2021届中考英语阅读理解强化训练（三）人物传记类

2021届中考英语阅读理解强化训练（三）

人物传记类

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"WhydoIlive?WhydoIwishforanything,ordoanything?Isthereanythinginmylifethat

willnotbedestroyedbymydeath?"LikeLeoTolstoy,thefamousRussianwriter,manypeopleask

thesedifficultquestions.Tolstoyspenthiswholelifetryingtoanswerthesedifficultquestions.

Asayoungman,hethoughtpeoplecouldachieveperfectioniftheytriedhardenough.Sohe

workedveryhardtobethebestineverything.Hethoughtthathewouldfindmeaningandtruth

insuccess.

In1850s,Tolstoywrotehisfirststories.Hewroteabouthislifeinthearmy.Healsotoldstories

abouthischildhood.TheseworkswerepublishedandTolstoybecameawell-knownwriter.

Heearnedtherespecthealwayswanted.Manyrichandsmartmenmetandtalkedwith

Tolstoy.Someofthemwerewriterslikehim.Theytalkedalotaboutfaith(信彳卬)andthemeaning

oflife.ButsoonTolstoyrecognizedthatthesemenwerenotperfect.Nowheknewtheycouldnot

answerhisquestionsaboutfaith.

Sointhe1860s,Tolstoytriedadifferentwaytofindthemeaningoflife.Heopenedaschool

forthechildrenofhisserfs-thepeoplewhoworkedonhisland.Theseworkerswereverypoor.

Hewantedtohelpthembecausehethoughttheyweremorehonestthantherichpeoplehe

knew.

Tolstoylearnedalotfromhisworkers.Heunderstoodhowtheyworkedhardtosupporttheir

families.Hebegantobelievethatmarriageandfamilywouldgivehislifemeaning.Soin1862,

LeoTolstoymarriedayoungwomannamedSonyaBehrs.

Thenext15yearswerethebestyearsofTolstoy'slife.Itwasduringthistimethathewrotehis

mostfamousbooks—WarandPeaceandAnnaKarenina.ManyexpertssaythatWarandPeaceis

oneofthegreatestbookseverwritten.Inthesebooks,Tolstoybelievedhumansshouldlivea

simplelifeandtakecareoftheirfamilies.Tolstoythoughtthiswouldsatisfyhimandbringhim

happiness.

LeoTolstoyisstillaveryrespectedwritertoday.Hisfaithandwritingshaveinfluencedmany

peopleallovertheworld.

1.Whichisthecorrectorderofthefollowingevents?

①Tolstoyservedinthearmy.

②Tolstoygotmarried.

©TolstoywroteWarandPeace.

④Tolstoyopenedaschool.

©Tolstoybecameawell-knownwriter.

A.①⑤③②④B.⑤①③②④C.①⑤④②③D.⑤④①③②

2.WhydidTolstoywanttobethebestineverythingwhenhewasyoung?

A.Toprepareforhisbooks.B.Toachieveperfection.

C.Tomakealotofmoney.D.Toshowhiswisdom.

3.Tolstoythoughthewouldlearnalotfromhisworkersbecausetheywere.

A.poorB.honestC.friendlyD.patient

4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisthemostimportanttoTolstoy?

A.Family.B.Success.C.Wealth.D.Fame（名声）.

5.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?

A.LeoTolstoy:Livingforwriting.

B.LeoTolstoy:influencingtheworld.

C.LeoTolstoy:Beingthebestineverything.

D.LeoTolstoy:Searchingforthemeaningoflife.

（二）

QianXuesenwasborninShanghaionDecember11th,1911.Heisknownas"thefatherof

China'sspaceprogram"and"thekingoftherocket".

Whenhewas24yearsold,QianwenttoAmericaforfurtherstudy.Aftergraduation,he

workedinAmericaforafewyears,wherehisworkingconditionswerebetter.Intheearly1950s,

heheardNewChinahadbeenfounded（成立）anddecidednottostayinAmericaanylonger.He

succeededincomingbacktohismotherlandin1955thoughtheAmericangovernmenttriedto

stophim.

In1956,QianXuesensuggestedsettingupaspecialorganization,whichlaterbecamethe

leadingorganizationforChina'srocketandairtravelprograms.InJune1964,Chinasuccessfully

createditsfirstmediumrocket.QianalsoplayedanimportantroleindevelopingChina'sfirst

man-madesatellite（卫星）.OnApril24,1970,"Dongfanghong-1"wassuccessfullysentintothe

air.

In1964,ayoungmanwroteQianXuesenaletterandpointedoutamistakeinhispublished

article.Qianimmediatelyansweredtheletterandencouragedtheyoungmantowriteanarticle

aboutthemistake.

ZhuYilin,whowassaidtobethelaststudentofQianXuesen,oncesaid,"Ilearnedalotof

professionalknowledgeaswellasthespiritandattitudethatascientistshouldhavefromMr.

Qian,especiallyhisdeeploveforthemotherland.Withoutthat,hecouldn'thavehelpedto

developscienceandtechnologywhenNewChinawasbadlyinneedofscientistsforits

development.Withoutthat,hewouldnothavemadethegreatcontribution（贡献）torocket

industryinthelate1950sandearly1960swhenconditionsinChinaweretoohard.'*

Mr.Qianhasbeendeadfortenyears,buthewillliveinthememoryofChinesepeopleforever.

1.WhydidQianXuesengotoAmericawhenhewasyoung?

A.Tofindanewjob.B.Toreceivefurtherstudy.

C.Tomeetwithhisparents.D.Tofindbetterworkingconditions.

2.WhenwasChina'sfirstmediumrocketcreated?

