2023年宁德市福鼎市考研《英语一》高分冲刺试卷含解析

2023年宁德市福鼎市考研《英语一》高分冲刺试卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)LeonardodaVincibeganpaintingtheMonaLisain1503.Hewasworking1aspecialpaintingforachurchatthattime,2thechurchpaintingwasnot3well.AnItalianbusinessmanaskeddaVincitopaintapictureofhissecond4.Thisisthewomanwho5beseenintheMonaLisa.Allinall,theMonaLisaisaverygoodexampleofdaVinci's6,anditsatisfiedthehusband.DaVinciused7andlightinaclever8inthepainting.DaVincilovedscienceand9Rightawayapersoncanseethatthereisalotofgeometry(几何形状)intheMonaLisa.ThefaceoftheMonaLisaismadeofmanycirclesand10shapeslike11.Evenher12canbeseenasasmallpartofalargecircle.Thewomaninthe13issittingonabalcony(阳台),and14canbeseenbehindherbecauseDaVincilovedtostudyrocks,andthesecanbeseen15inhisotherpaintings.Thewomanissittingwithherknees16theside.Herheadisturnedtolookoutofthepainting.Herhandsare17togetherinfrontofher.Thiswayof18isnowusedbymany19whentheyare20.TheMonaLisaisaremarkablemaster.1、A．aboutB．upC．inD．on2、A．solongasB．butC．inspiteofD．however3、A．workingB．doingC．goingD．making4、A．wifeB．servantC．daughterD．nurse5、A．canB．mustC．shouldD．might6、A．novelsB．photosC．worksD．masterpiece7、A．darknessB．oilsC．heavinessD．blank8、A．handB．eyeC．wayD．picture9、A．geographyB．biologyC．chemistryD．maths10、A．longB．circularC．squareD．round11、A．cigarsB．packetsC．diamondsD．balls12、A．emotionB．patternC．preferenceD．smile13、A．paintingB．cottageC．exhibitionD．canvas14、A．sparrowB．mountainsC．landscapeD．kitten15、A．that’stosayB．overandoverC．ontheotherhandD．byandby16、A．onB．byC．toD．beyond17、A．hungB．caughtC．heldD．supported18、A．sittingB．paintingC．livingD．smiling19、A．modelsB．femalesC．bridegroomsD．brides20、A．playedB．beingpaintedC．paintingD．beingplayedSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Attheageof14,JamesHarrisonhadamajorchestoperationandherequired13units(3.4gallons)ofbloodafterwards.Theblooddonationssavedhislife,andhedecidedthatonceheturned18,hewouldbegindonatingbloodasregularlyashecould.Morethan60yearsandalmost1,200donationslater,Harrison,whosebloodcontainsanantibody(抗体)thathassavedthelivesof2.4millionbabiesfrommiscarriages(流产),retiredasablooddonoronMay11.Harrison’sbloodisvaluablebecausehenaturallyproducesRh-negativeblood,whichcontainsRh-positiveantibodies.Hisbloodhasbeenusedtocreateanti-DinAustraliasince1967.“EverybottleofAnti-DevermadeinAustraliahasJamesinit,”RobynBarlow,theRhprogramdirectortoldtheSydneyMorningHerald.“It’sanamazingthing.Hehassavedmillionsofbabies.Icryjustthinkingaboutit.”Sincethen,Harrisonhasdonatedbetween500and800millilitersofbloodalmosteveryweek.He’smade1,162donationsfromhisrightarmand10fromhisleft.“I’dkeepgoingiftheyletme,”HarrisontoldtheHerald.Hisdoctorssaiditwastimetostopthedonations—andtheycertainlydon’ttakethemlightly.Theyhadalreadyextendedtheagelimitforblooddonationsforhim,andthey’recuttinghimoffnowtoprotecthishealth.Hemadehisfinaldonationsurroundedbysomeofthemothersandbabieswhohisbloodhelpedsave.Harrison’sretirementisablowtotheRhtreatmentprograminAustralia.Only160donorssupporttheprogram,andfindingnewdonorshasproventobedifficult.ButHarrison’sretirementfromgivingblooddoesn’tmeanhe’scompletelyoutofthegame.ScientistsarecollectingandcataloginghisDNAtocreatealibraryofantibodiesandwhitebloodcellsthatcouldbethefutureoftheanti-DprograminAustralia.1、WhatdoweknowaboutJamesHarrison?A．Hesaved2.4millionpoorpeople.B．Heistoretireasablooddonor.C．Heisaverygratefulblooddonor.D．