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中学高一英语练习十阅读理解AWilliamPretzerwas5yearsoldwhenRosaParksofMontgomery,Alabama,wasarrested.ItwasDecember1,1955.The42-year-oldneedlewomanwasonacitybusonthewayhomeafteraday'swork,andsherefusedtogiveherseattoawhitepassenger.ThefullsignificanceoftheeventdidnotregisterwithPretzer,soyoungandlivingmorethan2,000milesawayinSacramento,California.Tobehonest,itwouldtaketimeformostpeopletogainenoughviewstoseetheprotest(抗议)forwhatitwas,thebeginningofthecivilrightsmovementintheUnitedStates,andParksasthemovement'sso-called“mother.”Evennow,ashelooksoverParks'policereportandfingerprints,Pretzer,whoworkedforDetroit'sHenryFordMuseumformorethan20years,andacquiretheretiredGMbusinwhichtheincidentoccurred,isstruckbythedocuments.“Thereisnothingthatmakesthiseventlookextraordinary,”hesays.“Itisbeingtreatedasatypicalviolenceoffenseofthecitycode.Infact,thatisexactlywhatitwas.”Yet,whilepolicedealtwiththesituationjustlikeanyothernoiseprotestsonthecity'ssegregated(种族隔离)buses,Parks,herlawyersandNAACPleadersorganized.“WithintheAfricanAmericancommunity,itisseenasanopportunityforprogresstobemade,forattentionandpressuretobebroughttobearonthewhitepowerstructure,”saysPretzer.Parks'actofdisobedienceinspiredtheMontgomeryBusBoycott,throughwhichMartinLutherKing,Jr.becameknownasacivilrightsleader.Theboycottlasted381days,andonthe382ndday,backedbyaSupremeCourtruling,thecity'sbuseswereofficiallycombined.ByPretzer'sdefinition,Parksisahistorymaker.“Historymakersarethosethatsensethemoment,”hesays.WhywasRosaParksarrested?()[单选题]*Shedidn'tgiveherseattoapassenger.Shebrokethecity'ssegregationlaw.(正确答案)SheledtheMontgomeryBusBoycott.Sheoffendedtheauthorityofthepolice.RosaParkscanbedescribedas.()[单选题]*ahistorydocumentmakeramovementleaderabravemotheracivilrightspioneer(正确答案)Whatisthetextmainlyabout?()[单选题]*TheactofRosaParksgaverisetoamovement.(正确答案)Pretzerwitnessedtheoutbreakofthebusboycott.TheMontgomeryprotestendedthesegregationlaw.MartinLutherKingledthecivilrightmovement.BHundredsofthousandsofhearing-impairedpeopleintheUnitedStatesrelyonAmericansignlanguageforcommunication.Butpopularasitis,therearemillionsofpeoplewithnormalhearingthatareunabletofigureoutthehandandfingergestures.Thatmaychangesoonthankstotheclever“SignAloud”glovethattransformssignlanguageintospeech.TheglovesarethebrainchildofThomasandAzodi.Theinventorsarefirmbelieversthattheabilitytocommunicateisafundamentalhumanrightandthatthoseunabletohearorspeak,faceasignificantdisadvantageinlife.Butthoughtherehavebeenmanyattemptstobridgethecommunicationsgap,thesolutionsaresimplytooawkwardtobeoperatedonalargescale.ThelightweightandcomfortableSignAloudgloveisequippedwithaseriesofsensorsthatmeasurethemovementandpositionofthehandsasapersonissigning.ABluetoothdevicesendstheinformationtoacomputer,whichtriestomatchthegesturewithaoneinitsdatabase.Assoonastheexactmatchislocated,it“speaks”therelevantwordsorphrasethroughaspeaker.Thoughstillinprototypephase(原型阶段),theglovesseemtohaveimpressedeventheexperts.OnApril12,itwontheinventorstheoutstandingStudentPrize.FoundedbyMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyin1994,theawardthatcomeswitha$10,000USDcashprize,celebratescollegiatestudentswhoseinventionshavethepotentialtoimpactkeyareasoftheglobaleconomy.Universitystudentscansubmitentriesinoneoffourcategories:“Cureit!”,“Driveit!”,“Eatit!”or“Useit!.”PryorandAzodiwontophonorsinthe"Useit"categorywhichrecognizestechnologybasedinventionsthathavethepotentialtoimproveconsumerproducts.Inadditiontousingtheglovetoenablethehearingimpairedtocommunicatemoreefficiently,theinventorsfancyseveralothercommercialapplications.TheseincludeusingthemtoteachASLlanguageaswellasforcommunicatingwithpatientsrecoveringfromweakeningillnesses.WhydidtheinventorsseeaneedfortheSignAloudglove?()[单选题]*TodayhundredsofthousandsofpeopleintheUnitedStatesarehearing-impaired.ManypeoplewithgoodhearinghavedifficultyinlearningAmericansignlanguage.Thehearing-impairedandthosewithnormalhearinghaveacommunicationbarrier.(正确答案)Thereisanurgentneedtochangethemedicalconditionsofthehearing-impaired.InParagraph3,theauthortriestotellus.()[单选题]*howtheSignAloudgloveworks(正确答案)wheretheSignAloudgloveisplacedwhytheSignAloudglovewearseasilywhattheSignAloudgloveismadeupofItcanbeinferredfromthetextthat.()[单选题]*theinventionisunfittouseonalargescalebecauseofitscostthosesubmittingentriescanwintheoutstandingstudentprizehearing-impairmentwillbecuredverysoonwiththeinventionthetwostudentsexpecttheirinventiontocomeontothemarket(正确答案)CWhenwelookatalovelybaby,apuppyorarallycutekittenmanyofuswanttosqueezeit.Whyisthat?AccordingtoastudypublishedinthejournalFrontiersinBehavioralNeuroscience,it'satypicalexperienceof“cuteaggression”.Theexperienceresultsfromthefightbetweenthebrain's“emotionsystem”,whichimpels(驱使)peopletosqueezecutethings,andits“rewardsystem”whichdealswithfeelingsof“wanting”.Inthestudy,54participantsbetweentheagesof18and40werepresentedwithfourgroupsofphotos.Twoofthegroupsofphotoswereofcutehumanbabiesandanimalsandtheothertwowereoflessadorableadulthumansandanimals.Astheparticipantslookedatthephotos,theresearcherswatchedtheirbrainactivities.Accordingtotheresearchers,theparticipantsrewardsystemswerefoundtobeactiveastheylookedatthecutebabies,andtheyseemedtobeoverwhelmed(征服的).Bycontrast,therewardsystemsofthepeoplelookingatthelesscuteadultswerefoundtobeinactive,andtheyseemedtobelessimpelledbytheirrewardsystems.Thissuggeststhatcutethingsactivatetheiremotionsystemsinsuchawaythatpeopleareoverwhelmedbytheexperienceofcuteness.Butrewardsystemsworkagainsttheseemotionsbycreatingthedesiretoprotectcutethings.AsKatherineStavropoulos,theleadresearcherofthisstudyattheUniversityofCaliforniaintheUStoldScienceAlert,“Thecuteaggressionisthebrain'swayof‘bringingusbackdown'bybalancingourfeelingsofbeingoverwhelmed.”Stavropouloscomparedthisprocessofbalancingtoanevolutionaryadaptation.Suchanadaptationmayhavetakenplacetoensurethatpeopleareabletocontinuetakingcareofcreaturestheyconsiderparticularlycute.So,althoughcutebabiesandadorableanimalsmaylookcompletelyhelpless,theirvulnerable(易受伤害的)appearancemayinfacthelpthemtosurvive.Accordingtothetext,“cuteaggression”refersto.()[单选题]*theemotionofwantingtoprotectcutethingsthetaskofemotionsystemandrewardsystemtheadaptationofconsistentlytakingcareofcutecreaturesthebehaviorofsqueezingacutebabyoranimalwhenseeingit(正确答案)Innature,“cuteaggression”iscausedby.