高考英语一轮（新课标通用）训练检测：专题三阅读理解 考点二十二　新闻时事类 Word版含解析

考点二十二新闻时事类A限时12分钟ArobotcalledBina48hassuccessfullytakenacourseinthephilosophyofloveatNotreDamedeNamurUniversity(NDNU),inCalifornia．AccordingtothecourseinstructorWilliamBarry,associateprofessoratNDNU,Bina48istheworld'sfirstsociallyadvancedrobottocompleteacollegecourse,afeathedescribedas“remarkable”．Therobottookpartinclassdiscussions,gaveapresentationwithastudentpartnerandparticipatedinadebatewithstudentsfromanotherinstitution．Beforebecomingastudent,Bina48appearedasaguestspeakerinBarry'sclassesforseveralyears．OnedaywhenaddressingBarry'sclass,Bina48expressedadesiretogotocollege,whichwasenthusiasticallysupportedbyBarryandhisstudents．RatherthanenrollBina48inhisRobotEthics:PhilosophyofEmergingTechnologiescourse,BarrysuggestedthatBina48shouldtakehiscoursePhilosophyofLoveinstead．“LoveisaconceptBina48doesn'tunderstand，”saidBarry．ThereforethechallengewouldbeforBarryandhisstudentstoteachBina48whatloveis．“Someinterestingthingshappenedintheclass，”saidBarry．“HesaidthathisstudentsthoughtitwouldbestraightforwardtoteachBina48aboutlove,which,afterall,is‘fairlysimple—it'safeeling，’”saidBarry．Buttherealitywasdifferent．“Bina48endeduplearning‘31differentversionsoflove，’”saidBarry,highlightingsomeofthechallengeshumansmayfacewhenworkingartificialintelligenceinfuture．Bina48participatedinclassdiscussionsviaSkypeandalsotookpartinaclassdebateaboutloveandconflictwithstudentsfromWestPoint．Bina48'scontributiontothedebatewasfilmedandpostedonYouTube．ItwasjudgedthatBina48andNDNUclassmateswerethewinnersofthisdebate．Inthenextdecade,BarryhopesBina48mightbecomecomplexenoughtoteachaclass,thoughhesaysheforeseesrobotsbeingusedtobettertheteachingandlearningexperience,ratherthanreplacinginstructorscompletely．1．WhatwasBina48'sperformancelikeinclass?A．Extraordinary．B．Insignificant．C．Farreaching．D．Unattractive．答案：A推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Bina48istheworld'sfirstsociallyadvancedrobot．．．inadebatewithstudentsfromanotherinstitution”可知，Bina48在课堂上参与讨论，与伙伴一起作报告，参与辩论，其表现被描绘成“卓越的”。因此推断它的表现是非凡的。故选A。2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“addressing”inParagraph3probablymean?A．Dealingwith．B．Consultingwith．C．Givingaspeechto．D．Sendingaletterto．答案：C词义猜测题。根据第三段第一句“Beforebecomingastudent,Bina48appearedasaguestspeakerinBarry'sclassesforseveralyears．”可知，在做学生之前，Bina48在Barry的课堂上担任特邀演讲人好几年，因此推断它经常演讲，故画线词所在句句意：一天当Bina48在Barry的课堂上演讲时，它表达了想要上大学的愿望，Barry和他的学生热情地支持它的这个愿望。故画线词词义与C项“作演讲”意义相近。故选C。3．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．ItwasinterestingforBina48tolearnaboutlove．B．ItwasquitetoughforBina48tolearnaboutlove．C．Artificialintelligencemaysomehowbesuperiortoman．D．Humanscanlaunchachallengetoartificialintelligence．答案：C推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“Bina48endeduplearning‘31differentversionsoflove，’saidBarry,highlightingsomeofthechallengeshumansmayfacewhenworkingartificialintelligenceinfuture．”可知，Bina48最终学习了31种不同版本的爱，这突出显示了人类未来可能会面临人工智能的挑战。因此推断人工智能或许在某种程度上比人类高级。故选C。