2018长沙中考英语真题及答案

年长沙市初中学业水平考试试卷英语Ⅱ.知识运用（两部分，共20小题，计20分）第一节语法填空从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选择最佳答案填空。（共10小题，计10分）21.—Theweatherreportsaysit'sgoingtohaveashowerthisafternoon.—Itdoes?We'dbetternow,justincase.A.toleave B.leaving C.leave22.—IsthemanoverthereAdam?—Itbehim.HehasgonetoHongKongonvacation.A.must B.can't C.mustn't23.—Dothetwinslookthesame?—No,JaneistallerthanClaire.A.little B.more C.alittle24.—HowmanyapplescanIhave?—Youcanhavetwo.areforJim.A.Theothers B.Others C.Theother25.Youmustn'tdriveacarontheroadyougetadriver'slicense.A.unless B.if C.since26.—Mom,Iboughtustwoticketstothe2018WorldCupinRussia.—Really?pleasantsurprise!A.How B.What C.Whata27.BritishphysicistStephenHawking,whoasthe“smartestmanalive”,passedawayinEnglandonMarch14,2018.A.Praised B.waspraised C.willbepraised28.Aslongasthewholeofoursocietytrying,wewillmakeourskiesblueagain.A.keeps B.willkeep C.kept29.Kids,Ihopeyou'llrememberthegoodolddayswespenttogetherinjuniorhighthoughit'stimetosaygoodbye.A.who B.what C.which30.—DoesanybodywanttoshareonFather'sDay?—Guesswhat?I'llwriteapoemformydad.A.whenwillyoushop B.whatyouwilldoC.whereyouwillgo第二节词语填空通读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。（共10小题，计10分）WhenIwasfifteenyearsold,Ibecameveryinterestedinshopping.Afterawhilebeingjustabuyer,Iwantedto31something.IhadmanythingsthatInolongerneededathome.IknewwiththehelpofmyfatherIcouldmakemoney.SoformonthsandmonthsI32myselfbysellingthingsonmydad'sbankaccount(账户).OnJuly18th,2015,Imademyownaccountandbegantostartmyown33.ThingsweregoinggreatandthenIrealizedthatsellingthingsaroundthehousewasn't34forme,soIdecidedtoexpand(拓展)mybusinessbyrunningare-saleshop.Iwentaroundtotheyardsalesandboughtthingsatlowpricesandsoldthemat35pricestomakemoney.LastOctober,Iwenttoayardsalethatwasalittlebitdifferent.Aladyhadmanynicethingstosell.Iwentuptoherandhada36withher.Throughthecommunication,Iknewshewasjoblessatthatmomentandneededmoneytofeedherfamily.IthoughtIcoulddoitbetterandmorequicklyforher.SoImadeadecisiontohelpherout.Shelookedatmeforawhileandthensaid37.AfterthatItookawaysomeofherthingsandoverthenextmonthImade$1,500forher!WhenIgaveherthemoney,shebrokedownintotears（眼泪）38.Ihaveneverfeltso39tohelpsomeoneinmylife.Iknowmyskillscouldbeusedtohelpthoseinneedandthatevenonesmallactofkindnesscould40.31. A.buy B.sell C.produce32. A.annoyed B.enjoyed C.punished33. A.business B.holiday C.education34. A.familiar B.helpful C.enough35. A.higher B.lower C.half36. A.competition B.fight C.conversation37. A.no B.yes C.sorry38. A.peacefully B.regretfully C.thankfully39. A.worried B.stressed C.pleased40.A.makeadifference B.makeamessC.makeamistakeⅢ.阅读技能（四部分，共24小题，计48分）第一节图表理解阅读下面的图表，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项回答问题或完成句子。（共5小题，计10分）ABestGuitarNightWelcometoEdinburghGuitarClub!Hereyoucanfindinformationaboutwhat'shappeningatEdinburgh'sbestguitarclub.EdinburghGuitarClubisheldeveryTuesdaynightatSummerhall,Newington,Edinburgh.Wehavethebestguitarplayers.Theeventisgreatforeveryone,frombeginnerstoexperiencedplayers.Joinusandexperienceguitarthewayit'smeanttobe!Time:8p.m.