2021年贵州省贵阳市中考英语试卷

2021年贵州省贵阳市中考英语试卷第一部分完形填空共两节，16小题：每小题6分，共16分第一节阅读下面一篇短文，从短文前的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一个为多余选项。1．（6分）从短文前的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。A.startB.differentC.plansD.watchE.andF.forG.yourselfDoyouknowwhataresolutionis？It'sakindofpromise.Mostofthetime，wemakepromisestootherpeople.However，promisesyoumaketoyourselfareresolutions，（1）themostcommonkindisNewYear'sresolutions.Thestartoftheyearisoftena（2）formakingresolutions.Wehopethatwearegoingtoimproveourlives.Somepeoplewritedowntheirresolutionsandplansforthecomingyear.Thishelpsthemtoremembertheirresolutions.Otherstelltheirfamilyandfriendsabouttheirwishesandplans.Thereare（3）kindsofresolutions.Someareaboutphysicalhealth.Forexample，somepeoplepromisethemselvestheyaregoingto（4）anexerciseprogramoreatlessfastfood.Manyresolutionshavetodowithself﹣improvement.Theseareaboutmaking（5）abetterperson.Somepeoplemightsaytheyaregoingtotakeupahobbylikepaintingortakingphotos，orlearntoplaytheguitar.Someresolutionshavetodowithbetterplanning，likemakingaweeklyplan（6）schoolwork.Forexample，astudentmayhavetofindmoretimetostudy.第二节阅读下面一篇短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。2．（10分）Itisnotalwayseasytodiscoveryourself.Fromayoungage，IhadastrongsenseofwhoIwouldbecome﹣butan（1）changedeverything.Tome，skatingwasmoreimportantthananythingelseintheworld.Nothingelsefilledmyheartwithsomuch（2）.Ispenttwenty﹣fourhoursaweekdevelopingmyskills.Ihadno（3）lifeorinterestsotherthanskating.ButIwasrewardedwithfirstplacemedalsinnearlyeverycompetition.（4），duringonecompetition，Ifellandwasbadlyinjured.ThedoctortoldmethatIcouldn'tskateanymore.Thepaininmybackwashardtobearandevenbasicdailytasksbecame（5）.Mypassion（激情）hadbeentakenaway.Ilost（6）andhadnoideawhatIwouldbecome.Aftereightmonthsofsuffering，somethinghadtochange.Insteadofsittingaroundand（7）mydays，Ibegantoworkwithlocalcommunityserviceprojects.Byvolunteeringasaswimmingteacherandsummerreadingassistantforkids，I（8）anideaofwhoIwantedtobecome.Afterafewmonths，Ifoundanewinterest.Littlebylittle，Isteppedoutoftheshadowandrebuiltmy（9）.Sometimes，challengesinlifewillgetinourway.Wecan（10）tostaybehindortrytogetpastthesechallenges.Myaccidentwasachallengethatfailedtostopmefromreachingsuccess.Today，I'maveryconfidentandoptimisticperson.（1）A.examB.accidentC.illness（2）A.joyB.prideC.experience（3）A.simpleB.socialC.comfortable（4）A.UnluckilyB.FinallyC.Recently（5）A.strangeB.relaxingC.difficult（6）A.powerB.heartC.chance（7）A.wastingB.valuingC.enjoying（8）A.gotB.knewC.heard（9）A.lifeB.courageC.confidence（10）A.learnB.chooseC.refuse第二部分阅读理解共三节，22小题（含第卷第三节5小题）：每小题8分，共44分第一节阅读下面三个语篇，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。3．