()[单选题]*theneedofthebraintobalanceallfeelingsthephotosofcutehumanbabiesandanimalsthevulnerableappearanceofbabiesoranimalstheconflictbetweenemotionsystemandrewardsystem(正确答案)WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthestudyisTRUE?()[单选题]*Facialexpressionsoftheparticipantswereobserved.KatherineStavropoulosconductedthisstudyonherown.Cutebabiesandanimalsaffectedbrainactivitiesofalltheparticipants.(正确答案)Theparticipantsweredividedintotwogroupsinordertomakecomparison.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthistext?()[单选题]*Topersuadereaderstoprotectcuteanimals.Tostressthesignificanceofcuteaggression.Topresentresearchfindingsoncuteaggression.(正确答案)Toshareaninterestingphenomenonwithreaders根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空自处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoPlanaHolidayTrip31Whetherit'stograndma'shouse,afamilyreunionorsimplyaholidaygetaway,theseyearlyroadtripscanoftenbethesourceofdreadandstress.Thethoughtofbeingtrappedinthecarwithrestlesschildrenorthepossibilityofcartroublealongthewayisenoughtomakeanyoneconsiderstayinghome.32Planouttherouteforyourcartrip.Ifyou'replanningondrivingtoyourholidaydestination,alittleplanningcanhelpmakeyourtripeasyanduneventful.33Remember,it'slikelythatyouwon'tbetheonlypersonontheroadduringtheholidays,andtrafficisalwaysafactor.Alternateroutesorshortcutscanhelpreducetimespentintrafficjamsandgetyoutoyourdestinationsooner.Thisinformationcanalsocomeinhandyincaseofroadconstructionorothersituationsthatmightblockyourprimaryroute.34Althoughtravelingbyaircanbequickandconvenient,itcanalsobemuchmoreexpensive.Startplanningyourtripearlytotakeadvantageofadvancepurchasediscountsandavoidsoldoutflights.Manyairlinesbecomeextremelybusyduringtheholidayssobookinginadvancecanalsohelpensurethatyougettheflightsthatyouwant.HightrafficdestinationssuchasNewYork,LosAngelesorAtlantacanbeextremelycrowdedduringtheholidays.Ifyouhavetheoption,considerbookingyourflighttoanearbyairportandrentingacarfortheshortdrivetoyourdestination.Consideryourluggageneeds.Ifyou'retravelingbycar,theissueofluggageisonlyimportantwithregardstotheamountofroomneeded.Beforeyoubeginpacking,thinkabouthowmanypeoplewillbeinyourvehicleandhowmuchroomtheywillneedtotravelcomfortably.Thiscouldaffectthenumberofbagsthatyoucantakealong.35Notonlyisthepossibilityoflostluggageanissue,butmostairlinesnowchargeextraforcheckedbaggage.Forafamilyoffour,carryingafewbagseachcouldresultinseveralhundreddollarsworthofbaggagefeesduringyourtrip.Trytopackaslightlyaspossible.()[单选题]*Asanalternativetodrivingorflying,checkintothepossibilityoftravelingbytrain.Planyourtriptoavoidpeaktraveltimes.Luckily,withalittleplanning,thesesituationscanbeavoided.Bookairlinetickets.Eachyear,millionsofpeopleloadupthefamilycarandsetoutonaholidaytrip,(正确答案)Fortravelingbyair,thenumberofbagsthatyoutakeisamuchbiggerconcern.Consideryourstartingpointanddesireddestination,andinvestigateseveralpossibleroutes.()[单选题]*Asanalternativetodrivingorflying,checkintothepossibilityoftravelingbytrain.Planyourtriptoavoidpeaktraveltimes.Luckily,withalittleplanning,thesesituationscanbeavoided.(正确答案)Bookairlinetickets.Eachyear,millionsofpeopleloadupthefamilycarandsetoutonaholidaytrip,Fortravelingbyair,thenumberofbagsthatyoutakeisamuchbiggerconcern.Consideryourstartingpointanddesireddestination,andinvestigateseveralpossibleroutes.