英语名师讲练大一轮复习人教版核心素养测评二十三必修5Unit3Lifeinthefuture

温馨提示：此套题为Word版，请按住Ctrl,滑动鼠标滚轴，调节合适的观看比例，答案解析附后。关闭Word文档返回原板块。核心素养测评二十三必修5Unit3Lifeinthefuture(限时35分钟)Ⅰ.阅读理解ASlowlybutsurely,we’removingcloserandcloserto5Gworld.Fromsmarthomesecuritytoselfdrivingcars,alltheInternetconnecteddevicesinyourlifewillbeabletotalktoeachotheratlightningfastspeedswithreduceddelay.Objectivelyspeaking,thefastest4GdownloadspeedsintheU.S.topoutatanaverageof19.42Mbps.Butbyparison5Gpromisesgigabit(千兆)speeds.“5Gisoneofthosesigns,alongwithartificialintelligence,ofthisingdataage,”saidSteveKoenig,seniordirectorofmarketresearchfortheConsumerTechnologyAssociation.“Theselfdrivingvehicleisagreatemblemofthisdataage,andthatistosay,itisasignoftime,becausewithonesingletask,driving,youhavemassiveamountsofdataingfromthevehicleitself,andavarietyofsensorsarecollectingalotofinformationtomodelitsenvironmentasitmoves.It’spullingindatafromothervehiclesaboutroadconditionsdownthelane.Itcouldbeweatherinformation,butalsoconnectedinfrastructure(基础设施)construction.There’slotsofdatabehindthattask,whichiswhyweneedhighspeed.Augmentedrealityglassesandvirtualheadsethaven’tyetbrokenthemainstream,buttechpaniesarejoyfullybettingthatthesedeviceswilleventuallyreplaceoursmartphones.With5G,thatcouldactuallyhappen.ThisisnotablebecausepaniessuchasApplearereportedlydevelopingARglassestoassist—orperhapsevenreplace—smartphones.EricssonstatedatFebruary’sMobileWorldCongresshowsmartglassescouldbeefasterandlighterwitha5Gconnection,becauseinsteadofbeingweigheddownwithponents,theglassescouldrelyonhardwareforprocessingpower.Butdon’tgettooexcited.There’sstillalotofworktobedoneinthemeantimeincludingvarioustrialstomakesuretheradiosplaynicelywithhardwareandinfrastructureconstructionso5Gisn’tconcentratedonlyinbigcities.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述是,我们离5G世界越来越近了。1.WhatdoestheauthorwanttostressinParagraph1?A.Thelightningfastspeedof5G.B.Theexpectationof5Gworld.C.Thedifferencebetween4Gand5G.D.TheInternetconnecteddevicesinourlife.【解析】选A。段落大意题。根据第一段atlightningfastspeedswithreduceddelay和byparison5Gpromisesgigabitspeeds可知,作者在第一段想强调5G速度快。故选A。2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“emblem”inParagraph2mean?A.Exhibition. B.Success.C.Symbol. D.Explanation.【解析】选C。词义猜测题。根据第二段中andthatistosay,itisasignoftime“也就是说,这是时间的标志,”可知,画线词的意思是“标志,象征”。故选C。3.Wecaninferfromthetextthat______.

