中学高一英语练习十一

中学高一英语练习十阅读理解AWilliamPretzerwas5yearsoldwhenRosaParksofMontgomery,Alabama,wasarrested.ItwasDecember1,1955.The42-year-oldneedlewomanwasonacitybusonthewayhomeafteraday'swork,andsherefusedtogiveherseattoawhitepassenger.ThefullsignificanceoftheeventdidnotregisterwithPretzer,soyoungandlivingmorethan2,000milesawayinSacramento,California.Tobehonest,itwouldtaketimeformostpeopletogainenoughviewstoseetheprotest（抗议）forwhatitwas,thebeginningofthecivilrightsmovementintheUnitedStates,andParksasthemovement'sso-called“mother.”Evennow,ashelooksoverParks'policereportandfingerprints,Pretzer,whoworkedforDetroit'sHenryFordMuseumformorethan20years,andacquiretheretiredGMbusinwhichtheincidentoccurred,isstruckbythedocuments.“Thereisnothingthatmakesthiseventlookextraordinary,”hesays.“Itisbeingtreatedasatypicalviolenceoffenseofthecitycode.Infact,thatisexactlywhatitwas.”Yet,whilepolicedealtwiththesituationjustlikeanyothernoiseprotestsonthecity'ssegregated（种族隔离）buses,Parks,herlawyersandNAACPleadersorganized.“WithintheAfricanAmericancommunity,itisseenasanopportunityforprogresstobemade,forattentionandpressuretobebroughttobearonthewhitepowerstructure,”saysPretzer.Parks'actofdisobedienceinspiredtheMontgomeryBusBoycott,throughwhichMartinLutherKing,Jr.becameknownasacivilrightsleader.Theboycottlasted381days,andonthe382ndday,backedbyaSupremeCourtruling,thecity'sbuseswereofficiallycombined.ByPretzer'sdefinition,Parksisahistorymaker.“Historymakersarethosethatsensethemoment,”hesays.WhywasRosaParksarrested?（）［单选题］*Shedidn'tgiveherseattoapassenger.Shebrokethecity'ssegregationlaw.（正确答案）SheledtheMontgomeryBusBoycott.Sheoffendedtheauthorityofthepolice.RosaParkscanbedescribedas.（）［单选题］*ahistorydocumentmakeramovementleaderabravemotheracivilrightspioneer（正确答案）Whatisthetextmainlyabout?（）［单选题］*TheactofRosaParksgaverisetoamovement.（正确答案）Pretzerwitnessedtheoutbreakofthebusboycott.TheMontgomeryprotestendedthesegregationlaw.MartinLutherKingledthecivilrightmovement.BHundredsofthousandsofhearing-impairedpeopleintheUnitedStatesrelyonAmericansignlanguageforcommunication.Butpopularasitis,therearemillionsofpeoplewithnormalhearingthatareunabletofigureoutthehandandfingergestures.Thatmaychangesoonthankstotheclever“SignAloud”glovethattransformssignlanguageintospeech.TheglovesarethebrainchildofThomasandAzodi.Theinventorsarefirmbelieversthattheabilitytocommunicateisafundamentalhumanrightandthatthoseunabletohearorspeak,faceasignificantdisadvantageinlife.Butthoughtherehavebeenmanyattemptstobridgethecommunicationsgap,thesolutionsaresimplytooawkwardtobeoperatedonalargescale.ThelightweightandcomfortableSignAloudgloveisequippedwithaseriesofsensorsthatmeasurethemovementandpositionofthehandsasapersonissigning.ABluetoothdevicesendstheinformationtoacomputer,whichtriestomatchthegesturewithaoneinitsdatabase.Assoonastheexactmatchislocated,it“speaks”therelevantwordsorphrasethroughaspeaker.Thoughstillinprototypephase（原型阶段），theglovesseemtohaveimpressedeventheexperts.OnApril12,itwontheinventorstheoutstandingStudentPrize.FoundedbyMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyin1994，theawardthatcomeswitha$10，000USDcashprize，celebratescollegiatestudentswhoseinventionshavethepotentialtoimpactkeyareasoftheglobaleconomy