Hedonatesbloodnearlyeveryday.2、Whatistheauthor’spurposeofwritingParagraph4?A．TostateHarrison’sdecisiontocontinuedonatingblood.B．TodescribehowHarrison’sdonationscometoanend.C．TointroducesomebabiessavedbyHarrison’sblood.D．TopraiseHarrisonforhiscooperationwiththedoctors.3、WhatcanweinferfromthepassageaboutHarrison?A．Afterhisretirement,theRhprogramwillfail.B．Newdonorsareeasytofindinashorttime.C．HecontinuestocontributetotheRhprogram.D．HisDNAiskeptinalibraryforfuturestudy.4、Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．AUniqueManwithaRareBloodTypeB．TheBloodSavingMillionsofBabiesC．ASpecialBloodTypeDonortoRetireD．TheManwiththeGoldenArmText2Themosttypicaldefinitionofsuccessis“theaccomplishmentofanaimorpurpose”orwhatmostofushaveheard:“theattainmentofpopularityorprofit.”ButisSuccessreallydefinedbypurposesorprofit?Aftergraduatingfromhighschool,myfamilyadvisedmetoaimtobuildasuccessfulcareer.Myoptionswerenarroweddowntobecomingadoctororchoosingafieldinengineering.SoIgraduatedwithachemicalengineeringdegree.Iwasadvisedtoaimforgraduatestudies,andinlessthantwoyears,IhadahighlyspecializeddegreeinplasticsengineeringfromoneofthemostreputableuniversitiesintheU.S.ThenIfoundacorporatejob,performedwellintheorganization,climbeduptheladder,andmadeabiggerpaychequewitheverynewtitle.Myproudparentstoldmystorytotherestofthefamilyandfriendsasa“success”story.Nomatterwhereweliveintheworld,weallhaveourownversionsofsuccess.Ourfamiliestakeprideintellingtheworldhowsuccessfulweareinourprofession,andoftentheonlymeasureofthatsuccessbecomesthefinancialwealthweaccumulate.Inaworldwhereeverythingisreflectedbynumbers—thelikesonFacebook,thenumberofviewsonYouTube,etc.—everyaspectofourlifeisbeingtakenoverbynumbers.Weareconditionedtobelievethatthestrongeryourfinancialstanding,thehigheryourankonthesuccesschart.Butrememberthewords,“aim”or“purpose,”inthedefinitionofsuccess.AltruisticfiguressuchasMotherTeresa,MahatmaGandhiandMartinLutherKingJr.alsolivedsuccessfullivesbuthadselflessconcernoverthewell-beingofothers.Whiletherestoftheworldfocusedonaccumulatingwealth,theyfocusedongiving,doing,andcreatingforeveryoneelse.Wealthaloneneverwillbethemeasureofsuccess.Thinkbeyondprofits.NopromotionorpayraiseIeverreceivedinmyprofessionalcareerwasbecauseofmydeepdesiretoobtainabettertitleorhigherpay;instead,itwasbasedontheexcellenceIcreatedintheexperienceourcustomershadwiththeorganization.1、Whatdoyouknowabouttheauthor?A．Hehasliveduptohisfamily’sexpectations.B．Heaskshisparentsforadviceoneverything.C．Hedoesn’tlikehisjobthoughheiswellpaid.D．Hewantedtobeadoctorbutbecameachemicalengineer.2、What’sthecommonawarenessofsuccessaroundtheworld?A．Socialconnections.B．Contributionstosociety.C．Theaccumulationoffinancialwealth.D．Theaccomplishmentofpersonaldreams.3、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“Altruistic”inParagraph3mean?A．Ofabundantwealth.B．Offewachievements.C．Devotedtoothers’welfare.D．Focusedonpersonalwell-being.4、Whatinspirationcanbedrawnfromtheauthor’sworkingexperience?A．Changejobsfrequentlyforhigherpay.B．Aimatprovidingqualityserviceatwork.C．Takeeverychancetogetpromotion.D．Focusonmakingprofitsfromthecustomers.5、What’stheauthor’spurposeinwritingthispassage?A．Toexplorethetruemeaningofsuccess.B．Toexpresshisinnervoicestohisparents.C．Toacknowledgethehelphehasreceivedinhislife.D．