（8分）TheOlympicGamesbeganinOlympia，inancientGreece.Theyweremadeupofmanysports.Theystillexisttoday.TheserunnersaretakingpartinthemodernOlympics.AttheancientOlympicstherewerewrestlingmatches.Someathleteshurledadiscusasfarastheycould.AnotherpopularOlympicsportwasthelongjump.Menracedaroundatrackinchariotspulledbyhorses.ThemodernOlympicsareheldallovertheworld.Onlythebestathletestakepart.ATHENSAthensisthecapitalofGreece.ItwasthehostcityofthefirstmodernOlympicGamesin1896.ThegamestookplaceinthePanathenaicStadium.BEIJINGBeijingisthecapitalofChina.Ithostedthe2008OlympicGames.TheopeningceremonywasintheNationalStadium.Itisalsocalled"theBird'sNest".LONDONLondonisthecapitalofGreatBritain.IthashostedtheOlympicGamesthreetimes（in1908，1948and2012），morethananyothercity.ThegamestookplaceintheWimbledonStadium.（1）Howmanysportsarementionedinthismaterial？A.Three.B.Four.C.Five.（2）WhichcityheldthefirstmodernOlympicGames？A.Athens.B.Beijing.C.London.（3）Theopeningceremonyofthe2008OlympicGameswasin.A.theNationalStadiumB.thePanathenaicStadiumC.theWimbledonStadium（4）Thismaterialismostprobablytakenfrom.A.astorybookB.amagazineC.anadvertisement4．（8分）China'sGrandCanalMostpeoplehaveheardoftheGreatWallofChina，butnotmanypeopleoutsideofChinaknowabouttheGrandCanal.Thisman﹣madewaterway﹣knowninChinaasDaYunhe﹣is1，700kilometerslongandsomepartsofitaremorethan2，000yearsold.ItlinksthenorthofChinawithHangzhou，acityinthesouthernpartofthecountry.It'sthelongestman﹣madewaterwayintheworld.Itwasbuiltasawaytotransportgrain（谷物）fromtherichagriculturallandinChina'ssouthtocitiesinthenorth.Infact，it'snotonecanal，butasystemofcanalsandriverslinkedtogether.It'sstillanimportantpartofthetransportsysteminChina.Thousandsofboatsuseiteverydaytotransportgrainandmanyothertypesofcargo.NowtheChinesegovernmentisdoingnewworkontheGrandCanal，Itismakingpartsofitdeeper，sobiggershipscanuseit.Thecanalwillalsohelptomovewater.ThereisalotofraininthesouthofChina，butnotasmuchinthenorth.Thecanalwillcarrymillionsoflitersofwaterfromthesouthtothenorth.TheGrandCanalismuchlessfamousthantheGreatWall，andnotverymanytouristsvisitit.Butitspossibletogoonacruise（乘船游览）alongsomeoftheoldestpartsofthecanal.PassengersonthesecruisesseebeautifulpartsofChinathatothervisitorsdon'tsee.（1）Fromthepassage，weknowthattheGrandCanalis.A.morethantwothousandyearsoldB.morefamousthantheGreatWallC.thelongestman﹣madewaterway（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"links"mostprobablymeaninparagraph1？A.Connects.B.Compares.C.Competes.（3）Whatisthemainideaofparagraph2？A.TheGrandCanalishelpingtomovewater.B.Whythecanalwasbuiltandhowitisusednow.C.TheGrandCanalwasusedfortransportinggrain.（4）What'sthepurposeofthepassage？A.TodescribehowbeautifultheGrandCanalis.B.TointroducehowimportanttheGrandCanalis.C.ToexplainwhyfewpeoplevisittheGrandCanal5．