.Universitystudentscansubmitentriesinoneoffourcategories:“Cureit!”,“Driveit!”,“Eatit!”or“Useit!.”PryorandAzodiwontophonorsinthe"Useit"categorywhichrecognizestechnologybasedinventionsthathavethepotentialtoimproveconsumerproducts.Inadditiontousingtheglovetoenablethehearingimpairedtocommunicatemoreefficiently，theinventorsfancyseveralothercommercialapplications.TheseincludeusingthemtoteachASLlanguageaswellasforcommunicatingwithpatientsrecoveringfromweakeningillnesses.WhydidtheinventorsseeaneedfortheSignAloudglove?（）［单选题］*TodayhundredsofthousandsofpeopleintheUnitedStatesarehearing-impaired.ManypeoplewithgoodhearinghavedifficultyinlearningAmericansignlanguage.Thehearing-impairedandthosewithnormalhearinghaveacommunicationbarrier.（正确答案）Thereisanurgentneedtochangethemedicalconditionsofthehearing-impaired.InParagraph3，theauthortriestotellus.（）［单选题］*howtheSignAloudgloveworks（正确答案）wheretheSignAloudgloveisplacedwhytheSignAloudglovewearseasilywhattheSignAloudgloveismadeupofItcanbeinferredfromthetextthat.（）［单选题］*theinventionisunfittouseonalargescalebecauseofitscostthosesubmittingentriescanwintheoutstandingstudentprizehearing-impairmentwillbecuredverysoonwiththeinventionthetwostudentsexpecttheirinventiontocomeontothemarket（正确答案）CWhenwelookatalovelybaby,apuppyorarallycutekittenmanyofuswanttosqueezeit.Whyisthat?AccordingtoastudypublishedinthejournalFrontiersinBehavioralNeuroscience,it'satypicalexperienceof“cuteaggression”.Theexperienceresultsfromthefightbetweenthebrain's“emotionsystem”,whichimpels（驱使）peopletosqueezecutethings,andits“rewardsystem”whichdealswithfeelingsof“wanting”.Inthestudy,54participantsbetweentheagesof18and40werepresentedwithfourgroupsofphotos.Twoofthegroupsofphotoswereofcutehumanbabiesandanimalsandtheothertwowereoflessadorableadulthumansandanimals.Astheparticipantslookedatthephotos,theresearcherswatchedtheirbrainactivities.Accordingtotheresearchers,theparticipantsrewardsystemswerefoundtobeactiveastheylookedatthecutebabies,andtheyseemedtobeoverwhelmed（征服的）.Bycontrast,therewardsystemsofthepeoplelookingatthelesscuteadultswerefoundtobeinactive,andtheyseemedtobelessimpelledbytheirrewardsystems.Thissuggeststhatcutethingsactivatetheiremotionsystemsinsuchawaythatpeopleareoverwhelmedbytheexperienceofcuteness.Butrewardsystemsworkagainsttheseemotionsbycreatingthedesiretoprotectcutethings.AsKatherineStavropoulos,theleadresearcherofthisstudyattheUniversityofCaliforniaintheUStoldScienceAlert,“Thecuteaggressionisthebrain'swayof‘bringingusbackdown'bybalancingourfeelingsofbeingoverwhelmed.”Stavropouloscomparedthisprocessofbalancingtoanevolutionaryadaptation.Suchanadaptationmayhavetakenplacetoensurethatpeopleareabletocontinuetakingcareofcreaturestheyconsiderparticularlycute.So,althoughcutebabiesandadorableanimalsmaylookcompletelyhelpless,theirvulnerable（易受伤害的）appearancemayinfacthelpthemtosurvive.Accordingtothetext,“cuteaggression”refersto.（）［单选题］*theemotionofwantingtoprotectcutethingsthetaskofemotionsystemandrewardsystemtheadaptationofconsistentlytakingcareofcutecreaturesthebehaviorofsqueezingacutebabyoranimalwhenseeingit（正确答案）Innature,“cuteaggression”iscausedby.