中考英语基础语法专题练习被动语态（含解析）

专题九 被动语态学前自测（发现考点）()1.Don'tworry.Yourpackage____hereuntilyoucomeback,soenjoyshoppinghere.A.haskeptB.willkeep C.hasbeenkeptD.willbekept()2.John___tocometotheteacher'sofficejustnow.Hemaybeintrouble.A.wastold B.told C.hastold D.tells()3.—Ihaven'tseenJohnformanyyears.How'shegoing?—Hebrokethelawand____toprison2yearsago.A.hassent B.weresent C.wassent D.wassending()4.—Whereareyourdogs,Mickey?—Thedogs____tothepetcentrelastweek.A.issent B.wassent C.aresent D.weresent()5.Somebeautifulflowers____toherdaughteronherlastbirthday.A.aregiven B.aregiving C.weregiven D.weregiving()6.—It'sdifficultforthevillagechildrentocrosstherivertoschool.—Iagreewithyou.Ithinkabridge____overtheriver.A.willbuildB.isbuilt C.shouldbebuilt D.wasbuilt()7.MrGreen____2minutestothinkaboutthefinaldecision.A.gives B.gave C.wasgiven D.willgive()8.—Sandy__tobehard-workingbyherparents.—SoamI.A.asks B.isasking C.asked D.isasked()9.Iwonderifthetalentshow___nextmonth.Ifthey____it,Imustgetreadyforit.A.willhold;hold B.willhold;willholdC.willbeheld;hold D.isheld;willhold()10.Thegarden____whiletheGreenswereawayfromhome.A.tookgoodcareof B.wastakengoodcareofC.takengoodcareof D.wastakinggoodcare常考考点知识清单（研习考点）英语动词有主动语态和被动语态之分。主动语态的句子中主语是动作的执行者,而被动语态的句子中主语是动词的承受者。只有及物动词或相当于及物动词的短语动词,才能构成被动语态。考点一各种时态被动语态的构成时态被动语态构成例句一般现在时is/am/are+doneTheclassroomiscleanedeveryday.教室每天被打扫。一般过去时was/were+doneThedumplingsweremadeyesterday.饺子是昨天包的。现在进行时is/am/are+being+doneTheroomisbeingcleanednow.现在房间正在被打扫。过去完成时had+been+doneThetworoadshadbeenbuiltbytheendoflastmonth.到上个月末为止,两条公路被建成了。一般将来时shall/will+be+doneAnewhospitalwillbebuiltnextyear.明年一个新的医院将被建成。过去将来时should/would+be+doneMikesaidanewfilmwouldbeshown.迈克说一部新电影将上映。含有情态动词情态动词+be+doneTheworkmustbefinishedontime.必须按时完成这项工作。考点二被动语态的用法1.不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。Somenewcomputerswerestolenlastnight.昨晚一些新电脑被偷了。2.强调动作的承受者,而不强调动作的执行者。Thehomeworkmustbehandedinontime.作业必须按时交上来。3.说话或发表意见时,为了显得客观公正,也常用被动语态。常用句型:Itissaidthat…据说……Itisreportedthat…据报道……Itishopedthat…希望……Itisbelievedthat…人们相信……考点三主动语态转化为被动语态的方法1.把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。2.把谓语动词变为被动结构(be+过去分词),注意虽然其人称和数随主语的变化而变化,但动词的时态保持不变。3.把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语,若主语是人称代词,则把主格变为宾语(by短语可以省略)。考点四被动语态的几种特殊情况1.make,see,watch,hear,notice,feel等使役动词和感官动词在主动语态中与省略to的动词不定式连用,但变为被动语态时,必须还原to。Ioftenseetheoldmanruninthemorning.我经常看到这位老人在早上跑步。Theoldmanisoftenseentoruninthemorning.这位老人经常被看见在早上跑步。2.一些动词短语用于被动语态时,动词短语应视为一个整体,而不能丢掉其中的介词或副词。Thelittledogmustbelookedafterwell.这条小狗必须被好好照顾。考点五主动语态表被动意义的几种情况1.不及物动词与状语连用,用以表示主语的品质和状态。常见的动词是:cut,sell,read,write,fill,cook,lock,wash,drive,keep等。Thebookssellwell.这些书卖得很好。2.系动词无被动语态。Theapplestastenice.苹果尝起来很好吃。3.不定式在某些形容词之后,且与主语有动宾关系。Thequestionisdifficulttoanswer.这个问题是很难回答的。4.“have/get+宾语+过去分词”这个结构也表达了一种被动的意思。I'llhavethebikerepairedsoon.我将尽快请人修理这辆自行车。5.在need后面,主动的-ing形式表达被动的意思。Yourvegetablesneedwatering.你的蔬菜需要浇水了。巧记:被动语态强调宾(语),用be加上过去分(词),行为对象作主语,逻辑主语by来引。巩固训练（夯实基础）一、单项选择()1.—HowdoyoulikethesoccergamelastTuesday?—Oh,itwassurprising.Thestrongestteamofourschool____.A.wasbeaten B.won C.beaten D.isbeaten()2.—Canyougooutnow?—No.Ican'tgooutuntilmyhomework____.A.finishesB.isfinished C.hasfinishedD.finished()3.Theleadersaidthatmuchattentionmust___thesedetails.A.pay B.bepaid C.payto D.bepaidto()4.—Thekitchen____now.—Butwho____it?A.wasbeingcleaned;wascleaning B.iscleaned;cleanedC.isbeingcleaned;iscleaning D.wascleaned;cleaned()5.—Theoldmanisseen____everymorning.—Soheis.A.running B.run C.torun D.ran()6.—MrsGreen,yourvegetablesneed____.—Iknow.A.towater B.beingwater C.watering D.watered()7.—Thetallestbuilding____bytheendoflastmonth.—That'sgoodnews.A.hasbeenbuiltB.hadbeenbuilt C.wasbuiltD.werebuilt()8.—Thebooksshould____tothelibraryontime.—Allright.A.begotB.sendC.givebackD.bereturned()9.—WhatdidTomsayjustnow? —Hesaidthatanewfilm___thenextday.A.isshownB.shown C.wouldbeshown D.willbeshown()10.—I____togooutatnight.—That'sastrictrule.A.amallowedB.amnotallowed C.allowD.wasnotallowed二、用所给单词的正确形式填空1.Anewinternationalairport________________(complete)inthecitynextyear.2.—Who’sthelittlegirlinthephoto,Laura?—It’sme.Thisphoto_________(take)whenIwasfive.3.Theweathermansaysarainshower______________(expect)thisafternooninthesouth.4.People,especiallytheyoung,___________________(easilyinfluence)bytheirfriends.5.Thegame______________(play)nextmon