（8分）Mostchildrenaretaughtthevirtue（美德）ofhonestyfromstories.Thewell﹣knownstoryofPinocchioteachestheimportanceoftellingthetruth.EverytimePinocchiolies，hisnosegrowslongerandlonger.Anotherstoryisabouttheboywho"criedwolf."Intheend，helosesallhissheepandthetrustofhisfellowvillagersbecausehetellsliesmanytimes.Thesetypesofstoriesshowchildrenthat"honestyisthebestpolicy."Still，ifthisisthecase，thenwhydosomanypeoplelie？Thefactisthatpeoplelieformanyreasons.Onereasonpeoplelieistominimize（减少）amistake.Whileitistruethateveryonedoessomethingwrongfromtimetotime，somepeopledonothavethecouragetoadmittheirerrors（错误）becausetheyareafraidtheywillbeblamed.Forexample，studentsmightlietotheirteachersaboutunfinishedhomework.Theymightsaythattheylefttheworkathomewhen，infact，theydidnotdotheworkatall.Thesestudentsdonotwanttogetintroubleorseemirresponsible，sotheymakeupanexcuse﹣alie﹣tosaveface.Anotherreasonforlyinghastodowithself﹣protection.Parents，particularlythosewithyoungchildren，mayteachtheirchildrentousethistypeof"protective"lieincertaincircumstances（状况）.Whatshouldchildrendoifastrangercallswhiletheparentsareout？Manyparentsteachtheirchildrentoexplainthattheirmotherandfatheraretoobusytocometothephoneatthattime.Inthissituation，protectivelyingcanmeangreatersafety.Peoplelieformanyreasons，bothgoodandbad.Lyingtokeepthepeaceortostaysafecanhavepositiveresults.However，lyingtostayoutoftroublecanleadtomoretroubleintheend.Understandingthemotivesbehindtheimpulse（冲动）toliemightminimizethishabitoflying.（1）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"this"refertointhepassage？A.Honestyisthebestpolicy.B.Thewell﹣knownstoryofPinocchio.C.Thestoryoftheboywho"criedwolf".（2）Howdoesthewriterexplainwhypeopletelllies？A.Byaskingquestions.B.Bygivingexamples.C.Byshowingtheresults.（3）Whatisthecorrectstructureofthepassage？（P﹣paragraph1）A.B.C.（4）What'sthebesttitleforthepassage？A.TheTruthbehindLying.B.TheTypesofLies.C.TheHabitofLying.第二节阅读下面一篇短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一个为多余选项。6．（10分）Whatkindofmusicdoyoulike？Howdoyoufeelwhenyoulistentoyourfavoritemusic？Doyouthinkmusiccanmakepeoplefeelbetterorhelpthemtolearn？JenMorganisamusictherapist（治疗师）.（1）Jenusesmusictohelpherpatientslearnnewskills.Shecanalsohelppatientswiththeirspeakingandtheirmemory.Jenusesdifferentactivitieswithherpatients.Shegetsthemtolistentomusicandsingorplayalong.（2）Jenmightgetthemtoclap，jumpordance.Jenalsoasksherpatientstotrytoremembersongstheylike.Jenwritessongsandusestheminhertherapywork.Shesays，"（3）.Iwritesongsabouteverything：aboutgettingdressed，aboutflowers，aboutmyfavoritefood﹣younameit!Sometimesmypatientshelpmewritesongs."Jenlovesherjobasamusictherapist.Shesays，"（4）.It'swonderfultoseehowmusictherapycanhelpchildrenwithdisabilities.OftenchildrenareshywhenIfirstmeetthem.