形容词最高级形式名词复数

(3)the+序数词+形容词最高级三、形容词、副词的最高级形容词和副词的最高级常用来表示三者或三者以上人或物的比较。形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the,而副词的最高级前可以不加定冠词the。但是当形容词的最高级前已经有了作定语用的形容词性的物主代词或名词所有格时，不在加the。1、主语+谓语+the+形容词或副词的最高级+of/in短语。表示“主语是……中最……的”。①Mymotheristhebusiest

inmyfamily.

我妈妈是家中最忙的。②Ijump(the)farthestinmyclass.

我是我们班跳得最远的。

③Tomisthetallestofallthestudents.Tom是所有学生中最高的。2、oneofthe+形容词最高级+cn.复数“最……之一”。

BeijingisoneofthelargestcitiesinChina.

北京是中国最大城市之一。3、the+序数词+形容词最高级+名词表示“第几大／长／高……”TheYellowRiverthesecondlongestriverin

China．黄河是中国第二长河。4、Which/Who+谓语+the+形容词或副词最高级,A,BorC?

表示“三者中哪一个更、最……”Whichisthebiggest,themoon,theearthorthesun?

月球、地球和太阳哪一个更大？词尾变化原级比较级最高级1）一般情况下在词尾加-er(比较级),加-est(最高级)。tallhard2)以字母e接尾的词加r(比较级),加st(最高级)。largewide3)以重读闭音节结尾词末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写辅音字母再加er(比较级),加est(最高级)。bighotthinfatwet4)以辅音字母+y结尾的词变y为i再加er(比较级),est(最高级)。happydryearly5）多音节词和部分双音节词在其前面加more(比较级),加most(最高级)。difficultpopularslowlytallerhardertallesthardestlargerwiderlargestwidestbiggerhotterthinnerfatterwetterbiggesthottestthinnestfattestwettesthappierdrierearlierhappiestdriestearliest

moredifficultmorepopularmoreslowly

mostdifficultmostpopularmostslowly2、不规则形容词的比较级最高级原级比较级最高级good/wellmany/muchlittleill/bad/badlyfaroldbetterbestmoremostlessleastworseworstfarther/furtherfarthest/furthestolder/elderoldest/eldest3.(2010,昆明）GoingtoSouthAfricafortheWorldCupmakesme_______,forIamafootballfan.A.relaxedB.relaxingC.excitedD.exciting4.（2011，湖南）LiNais________tennisplayerinChinanow.A.mostfamousB.themostfamousC.morefamousD.famousC

B

1.________peopleyouhelp,________youwillbe.A.More;happierB.Many;happyC.Themore;thehappierD.Themany;thehappy2.(2010，广州）-Whydon’tyoulikewinterinBeijing?-Becauseitis_______winterinGuangzhou.A.ascoldasB.muchcolderthanC.notsocoldasD.notcolderthanC

B

5.(2010，河北）Sometimeswalkingiseven_________thandrivingduringthebusytraffictime.A.fastB.fasterC.slowD.slower6.Ofthetwocoats,she’dliketochoosethe_______onetosavemoneyforabook.A.cheapestB.cheaperC.moreexpensiveD.mostexpensiveB

B

四、比较级与最高级的互换

1．Jimistallerthananyother

boyinourclass.(吉姆比我们班上任何一个男孩都高)

=Jimistallerthantheother

boysinourclass.(在我们班上吉姆其它的男孩高)