（）［单选题］*theneedofthebraintobalanceallfeelingsthephotosofcutehumanbabiesandanimalsthevulnerableappearanceofbabiesoranimalstheconflictbetweenemotionsystemandrewardsystem（正确答案）WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthestudyisTRUE?（）［单选题］*Facialexpressionsoftheparticipantswereobserved.KatherineStavropoulosconductedthisstudyonherown.Cutebabiesandanimalsaffectedbrainactivitiesofalltheparticipants.（正确答案）Theparticipantsweredividedintotwogroupsinordertomakecomparison.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthistext?（）［单选题］*Topersuadereaderstoprotectcuteanimals.Tostressthesignificanceofcuteaggression.Topresentresearchfindingsoncuteaggression.（正确答案）Toshareaninterestingphenomenonwithreaders根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空自处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoPlanaHolidayTrip31Whetherit'stograndma'shouse,afamilyreunionorsimplyaholidaygetaway,theseyearlyroadtripscanoftenbethesourceofdreadandstress.Thethoughtofbeingtrappedinthecarwithrestlesschildrenorthepossibilityofcartroublealongthewayisenoughtomakeanyoneconsiderstayinghome.32Planouttherouteforyourcartrip.Ifyou'replanningondrivingtoyourholidaydestination,alittleplanningcanhelpmakeyourtripeasyanduneventful.33Remember,it'slikelythatyouwon'tbetheonlypersonontheroadduringtheholidays,andtrafficisalwaysafactor.Alternateroutesorshortcutscanhelpreducetimespentintrafficjamsandgetyoutoyourdestinationsooner.Thisinformationcanalsocomeinhandyincaseofroadconstructionorothersituationsthatmightblockyourprimaryroute.34Althoughtravelingbyaircanbequickandconvenient,itcanalsobemuchmoreexpensive.Startplanningyourtripearlytotakeadvantageofadvancepurchasediscountsandavoidsoldoutflights.Manyairlinesbecomeextremelybusyduringtheholidayssobookinginadvancecanalsohelpensurethatyougettheflightsthatyouwant.HightrafficdestinationssuchasNewYork,LosAngelesorAtlantacanbeextremelycrowdedduringtheholidays.Ifyouhavetheoption,considerbookingyourflighttoanearbyairportandrentingacarfortheshortdrivetoyourdestination.Consideryourluggageneeds.Ifyou'retravelingbycar,theissueofluggageisonlyimportantwithregardstotheamountofroomneeded.Beforeyoubeginpacking,thinkabouthowmanypeoplewillbeinyourvehicleandhowmuchroomtheywillneedtotravelcomfortably.Thiscouldaffectthenumberofbagsthatyoucantakealong.35Notonlyisthepossibilityoflostluggageanissue,butmostairlinesnowchargeextraforcheckedbaggage.Forafamilyoffour,carryingafewbagseachcouldresultinseveralhundreddollarsworthofbaggagefeesduringyourtrip.Trytopackaslightlyaspossible.（）［单选题］*Asanalternativetodrivingorflying,checkintothepossibilityoftravelingbytrain.Planyourtriptoavoidpeaktraveltimes.Luckily,withalittleplanning,thesesituationscanbeavoided.Bookairlinetickets.Eachyear,millionsofpeopleloadupthefamilycarandsetoutonaholidaytrip,（正确答案）Fortravelingbyair,thenumberofbagsthatyoutakeisamuchbiggerconcern.Consideryourstartingpointanddesireddestination,andinvestigateseveralpossibleroutes.（）［单选题］*Asanalternativetodrivingorflying,checkintothepossibilityoftravelingbytrain.Planyourtriptoavoidpeaktraveltimes.Luckily,withalittleplanning,thesesituationscanbeavoided.（正确答案）Bookairlinetickets.Eachyear,millionsofpeopleloadupthefamilycarandsetoutonaholidaytrip,Fortravelingbyair,thenumberofbagsthatyoutakeisamuchbiggerconcern.Consideryourstartingpointanddesireddestination,andinvestigateseveralpossibleroutes.