（5）Musicmakespeoplefeelgood!"A.I'mveryluckytohavethisjob.B.Sheworkswithchildrenwithdisabilities.C.Jenplayswithchildrentosinganddance.D.I'veprobablywrittenmorethan200songs.E.Herpatientsalsoenjoymovingtothemusic.F.Buttheysoonstarthavingfunandenjoyingthemusic.第三节阅读下面一篇短文，根据其内容填空。7．（10分）Scienceisthebestwaywehaveoffindingoutabouttheworld.Scientistscollectevidence（证据）.Theyhaveideasaboutthewaythingswork.Scienceteststhoseideas.Sometimesthetestwillshowthattheideaisnotcorrect.Iftheideapassesthetest，itaddstoourunderstanding.Scientistsmakeobservations（观察）.Theymaylook，orlisten.Theymayreadtheworkofotherscientists.Thisgivesthemideas.Youcandothis.Youcanlookaroundyou.Youcanaskquestions.Youcanplanatesttofindout.Youcandiscoversomethingnew.Scientistsmakepredictions.Theysaysomethingaboutthefuture.Theymightsay'ifIdothis，thenIthinkthatwillhappen'.IsaacNewtonwasafamousscientist.Whenheshonewhitelightthroughaglassprism，hesawaspectrum（光谱）ofdifferentcolors.Newtonpredictedwhatwouldhappenifheshonethespectrumthroughasecondprism.Hethoughtthecolorswouldcometogetherandhewouldseewhitelightagain.Hetriedit.Heshoneaspectrumthroughasecondprism.Hewasright.Thecolorsmadewhitelight.Hediscoveredthatwhitelightismadeupofmanycolors.It'simportanttotestyourideas.I'simportanttoplanafairtest.Ascientistwonderedhowatreegrows.Wheredoesallthatmaterialcomefrom？Wasitfromthesoil？Heplantedayoungtreeinapot.Heweighedthepot，thedrysoilandthetreeatthestartofhistest.Yearslater，thetreehadgrowntall.Ithadmanybranchesandleaves.Thescientistdugitup.Heweighedit.Thetreeweighedfarmorethanwhenitwasyoung.Thenheweighedthepotandthedrysoil.Itweighedjustabitless.Wherehadallthenewtreematerialcomefrom？Hedecidedthattreesusewater，andagasfromtheair，togrow.（1）Accordingtothepassage，weknowthatsciencecanhelpus.（2）Wecanknowscientiststrytomakeobservationsinparagraph2.（3）AfterNewtonshoneaspectrumofdifferentcolorsthroughtheprism，hesaw.（4）Thescientistdidatestandfoundthattreescangrowbecauseof.（5）Wehavelearnedthatfromthepassage.第三部分写作共四节，第一、二、三节15分，第四节15分，共30分第一节根据语境，用所给词的适当形式填空。（每小题1分，共5分）8．（1分）Marydoesn't（real）careifherfriendsarethesameordifferent.9．（1分）The（seven）BigDataExpowasheldsuccessfullyinGuiyanginMay，2021.10．（1分）Parentsandschoolsmake（rule）tohelpthestudentstobecomebetterandbetter.11．（1分）YuanLongping，oneofthe（great）scientistsintheworld，isknownas"Fatherofhybridrice".12．（1分）TheCommunistPartyofChina（中国共产党）has（it）100﹣yearanniversarythisyear.第二节根据语境，选择恰当的短语完成下列各句。短语中有一个为多余短语。（每小题5分共5分13．（5分）选择恰当的短语完成下列各句。onfire，feltlike，tablemanners，dreamsof，inhalf，comesfrom（1）Talkingtoyourparentsaboutyourproblemsislikecuttingit.（2）Helentriedparaglidingandsheshewasabird.Itwassoexciting!（3）SteveisgoingtoBeijingtostudy，soheisaskinghisfriendabouttheinChina.