()[单选题]*Asanalternativetodrivingorflying,checkintothepossibilityoftravelingbytrain.Planyourtriptoavoidpeaktraveltimes.Luckily,withalittleplanning,thesesituationscanbeavoided.Bookairlinetickets.Eachyear,millionsofpeopleloadupthefamilycarandsetoutonaholidaytrip,Fortravelingbyair,thenumberofbagsthatyoutakeisamuchbiggerconcern.Consideryourstartingpointanddesireddestination,andinvestigateseveralpossibleroutes.(正确答案)()[单选题]*Asanalternativetodrivingorflying,checkintothepossibilityoftravelingbytrain.Planyourtriptoavoidpeaktraveltimes.Luckily,withalittleplanning,thesesituationscanbeavoided.Bookairlinetickets.(正确答案)Eachyear,millionsofpeopleloadupthefamilycarandsetoutonaholidaytrip,Fortravelingbyair,thenumberofbagsthatyoutakeisamuchbiggerconcern.Consideryourstartingpointanddesireddestination,andinvestigateseveralpossibleroutes.()[单选题]*Asanalternativetodrivingorflying,checkintothepossibilityoftravelingbytrain.Planyourtriptoavoidpeaktraveltimes.Luckily,withalittleplanning,thesesituationscanbeavoided.Bookairlinetickets.Eachyear,millionsofpeopleloadupthefamilycarandsetoutonaholidaytrip,Fortravelingbyair,thenumberofbagsthatyoutakeisamuchbiggerconcern.(正确答案)Consideryourstartingpointanddesireddestination,andinvestigateseveralpossibleroutes.完形填空Attitudeisn'qtuiteeverythingwhenitcomestobeingsuccessful,butattitudeplaysapartineverystageofyourlife.Apoorattitudegetsmorepeople36thananyothersinglefactor,andagoodattitudegetspeoplejobsandhelpsthem37thosejobsmorethananyotherfactor.Yourattitude38manypeople,fromyourfamilytothestrangeronthestreetcorner.Yourattitudeisparticularlyimportantwhenyou39seeminglyhopelesssituations.Losingajoborafriendbecauseofapoorattitudeis40.Youcanfindatleasttwo41tolookateverything.Apessimistlooksfordifficultyintheopportunity,whileanoptimistlooksforopportunityinthedifficulty.Apoetoflongagoputthe42betweenoptimismandpessimismthisway:Twomen43outfromprisonbars---onesawmud;theothersawstars.Unfortunately,manypeoplelookonlyatthe44andnotattheopportunitythatlieswithintheproblem.Many45complainaboutthedifficultyoftheirjobs,forexample,notrealizingthatifthejobwere46,theemployerwouldhiresomeonewithlessabilityatalowerwage.Asmallcoincanhideeventhesunifyouholdthecoincloseenoughtoyour47.Sowhenyougettooclosetoyourproblems,to48objectivelyaboutthem,tryto49howyourvisioncanbe50.Takeastepback,andlookatthesituationfromanewangle.Youcan'tdoanythingtochangethefactthataproblem51,butyoucandoagreatdealtofindtheopportunitywithinthatproblem.You're52abettertomorrowbydoingyourbesttodayand53aplanofactionforthetomorrowsthatlieahead.54,justrememberto55apositivementalattitude.()[单选题]*hiredfired(正确答案)employedengaged答案解析:Bo差的态度会使人失去工作,而好的态度能使人得到工作。()[单选题]*offersupplykeep(正确答案)create答案解析:C。好的态度使人得到工作,并帮助他们保持他们的工作。()[单选题]*affects(正确答案)costsmakestrains答案解析:A。好的态度影响很多人。()[单选题]*losepredictjudgeface(正确答案)答案解析:D。当你面对表面上看来绝望的局面。()[单选题]*unfortunate(正确答案)unnecessaryinconvenientimpossible答案解析:A。由于态度差而失去工作或朋友是令人遗憾的()[单选题]*desiresways(正确答案)spiritssolutions答案解析:B。看任何事情你可能会找到至少两种方法。()[单选题]*importanceC.necessitysimilaritydifference(正确答案)答案解析:D。很久前的一位诗人曾用这种方法来阐述乐观主义和悲观主义之间的差异。()[单选题]*looked(正确答案)glaredcelebratedconcluded答案解析:Aolookout意为“往外看”。()[单选题]*everythingsituationproblem(正确答案)possibility答案解析:Co不幸的是很多人只看到问题本身。