Tosharehispersonalexperienceforothers’reference.Text3Doyouliveinacitywherelookinguptheairqualityforecastisjustasimportantascheckingtheweatherforecastfortheday?Manyplacesaroundtheworldhaveterriblepollutionproblems.Butnownewresearchsuggeststhatwemightbeabletoprotectourselves，naturallyandeasily—simplybytakingvitaminB．Thestudywasconductedbyateamofinternationalresearchers.TheirfocuswasonapollutantknownasPM2.5.Itssize,approximatelyl/40ththewidthofahumanhair,makesitparticularlydangerousbecauseitisreadilyinhaledandsmallenoughtospreadthroughthebodyviatheblood.ThiscancausedamagetothelungsifPM2.5isbeingbreathedinregularly.Thecurrentexperimentinvolvedsubjectsbeingexposedtocleanairandaplacebo(安慰剂)torecordbaselineresponses.Theyweregiventheplaceboforfourweeks,thenexposedthroughafacemasktoairfromahighlypollutedareaindowntownToronto.Theresearchersmeasuredmethylation(甲基化)changestoDNA;thedamageincreasedineachparticipant.However,intherepeatedexperiment,whenthevolunteersweregivenavitaminsupplementcontaining1milligramofvitaminB12,50mgofvitaminB6,and2.5mgoffolicaciddailyforfourweeks,itreducedthedamagetotheDNAbyarangeof28to76percent.TheresultsindicatehowpreventionatanindividuallevelcouldbeusedtofighttheharmfuleffectsofPM2.5.However,researchersstressedthatresearchwasinitsearlystages.Futurestudies,especiallyinheavilypollutedareas,areurgentlyneededandthey’llfinallydeveloppreventivemeasuresusingBvitaminstopreventthehealtheffectsofairpollution.1、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“inhaled”inParagraph1referto?A．breathed.B．smelt.C．approached.D．discovered.2、Howdoestheauthorintroducethecurrentexperiment?A．Byanalyzingcauses.B．Bygivingexamples.C．Bymakingcomparisons.D．Bydescribingeffects.3、Whatcanwelearnabouttheresearchersinthelastparagraph?A．Theywarnedpeopleofheavypollution.B．Theyregrettednotusingenoughvolunteers.C．They’llsoonfindmorewaystotestBvitamins.D．They’llconfirmthefindingsinhighlypollutedareas.4、Whatcanbethebesttitleofthetext?A．PM2.5IsMostDeadlyB．VitaminBBenefitsPeopleMostC．VitaminBOffersAirPollutionProtectionD．AirQualityForecastIsExtremelyImportantText4GOINGTOUNIVERSITY

issupposedtobeamind-broadeningexperience.Thatstatementisprobablymadeincomparisontotrainingforworkstraightafterschool,whichmightnotbesoencouraging.Butisitactuallytrue?JessikaGolleoftheUniversityofTübingen,inGermany,thoughtshewouldtrytofindout.Herresult,however,isnotquitewhatmightbeexpected.Asshereportsin

PsychologicalScience

thisweek,shefoundthatthosewhohavebeentouniversitydoindeedseemtoleavewithbroaderandmoreinquiringmindsthanthosewhohavespenttheirimmediatepost-schoolyearsinvocational(职业的)trainingforwork.However,itwasnotthecasethatuniversitybroadenedminds.Rather,workseemedtonarrowthem.Dr.Gollecametothisconclusionaftersheandateamofcolleaguesstudiedtheearlycareersof2,095Germanyoungsters.Theteamusedtwostandardizedteststoassesstheirvolunteers.Onewasofpersonalitytraits,includingopenness,conscientiousness（认真）andsoon.Theotherwasofattitudes,suchasrealistic,investigativeandenterprising.Theyadministeredbothteststwice—oncetowardstheendofeachvolunteer’stimeatschool,andthenagainsixyearslater.Oftheoriginalgroup,382wereontheintermediatetrack,fromwhichtherewasachoicebetweentheacademicandvocationalroutes,anditwasonthesethattheresearchersfocused.Universitybeckonedfor212ofthem.Theremaining170chosevocationaltrainingandajob.Whenitcametothesecondroundoftests,Dr.Gollefoundthatthepersonalitiesofthosewhohadgonetouniversityhadnotchangedsignificantly.Thosewhohadundergonevocationaltrainingandthengotjobswerenotthatmuchchangedinpersonality,either—exceptinonecrucialrespect.Theyhadbecomemoreconscientious.Thatsoundslikeagoodthing,certainlycomparedwiththecommonpublicimageofundergraduatesasabunchoflazybones.Butchangesinattitudethattheresearchersrecordedwereratherworrying.Intheuniversitygroup,again,noneweredetectable.Butthosewhohadchosenthevocationalrouteshowedmarkeddropsininterestintasksthatareinvestigativeandenterprisinginnature.Andthatmightrestricttheirchoiceofcareers.Someinvestigativeandenterprisingjobs,suchasscientificresearch,are,indeedbeyondthedegreeless.Butmany,particularlyinGermany,withitstraditionofvocationaltraining,arenot.Theresearchersmention,forexample,computerprogrammersandfinance-sectorworkersascareersrequiringthesetraits.IfDr.Golleiscorrect,andchangesinattitudebroughtaboutbytheverytrainingGermanypridesitselfonarenarrowingpeople’schoices,thatisindeedamatterworthyofseriousconsideration.1、Whichofthefollowingcanbestreplace“beckonedfor”inParagraph2?A．Examined. B．Attracted.C．Organized. D．Recognized.2、Whatcanwelearnfromtheresearch?A．Thedegreelesshavenotchangedinpersonalities.B．Goingtouniversityisamind-broadeningexperience.C．Workingstraightafterschoolnarrowspeople’sminds.D．Collegestudentspridethemselvesontheireducation.3、Accordingtothelasttwoparagraphs,.A．collegestudentsenjoyaverygoodpublicimageB．theundergraduateshavechangedsignificantlyinattitudeC．thedegreelessaremuchbetteratdealingwithchallengingtasksD．peopleshowlessinterestininvestigativejobsduetovocationaltraining4、Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthefinding?A．Concerned. B．Optimistic.C．Unclear. D．Sceptical.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrectFortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblankYoucannotmaintainrisingstandardsoflivinginaflatteningworldwhenyouareup1．competitorswhoaregetting2．theirfundamentals(基本法则)rightbutalsotheirintangibles(无形价值)ChinadoesnotjustwanttogetrichItwantstogetpowerfulChinadoesn’tjustwanttolearnhowtomakeGeneralMotors(GM)carsItwantstobeGMandputGMoutofbusinessAnyone3．doubtsthatshouldspendtimewithyoungChineseSaidLuisRubio,presidentofMexico’sCenterofResearchforDevelopment,“Themoreself-confidenceyouhave,themoreitdecreasesyourmythologies(神话，错误的观点)andcomplexes4．ofthegreatthingsaboutMexicointheearly1990swasthatMexicanssawthattheycoulddoit,theycouldmakeit”Alotofthatself-confidence,though,5．lose)inMexicoinrecentyears,becausethegovernmentstoppedreforming“Alackofself-confidenceleadsacountry6．(keep)chewingonthepast,”addedRubio“Alackofself-confidence[inMexico]meansthateveryoneinthecountrythinkstheUSisgoingtotakeMexicotothecleaners”ThatiswhyNorthAmericanFreeTradeAgreement(NAFTA)wassoimportantforMexico’sself-confidence“7．NAFTAaccomplishedwastogetMexicanstothinkforwardandoutward8．inwardandbackward[But]NAFTAwasseen[byitsarchitects]asanendmorethanabeginningItwasseenastheconclusionofaprocessofpoliticalandeconomicreforms”“Unfortunately,”headded,“Mexicodidnothaveastrategyforagoingforward”WillRogerssaiditalongtimeago:“Evenifyou’reontherighttrack,you’llgetrunover9．youjustsitthere”The10．(flat)theworldgets,thatwillhappenMexicogotitselfontherighttrackwithreformwholesale,butthen,foralotoftangibleandintangiblereasons,itjustsatthereandreformretailstoppedThemoreMexicojustsitsthere,ThemoreitisgoingtogetrunoverAnditwon’tbealoneSometimesouremotionscanseemtodefeatusWhenthishappens,1．ispossibletogivepeoplethewrong2．