宾语从句的用法归纳

宾语从句的用法归纳TiandongFenggangNo.4MiddleSchool一、宾语从句根据引导词的不同可分为三种类型：1.由that引导的宾语从句。如：

Weknew(that)weshouldlearnfromeachother.2.由if/whether引导的宾语从句。如：

Pleasetellmeif/whetheryouhavebeentoAmerica.3.由who,where,how等连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句。如：

CanyoutellmehowIcangettothenearestpostoffice?

二、宾语从句引导词、语序与时态1.引导词假如从句是陈述句，引导词用that(that在口语或非正式文体中常省略)；假如从句是一般疑问句，引导词用if/whether；假如从句是非凡疑问句，引导词用由疑问词转换而来的疑问代词/副词。2.语序①陈述句变为宾语从句，语序不变，即仍用陈述语序。如：

Heisanhonestboy.Theteachersaid.→Theteachersaid(that)hewasanhonestboy.②一般疑问句和非凡疑问句（特殊疑问句）变为宾语从句，语序变为陈述语序。如：

Doesheworkhard?Iwonder.→Iwonderif/whetherheworkshard.Whendidheleave?Idon’tknow.→Idon’tknowwhenheleft.3.时态①假如主句是现在的时态，从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。如：

Ihaveheard(that)hewillcomebacknextweek.②假如主句是过去的某种时态，那么从句的时态一定要用过去的某种时态。如：Hesaid(that)therewerenoclassesyesterday.注重：假如宾语从句表述的是客观真理、自然现象等时，不管主句是什么时态，从句都要用一般现在时。如：

Hesaidthatlighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.三、人称的变化和标点的使用

1.从句的主语假如是第一人称，变为宾语从句则与主句的主语一致；假如是第二人称，则与主句的宾语一致；假如是第三人称，不用变化。如：“MayIuseyourknife?”Heaskedme.→Heaskedmeifhemightusemyknife.“Doyouknowhertelephonenumber?”Heaskedme.→HeaskedmeifIknowhertelephonenumber.

2.宾语从句的标点均由主句决定。主句是陈述句，用句号；主句是疑问句，用问号。如：

Whowillgiveusatalk?Idon’tknow.→Idon’tknowwhowillgiveusatalk.Doyouknow?Wheredoeshelive?→Doyouknowwherehelives?四、if和when既能引导时间状语从句，又能引导宾语从句。if和和when既能引导时间状语从句，又能引导宾语从句。因此，碰到它们就要认真分析一下，它们究竟属于“两副面孔”的哪一副。如：Ifitrainstomorrow,Iwon’tcome.(时间状语从句)Idon’tknowifitwillraintomorrow.(宾语从句)

五、从句的简化

1.当主句谓语动词是find，see，watch，hear等感官动词时，从句常简化为“宾语＋宾补”结构，宾补为不带to的不定式或V-ing形式。如：

Shefoundthatthewalletlay/waslyingontheground.→Shefoundthewalletlie/lyingontheground.2.当主句谓语动词是hope，wish，decide，forget，plan，agree等，且主句主语与从句主语相同时，从句可简化为不定式结构。如：

Sheagreedthatshecouldhelpmewithmymaths.→Sheagreedtohelpmewithmymaths.

3.在连接代词/副词引导的宾语从句中，当从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“连接代词/副词＋不定式”结构。如：