4．WhatdoesBarrythinkofthefuturedevelopmentofBina48?A．Itwillsurelybeabletoserveasateacher．B．Itwillbeabletopromotelearningandteaching．C．Itwillcompletelytaketheplaceofinstructors．D．Itwillbesmartenoughtocontrolhumanbeings．答案：B推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知，Barry认为未来Bina48可能会变得足够复杂，可以教授课程，他预计机器人将被更好地用于教学和学习，而不是完全取代教师。因此推断他认为Bina48在未来能够促进学习和教学。故选B。B限时8分钟LONDON(Reuters)—Organicfruit,deliveredrighttothedoorstep．ThatiswhatGabrielGoldprefers,andheiswillingtopayforit．Ifthisisnotpossible,the26yearoldcomputertechnicianwillspendtheextramoneyatthesupermarkettobuyorganicfood．“Organicproduceisalwaysbetter，”Goldsaid．“Thefoodisfreeofpesticides(农药),andyouaregenerallysupportingfamilyfarmsinsteadoflargefarms．Andmoreoftenthannot,itislocallygrownandseasonal,soitismoretasty．”Goldisoneofagrowingnumberofshoppersbuyingintothe_organic_trend,_andsupermarketsacrossBritainarecountingonmorelikehimastheygrowtheirorganicfoodbusiness．Buthowmanyshoppersreallyknowwhattheyaregetting,andwhyaretheywillingtopayahigherpricefororganicproduce?MarketresearchshowsthatGoldandotherswhobuyorganicfoodcangenerallygiveclearreasonsfortheirpreferences—buttheirknowledgeoforganicfoodisfarfromcomplete．Forexample,smallamountsofpesticidescanbeusedonorganicproducts．AndaboutthreequartersoforganicfoodinBritainisnotlocalbutimportedtomeetgrowingdemand．“Thedemandfororganicfoodisincreasingbyaboutonethirdeveryyear,soitisaveryfastgrowingmarket，”saidSueFlock,aspecialistinthislineofbusiness．5．MoreandmorepeopleinBritainarebuyingorganicfoodbecause________．A．theyconsiderthefoodfreeofpollutionB．theycangetthefoodanywhereC．theyaregettingricherD．theylikehomegrownfruit答案：A推理判断题。根据第二段开头Gold所说的“Organicproduceisalwaysbetter,．．．seasonal,soitismoretasty．”可知，有机农产品总是更好的，这种食物中没有农药，而Gold代表了现在英国人购买有机农产品的趋势。所以我们能判断出越来越多的英国人买有机农产品是因为他们认为这种农产品没有污染。6．WhatcanweknowaboutmostorganicproducesoldinBritain?A．Itgrowsindoorsallyearround．B．Itisgrownonfamilyfarms．C．ItisproducedoutsideBritain．D．Itisproducedonlargefarms．答案：C细节理解题。根据文章第二段倒数第二句可知，英国市场上销售的约3/4的有机农产品不是在英国本地生产的，故选C。7．Whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedwords“theorganictrend”inParagraph2?A．Higherpricesoforganicfood．B．Betterqualityoforganicfood．C．Risingmarketoforganicfood．D．Growinginterestinorganicfood．答案：D推理判断题。根据第二段第四句中的“Goldisoneofagrowingnumberofshoppersbuyingintothe_organic_trend”中的“agrowingnumberof”可推知，“theorganictrend”的意思是对有机农产品越来越浓厚的兴趣，故选D。C限时7分钟AmanisinaseriousconditionafterbeingbittenbyasharkinnorthernNSW．The52yearoldEvansHeadman,namedinmediareportsasCraigIson,isundergoingsurgeryaftersufferinginjuriestohislegsandhandswhenthesharkattackedhimataround6amonFriday．DetectiveInspectorCameronLindsaytoldreportersinBallinathequickthinkingofanothersurferandbeachwalkerswhostemmedtheflowofbloodmayhavesavedIson'slife．Twosurfersinitiallyhelpedhim,usingtowelsandtourniquetsuntilemergencyservicesarrivedatthebeach．LindsaysaidIsonspottedthesharkinthewaterandwarnedtheothersurfers．AsthegrouptriedtopaddleawayfromtheanimalitthenattackedIson,hesaid．