(impress)ordosomethingweregretLearningtoexpressyouremotionseffectivelywillallowyoutocommunicateclearlyandcarefully,withouthurtingthosearoundyouor3．(make)thesituationworseSoit'simportanttolearntoexpressemotionsFirstly,youneedtolearnhowtoexpressyourangryfeelingsAngercancauseyoutosaythingsyouregret,sosometimesyoushouldcontrolyourangryfeelingsIfyou'reafraidofsayingsomethingthathurtssomeone,thentrytothink4．(care)beforeyouspeakAlso,youcanwritedownyourangrythoughtsasifyouwereshoutingitouttotheworldThisallowsyou5．(express)yourangerSecondly,it'snecessarytolearntoexpresssadnessSadnessisparticularlyhardtodeal6．,especiallywhenpeoplecanseeyouaresadButyouneedn'thideitInstead,trytalkingabout7．ismakingyousadItdoesn'tmatterifyoucry,asithasprovedthatcryingcanreducestressWhat'smore,ifyoufeelyoursecretsaresafeinyourdairy,thenwritedownwhat8．(upset)youLearningtoexpressworryisalsoimportantIfyou'reworriedaboutafriendoralovedone,talktothemaboutyourworryThiscouldgiveyousomepeaceofmindAlso,youcanchooseanactivity9．youareinterestedinandspendsometimedoingitThelessyouthinkabouttheproblem,the10．youwillworrySectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并将答案写在试卷的答题卷上。选项中有两项为多余选项。Gratitudekeepsuscenteredandwardsoffjealousy(妒忌)andnegativity.Herearefourlittlethingswecandoeachdaytonourishoursenseofgratitude.1.Chooseyourfriendswisely.1、Helpyourfriendsdevelopmorepositivecharacteristicsbylivingwiththosepositivecharacteristicsyourself.Knowwhatkindoffriendswillhelpyounurture(培育)yoursoulandsetouttofindsome.2.Helpyourfriendscultivategratitude.Beforeyousaysomethingaboutafriend’ssituation,rememberthateveryone’ssituationisunique.I’veseenithappentomyselfandtomyfriends.They’llbeperfectlyhappyuntilsomeonetellsthemthey’rebeingmistreated.Suddenly,they’reupset.2、Makeanagreementwithyourfriendstocutthecomplaintsfromyourconversations.3.Say“thankyou”.Whoinyourlifedoyouappreciate?Letthemknow,whetherit’syourmom,yourkids,yourfriends,yourhusband,yourchild’sdaycareproviderorthehelpfulwomanintherestaurant.3、Makeitahabitandyourattentionwillsuddenlyturntoallthethingspeopledoforyou.Also,writethank-younotesregularly,andbemindfulofallthewaysyoushowyourappreciationbythethingsyoudoinreturn.4、Today,trytobeawareofalltheaspectsofyourpersonal,professionalandfamilylifeforwhichyouarethankful.Takeafewminutestodaytoappreciatenature.5、Whetheryoufocusonthestarsabove,adistantmountainrangeorthecottonwoodtreeinyourbackyard,trytonoticethedetails.Givethanksforthebeautythatsurroundsyou.Regardlessofwhetheryouwritedowntheseitems,spendsometimeeachdayfocusingonthelittlethingsinyourlifethatmakeeachdayspecial.A．Bemindfulofthelittlethings.B．Let’sworkonfocusingonwhatwehave.C．Aheartfeltthank-youoftendoesthetrick.D．Daybyday,makeagoaltostopcomplainingaboutyourlife.E.Goforawalkandonlynoticethosethingsthatarebeautiful.F.Attheendofeachday,yourecordatleastfivethingsyou’regratefulfor.G.Ifyoutrytobespirituallystrong,supportive,intelligent,energeticandpositive,seekthosecharacteristicsinothers.The"bestyearsofyourlife"?Maybenot,butyoucanlearntomakethemostofyourhighschooldays.1.Learntoappreciatesmallthings.Whetherit'shavingacomputer,havingfriends,havingagoodsupplyoffood,abedtosleepon,familythatlovesyou,havingadecenteducationorsimplybeingborninthisworld.Rememberthatthepointoflifeisforyoutoenjoyit.1、Rememberthatthesearethelastfewyearsyouwillbeabletoenjoyyourselfwithouthavingtoworryabouttheresponsibilityofanadult,