（4）Theclassicsremindusnottoforgetourpastandexplainwhereourculturalconfidence.（5）Ifyoufindsomethingintheroom，youshouldcutofftheelectricityandleavethehouseatonce.第三节根据中文意思，补全英语译文。（每小题1分，共5分；每空限填词，缩写算词）14．（1分）别在走廊上奔跑，要不你会摔倒的。inthehallways，oryoumightfallover.15．（1分）作为中学生，我们必须珍惜生命，远离毒品。Asmiddleschoolstudents，wemustcherishandkeepawayfromdrugs.16．（1分）王老师对学生们很耐心，因此受到学生们的喜爱。MissWangispatientwithherstudentstheylikeheralot.17．（1分）在做儿童教育的自愿服务过程中，玛丽不但做了自己喜欢的事情，而且还帮助了别人。Byvolunteeringasateacherforkids，Marynotonlydoeswhatshelovestodo，helpsothers.18．（1分）虽然每天植树是不现实的，但是只要心中有绿意，一木终成林。foryoutoplantatreeeveryday，butifyouhaveatreeinyourheartthenyoucantakecareofthewholeenvironment.一、第四节书面表达（本题15分）19．（15分）美不仅在于外表，更在于内心。最美的人可以是为人类进步做出贡献的伟人，也可以是我们身边默默无闻的普通人。在你心目中谁最美？假如你是李华，学校将要开展以"TheMostBeautifulPersoninMyHeart"为主题的征文活动，请你写箱不少于80词的征文投稿。TheMostBeautifulPersoninMyHeartNameandjobAppearanceandpersonalityWhydoyouthinkthepersonisthemostbeautiful？Whathaveyoulearntfromtheperson？要求如下：1.包含思维导图的所有信息；2.重点谈谈这个人美在哪里，并举一个例子说明；3.征文中不得出现考生真实的个人信息。_________________________________

2021年贵州省贵阳市中考英语试卷参考答案与试题解析第一部分完形填空共两节，16小题：每小题6分，共16分第一节阅读下面一篇短文，从短文前的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一个为多余选项。1．【分析】短文主要介绍决心这是对你自己做出的承诺，其中包括新年决心，作者对各种新年决心进行了说明。【解答】（1）E.考查连词。句意"然而，你对自己的承诺是决心，____最常见的是新年决心。"根据所给单词提示可知，应该是"然后"，表示递进用and。故选E。（2）C.考查名词。句意：一些写下他们来年的决定和计划。根据所给单词并结合句子可知，and连接并列成分，resolutions是复数名词，因此空处填plans"计划"。故选C。（3）B.考查形容词。句意：决定有不同的类型。空后处为名词，应用形容词修饰名词，故填different"不同的"。故选B。（4）A.考查动词。句意：有些人自己承诺，他们将开始一个锻炼项目或少吃快餐。begoingto后接动词原形，根据所给单词并结合句意可知，空处填start"开始"。故选A。（5）G.考查反身代词。句意：这些事关于让自己成为一个更优秀的人的。makesb.sth."使某人成为……"，此处缺人称代词，根据所给单词并结合句意，可知yourself"你自己"符合语境。故选G。（6）F.考查介词。句意：一些决定与更好的规划相关，比如为学校作业制定周计划。for"为了……"，表目的。故选F。第二节阅读下面一篇短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。2．【分析】本文主要介绍了作者滑冰时受伤而导致作者失去信心，但是在作者当志愿者作游泳老师和阅读助教时重获信心。【解答】（1）B.考查名词。A.exam考试；B.accident事故；C.illness疾病；根据语境可知，作者在一次比赛中严重受伤，因此选accident符合题意。故选B。（2）A.考查名词。A.joy欢乐；B.pride自豪；C.experience经历；根据"Ispenttwenty﹣fourhoursaweekdeveloping..."可知，滑冰给作者带来很多欢乐。故选A。（3）B.考查形容词。A.simple简单的；B.social社会的；C.comfortable舒适的；根据"lifeorinterestsotherthanskating"可知，除了滑冰，作者没有社交活动或者爱好。故选B。（4）A.考查副词。A.Unluckily不幸地；B.Finally最终；C.Recently最近；根据语境可知，作者在比赛中严重受伤，这很不幸。故选A。（5）C.考查形容词。A.strange奇怪的；B.relaxing放松的；C.difficult困难的；根据"Thepaininmybackwashardtobear"可知，甚至基本的日常事物都变得困难。故选C。（6）B.考查名词。A.power力量；B.heart心脏；C.chance机会；根据句意可知，作者失去了信心，loseheart为固定搭配，意为"灰心"。故选B。（7）A.考查动词。A.wasting浪费；B.valuing珍惜；C.enjoying享受；根据"Ibegantoworkwithlocalcommunityserviceprojects"可知，作者不再浪费时间，而是参与当地的社区服务项目。故选A。（8）A.考查动词。A.got得到；B.knew知道；C.heard听到；根据语境可知，通过做助教以后，作者有了主意想成为谁的样子，因此选got。故选A。（9）C.考查名词。A.life生活；B.courage勇气；C.confidence信心。根据6空处Ilostheart"我失去了信心"可知，应该是重拾"信心"。故选：C。（10）B.考查动词。