“Heactuallyfoughtofftheshark,we'retold,andhasmadeittotheshorewiththehelpoftheothersurfers，”hesaid．IsonwasthentransportedtoLismorehospitalinanambulancedrivenbyapoliceofficerasparamedicsfranticallyworkedonhimintheback．Thebeach,southofBallina,isnotpatrolledinwinterandwouldremainclosed,aSurfLifeSavingNSWspokeswomansaid．LocalresidentBartEasdownsaysinthepastweeklocalshavereportedmanysightingsoffourmetreandfivemetresharksnearBallinaandLennoxHead．Buthesaysnothingwillstopsurfers．“I'mnotquitethatbrave,butthey(localsurfers)are,andtheyjustlovedoingit，”MrEasdowntoldreporters．“Themajorityofpeoplesaytheywillbebackinthewaterandthatthereisalwayssomethinglooming．”OnSundaybeachesaroundBallinawereclosedaftertwosharkswerespottedoffthecoast,aSurfLifeSavingNSWspokeswomansaid．EarlierthismonthabodyboarderwasmauledbyasharkatBallina'sLighthouseBeach,sufferingseriousinjuriestohislowerlegs．InFebruary,alargegreatwhitesharktorethelegsoff41yearoldsurfer,TadashiNakaharaa,inafatalattackatneighbouringShellyBeach．OnSundayamanwaskilledbyasharkwhiledivingforscallopswithhisdaughternearMariaIsland,offTasmania'seastcoast．8．Itcanbelearnedfromthetextthat________．A．IsonwassenttothenearesthospitalbysurfersB．othersurfershadaneasyescapefromthesharkC．theattackhappenedduringsurfingatnoonD．theshark'sattackleftIsonseriouslyhurt答案：D细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知，艾森遭到鲨鱼攻击后受伤严重。9．AccordingtoBartEasdown,weknowthat________．A．therearereportedsightingsofsharksB．sharksappearinlargenumbersnearBallinaC．localsarebraveenoughtosurfwithsharksD．therearenotenoughguardsnearBallinaandLennoxHead答案：A细节理解题。根据倒数第二段首句可知，在过去的一周里，有鲨鱼出没的报道。10．Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?A．Whysharksattacked．B．Examplesofrecentattacks．C．Whatcausedsharkstoattack．D．Whendifferentattackshappened．答案：B段落大意题。最后一段列举了近来鲨鱼攻击人的实例。11．Whatistheauthor'spurposeofwritingthepassage?A．Todescribeseriousdivingaccidents．B．Toremindsurfersofsafetyissues．C．Toreportasurfer'smisfortune．D．Tocallpeople'sattentiontosharks．答案：C推理判断题。本文是一篇新闻报道，文章主要报道了一位冲浪者被鲨鱼攻击的不幸遭遇。D限时7分钟Lovetosinkintoyourchairsandrelaxwhenyougettoschool?Thenyouwillnotbehappytohearthatschoolsallovertheworldareseriouslyconsideringexchangingtraditionaldesksforoneswithnoseatsatall—Yes,thatmeansyouwillbeencouragedtostandthroughthosealreadytoolongmathandsciencelessons!Whywouldanyoneeventhinkofputtingkidstosuchcruelty?Expertssayitimprovestheirhealthandhelpsfightobesity．Whilethatmayseemalittlefarfetched(牵强的)theofficialsatthefewschoolsaroundtheworldseemtoagree．AmongthemareeducatorsfromtheCollegeStationIndependentSchoolDistrictinTexas,whorecentlycompletedaweeklongexperimentinvolving480studentsacrossthreeelementaryschools．The374kidsthatagreedtoparticipateinthestudywereprovidedadevicethathelpedrecordstepcountandcalorieconsumptionovertheentireperiod．All25teachersinvolvedinthestudyreportedthatstudentsappearedtobemorealertandconcentratebetter,whenallowedtostand．Theonethingthatdidsurprisetheresearcherswasthatyoungerkidsweremorewillingtostaystandingthankidsinhighergrades．