()[单选题]*employersemployees(正确答案)bossessecretaries答案解析:Bo很多员工抱怨他们工作的难度()[单选题]*simple(正确答案)toughdifficultinteresting答案解析:Ao没有意识到如果工作简单,老板就会雇佣其他人。()[单选题]*earnoseeye(正确答案)mouth答案解析:C。如果把一个硬币凑近眼睛。()[单选题]*worryignoreadmitthink(正确答案)答案解析:D。如果你太接近问题,为了客观地考虑问题,尽力记住你的视线(或想象)可能会被挡住。()[单选题]*keepinmind(正确答案)keepintouchgetridofdoawaywith答案解析:Ao同上。()[单选题]*observedblocked(正确答案)imagineddoubted答案解析:同上()[单选题]*appearsworksexists(正确答案)contains答案解析:Co你做不了任何事情来改变问题存在的事实()[单选题]*guaranteed(正确答案)persuadedsatisfiedconvinced答案解析:A。通过当下努力和制定明天的行动计划,你保证会有一个更好的明天。()[单选题]*strugglingdeveloping(正确答案)dreamingbalancing答案解析:Bo同上。()[单选题]*InthisrespectIncontrastInotherwordsInaword(正确答案)答案解析:D.总之,记住保持积极的精神状态。()[单选题]*consideramuseoccupymaintain(正确答案)答案解析:Do同上。阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Theworldoffashionseemsfarawayfromusmiddleschoolstudents.56.AyaDixon,15,wasluckyenoughtohaveaclose57.(connect)tothefashionindustrybeforeitfinallybecame58.dreamjob.OnOct8,togetherwithnineotherstudentsfromBaltimoreDesignSchool,US,Dixon59.(attend)theWhiteHouse'fsirsteverFashionEducationWorkshop.There,studentshadthechance60.(talk)withAnnaWintour,editor-in-chiefofthefashionmagazineVogue,andmanyotherfamousdesigners.60.(lead)byAmericanfirstladyMichelleObama,theworkshopfocusedontopicssuchasinspiration,wearabletechnologyandclothingconstruction.AccordingtoWhiteHouseofficials,thegoaloftheeventwasto“showyoungpeople62.ittakestosucceedinthefashionindustry.”“Fashionisnotjust63.catwalks(时装表演台)andredcarpets,”thefirstladytoldstudentsduringalunchtimespeech.Shesaidthatrealfashionistheproductofalong,complicatedanddifficultprocess,asshehaslearnedworkingwithmanydesigners.Likemany64.students,Dixonalsogotthechancetotalktoherdesigneridols.“Ihadareallyfuntime65.(interview)ZacPosen,”saidDixon.FromthefamousdesignerandfounderoffashionbrandZacPosen,Dixonlearnedhowtosewand“buildfromherheart”.[填空题]*(答案:But)[填空题](答案:connection)[填空题](答案:her)[填空题](答案:attended)[填空题](答案:totalk)[填空题](答案:Led)[填空题](答案:what)[填空题](答案:about)[填空题](答案:other)[填空题](答案:interviewing)写作(共两节,满分40分)第一节应用文写作(满分15分)假定你是学生会主席李华,学生会举办了英语戏剧节(EnglishDramaFestival),得到了外教MissBrown的大力帮助。活动圆满结束后,请给她写一封感谢信。内容包括:表达感谢;外教的帮助;同学的收获。注意:词数80左右;可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。[填空题]答案解析:DearMissBrown,I'mwritingtoexpressmysinceregratitudeforyourkindhelpintheschoolEnglishDramaFestival,whichhasturnedouttobeanamazingsuccess.It'ssoniceofyoutohaveofferedusaclassofpresentationskillsandbasicstagetechniques.Underyourprofessionalguidance,theparticipantsgavesuchanimpressiveperformance.Somestudentsovercamethefearofactinginfrontofaudienceandgainedtremendousconfidence.Othersdevelopedcommunicationskillsandknewhowtocooperateinateam.Mostimportantly,thisactivityhasfueledourpassionforEnglishdrama.Manythanksforyourtimeandsupport.Yours,第二节概要写作(满分25分)阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。WorkisaveryimportantpartoflifeintheUnitedStates.Whentheearlyimmigrantscametothiscountry,theybroughttheideathatworkwasthewaytoGodandheaven.ThisattitudestillinfluencesAmericatoday.Workisnotonlyimportantforthesalary,butalsoforsocialandpsychologicalworking,beingproductive.FormostAmericans,theyarewhattheydo.Whathap
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