A.learn学习；B.choose选择；C.refuse拒绝；根据语境可知，生活中的挑战会阻碍我们，我们可以选择留在后面或者试图克服这些挑战，因此此处选choose符合题意。故选B。第二部分阅读理解共三节，22小题（含第卷第三节5小题）：每小题8分，共44分第一节阅读下面三个语篇，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。3．【分析】本文主要简单介绍了奥运会的起源、运动项目和三个曾经举办过奥运会的城市。【解答】（1）C.细节理解题。根据"TheserunnersaretakingpartinthemodernOlympics.AttheancientOlympicstherewerewrestlingmatches.Someathleteshurledadiscusasfarastheycould.AnotherpopularOlympicsportwasthelongjump.Menracedaroundatrackinchariotspulledbyhorses"这些赛跑运动员将参加现代奥运会。古代奥运会有摔跤比赛。一些运动员把铁饼掷得尽可能远。另一个受欢迎的奥运会项目是跳远。人们坐在马拉的战车上绕着跑道赛跑。可知，文中提到了赛跑、摔跤、掷铁饼、跳远和坐在马拉的战车上绕着跑道赛跑等五项运动。故选C。（2）A.细节理解题。根据"AthensisthecapitalofGreece.ItwasthehostcityofthefirstmodernOlympicGamesin1896"雅典是希腊的首都。它是1896年第一届现代奥运会的主办城市。可知，雅典举办了第一届现代奥运会。故选A。（3）A.细节理解题。根据"BeijingisthecapitalofChina.Ithostedthe2008OlympicGames.TheopeningceremonywasintheNationalStadium"北京是中国的首都。它主办了2008年奥运会。开幕式在国家体育场举行。可知，2008年奥运会的开幕式在国家体育场举行。故选A。（4）B.信息来源题。根据"TheOlympicGamesbeganinOlympia，inancientGreece"奥运会起源于古希腊的奥林匹亚。以及通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了奥运会的起源、运动项目和三个曾经举办过奥运会的城市。这篇文章最有可能在杂志上看到。故选B。4．【分析】短文讲了中国的大运河，详细地介绍了大运河的重要性和用途等。【解答】（1）C.细节理解题。根据"It'sthelongestman﹣madewaterwayintheworld.它是世界上最长的人工水道。"可知我们知道大运河是最长的人工水道。故选C。（2）A.词义猜测题。根据后句"thenorthofChinawithHangzhou，acityinthesouthernpartofthecountry."可知说的是中国的北部和南部，结合选项，应说它把中国的北部与中国南部的城市杭州连接起来。所以"links"意为连接，即Connects.故选A。（3）B.段意归纳题。根据"Itwasbuiltasawaytotransportgrain（谷物）fromtherichagriculturallandinChina'ssouthtocitiesinthenorth.它的建成是为了把中国南方富饶的农田里的粮食运到北方的城市。Thousandsofboatsuseiteverydaytotransportgrainandmanyothertypesofcargo.每天有成千上万的船只用它来运输粮食和许多其他类型的货物。"可知第二段说的是为什么要修建这条运河，以及它现在是如何使用的。故选B。（4）B.文章主旨题。根据"ItlinksthenorthofChinawithHangzhou，acityinthesouthernpartofthecountry.它将中国的北部与中国南部的一个城市杭州连接起来。Itwasbuiltasawaytotransportgrain（谷物）fromtherichagriculturallandinChina'ssouthtocitiesinthenorth.它的建成是为了把中国南方富饶的农田里的粮食运到北方的城市。Thecanalwillcarrymillionsoflitersofwaterfromthesouthtothenorth.大运河将把数百万升的水从南方输送到北方。"可知文章向大家介绍大运河的重要性。故选B。5．【分析】本文是一篇日常生活类阅读，主要介绍了人们撒谎的原因。【解答】（1）A.词义猜测题。根据第一段Thesetypesofstoriesshowchildrenthat"honestyisthebestpolicy."Still，ifthisisthecase，thenwhydosomanypeoplelie？这些类型的故事为孩子们展示了"诚实才是上策。"不过，如果真是这样，那为什么那么多人撒谎呢？因此判断是这样的是"诚实才是上策，"因此猜测this代指"honestyisthebestpolicy."，故选A。（2）B.推理判断题。根据第二段Whileitistruethateveryonedoessomethingwrongfromtimetotime，somepeopledonothavethecouragetoadmittheirerrors（错误）becausetheyareafraidtheywillbeblamed.Forexample，studentsmightlietotheirteachersaboutunfinishedhomework.当每个人有时做错事情是真的时，有些人没有勇气承认错误因为他们害怕被责备。比如学生可能因为没有完成作业而对老师撒谎。可知，作者主要通过举例子来说明人们撒谎的原因，故选B。（3）A.文章结构题。根据第一段Mostchildrenaretaughtthevirtue（美德）ofhonestyfromstories.Thewell﹣knownstoryofPinocchioteachestheimportanceoftellingthetruth.大多数孩子都被教导美德，从故事中学习诚实。众所周知的皮诺奇的故事告诉我们说真话的重要性。