（）［单选题］*Asanalternativetodrivingorflying,checkintothepossibilityoftravelingbytrain.Planyourtriptoavoidpeaktraveltimes.Luckily,withalittleplanning,thesesituationscanbeavoided.Bookairlinetickets.Eachyear,millionsofpeopleloadupthefamilycarandsetoutonaholidaytrip,Fortravelingbyair,thenumberofbagsthatyoutakeisamuchbiggerconcern.Consideryourstartingpointanddesireddestination,andinvestigateseveralpossibleroutes.（正确答案）（）［单选题］*Asanalternativetodrivingorflying,checkintothepossibilityoftravelingbytrain.Planyourtriptoavoidpeaktraveltimes.Luckily,withalittleplanning,thesesituationscanbeavoided.Bookairlinetickets.（正确答案）Eachyear,millionsofpeopleloadupthefamilycarandsetoutonaholidaytrip,Fortravelingbyair,thenumberofbagsthatyoutakeisamuchbiggerconcern.Consideryourstartingpointanddesireddestination,andinvestigateseveralpossibleroutes.（）［单选题］*Asanalternativetodrivingorflying,checkintothepossibilityoftravelingbytrain.Planyourtriptoavoidpeaktraveltimes.Luckily,withalittleplanning,thesesituationscanbeavoided.Bookairlinetickets.Eachyear,millionsofpeopleloadupthefamilycarandsetoutonaholidaytrip,Fortravelingbyair,thenumberofbagsthatyoutakeisamuchbiggerconcern.（正确答案）Consideryourstartingpointanddesireddestination,andinvestigateseveralpossibleroutes.完形填空Attitudeisn'qtuiteeverythingwhenitcomestobeingsuccessful,butattitudeplaysapartineverystageofyourlife.Apoorattitudegetsmorepeople36thananyothersinglefactor,andagoodattitudegetspeoplejobsandhelpsthem37thosejobsmorethananyotherfactor.Yourattitude38manypeople,fromyourfamilytothestrangeronthestreetcorner.Yourattitudeisparticularlyimportantwhenyou39seeminglyhopelesssituations.Losingajoborafriendbecauseofapoorattitudeis40.Youcanfindatleasttwo41tolookateverything.Apessimistlooksfordifficultyintheopportunity,whileanoptimistlooksforopportunityinthedifficulty.Apoetoflongagoputthe42betweenoptimismandpessimismthisway:Twomen43outfromprisonbars---onesawmud;theothersawstars.Unfortunately,manypeoplelookonlyatthe44andnotattheopportunitythatlieswithintheproblem.Many45complainaboutthedifficultyoftheirjobs,forexample,notrealizingthatifthejobwere46,theemployerwouldhiresomeonewithlessabilityatalowerwage.Asmallcoincanhideeventhesunifyouholdthecoincloseenoughtoyour47.Sowhenyougettooclosetoyourproblems,to48objectivelyaboutthem,tryto49howyourvisioncanbe50.Takeastepback,andlookatthesituationfromanewangle.Youcan'tdoanythingtochangethefactthataproblem51,butyoucandoagreatdealtofindtheopportunitywithinthatproblem.You're52abettertomorrowbydoingyourbesttodayand53aplanofactionforthetomorrowsthatlieahead.54,justrememberto55apositivementalattitude.（）［单选题］*hiredfired（正确答案）employedengaged答案解析:Bo差的态度会使人失去工作，而好的态度能使人得到工作。（）［单选题］*offersupplykeep（正确答案）create答案解析：C。好的态度使人得到工作，并帮助他们保持他们的工作。（）［单选题］*affects（正确答案）costsmakestrains答案解析:A。好的态度影响很多人。（）［单选题］*losepredictjudgeface（正确答案）答案解析:D。当你面对表面上看来绝望的局面。（）［单选题］*unfortunate（正确答案）unnecessaryinconvenientimpossible答案解析:A。由于态度差而失去工作或朋友是令人遗憾的（）［单选题］*desiresways（正确答案）spiritssolutions答案解析:B。看任何事情你可能会找到至少两种方法。（）［单选题］*importanceC.necessitysimilaritydifference（正确答案）答案解析:D。很久前的一位诗人曾用这种方法来阐述乐观主义和悲观主义之间的差异。（）［单选题］*looked（正确答案）glaredcelebratedconcluded答案解析:Aolookout意为“往外看”。（）［单选题］*everythingsituationproblem（正确答案）possibility答案解析:Co不幸的是很多人只看到问题本身。