=Jimisthetallestinourclass.（吉姆是我们班最高的）

2.Jimistallerthananygirlinourclass.（吉姆比我们班的任何一个女孩都高）I.用形容词的正确形式填空1.Whichdoyoulike_________(well),apples,pearsorbananas?2.Ithinkthisstoryis__________________(interesting)thanthatone.3.Inthemorningheis__________(early).Hisfatheris_________(early)thanhe.Hismotheristhe____________(early)ofthethree.4.TheYellowRiveristhesecond____________(long)riverinChina.5.Hethinkshiscornis___________(delicious)ofallthefood.6.Ifeelmathis______________(difficult)thanChinese.bestmoreinteresting

earlyearlierearliestlongestmostdeliciousthemoredifficult句型转换：1.Tomistall.Jimisshort.(比较级合并)Tomis_____________Jim.2.Myhairislong.Mary’shairislonger.(合并成一句)Mary’shair_______________________mine.3.PedroisthinnerthanSam.(改为同义句)Samis_______________________Pedro.4.Mysisterisbetteratstudythanme.Sheisclever.(改为同义句)Mysisteris___________clever(聪明的)thanmeatstudy.5.Peterisfunny.Paulisfunny,too.(合并成一句)Peteris_______funny________Paul.tallerthanislongerthanfatter/heavierthanmoreasasExercises(A)(Writtenpractice)Mysisteris________thanI.(young)Shenzhenis________thanGuangzhou(clean)Timis________thanDenisDragon.(clever)Ithinkshelooks___________thaninthephoto.(beautiful)Theproblemis_____________thanthatone.(important)Canyouwalk________thanayoungman.(far)?Thisroadis___________thantheotherone.(wide)Insummeritis_______inWuhanthaninBeijing.(hot)Hehas_______homeworktodothanIdotoday.(much)Mymother’scaris________________thanmyfather’s.(expensive)youngercleanercleverermorebeautifulmoreimportantfartherwiderhottermoremoreexpensiveExercises(B)Tomis________boyinourclass.(tall)Ofallthegirls,Sueis___________(pretty).Unit6isoneof___________________unitsinBookII.(difficult)Susan’sflowersare_________________amongthegirls.(beautiful)ChangjiangRiveris____________riverinChina.(long)Itwas__________dayofhislife.(bad)Tom’sEnglishscoreis95.Peter’sis98andMary’sis100.Tom’sscoreis________.Peter‘sis______thanTom’sandMary’sis_______thanPeter’s.Mary’sis________ofthethree.(good)

thetallesttheprettiestthemostdifficultthemostbeautifulthelongesttheworstgoodbetterbetterthebestLindahas10dollars.Suehas12dollarsandAnnehas15dollars.Annehas_______money.WhoSuehas______moneyandLindahas_______money.(little).Kenhas10story-books.Bobhas15story-books.Johnhas20story-books.Kenhas_______story-books.Bobhas________story-booksbutJohnhas_________ofthem.(many)10.Whois______________boyinourclass?(strong)littlelesstheleastmanymorethemostthestrongest1.Thesixstudentsputtheirhands______(close)infrontofthem.2.Dosportsererydaytokeep______(health).3.Itsnowed______(heavy)yesterday.4.Therainwillbe______(heavy)insomeplaces.5.Itwillbe_____(sun)tomorrow.6.Herpenwas_______(break).closedhealthyheavilyheavysunnybrokenRevision形容词：是修饰名词（人或事物），表示名词的性质，特征或属性一种词类。它在句中作定语、表语和宾语补足语。副词：用来修饰动词、形容词及其他副词的词叫副词。副词在句中多作状语.

一、形容词和副词的概念

①形容词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前。如:

anew

book,two

bigtrees

等。二、形容词和副词的用法②形容词放在系动词be、look、get、keep、turn、feel、become、seem、grow、smell等之后。如:1.Iamshort.2.Shelooksfine.3.Theyturngreen.③如果形容词修饰不定代词something,anything,everything,nothing等时，要放在不定代词后面。如:somethinginterestingnothingnew④副词放在所修饰的动词之后、形容词和副词之前。如果前面是行为动词，则后面用副词。如:1.Sheworkshard.（修饰动词）2.Iamverybusy.（修饰形容词）3.Herunstooquickly.（修饰副词）4.Weplayhappily.（修饰动词）⑤通常在形容词后加-ly变成副词。slow→______real→______usual→______careful→______easy→______happy→______heavy→______angry→______slowlyusuallyeasilyheavilyreallycarefullyhappilyangrily三、形容词和副词的级形容词和副词有三个等级：