Theybelievethismayhavesomethingtodowiththefactthatafteryearsofbeingaskedto“sitstill”，olderkidshaveahardertimeadjustingtothisunexpectedfreedom．Americanschoolsarenottheonlyonesreportingsuccesswithstandupdesks．FourCatholicschoolsinPerth,Australia,whichhavebeentestingthemsinceOctober2013,haveseensimilarresults．InMay2014,GroveHousePrimarySchoolinBradford,WestYorkshire,becameEurope'sfirsttestone,withasevenweektrialthatinvolvedtheuseofdesksmadebyErgotronintheirfifthgradeclassrooms．Whileofficialresultsarenotoutyet,earlyreactionsfrombothteachersandstudents,havebeenextremelyencouraging．Thefindingsofthesestudiesandothersdonepreviously,allseemtomeanthatallowingkidstomovearoundinclassroomsisawinwinforstudentsandteachers—ithelpskidsgethealthierandprovideseducatorswithamoreengagedaudience．12．Accordingtothefirstparagraph,whatmaymakethestudentsatschoolunhappyisthat________．A．theyhavetoexchangedeskswitheachotherB．theyhavetoexchangetraditionaldesksforoneswithnoseatsontheirownC．therearenoseatsforthemtositinclassD．theofficialsshownosympathytothematall答案：C细节理解题。由第一段第二句中的“schoolsallovertheworldareseriouslyconsideringexchangingtraditionaldesksforoneswithnoseatsatall—Yes,thatmeansyouwillbeencouragedtostandthroughthosealreadytoolongmathandsciencelessons”可知，教室没有座位，学生们要站着上课，这或许会让学生们感到不悦。13．Accordingtotheteachers,olderstudentsmaynotlikestandupdesksbecause________．A．theyareclevererthanyoungerstudentsB．theyareeasilytiredofstandinglongC．theyhaveformedthehabitofsittingD．theydobadlyinclasswhilestanding答案：C推理判断题。根据第三段尾句可知，年龄较大的孩子们由于多年习惯于坐着上课，所以不喜欢这种站着上课的课桌。14．Whatismostlikelytobetheresultofthesevenweektrial?A．Thestandingdeskscan'tbeusedatall．B．Itisgoodforstudentstousestandupdesks．C．Moretestsshouldbedoneinotherschools．D．Thestudentsaredifferentinpersonality．答案：B推理判断题。根据第一段第四句、第三段首句、第四段首句和最后一段内容可知，使用这种桌子对学生有好处。15．Whydotheteacherslikethestandingdesks?A．Becausetheeducatorscandrawthestudents'attention．B．Becausetheteacherscankeepthestudentshealthy．C．Becausethestudentscanhaveawalkintheclassroom．D．Becausethestandingdeskscankeepthestudentsconcentrated．答案：D推理判断题。根据第三段首句和最后一段中的“ithelpskidsgethealthierandprovideseducatorswithamoreengagedaudience”可知，老师们喜欢这种桌子是因为这使学生们上课更专心、注意力更集中。A限时10分钟(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Teensandyoungerchildrenarereadingalotlessforfun,accordingtoaCommonSenseMediareportpublishedMonday．Whilethedeclineoverthepastdecadeissteepforteenreaders,somedatainthereportshowsthatreadingremainsabigpartofmanychildren'slives,andindicateshowparentsmighthelpencouragemorereading．Accordingtothereport'skeyfindings,“theproportion(比例)whosaythey‘hardlyever’readforfunhasgonefrom8percentof13yearoldsand9percentof17yearoldsin1984to22percentand27percentrespectivelytoday．”Thereportdatashowsthatpleasurereadinglevelsforyoungerchildren,ages2－8,remainlargelythesame．Buttheamountoftimespentinreadingeachsessionhasdeclined,fromclosertoanhourormoretoclosertoahalfhourpersession．