~11p.m.Tickets:$6(online)$7(atthedoorifthereareanyleft)FreeWi-FiandsnacksprovidedDrinksnotincludedintheticketpriceTrysomethingnew!41.TheticketpriceincludesthefollowingEXCEPT________.A.drinks B.snacks C.freeWi-Fi42.Fromtheposter(海报)above,wecanknowthat________.A.theeventendsat10p.m.B.theeventisjustforthebestplayersC.theticketonlineischeaperthanthatatthedoorBNameJonathanSmithDateofbirthFeb.25,2001PlaceofbirthNewYork,NY,theUSAContact(联系方式)Address:37GreenfieldRoad,Sydney,AustraliaTelephone:0123186225689E-mail:jonathan@EducationGED-12,includingEnglishandmathGreenfieldHighSchool,Sydney,AustraliaWorkexperienceWaiteratBetty'sPizzaRestaurantonSaturdays—9months;Volunteerasajudge(裁判)inGreenfieldNurserySchoolsportsmeeting—3timesLanguagesEnglish—firstlanguageChinese—secondlanguageSkillsandinterestsSports,singing,drawing,traveling,gardening43.Accordingtothechart(图表)，howoldisJonathanthisyear?A.17. B.27. C.37.44.WheredidJonathanreceivehishighschooleducation?A.InLondon. B.InNewYork. C.InSydney.45.Thecharttellsusthat.A.Jonathanhasn'tgotanyworkexperienceB.JonathanknowstwolanguagesandloveslifeC.JonathancanbecontactedthroughWeChatmessages第二节短文理解阅读下面的短文，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项回答问题或完成句子。（共10小题，计20分）AAfterwandering(闲逛)aroundinthecityforalongtime,Tomfinallyfoundhimselfstandinginfrontofthepalace.Helookedthroughitsgoldengate,hopingtotakealookatarealprince（王子）.Thereweresomeguards(卫兵)standingatbothsidesofthegate.Tom,dressedbadly,wasmovingnervouslypastthemwhenhesuddenlycaughtsightofawell-dressedboywhowasfollowedbyseveralservants.Hewasnodoubttheprince!Tomwasexcited.Hewantedtogetclosetotheprinceandhaveagoodlookathim.However,aguardsawhimandstoppedhimrudely(粗鲁地).Theyoungprince,whosenamewasEdward,wasangrywiththeguardforhisrudeness.HeaskedtheguardtoopenthegateandtookTomtohisroominthepalace.Thetwoboysbecamegoodfriends.TheyevenexchangedtheirclothesafterTomtoldEdwardthathehaddreamtaboutdressinglikeaprince.Astheystoodsidebysideinfrontofagreatmirror,theyweresurprisedtofindthattheylookedalmostliketwins!Thetwoboyswereineachother’sclotheswhenEdwardsuddenlynoticedabruise(瘀伤)onTom'shand.HesoonrealizedthatitwascausedbytheguardwhohadstoppedTomrudely.Inamoment,theyoungprinceranoutoftheroom.Hedecidedtopunishtheguard.However,theguarddidn'trealizethattheprincewasinTom'soldwornclothes.HehitEdwardheavilyontheearandthrewhimoutofthepalace.46.WhydidTomlookthroughthegateofthepalace?A.Totalkwiththeguard.B.Toaskforaplacetolivein.C.Tohavealookatarealprince.47.HowdidTomfeelwhilemovingpasttheguards?A.Nervous. B.Excited. C.Proud.48.WhenTomwasstopped,Edwardgotmadbecauseof.A.thebadmannersofTomB.thestrictrulesofthepalaceC.therudebehavioroftheguard49.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.EdwardandTomweretwinbrothers.B.Edwardwaskind,caringandfriendly.C.Edwardwastiredoflivinginthepalace.50.Wecaninfer(推断)fromthepassagethat.A.bloodisthickerthanwaterB.twoheadsarebetterthanoneC.neverjudgepeoplebytheirlooks.BElephantsarethelargestlandanimalsalivetoday.Africanelephantsliveinfamilygroupscalledherds(群).Alloftheelephantsintheherdtakecareofeachother.Theleaderoftheherdisanoldmotherelephant.Sheisthematriarch(族长).Aherdmayhaveasfewaseightorasmanyas100elephants.Theotherelephantsfollowthematriarchbecausesheknowshowtokeepthemsafefromcomingdanger.Elephantslearnbywatchingandcopyingotherelephants,andalsolearnfromlife.Babyelephantsstaywiththeirmothersuntiltheyarefullygrownatabouttenyearsold.Elephantslivetobe50or60yearsold.Elephantsaresmartanimalswithlongmemories.Inthedryseason,amatriarchcanrememberwherewaterwasfoundinthepast.Theherdwillfollowherthere.Shecanalsorememberthesafestplaceforbabyelephantstocrossafast-movingriver.Elephantstalktoeachotherwithrumblingsounds.Somerumblingsoundsaresolowanddeepthatpeopleareunabletohearthem.Elephantshearsoundsnotonlywiththeirears,butalsowiththeirfeet,andeventrunks(longnosesoftheelephants).Theyalsogreeteachotherbytouchingwiththeirtrunksandfeet.Ifdangerappears,mothersbeattheirearstocalltheirbabiestothem.Otheranimalsdon'tusuallyattack(攻击)elephants.However,alionmighttrytoattackasickelephantorababy.Ifthishappens,theadultelephantscirclearoundthebabyelephants.Theadultsmakeloudersoundsandhitthegroundwiththeirtrunks.Thematriarchputsherselfbetweenthelionandtheherd.Shebeatsherearsouttomakeherselflookevenlarger.Thenshelowersherherdandattackstheenemy(敌人)inabigcloudofdust(灰尘).51.AccordingtoParagraph(段落)One,anelephantherd.A.hasafatherelephantastheleaderB.ownsamatriarchwhokeepsitawayfromdangerC.alwayshasseveralleadersandhundredsofelephants52.Longmemorieshelpelephantsto.A.choosetheirmatriarchB.communicatewitheachotherC.findwaterandcrosstheriver53.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“rumbling”mean?A.低沉的B.尖细的C.高亢的54.Whydotheadultelephantscirclearoundtheirbabies?A.Tokeeptheirbabiessafe.B.Towelcometheirfriends.C.Toattacktheirenemies.55.Thepassagemainlytellsusabout.A.whytheelephantsliveinherdsB.whattheelephants'livinghabitsareC.howtheelephantsavoidbeingattacked第三节语篇补全阅读下面的短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项补全短文。选项中有一项为多余选项。（共4小题，计8分）Agoodmemoryisoftenseenassomethingthatcomesnaturally,whileabadmemoryassomethingthatcannotbechanged.Infact,thereisalotthatyoucandotoimproveyourmemory.Herearesometips(贴士)foryou.◆56.Weallrememberthethingsweareinterestedin,andalwaysforgettheonesthatboreus.Thisexplainsthereasonwhyschoolboysrememberfootballresultseasilybutstruggle(挣扎)withdatesfromtheirhistorylessons!Developanactiveinterestinwhatyouwanttoremember.Onewaytomakeyourselfmoreinterestedistoaskquestions—themore,thebetter!◆Repeatthingsinchunks(块).Repeatingthingsinchunksisthebestwaytorememberthingsforashorttime,forexample,rememberingaphonenumberforafewseconds.57.Thefollowingnumberswouldbeimpossibleformostofustoremember:1492178919318483.Butlookatthemin“groups”or“chunks”repeatedly,anditbecomesmucheasier：1492178919318483.◆Inventastory.Torememberlonglists,tryinventingastorywhichincludesallthethingsyouwanttoremember.Inexperiments,peoplewereaskedtorememberupto120wordsusingthisway.Whentheyweretestedlater,theycouldrememberabout90%ofthem.58.◆Takephysicalexercise.Physicalexerciseisimportantforyourmemory,becauseitincreasesyourheartrate(心率)andsendsmoreoxygen(氧气)toyourbrain,andthatmakesyourmemoryworkbetter.59.Asweknow,toomuchpressureisverybadforthememory.A.Takeaninterest.B.Exercisealsolowersstress.C.Thetestresultwasreallyamazing!D.Anotherwaytoimprovememoryistogetenoughrest.E.Groupingnumbersmayhelpyoutorememberthem.第四节阅读表达阅读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题。