原级、比较级、最高级1.原级：即形容词和副词的原形。

small,good,pretty,big,manyhard,happily,slowly,quickly

①程度副词very,too,so,quite等修饰形容词和副词的原级。如：verytall、toohot、socoldquiteinteresting

run

quickly

②

as…as,(与…一样）notas（so)…as（与…不一样）中间用原级。Thestoryisasinterestingasthatone.Thequestionisnotas/sodifficultasthatone.2.比较级：两个人或物之间的比较。表示“较……”或“更……一些”。标志词：than(比）

单音节词通常是-er结尾；多音节或部分双音节词通常在之前加more.

如:smaller,better,taller,older,more,harder

moreinteresting,morequickly3.最高级：三个或三个以上的人或物之间的比较。

标志词：in+大范围,ofall,of+the+具体的数字

表示“最……”的意思。（两者以上用最高级）

单音节词通常是-est结尾；多音节或部分双音节词通常在之前加most.在形容词的最高级前必须加the;副词之前可以不加。如：smallest,tallest,newest,best

mostinteresting,mostdifficultly构成方法原级比较级最高级单音节词和少数多音节词一般在词尾加-er/ə/或-est/ist/coldcoldercoldestfastfasterfastest以字母e结尾的形容词，加-r或-stnicenicernicestlargelargerlargest重读闭音节词只有一个辅音字母时，应先双写辅音字母；再加-es或-estbigbiggerbiggesthothotterhottest以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词，先改“+y”结尾的双音节词，先改“y”为“i”,再加-er或-esteasyeasiereasiestearlyearlierearliest多音节词和部分双音节词在词前加more或mosttiredmoretiredmosttiredeasilymoreeasilymosteasily单音节和少数多音节的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成分规则和不规则。变化如下：

不规则变化，要多加注意哦！good→→bad→→many→→little→→well→→badly→→much→

→

far→→betterbestworseworstmoremostlessleastbetterbestfartherfarthestworseworstmoremostimportant

_______________________________

easy______________________________________wet_______________________________________happy____________________________________careful__________________________________thin___________________________________good____________________________________hot______________________________________easily____________________________________many____________________________________nice____________________________________big_____________________________________heavy__________________________________delicious________________________________much____________________________________给出下列词的比较级和最高级

moreimportantmostimportanteasiereasiestwetterwettesthappierhappiestmorecarefulmostcarefulthinnerthinnestbetterbesthotterhottestmoreeasilymosteasilymoremostnicernicestbiggerbiggestheavierheaviestmoredeliciousmostdeliciousmoremostMoreexamples:1.Maryiscleverer

thanherlittlesister.2.Thenewbuildingishigher

thantheoldone.3.Hisshirtismoreexpensive

than

mine.4.Kateismorebeautiful

thanLilyis.

5.Sheisfiveyearsolder

thanIam.6.Heis2centimeterstaller

than

her.7.Thisruleris20centimeterslonger

thanthatone.比较级的用法：…than…1.汤姆比杰克高.

2.这只箱子要比那只箱子大.

3.那些苹果比这些大.

4.第一个问题很容易,但第二个更容易.TomistallerthanJack.Thisboxisbiggerthanthatone.Thoseapplesarebiggerthantheseones.Thefirstquestionisveryeasy,butthesecondoneiseasier.(2)数量的比较1.我的笔比你的多.2.我喝的茶比他多.3.他吃的饭比我少.4.一班的学生比二班多.Ihavemorepensthanyou(do).Idrinkmoreteathanhe(does).HehaslessricethanI(do).TherearemorestudentsinClass1thaninClass2.Moreexamples:1.Heistheyoungest

ofallthechildren.2.Thisbookisthemostinteresting

ofallbooks.3.Americaisthemostdevelopedcountry

intheworld.4.TheChangjiangRiveristhelongestriver

inChina.5.HeisoneofthegreatestscientistsinChina.6.Thecityisoneofthemostbeautifulcities

intheworld.7.Lucyisoneofthetallestgirls

inherclass.8.Givemybestwishestoyou.9.Heismybestfriend.形容词最高级的用法 (…in…;…of…)

那个短发的女孩是我们班最高的.