A.5Gworldwon’tewithoutARglassesB.5GhelpstocreatetheartificialintelligencevehicleC.ApplepanyisdevelopingARglassesworldwideD.Techpanieswillfacethefactthatsmartphonesmaybereplaced【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第三段中ThisisnotablebecausepaniessuchasApplearereportedlydevelopingARglassestoassist—orperhapsevenreplace—smartphones.可知苹果(Apple)等公司正在发展AR眼镜,以帮助甚至取代智能。我们可以从文中推断,科技公司将面临智能可能被取代的事实。故选D。4.Whatwilltheauthorprobablytellusnext?A.Howtofullyexpand5Gcoverage.B.Smartglasseswillbeefasterandlighter.C.Why5Gisn’tconcentratedinbigcities.D.Theimportanceofinfrastructureconstruction.【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据最后一段Butdon’tgettooexcited.There’sstillalotofworktobedoneinthemeantime,includingvarioustrialstomakesuretheradiosplaynicelywithhardwareandinfrastructureconstructionso5Gisn’tconcentratedonlyinbigcities.“但是不要太激动。与此同时,仍有很多工作要做,包括各种试验,以确保无线电能很好地配合硬件和基础设施建设,这样5G就不会只集中在大城市。”可知,作者接下来可能会告诉我们“如何全面扩大5G覆盖。”故选A。【知识拓展】佳词积累1.massiveadj.巨大的2.virtualadj.虚拟的3.notableadj.显著的4.ponentn.组成成分长难句分析There’sstillalotofworktobedoneinthemeantime,includingvarioustrialstomakesuretheradiosplaynicelywithhardwareandinfrastructureconstructionso5Gisn’tconcentratedonlyinbigcities.分析:本句是一个复合句。tomakesure...作目的状语,其中sure后面是宾语从句,so“为的是”,引导目的状语从句。译文:与此同时,仍有很多工作要做,包括各种试验,以确保无线电能很好地配合硬件和基础设施建设,这样5G就不会只集中在大城市。B导学号We’veheardofrobotsandAI(ArtificialIntelligence)takinghumanjobs,butIbetmayors(市长)don’treallythinktheirjobscanbethreatenedanytimesoon.Theywerewrong,andtheAIrunningforthemayorofaTokyodistrictwasclearproofofthat.AIcan’tlegallyrunforhighrankingpublicmanagementpositionsyet,butonemayoralcandidatefromTamaCity,Tokyo,intendedtomaximizetheuseofartificialintelligenceinrunningcityaffairs.Hewasrunninghiscampaignas“AIMayor”.Basically,hewassuggestingreplacinghumanpublicofficialswithAIandhavingthemcollectcitydataandcreatefairandbalancedpoliciesthatwillbenefiteveryone.“Forthefirsttimeintheworld,AIwillruninanelection,”humancandidateMichihitoMatsudaannouncedonTwitter.“ArtificialIntelligencewillchangeTomaCity.WiththebirthofanAIMayor,wewillconductbalancedpolicies.”TheAIMayorwascampaigningverymuchlikeitshumanpetitors.PosterswereshownalloverTamaCityandcampaigntruckswereblaringout(大声鸣响)promisesofanAIutopia(乌托邦)andaskingforsupport.SomepeoplecalledMichihitoMatsuda’scampaignastunt(噱头),asahumanwouldstillbetheonelegallyincharge.However,otherssaidthattheywereexcitedaboutthefutureofAIrunningthingsinthebackground,addingthatithadtobeabetterchoice.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。我们听说过机器人和人工智能取代了人类的部分工作,可是它们竟然参与竞选东京某地的市长。5.What’stheadvantageoftheAImayoraccordingtoMichihitoMatsuda?A.MaximizingtheuseofAI.B.Replacinghumanofficials.C.Creatingbalancedpolicies.D.Bringinghimbeneficialeffects.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段Basically,hewassuggestingreplacinghumanpublicofficialswithAIandhavingthemcollectcitydataandcreatefairandbalancedpoliciesthatwillbenefiteveryone.可知,他认为,人工智能市长的优势在于收集城市数据,制定公平、平衡的政策,让每个人都受益,故选C。6.HowwillAIrunforthemayor?A.Itwillabolishmanyoldpolicies.B.ItwillaskforsupportontheInternet.C.Itwillmakepublicspeeches,dressedlikeahuman.D.Itwillpetesimilarlytohumanpetitors.【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第四段TheAIMayorwascampaigningverymuchlikeitshumanpetitors.PosterswereshownalloverTamaCityandcampaigntruckswereblaringoutpromisesofanAIutopiaandaskingforsupport.可知,人工智能市长的竞选活动的方式和人类竞争对手非常像,故选D。7.What’sthecitizens’attitudetowardMichihitoMatsuda’scampaign?A.TheybelieveAIwillwin.B.Allconsiderittobetricky.C.Itissupposedtobeafailuredefinitely.D.Somethinkit’sworthyofexpectation.【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据最后一段However,otherssaidthattheywereexcitedaboutthefutureofAIrunningthingsinthebackground,addingthatithadtobeabetterchoice.可知,有些人认为这是一个噱头,而有人认为这必定是个更好的选择,这是值得期待的,故选D。8.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.AIRunsfortheMayor.B.TheAdvantagesofAI.C.AIReplacesHumaninManagement.D.ThePatternsofAIManagement.【解析】选A。主旨大意题。根据上下文可知,本文主要讲述人工智能参与竞选某市市长的职位,故选A。【知识拓展】佳词积累1.candidaten.候选人2.maximizevt.使增加最大量3.campaignn.运动长难句分析Basically,hewassuggestingreplacinghumanpublicofficialswithAIandhavingthemcollectcitydataandcreatefairandbalancedpoliciesthatwillbenefiteveryone.分析:本句是一个复合句。policies是先行词,that引导的是定语从句。译文:大体上,他建议用机器人来代替公职人员,让它们收集城市的数据,制定公平、平衡的政策,让每个人都受益。Ⅱ.阅读填句SleepandTeens—BiologyandBehaviorHowmuchsleepdoteensneed?Andhowmuchsleeparetheyrealisticallygetting?Basedoncurrentdata,mostteensneedabout9plushourstohavethebestormostsuitablesleepnight.1