A.In1955.B.In1956.C.In1964.D.In1970.

3.WhatdoesParagraph3mainlytellus?

A.ThewayQianXuesentriedtoreturntoChina.

B.Thereasonwhyaspecialorganizationwassetup.

C.TheroleQianXuesenplayedinmakingthesatellite

D.ThecontributionQianXuesenhasmadetoChina.

4.InZhuYilin'sopinion,whatmadeQianXuesenworkhardforhismotherland?

A.Hisloveforthemotherland.B.Hisprofessionalknowledge.

C.Hisworkingexperience.D.HisangertowardsAmerica.

5.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat.

A.QianwasnotwelcomeinAmericainthe1950s

B.theyoungmancouldn'tunderstandQian'sarticles

C.NewChinawasingreatneedofscientistslikeQian

D.hardconditionsmadeiteasiertodeveloprocketindustry

（三）

Darriuswasbornwiththreefingersonhisrighthandandoneonhislefthand.Hehadtowork

hardtodothingsthatwereeasyforothers.Everytimehisclassmatestriedtohelp,hewouldsay,

"Thanks,butIcandoitmyself."Helearnedtousethefourfingerstododifferentthings.

WhenDarriuswas10,hetoldhisfatherthathelikedpiano（钢琴）musicverymuch."It'stoo

badyoucan'tplay/'hisfathersaid.Buttheboytookthatasachallenge（挑战）."Iwillshow

peoplethatIcan,"hesaidtohimself.

Monthslater,aneighbourgavehimanoldpianowhenshemovedaway.Hetaughthimselfto

playthepianoandpractisedforhoursaday.

Darrius'sfavouritepianomusicisRiverFlowsinYoubyYiruma,aKoreanmusician.Ittook

Darriusayeartolearnit."Ihavetocomeupwithmyownwaywithonly4fingers/'hesaid.

Whenhesucceeded,hefeltsoproud.Laterhewasluckyenoughtoplaythemusictogetherwith

Yirumaatafamousconceithall!YirumaencouragedDarriustofollowhisdreamofplayinghis

ownmusic.Darriushasmadeit.Andhismusicispopulartoday.

"Imayhaveadisability,"hesays,"butIdon'tletitholdmebackfromanything."

l.WhatdidDarriustakeasachallengeattheageof10?

A.Writinghismusic.B.Playingthepiano.C.Givingaconcert.D.Visitingahall.

2.HowlongdidittakeDarriustolearntoplayRiverFlowsinYou?

A.AyearB.AmonthC.AdayD.Anhour

3.WhoencouragedDarriustofollowhisdream?

A.Hisclassmate.B.Hisfather.C.Aneighbour.D.Amusician.

4.WhatcanwelearnaboutDarriusfromthetext?

A.HehasastrongwillB.Heboughthimselfapiano.

C.HegaveuphisdreamD.Heonlyplaysothers*music

（四）

InthestateofQin傣国）,therewasamancalledShangYang（商鞅）.Hewasastatesman

（政治家）andworkedoutmanyreforms（改革）forthestate,likepayingmoreattentiontofarming

andgivingrewards（报酬）tosoldierswhoweresuccessfulwhenatwar.

Butthesereformswerenoteasilycarriedout（执行）atfirst.Mostpeopledidn'ttrustShang

Yang.Inordertosolvethisproblem,ShangYangcameupwithanidea.Heputathinwooden

poleatthesouthgateoftheQincapital.Manypeoplecametoseehimandthepole.

Then,infrontofthecrowd,ShangYangsaidloudly,“Themanwhotakesthispoletothenorth

gatewillget10goldpieces/

Itwasasamplejobandtherewardwassolarge.However;sometimepassedandnoone

steppedforward.TheyallthoughtShangYangwasmakingajoke.

Hearingnoanswer,ShangYangsteppedforwardandsaid,“Therewardnowgoesto50gold

pieces//

Thisrewardwasunbelievablylarge.Finally,amanfromthecrowdcameforward.Heputthe

poleonhisshouldersandwalkedtothenorthgate.Truetohisword,ShangYanggavetheman

50goldpieces.

Afterthat,thepeopleofQinwerealltalkingaboutwhatShangYangdidaboutthepole.They

believedhewasamanofhisword.SowhenShangYangbegancarryingouthisreforms,the

peoplefollowedhim.Underthesegreatreforms,Qingrewstrongerandslinger.Atlast,Qinmade

allthesevenstatesintooneempire（帝国）.

l.WhatdidShangYangdo?

A.Astatesman.B.Aking.C.Anemperor.D.Asoldier.

2.Inordertocarryouthisreforms,whatideadidShangYanghave?

A.Havingawoodenpolecarryingcompetition.

B.Havingawoodenpolecuttingcompetition

C.Themansteppingforwardfirstwouldbepraised.

D.Themancarryingthepolefromsouthgatetothenorthonewouldgetsomegoldpieces.

3.WhydidShangYang'srewardincreaseatlast?

A.Becauseamansteppedforward.

B.Becausetherewasn'tenoughtime.

C.BecauseShangYangheardnoanswer.

D.BecauseShangYangwashappy.

4/Theybelievedhewasamanofhisword/Whatdoestheunderlinedpartmean?

A.Amanwhocanspeakloudly.

B.Amanwholikestospeakalot.

C.Amanwhokeepshisword.

D.Amanoffewwords.

5.Afterthesegreatreforms,whathappenedinthehistoryofChina?

A.ShangYangbecamethefirstemperor.

B.ThefirstempireofChinaappeared.

C.Thesouthgatefelldown.

D.ThestateofQinbecameweakerandweaker.

（五）

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