Whenitcomestotechnologyandreading,thereportdoeslittletocounsel(建议)parentslookingfordataabouttheeffectofereadersandtabletsonreading．Itdoespointoutthatmanyparentsstilllimitelectronicreading,mainlyduetoconcernsaboutincreasedscreentime．Themosthopefuldatasharedinthereportshowsclearevidenceofparentsservingasexamplesandimportantguidesfortheirkidswhenitcomestoreading．Datashowsthatkidsandteenswhodoreadfrequently,comparedtoinfrequentreaders,havemorebooksinthehome,morebookspurchasedforthem,parentswhoreadmoreoften,andparentswhosetasidetimeforthemtoread．Astheendofschoolapproaches,andschoolvacationreadinglistsloom(逼近)ahead,parentsmighttakethischancetostepinandmaketheirownsummerreadinglistandplanafamilytriptothelibraryorbookstore．篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。据本周一CommonSenseMedia公布的报告显示，青少年和年幼的孩子们现在很少为了乐趣而读书了。文章从阅读乐趣、阅读时长、阅读方式和父母对孩子阅读的影响等角度展示了该报告的内容。1．WhatistheCommonSenseMediareportprobablyabout?A．Children'sreadinghabits．B．Qualityofchildren'sbooks．C．Children'safterclassactivities．D．Parentchildrelationships．答案：A主旨大意题。由文章第一段并结合整篇文章对孩子们阅读的乐趣、阅读时长、阅读方式和父母对孩子阅读的影响等的描述可知，报告主要是关于孩子们的阅读习惯。故选A。2．Wherecanyoufindthedatathatbestsupports“childrenarereadingalotlessforfun”？A．Inparagraph2．B．Inparagraph3．C．Inparagraph4．D．Inparagraph5．答案：B细节理解题。根据第三段中的“theproportion(比例)whosaythey‘hardlyever’readforfunhasgonefrom8percentof13yearoldsand9percentof17yearoldsin1984to22percentand27percentrespectivelytoday”可知，很少为乐趣而阅读的青少年的比例有所上升，其中，13岁的少年从1984年的8%上升到现在的22%,17岁的青年从1984年的9%上升到现在的27%。这些数据正好支持了这一发现：为乐趣而读书的人越来越少了。故选B。3．Whydomanyparentslimitelectronicreading?A．Ebooksareofpoorquality．B．Itcouldbeawasteoftime．C．Itmayharmchildren'shealth．D．Ereadersareexpensive．答案：C推理判断题。根据倒数第三段最后一句中的“manyparentsstilllimitelectronicreading,mainlyduetoconcernsaboutincreasedscreentime”可知，许多家长仍然限制电子阅读，主要是由于担心看电子屏幕的时间越来越多，也就是担心会损害孩子们的健康。故选C。4．Howshouldparentsencouragetheirchildrentoreadmore?A．Actasrolemodelsforthem．B．Askthemtowritebookreports．C．Setupreadinggroupsforthem．D．Talkwiththeirreadingclassteachers．答案：A细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一句“Themosthopefuldatasharedinthereportshowsclearevidenceofparentsservingasexamplesandimportantguidesfortheirkidswhenitcomestoreading．”可知，有明显的证据表明，父母为孩子们作榜样并为孩子们做重要指导能培养孩子的阅读习惯。也即是说，父母可以通过给孩子们作榜样来鼓励孩子们阅读。故选A。B限时10分钟B篇序号与A篇顺排⊕(2019·石家庄市重点高中高三毕业班摸底考试)WhenGitanjaliRaosharedhowshelikes“findingsolutionstorealproblems”，itwashardtoimaginethisdynamicgirlcouldsettleaproblemthathadescapedscientistsforyears．Injustthreemonths,Raocameupwithadevice(装置)thatcanreplacethecostlyandlengthytestscurrentlyusedtoreliablydetermineleadlevelsinourfreshwater．Inspiredbythecurrentlitigation(诉讼)inFlint,Michigan,acaseofwaterpollutionfrom2014untilpresent,Raodesignedanewtestingsystemthatresultedinherbeingnamed“America'stopyoungscientist”for2017．Raohadbeenfollowingthewaterproblemforabouttwoyears．Shewasamazedbythenumberofpeopleaffectedbyleadpollutioninwaterandwantedtodosomethingtochangethis．Raospentmonthstryingtoconvincelocalhighschoolsandcollegestogiveherlabtimetocontinueherexperiment．