（）［单选题］*employersemployees（正确答案）bossessecretaries答案解析:Bo很多员工抱怨他们工作的难度（）［单选题］*simple（正确答案）toughdifficultinteresting答案解析:Ao没有意识到如果工作简单，老板就会雇佣其他人。（）［单选题］*earnoseeye（正确答案）mouth答案解析:C。如果把一个硬币凑近眼睛。（）［单选题］*worryignoreadmitthink（正确答案）答案解析:D。如果你太接近问题，为了客观地考虑问题，尽力记住你的视线（或想象）可能会被挡住。（）［单选题］*keepinmind（正确答案）keepintouchgetridofdoawaywith答案解析:Ao同上。（）［单选题］*observedblocked（正确答案）imagineddoubted答案解析:同上（）［单选题］*appearsworksexists（正确答案）contains答案解析:Co你做不了任何事情来改变问题存在的事实（）［单选题］*guaranteed（正确答案）persuadedsatisfiedconvinced答案解析:A。通过当下努力和制定明天的行动计划，你保证会有一个更好的明天。（）［单选题］*strugglingdeveloping（正确答案）dreamingbalancing答案解析:Bo同上。（）［单选题］*InthisrespectIncontrastInotherwordsInaword（正确答案）答案解析:D.总之，记住保持积极的精神状态。（）［单选题］*consideramuseoccupymaintain（正确答案）答案解析:Do同上。阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Theworldoffashionseemsfarawayfromusmiddleschoolstudents.56.AyaDixon,15,wasluckyenoughtohaveaclose57.（connect）tothefashionindustrybeforeitfinallybecame58.dreamjob.OnOct8,togetherwithnineotherstudentsfromBaltimoreDesignSchool,US,Dixon59.（attend）theWhiteHouse'fsirsteverFashionEducationWorkshop.There,studentshadthechance60.（talk）withAnnaWintour,editor-in-chiefofthefashionmagazineVogue,andmanyotherfamousdesigners.60.（lead）byAmericanfirstladyMichelleObama,theworkshopfocusedontopicssuchasinspiration,wearabletechnologyandclothingconstruction.AccordingtoWhiteHouseofficials,thegoaloftheeventwasto“showyoungpeople62.ittakestosucceedinthefashionindustry.”“Fashionisnotjust63.catwalks（时装表演台）andredcarpets,”thefirstladytoldstudentsduringalunchtimespeech.Shesaidthatrealfashionistheproductofalong,complicatedanddifficultprocess,asshehaslearnedworkingwithmanydesigners.Likemany64.students,Dixonalsogotthechancetotalktoherdesigneridols.“Ihadareallyfuntime65.（interview）ZacPosen,”saidDixon.FromthefamousdesignerandfounderoffashionbrandZacPosen,Dixonlearnedhowtosewand“buildfromherheart”.［填空题］*（答案：But）［填空题］（答案：connection）［填空题］（答案：her）［填空题］（答案：attended）［填空题］（答案：totalk）［填空题］（答案：Led）［填空题］（答案：what）［填空题］（答案：about）［填空题］（答案：other）［填空题］（答案：interviewing）写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节应用文写作（满分15分）假定你是学生会主席李华，学生会举办了英语戏剧节（EnglishDramaFestival），得到了外教MissBrown的大力帮助。活动圆满结束后，请给她写一封感谢信。内容包括：表达感谢；外教的帮助；同学的收获。注意：词数80左右;可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。［填空题］答案解析：DearMissBrown,I'mwritingtoexpressmysinceregratitudeforyourkindhelpintheschoolEnglishDramaFestival,whichhasturnedouttobeanamazingsuccess.It'ssoniceofyoutohaveofferedusaclassofpresentationskillsandbasicstagetechniques.Underyourprofessionalguidance,theparticipantsgavesuchanimpressiveperformance.Somestudentsovercamethefearofactinginfrontofaudienceandgainedtremendousconfidence.Othersdevelopedcommunicationskillsandknewhowtocooperateinateam.Mostimportantly,thisactivityhasfueledourpassionforEnglishdrama.Manythanksforyourtimeandsupport.Yours,第二节概要写作（满分25分）阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。WorkisaveryimportantpartoflifeintheUnitedStates.Whentheearlyimmigrantscametothiscountry,theybroughttheideathatworkwasthewaytoGodandheaven.ThisattitudestillinfluencesAmericatoday.Workisnotonlyimportantforthesalary,butalsoforsocialandpsychologicalworking,beingproductive.FormostAmericans,theyarewhattheydo.Whathap