（共5小题，计10分）InHebei,thereisasmallvillagecalledYeli.Throughthevillage,youcanseegreentreesalongtheriverbank.However,youcanhardlyimaginethat,about16yearsago,thisareawascoveredwithrocksandweeds(杂草).Thebigchangeisallbecauseofyearsofhardworkbytwobestfriends:JiaHaixia,whoisblind,andJiaWenqi,whohasnoarms.Thetwofriendsdecidedtoplanttreestomakealivingbackin2002.Althoughbotharedisabled,theylearnedtoworktogetherbybecomingeachother’seyesandhands.Withlittlemoneytobuyyoungtrees,theyhadtocollectandplantcuttings(插枝，插条).Everymorning,theywenttotheriverbanktogether.JiaWenqiwalkedinthefrontandJiaHaixiafollowedhimbyholdingoneofhisfriend'semptysleeves(衣袖).Aftertheyarrivedattheriverbank,JiaHaixiawouldclimbonhisfriend'sshoulderstogetcuttingsandJiaWenqiwouldtellhimwhichcuttingswerethebest.Afterthat,theydugholesonthegroundandwateredthecuttingstogether.Theyplanted800treesinthefirstyear,butonlytwosurvived(存活).Theydidn'tgiveup.Instead,theycontinuedtoplantmoreinthenextfewyears.Theriverbankisnowhometoovertenthousandtrees.Today,thetwofriendsnolongerneedtomakealivingbyplantingtrees,buttheyhavenoplanstostop.Theyaimtoplantasmanytreesaspossibleintheareasoastoprotectthevillagefromflooding(洪水)andtoimprovethelocalenvironment.60.Wheredidthestorytakeplace?61.Couldpeopleseemanygreentreesthere16yearsago?62.Howdidthesetwodisabledmenworktogether?(Nomorethan12words)63.Howmanytreesaretherealongtheriverbanknowadays?64.What'sthepurposeoftheirplantingtreesnow?Ⅳ.写作技能（三部分，共11小题，计32分）第一节语篇翻译阅读下面的短文，将划线部分译成英文或中文。（共5小题，计10分）Peoplehavebeentryingtofindoutifhomeworkisgoodorbadforschoolchildren,andtheyhavedifferentopinions.65.Somepeoplethinkthathomeworkisanimportantpartoflearningforstudents.Theybelieveitnotonlyenableschildrentopracticewhattheyhavelearnedinclass,butalsohelpsimprovetheirhandwriting.Theyalsosaythathomeworkhelpsteachchildrenhowtoworkontheirown.66.Also,it'saskillwhichisusefultotheminfuturelife.Othersdisagree,though.67.他们认为家庭作业给孩子们太多的压力。Andthetimespentonhomeworkcouldhavebeenusedtodootheractivitieslikereadingandplayingsports.Tobackuptheiropinion,theygivetheexampleofFinland(芬兰).68.在芬兰，学生几乎没什么作业。Butthecountryremainsoneofthemosteducationallysuccessfulcountriesintheworld.Hereismypointofview(观点)onthismatter.69.Whetherthehomeworkisgoodorbaddependsonthepurposeofit.Ifthereisnoclearreasonforgivinghomework,thestudentswon'tgetanythingfromdoingit,soitshouldnotbeset.However,Istillbelievethathomeworkcanreallyhelpwithchildren'slearning,ifteachersclearlytellthemwhytheyshoulddothehomeworkandletthemknowhowtheyhavedoneintheirhomework.65.66.67.68.69.第二节情景交际通读下面的对话，根据上下文补全对话内容。（共5小题，计10分）A：Hey,Emily,how'sitgoing?B:70.Youknowwhat？I'vemadesomeprogressinEnglish,andIgotan“A”inthelastexam.A:Wow,goodforyou!Youreffortsfinallypaidoff.71?B:Well,Ijustlistenedtotheteachercarefullyinclass.Besides,readingEnglishnewspapersandnovelshelpedmealot.A:Nowondergrammarisjustapieceofcakeforyounow.B:Anyhow,Istillhavealongwaytogo.Bytheway,Icalledyouatnineo'clocklastnight,butyoudidn'tanswer.72?A:Oh,terriblysorry.IwaswatchingthemovieAmazingChina.73?B:Yes,Ihave.AmazingChinareallyshowsushowamazingChinais!AlltheChinesepeopleareproudofourcountry.A:Ican'tagreemore.I'dliketowatchmoremovieslikethatafterthebigexaminJune.ButnowIhavetogoalloutfortheexam.B:Youareright.Studycomesfirst.Goodluck,myfriend.A:74.Thesametoyou!第三节书面表达（计12分）75.假如你是李华，于4月13日星期五这一天参加了学校组织的郊游活动。请你以schooltrip为主题，写一则英文日记，内容包括参加活动的人员、集合时间、交游地点、交通方式、活动内容以及个人感