Manyfactorsbinetodecreasesleepinadolescents.Wecanthinkingeneraloftwomajorfactors:biology,thebrainprocessesthatregulatetheamountandtimingofsleep,andbehavior,allthepsychological,parental,societal,culturalfeaturesofteens’life.2Thesechangeslaythegroundworkforthebiologicalnighttooccurlaterduringtheteenyearsthanbefore.CircadianRhythms(dailybiologicalclocks)seemtoslowdownasyoungpeopleprogressthroughthemiddleschoolyears.Atthesametime,thesleeppressuresystemappearstochangeinawaythatmakesiteasiertostayawakelonger,thoughwithoutchangingtheamountofsleepthatisneeded.

Moreover,manyteenshavea“technologicalplayground”intheirbedrooms:television,puterwith24/7Internetaccess,telephones,electronicgamestations,MP3players,andsoforth.Thesetechnologiesprovideinstantandconstantcontactwithpeers.Societalandmediapressuretoconsumethesetechnologiesisnowhigherthanever.Yetsocietyalsorequiresthatteensgotoschoolatatimeofdaythatisatoddswiththeirbiologicalandsociallives.Soweseeteensturntocaffeine,latenightInternetandcramminginactivityafteractivityasameanstokeepawake.3

Problemsemergeforlackofsleep.4Forsome,gradesbegintosufferastheystruggletokeepawakeduringclassandwhiledoinghomework.Andothersmaysimplyfeelmoody,neverknowinghowtofeelordotheirbest.Worsestill,manyteenssufferfrombothphysicalandmentalillness.

5Theearlierteenscanstartthisgoodsleephabit,theeasieritwillbeforthemtostayhealthy,happyandsmart.

A.Sleepexpertsremendteenskeepconsistentsleepandwakeschedule.B.Teensmayschedulesleeplikeanyotherdailyactivityandmakesleepapriority.C.Thentheyaretrappedintoaterriblesituationwheretheywouldnevergetenoughsleep.D.Thesleepwakebioregulatoryfactorsappeartochangesignificantlyduringadolescence.E.Someteenagersstruggletowakeupinthemorning,oftenresultinginlateormissedschool.F.Teensmaybedriventothingsthatcanwakethemupbecausethey’llfallasleepiftheydonot.G.However,itisindicatedthatmostteensfallshortofthisgoal,manybyaconsiderableamount.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。目前青少年睡眠减少,达不到标准睡眠时间。文章分析了导致这种现象的原因,介绍了睡眠不足导致的问题,并提出了解决办法。1.【解析】选G。上一句提到:根据近期的研究数据,大部分青少年晚上需要九个多小时的睡眠。第二段第一句提到:很多因素导致青少年睡眠时间减少。故该空应当提到青少年睡眠不够这个现象。G选项“但是,大部分青少年达不到这个目标。”承上启下。故选G。2.【解析】选D。上一段介绍了导致青少年睡眠减少的两大因素。该空下一句提到:这些变化使得青少年在晚上睡得比以前晚了。由Thesechanges可知,该空应当提到“改变”这个话题,结合选项,D选项“这些睡觉—觉醒的生物调节因素似乎在青春期发生了巨大变化。”承上启下。故选D。3.【解析】选C。上文提到:这样,青少年每天晚上就通过喝咖啡、上网等活动以使自己保持清醒。C选项“然后,他们就陷入一种糟糕的境地中:他们永远也得不到足够的睡眠。”是上文内容的结果。故选C。4.【解析】选E。上一句提到:因为缺乏睡眠,一些问题就出现了。那么,该空应当提到出现的问题,结合选项,只有E选项“一些青少年会出现早晨醒得晚而迟到甚至缺课的情况。”符合上下文逻辑,故选E。5.【解析】选A。下一句提到:青少年开始这种好的睡眠习惯越早,对他们而言,保持健康,快乐和聪明就越容易。由该句中的“thisgoodsleephabit”可知,该空应当提到