Athome,Raoworkedonherprojectinthe“scienceroom”sheaskedherparentstocreateforher．Raohascreatedadevicethatusesthreeparts:acartridge,aBluetoothreaderandanapp．Toputitsimply,thecartridgecontainscarbonnanotubes(纳米管)thatreacttolead．ThisreactionisthenregisteredbytheBluetoothreader,whichsendsasignaltoamobileappthatcantellyouimmediatelyifyourwaterissafetodrink．RaoappropriatelynamedthedeviceTethysandishopingtomakealittleimprovementtogetthedeviceonthemarket．Whilewemaynotbeawareofanyleadpollutionpresentinouragingpipelines,leadpoisoningcancausedelaysinphysicalandmentaldevelopment．WithRaobelievingthatthe“purposeofscienceistomakeadifference”，herincredibleinventioncouldmakeadifferencetomillionsofpeopleintheUnitedStates．5．WhatdoweknowaboutRao'sdevice?A．It'scheapandquick．B．It'scheapandinaccurate．C．It'sexpensiveandreliable．D．It'sportableandtimeconsuming．答案：A推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“Injustthreemonths,Raocameupwithadevice(装置)thatcanreplacethecostlyandlengthytestscurrentlyusedtoreliablydetermineleadlevelsinourfreshwater．”可推知，与以前又贵又费时的设备相比，Rao所发明的设备既便宜又省时，与第三段最后一句“ThisreactionisthenregisteredbytheBluetoothreader,whichsendsasignaltoamobileappthatcantellyouimmediatelyifyourwaterissafetodrink．”相呼应，故选A。6．WhatmadeRaohavetheideaofdesigningthedevice?A．Herparents'suggestions．B．Herdesireforwinningtheaward．C．Herinterestinsettlingrealproblems．D．ThewaterpollutionlitigationinFlint．答案：D细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Inspiredbythecurrentlitigation(诉讼)inFlint,Michigan,acaseofwaterpollutionfrom2014untilpresent,Raodesignedanewtestingsystemthatresultedinherbeingnamed‘America'stopyoungscientist’for2017．”可知，Rao设计测试水中铅水平的装置的想法是受一个水污染诉讼的启发，故选D。7．Whatdothecarbonnanotubesfunctionas?A．Sendingimmediatesignals．B．Detectingthepresenceoflead．C．Recordingthereactionresults．D．Showingthewaterqualityresults．答案：B推理判断题。根据第三段倒数第二句“Toputitsimply,thecartridgecontainscarbonnanotubes(纳米管)thatreacttolead．”可推知，这个碳纳米管是可以对铅起反应的，因此可以检测出水中是否含有铅，故选B。8．WhatdoestheauthorthinkofRao'sinvention?A．ItwillleadRaotomakeafortune．B．ItwillhelpmillionsofAmericansdrinksafewater．C．ItwillpromotethedevelopmentofscienceinAmerica．D．Itwillsoonsettletheleadpollutedproblemthoroughly．答案：B推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句中的“Whilewemaynotbeawareofanyleadpollutionpresentinouragingpipelines,leadpoisoningcancausedelaysinphysicalandmentaldevelopment．”“herincredibleinventioncouldmakeadifferencetomillionsofpeopleintheUnitedStates”和对本段的整体理解可推知，作者认为Rao的发明可以帮助人们快速检测出水中是否含有铅，从而可以大大提高人们饮用水的安全性，意义重大，故选B。C限时8分钟(2017·天津高考)Thismonth,Germany'stransportminister,AlexanderDobrindt,proposedthefirstsetofrulesforautonomousvehicles(自主驾驶车辆)．Theywoulddefinethedriver'sroleinsuchcarsandgovernhowsuchcarsperformincrasheswherelivesmightbelost．Theproposalattemptstodealwithwhatsomecallthe“deathvalley”ofautonomousvehicles：thegreyareabetweensemiautonomousandfullydriverlesscarsthatcoulddelaythedriverlessfuture．