该段主要讲了人们撒谎的事实；Onereasonpeoplelieistominimize（减少）amistake.Anotherreasonforlyinghastodowithself﹣protection.人们撒谎的一个原因是尽量减少错误。说谎的另一个原因与自我保护有关。第二段和第三段主要分说了人们撒谎的理由，第四段主要是总结的话语，因此判断本文正确的结构如A选项所示，故选A。（4）A.标题归纳题。根据第一段Thefactisthatpeoplelieformanyreasons.事实上人们撒谎是有很多原因的。可知，本文主要讲了人们撒谎的原因，因此判断本文最好的标题为：TheTruthbehindLying.撒谎背后的真相，故选A。第二节阅读下面一篇短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一个为多余选项。6．【分析】短文讲了音乐的重要性，详细地介绍了珍是如何使用音乐帮助治疗病人的。【解答】细节推理题。（1）B.根据后句"Jenusesmusictohelpherpatientslearnnewskills.Shecanalsohelppatientswiththeirspeakingandtheirmemory.珍用音乐帮助病人学习新的技能，她还可以帮助病人说话和记忆。"可知说的是治病，结合选项，应说她为残疾儿童工作。故选B。（2）E.根据前句"Shegetsthemtolistentomusicandsingorplayalong.她让他们听音乐、唱歌或一起玩。"可知说的是听音乐，结合选项，应说她的病人也喜欢听音乐。故选E。（3）D.根据后句"Iwritesongsabouteverything：aboutgettingdressed，aboutflowers，aboutmyfavoritefood﹣younameit!我为每件事写歌：关于穿衣，关于鲜花，关于我最喜欢的食物，"可知说的是写的歌，结合选项，应说我大概写了200多首歌。故选D。（4）A.根据前句"Jenlovesherjobasamusictherapist.Shesays，"珍喜欢她的音乐治疗师的工作。"可知说的是喜欢这个工作，结合选项，应说我很幸运能得到这份工作。故选A。（5）F.根据后句"Musicmakespeoplefeelgood!"音乐让人感觉很好！"可知说的是对音乐的感受，结合选项，应说但他们很快就开始享受音乐的乐趣。故选F。第三节阅读下面一篇短文，根据其内容填空。7．【分析】文章讲了科学是我们发现世界的最好方法。科学家们尝试了不同的方法进行观察。文章举例著名的科学家牛顿是怎样发现白光是由许多颜色组成的以及他是怎样得出树木利用水和空气中的气体来生长这个结论的。【解答】（1）findoutabouttheworld.细节理解题。根据Scienceisthebestwaywehaveoffindingoutabouttheworld.可知科学是我们发现世界的最好方法。故答案为：findoutabouttheworld.（2）differentways.细节推理题。根据Scientistsmakeobservations.Theymaylook，orlisten.Theymayreadtheworkofotherscientists.Thisgivesthemideas.可知科学家进行观察。他们可以看，也可以听。他们可以阅读其他科学家的工作。这给了他们想法。所以我们可以知道科学家们尝试了不同的方法进行观察。故答案为：differentways.（3）whitelight.主观表达题。根据Heshoneaspectrumthroughasecondprism.Hewasright.Thecolorsmadewhitelight.可知他通过第二个棱镜发出光谱。他是对的。这些颜色变成了白光。故答案为：whitelight.（4）waterandagasfromtheair.细节理解题。根据Hedecidedthattreesusewater，andagasfromtheair，togrow.可知他断定树木利用水和空气中的气体来生长。故答案为：waterandagasfromtheair.（5）knowledgecomesfrompracticetellsthetruth.推理表达题。根据Scienceisthebestwaywehaveoffindingoutabouttheworld.Scientistscollectevidence.Theyhaveideasaboutthewaythingswork.Scienceteststhoseideas.Sometimesthetestwillshowthattheideaisnotcorrect.Iftheideapassesthetest，itaddstoourunderstanding.可知科学是我们发现世界的最好方法。科学家收集证据。他们对事物的运作方式有想法。科学测试这些想法。有时测试会表明想法是不正确的。如果想法通过测试，它会增加我们的理解。也就是我们通常所说的实践出真知。故答案为：knowledgecomesfrompracticetellsthetruth.第三部分写作共四节，第一、二、三节15分，第四节15分，共30分第一节根据语境，用所给词的适当形式填空。（每小题1分，共5分）8．【分析】玛丽并不真地在乎她的朋友是相同的还是不同的。【解答】real真的，形容词。这里修饰动词care用副词really"真正地"。故答案为：really。9．【分析】第七届大数据博览会于2021年5月在贵阳成功举办。【解答】seven七，基数词。定冠词The后用序数词seventh表示"第七"。故答案为：seventh。10．【分析】家长和学校制定规则帮助学生变得越来越好。【解答】makerules"制定规则"，填名词rule的复数rules表示泛指。故答案为：rules。11．【分析】袁隆平，世界上最伟大的科学家之一，被誉为"杂交水稻之父"。【解答】oneofthe+最高级+名词复数表示"最......之一"。great的最高级是greatest，表示"最伟大的"。故答案为：greatest。12．【分析】今年是中国共产党成立100周年纪念日。【解答】修饰名词"100﹣yearanniversary100周年纪念日"用形容词性物主代词its"它的"。故答案为：its。第二节根据语境，选