今天是一年中最热的一天.

他的房间是三个中最干净的一个.

上海是中国最大的城市.Thegirlwithredhairisthetallestinourclass.Todayisthehottestdayoftheyear.Hisroomisthecleanestofthethree.ShanghaiisthelargestinChina.注意1.Thenewbuildingishigherthantheoldone.Thoseapplesarebiggerthantheseones.2.Hisshirtismoreexpensivethan

mine.如果主语是物主代词+名词，那么后面要用名词性物主代词。比较级必须在同类中进行，即人与人比，物与物比，而且比较结构前后的词语要对称，特别注意在than或as之后不要漏掉可能出现的替代词that，those,one,ones.注意3.Kateismorebeautiful

thanLilyis.

Sheisfiveyearsolder

thanIam.

Idrinkmoreteathanhe(does).than前后句子的时态相同。通常用be动词情态动词can,may,must,could,should和助动词do,does,did,will，have等来简答。4.Ihavemorepensthanyou(do).many,much,little,few等词必须带名词。注意5.Thecityisoneofthemostbeautifulcities

intheworld.oneof+the+最高级+复数名词

Which/Who…+比较级，AorB?Which/Who…+最高级，A，BorC?6.Whoisolder,JimorTom?Whoisthetallest,Jim,MikeorTom

Whichlanguageis____,English,FrenchorChinese?A.difficultB.moredifficultC.themostdifficultC注意7.Maryisthetallestofallthesistersinthefamily.在使用形容词最高级时，一定要把自己包括在比较的范围内。8.ThisisthethirdlargestcityinChina.当表示“第二，第三”等意思时，经常在最高级的前面加second,third,等词。

9.It’sourlargestmachineinourfactory.当最高级前有物主代词修饰时，其前不加定冠词the.双音节或多音节形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的特殊情况：1、一般是在原级前加more构成比较级，在原级前加most构成最高级。

beautiful–morebeautiful–mostbeautifulinteresting–moreinteresting–mostinterestingdangerous–moredangerous–mostdangerous

2、某些单音节形容词，加more,most构成比较级和最高级。

glad–moreglad–mostgladpleased–morepleased–mostpleasedtired–moretired–mosttiredoften-moreoften-mostoften3、表示在两者之间相差的程度用“具体数字+比较级+than+比较对象”。eg:Theroadistwometreslongerthanthatone.这条公路比那条公路长两米。Thispencilisfourinchesshorterthanthatone.这只铅笔比那只铅笔短四英寸。4、有些双音节和单音节形容词，既可以加er或est构成比较级和最高级，也可以加more和most构成比较级和最高级。

friendlyhugecalmfreetrueclever5、形容词原级的比较。

形容词的原级与as……as连用表示肯定意思，是“和……一样”的意思；与notas/so……as连用表示否定意义，是“不如”或“不一样”的含义。Sheisasprettyashermother.Thebookisasnewasthatone.Thestoryisasinterestingasthatone.Thequestionisnotas/sodifficultasthatone.Mybikeisnotas/sogoodasyours.6、形容词比较级的修饰。比较级前面可以用even(更加)，much(……得多)，far(……得多)，alittle(……一点)，abit(一点)，alot(大量)，still(还，还要)等词语表示不定程度或数量。eg:Iamevenlesslucky.Sheisfarbetterthanmeatwriting.Thispenismuchbetterthanthatone.TomisalittleshorterthanhisfriendJim.7.形容词的比较级+and+形容词的比较级（前后形容词是同一个）

越来越……Sheis