CanyoutellmehowIcangettothestation?→Canyoutellmehowtogettothestation？六、宾语从句的用法顺口溜：宾语从句三姊妹，that，if/whether，wh-/how展风采。展风采有三关，引导词、语序、时态在把关。主从时态要一致，陈述语序永不变。陈述请你选that，疑问需用if/whether连。非凡问句（特殊疑问句）作宾从，原来问词不用换。三关过后莫自得，人称、标点需注重。留意变脸的if/when，从句的简化记心间。宾语从句习题基础练习1.Haveyoudecided________forAustralia?A.whenwillyouleaveB.whendoyouleaveC.whenyouwillleave2.Canyoutellme_________?A.wheredoesTomliveB.whereTomlivedC.whereTomlives3.Theoldmanaskedme________.A.wherewasthecinemaB.whereisthecinemaC.wherethecinemawas4.Ithink_______youwilllikehim.thatB.ifC.why5.Ididn’tknow_______hewillcomeornot.A.thatB.whetherC.weather6.Iwonder_________.howmuchcosttheseshoesB.howmuchdotheseshoescostC.howmuchtheseshoescost7.Sheaskedme_________.A.whohewasB.whowasheC.whoheis8.Askhim_________.whosecupthisisB.whosecupisthisC.thisiswhosecup9.Idon’tknow_________.whattimethemoviestartswhattimestartsthemovieC.thetimetostartthemovie10.Thedoctoraskedmehowlong________.A.wasIillB.IhadbeenillC.Ihavebeenill11.Theweatherforecastdoesn’tsay_________.A.ifitrainstomorrowB.ifdoesitraintomorrowC.ifitwillraintomorrow12.Doyouknow_________?A.whosepenisthisB.whosepenthisisC.whomdoesthepenbelongto13.Couldyoutellmewhere_________?thetapewasB.wasthetapeC.thetapeis14.Theywanttoknow_________?A.whereisthehospitalB.howoldareyouC.whenthetrainwillleave15.Tonywantedtoknow_________.A.whathadFatherChristmasputinhisstockingB.whenFatherChristmashadputinhisstockingC.whathadFatherChristmasputinhisstocking16.Nooneknows_______theprofessorwillcometoourschooltomorrowtogiveusatalkornot.A.WhenB.whetherC.if17.Julydidn’tknow_________.A.whereisTim’sfatherB.whenwasthefirstwatchmadeC.whatwaswrongwithherwatch18.Noonetoldus_________,soweneedyourhelp.howshouldwedoB.whatweshoulddoC.whattodo19.Wedon’tknow_________withtherubbishanditpollutesoutlandandsea.A.howdoitB.howtodoC.whattodo20.Heaskedme_________.A.whetherIfindoutthesenderofthemoneyB.whetherdidIfindoutthesenderofthemoneyC.whetherIfoundoutthesenderofthemoney21.Didyouhear______?whatdidIsayB.whatIsaidC.Isaidwhat22.Canyoutellme________?A.whichclassyouareinB.whichclassareyouinC.youareinwhichclass23.---Excuseme.Couldyoutellme_______?---Certainly.whencanIgettothestationB.IcangettowhichstationC.howIcangettothestation24.Couldyoutellmewhere_______yesterday?A.didyougoB.yougoC.youwent25.Tomaskedme________.A.whoseshirtwasthisB.whoseshirtthiswasC.whoshirtwasthis26.Excuseme,couldyoutellme_______?A.where’stheteachers’officeB.where’sthebusstationC.wherethepostofficeis27.IwanttoseeMrs.Wang,butIdon’tknow_______.sheliveswhereB.whereshelivesC.wheredoesshelive28.---GoandaskMr.Whiteforhelp.---ButIdon’tknow_______.A.wheredoesheliveB.wherehelivesC.whereisheliving29.---Canyoutellme______?---Yes,helivesinasmalltown.A.wherehelivesB.whoissingingC.whenhewillleave30.Haveyoudecided______forLondon?A.whenwillyouleaveB.whenyouwillleaveC.whenareyougoing31.Excuseme.Couldyoutellme______ourtickets?A.wheredoweshowB.whereshallweshowC.whereweshallshow32.---Whatareyouinterestedinaboutcookingfood?---Weareallinterestedin______.A.howeggisfriedB.howiseggfriedC.howeggfries33.Doyouknow_______?whatitisB.whatisitC.whoishe34.Doyouknow_______?whose