Dobrindtwantsthreethings：thatacaralwayschoosesproperty(财产)damageoverpersonalinjury;thatitneverdistinguishesbetweenhumansbasedonageorrace;andthatifahumanremoveshisorherhandsfromthedrivingwheel—tocheckemail,say—thecar'smakerisresponsibleifthereisacrash．“Thechangetotheroadtrafficlawwillpermitfullyautomaticdriving，”saysDobrindt．Itwillputfullydriverlesscarsonanequallegalfootingtohumandrivers,hesays．Whoisresponsiblefortheoperationofsuchvehiclesisnotclearamongcarmakers,consumersandlawyers．“Theliability(法律责任)issueisthebiggestoneofthemall，”saysNatashaMeratattheUniversityofLeeds,UK．AnassumptionbehindUKinsurancefordriverlesscars,introducedearlierthisyear,insiststhatahuman“bewatchfulandmonitoringtheroad”ateverymoment．Butthatisnotwhatmanypeoplehaveinmindwhenthinkingofdriverlesscars．“Whenyousay‘driverlesscars’，peopleexpectdriverlesscars，”Meratsays．“Youknow—nodriver．”Becauseoftheconfusion,Meratthinkssomecarmakerswillwaituntilvehiclescanbefullyautomatedwithouthumanoperation．Driverlesscarsmayendupbeingaformofpublictransportratherthanvehiclesyouown,saysRyanCaloatStanfordUniversity,California．ThatishappeningintheUKandSingapore,wheregovernmentprovideddriverlessvehiclesarebeinglaunched．ThatwouldgodownpoorlyintheUS,however．“Theideathatthegovernmentwouldtakeoverdriverlesscarsandtreatthemasapublicgoodwouldgetabsolutelynowherehere，”saysCalo．9．Whatdoesthephrase“deathvalley”inParagraph2referto?A．Aplacewherecarsoftenbreakdown．B．Acasewherepassingalawisimpossible．C．Anareawherenodrivingispermitted．D．Asituationwheredrivers'roleisnotclear．答案：D词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“thegreyareabetweensemiautonomousandfullydriverlesscarsthatcoulddelaythedriverlessfuture”可知，deathvalley指的就是半自主驾驶和完全无人驾驶汽车之间的灰色地带，即：对司机角色的定义不清楚。故选D。10．TheproposalputforwardbyDobrindtaimsto________．A．stoppeoplefrombreakingtrafficrulesB．helppromotefullyautomaticdrivingC．protectdriversofallagesandracesD．preventseriouspropertydamage答案：B推理判断题。第一段说Dobrindt提出第一套自主驾驶车辆的规章，将会定义自主驾驶车辆司机的角色，这个提议就是处理deathvalley这个问题的；第四段说交规的改变会准许全自动驾驶，而且会将完全无人驾驶汽车和有人驾驶汽车放到一个平等的法律地位上，由此推断，Dobrindt提出此建议的目的就是推广全自动驾驶。故选B。11．Whatdoconsumersthinkoftheoperationofdriverlesscars?A．Itshouldgettheattentionofinsurancecompanies．B．Itshouldbethemainconcernoflawmakers．C．Itshouldnotcausedeadlytrafficaccidents．D．Itshouldinvolvenohumanresponsibility．答案：D细节理解题。根据第七段最后两句“Whenyousay‘driverlesscars’，peopleexpectdriverlesscars，”Meratsays．“Youknow—nodriver．”可知，人们认为的无人驾驶汽车，就是没有司机的汽车，人不参与其中当然也不该涉及人的责任问题。故选D。12．Driverlessvehiclesinpublictransportseenobrightfuturein________．A．SingaporeB．theUKC．theUSD．Germany答案：C细节理解题。根据最后一段首句“ThatwouldgodownpoorlyintheUS,however．”可知，无人驾驶汽车作为公共交通方式在美国反响却很差，即：在美国，无人驾驶汽车在公共运输领域看不到光明的前景，因此选C。13．Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．AutonomousDriving：WhoseLiability?B．FullyAutomaticCars：ANewBreakthroughC．AutonomousVehicles：DriverRemoved!D．DriverlessCars：RootofRoadAccidents答案：A标题判断题。全文由德国交通部部长的提议引出话题，围绕自主驾驶车辆的发展进行了探讨，主要是从立法角度探讨了责任归属问题，而弄清楚这一问题有助于无人驾驶车辆未来的发展。故选A。D限时10分钟(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Someoftheworld'smostfamousmusiciansrecentlygatheredinParisandNewOrleanstocelebratethefirstannualInternationalJazzDay．UNESCO(UnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganization)recentlysetApril30asadaytoraiseawarenessofjazzmusic,itssignificance,anditspotentialasaunifying(联合)voiceacrosscultures．Despitethecelebrations,though,intheUSthejazzaudiencecontinuestoshrinkandgrowolder,andthemusichasfailedtoconnectwithyoungergenerations．It'sJasonMoran'sjobtohelpchangethat．AstheKennedyCenter'sartisticadviserforjazz,Moranhopestowidentheaudienceforjazz,makethemusicmoreaccessible,andpreserveitshistoryandculture．“Jazzseemslikeit'snotreallyapartoftheAmericanappetite，”MorantellsNationalPublicRadio'sreporterNealConan．“WhatI'mhopingtoaccomplishisthatmygenerationandyoungerstarttoreconsiderandunderstandthatjazzisnotblackandwhiteanymore．It'sactuallycolor,andit'sactuallydigital．”Moransaysoneoftheproblemswithjazztodayisthattheentertainmentaspectofthemusichasbeenlost．“Themusiccan'tbepresentedtodaythewayitwasin1908or1958．Ithastocontinuetomove,becausethewaytheworldworksisnotthesame，”saysMoran．Lastyear,MoranworkedonaprojectthatarrangedFatsWaller'smusicforadanceparty,“justtokindofputitbackinthemindthatWallerisdancemusicasmuchasitisconcertmusic，”saysMoran．“Forme,it'stherecontextualization．Inmusic,wheredoestheemotion(情感)lie？Arewe,ashumans,gaininganyinsight(感悟)onhowtotalkaboutourselvesandhowsomethingasabstractasaCharlieParkerrecordgetsusintoadialogueaboutouremotionsandourthoughts？Sometimeswelosesightthatthemusichasawidercontext，”saysMoran,“soIwanttocontinuethosedialogues．ThosearethethingsIwanttofoster．”14．WhydidUNESCOsetApril30asInternationalJazzDay?A．Torememberthebirthofjazz．B．Toprotectculturaldiversity．C．Toencouragepeopletostudymusic．D．Torecognizethevalueofjazz．答案：D细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句中的“．．．toraiseawarenessofjazzmusic,itssignificance,anditspotentialasaunifying(联合)voiceacrosscultures”可知，设立国际爵士乐日是为了提高人们对爵士乐价值的认识。故选D。15．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inParagraph3referto?A．Jazzbecomingmoreaccessible．B．Theproductionofjazzgrowingfaster．C．Jazzbeinglesspopularwiththeyoung．D．Thejazzaudiencebecominglarger．答案：C指代判断题。第二段提到在美国爵士乐的听众数量正在减少，爵士乐未能受到年轻一代的欢迎，第三段首句提到JasonMoran的工作就是要帮助改变这一现象，由此可知that指代“爵士乐不受年轻人欢迎”这一现象。故选C。16．WhatcanweinferaboutMoran'sopiniononjazz?A．Itwilldisappeargradually．B．Itremainsblackandwhite．C．Itshouldkeepupwiththetimes．D．Itchangesevery50years．答案：C推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中JasonMoran的话可知，他认为世界的运作方式跟以前不一样了，爵士乐也应该跟上时代的步伐。故选C。17．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．ExploringtheFutureofJazzB．TheRiseandFallofJazzC．TheStoryofaJazzMusicianD．CelebratingtheJazzDay答案：A标题判断题。文章介绍了国际爵士乐日的设立，讨论了爵士乐现在面临的问题，并对其未来的发展进行了探索，故A项“探索爵士乐的未来”作为标题最合适。E限时10分钟⊕(2019·广东省惠州市高三第一次调研考试)ChinawillgivethegreenlighttoInternetmedicalservicesconductedbymedicalinstitutionsaspartofabroaderpushtopromoteInternetPlusHealthcare,whichwasdecidedataStateCouncilexecutivemeetingheldbyPremierLiKeqiang．Medical