2021-2022学年新高一入学摸底考试英语试卷考试版(新高考)(公共版)

2021—2022学年新高一入学摸底考试英语试卷考试版（新高考）（公共版）英语试题（试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟）注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.WhatwillSamdotonight?A.Attendaparty. B.FlytoTokyo. C.Haveameeting.2.Whatdoesthewomansuggestdoingfirst?A.Havingbreakfast. B.Buyingthemedicine. C.Travelingtothetown.3.Whereisthemanprobablygoingnow?A.Agiftshop. B.Hisbrother’shouse. C.TheChildren’sCenter.4.Howmuchisaconcertticketforachild?A.$2. B.$4. C.$8.5.Whatdoesthemanlikeaboutthemovie?A.Itsfunnyplot. B.Itsmusic. C.Itsactors.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。6.Whatdidtheboydofirstlastnight?A.Helistenedtomusic. B.HewatchedTV. C.Hereadtextbooks.7.WhatisWimbledonabout?A.Tennis. B.Films. C.Music.听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。8.Whatistheman’scousin?A.Asailor. B.Ateacher. C.Ajournalist.9.Howdoesthemanliketeaching?A.Exciting. B.Boring. C.Challenging.听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。10.Whatistheroomlike?A.Bigbutold. B.Bigandnew. C.Smallbutnew.11.Whatwillbearrangedfirst?A.Thechairs. B.Thebed. C.Thedressingtable.12.Wherewillthechairsbeput?听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。13.Wherewillthespeakersgofirst?A.Amuseum. B.Ashop. C.Arestaurant.14.Whatdoesthewomanhavenointerestin?A.TastingIndianfood.B.Seeinguniqueanimals.C.Takingawalk.15.Whywon’tthespeakersgoshopping?A.Theshoppingmallisalittlefar.B.Theydon’thaveenoughmoney.C.Itwilltakethemtoomuchtime.16.Howwillthespeakersgototheseashore?A.Onfoot. B.Bysubway. C.Bycar.听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。17.WhatcanwelearnaboutMrs.Green?A.Shealwaysdrivesveryfast.B.Shehasanoldandsmallcar.C.Sheonlydrivesadayeveryweek.18.What’sthecolorofMike’scar?A.Blue. B.Black. C.White.19.Whohasaveryoldcar?A.Mike. B.Mrs.Bates. C.Joe.20.WhatistherelationshipbetweenJoeandthespeaker?A.Hiscousin. B.Hisfriend. C.Hisuncle.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AStuckathome?Thesefamousmuseumsoffervirtualtoursyoucantakeonyoursofa.AccordingtoFastCompany,GoogleArts&Cultureteamedupwithover2,500museumsandgalleriesaroundtheworldtobringyouvirtualtoursandonlineexhibits.GuggenheimMuseum,NewYorkGoogle’sStreetViewletsvisitorstourtheGuggenheim’sfamousspiral(螺旋式)staircasewithouteverleavinghome.Fromthere,youcandiscoverincredibleworksofartfromtheImpressionist,Post-Impressionist,ModernandContemporarytimes.PergamonMuseum,BerlinAsoneofGermany’slargestmuseums,Pergamonhasalottooffer—evenifyoucan’tphysicallybethere.ThishistoricalmuseumishometoplentyofancientworksincludingtheIshtarGateofBabylonand,ofcourse,thePergamonAltar.VanGoghMuseum,AmsterdamAnyonewhoisafanofthistragic,giftedpaintercanseehisworksupclose(or,almostupclose)byvirtuallyvisitingthismuseum—thelargestcollectionofartworksbyVincentVanGogh,includingover200paintings,500drawings,andover750personalletters.TheJ.PaulGettyMuseum,LosAngelesEuropeanartworksfromasfarbackasthe8thcenturycanbefoundinthisCaliforniaartmuseum.TakeaStreetViewtourtodiscoverahugecollectionofpaintings,drawings,sculptures,manuscripts,andphotographs.ToseemoreofGoogleArts&Culture’scollectionofmuseums,visitthecollection’swebsite.21.Whichonewillyouvisitifyoulikemodernart?A.PergamonMuseum.B.GuggenheimMuseum.C.TheJ.PaulGettyMuseum.D.VanGoghMuseum.22.WhowillbeinterestedinPergamonMuseum?A.Onewhoisfondoftragicfilms.B.OnewhoenjoysEuropeanartworks.C.OnewholikespaintingsofVanGogh.D.Onewhoisinterestedinancientartworks.23.WhatisspecialabouttheJ.PaulGettyMuseum?A.ItisoneofthelargestmuseumsintheUSA.B.ItistheonlyhometoartworksinCalifornia.C.Itincludesallformsofartworksintheworld.D.ItexhibitsEuropeanartworksfromthe8thcentury.BSharkattacksinthescreenareamazing.That’sbecauseyouractualchancesofeverbeingattackedbyasharkaremereonein11.5million.That’sroughlythesameasyourchancesofwinninganOscar,whichmakessharkattacksurvivor,MikeCootsbothincrediblyunluckyandlucky:WhenMikewas18,helosthislegtoasharkbite.“IwasattackedbyatigersharkinlateOctober1997.ItwasnearmyhomeontheislandofKauai—atypicalfallmorningwithfriends.Thewaveswerereallygood,sonothingwasstoppingus.”ThatisuntilalargesharkcamerightupunderMikeandsankhisteethintoMike’slowerleg.Ashetriedtofreehimself,thesharkbitdownharder,shakingitsheadbackandforthandtossingMikearoundlikearagdoll.Mikefollowedhisinstinct:Hestruckthesharkintheface,againandagainuntilthesharkreleasedhim.AsMikeswambackintoshore,herealizedhislowerrightlegwasgone.Mike’sfriendsrushedtohisaid,andsenthimtothehospital.AssoonasMikewaswell,hedidwhatmanyofusmightconsiderunthinkable:hestartedridingthewavesagain.Infact,hisfirsttimebackwasnearthesiteofhisattack.ButMikewasunshaken.Instead,hewascurious—whywasheattacked?Hiscuriosityledhimtoresearchsharks,andMikedidlearnsomethingthatwouldchangehislife:Humansarefarmoredangeroustosharksthantheotherwayaround.Hissituationasasharksurvivorempoweredhimtogivesharksavoice,Mikesays.HebeganworkingwiththeHawaiistateauthoritiestohelppassaban(禁令)onshark-derivedproducts.“Ipartneredwithotherlike-mindedsharkattacksurvivorsandmarinebiologists,andweheadedtoWashingtontourge(极力主张)senatorstocreateanationwidebillprotectingsharks.”24.Whydoestheauthorshowthechancesofbeingattackedbysharks?A.Toinformreadersofsomerelevantknowledge.B.ToshoweveryonehasthechanceofwinninganOscar.C.Toattractpeopletowatchsharkattacksinthescreen.D.TohighlightMike’sunusualexperienceofthesharkattack.25.HowdidMikesurvivethesharkattack?A.Byhittingthesharkhardcontinually.B.Byswimmingdesperatelytotheshore.C.Byscreamingloudlyforhisfriends’help.D.Byshakingitsheadupanddowntogetaway.26.WhatcametomindwhenMikerodethewavesagain?A.Toovercomehisfearofsharks.B.Tofindoutthereasonforhisbeingattacked.C.Toprovehumansaremoredangerousthansharks.D.Toresearchonhowsharksattackhumans.27.WhatdidMikedotoprotectsharks?A.Hepassedabanonshark-derivedproducts.B.Heurgedsharkattacksurvivorstoprotectsharks.C.Hetriedtohelptheauthoritiestoprotectsharks.D.HesignedanationwidebillinWashington.CToomuchscreentimeforkidscanleadtopoorhealth,theAmericanHeartAssociation(AHA)says.AscientificstatementpublishedbytheAHAinthemedicaljournalCirculationsaidscreentimefromsmartphones,tabletcomputersandotherdevicescanleadkidstoasedentary(惯于久坐不动的)lifestyle,increasingthepossibilitythattheygrowupasoverweightorobese(肥胖的).TheAHAisthelatestorganizationurgingparentstolimithowmuchtimetheirkidsspendinfrontofscreens.Itrecommendschildrengetonetotwohoursofscreentimeeachday.Althoughtelevisionviewingamongchildrenandteenshasdropped,theuseofsmartphonesandtabletcomputershassurged.“Althoughthemechanisms(机制)linkingscreentimetoobesityarenotentirelyclear,therearerealconcernsthatscreensinfluenceeatingbehaviors,mainlybecausechildrendon’tnoticewhentheyarefullwheneatinginfrontofascreen,”saidTracieBarnett,aresearcherattheINRS-InstitutArmand-FrappierResearchCentre,inastatement.Barnett,oneoftheauthorsofthestatement,alsourgesparentstokeepscreensoutofkids’bedrooms,raisingthefearthattoomuchscreentimecanaffectsleep.Manystudieshavewarnedaboutthepotential(潜在的)negativeeffectsoftoomuchscreentime.Lastyear,astudyfromresearchersatSanDiegoStateUniversity(SDSU)foundnearlyhalfofteenswhospentfiveormorehoursinfrontofscreenseverydayexperiencedlongperiodsofhopelessnessorsadness.Apple,whomakestheiOSmobileplatform,planstointroducenewtoolstodevicestohelpuserscutbackonscreentime.AsforiOS12,iPhoneswillincludeascreentimefeaturewhereuserscancontrolandreviewhowtheyspendtimeontheirmobiledevices.AnothercompanythatmakestheAndroidplatformwillintroduce“digitalwell-being”toolssuchasscreentimelimitsanda“winddown”optiontoencourageuserstoputdowntheirphonesbeforebed.28.Whichcanreplacetheunderlinedword“surged”inparagraph2?A.Increasedsuddenly. B.Decreasedslowly.C.Stayedthesame. D.Lostthebalance.29.Howdoscreensinfluencechildren’seatingbehavior?A.Bychangingthetimetheyeat.B.Bychangingtheirtasteforfood.C.Byinfluencinghowfasttheyeat.D.Byinfluencingtheirfeelingoffullness.30.WhateffectdidtoomuchscreentimehaveinSDSU’sstudy?A.Itaffectedchildren’ssleep. B.Itledtochildren’sobesity.C.Itresultedindietproblems. D.Itnegativelyinfluencedmoods.31.WhatwillAppledotodealwiththescreentimeproblem?A.Reduceitsproducts’batterylife.B.Provideascreentimefeature.C.Introduce“digitalwell-being”tools.D.Adda“winddown”optiontoitsproducts.DLasVegascityinNevadaisbuiltinadesert.Thecitymaybeknowntotheoutsideworldforitspartying.Butofficialshavefoundthatthereare21squarekilometersofuselessgrass.Thegrassisneverlaidon,playedonorevensteppedon.Thegrassisonlytheretolooknice.Now,thecityisaskingtheNevadastatelegislature(立法机构)tobanuselessgrass.ItistryingtobecomethefirstplaceinAmericatobanthatkindofgrassoftenseenbetweenstreets,inhousingdevelopmentsandinofficeparks.Itisestimatedthatuselessgrassmakesup40%ofallthegrassinLasVegasanditneedsalotofwatertosurvive.Grassneedsfourtimesmorewaterthandryclimateplantslikecactus.Bytearingoutthegrass,thecitycouldreduceyearlywaterusageby15%.In2003,theSouthernNevadaWaterAuthoritybanneddevelopersfromplantinggrassinfrontofnewhomes.Italsoofferedhomeowners$30foreachsquaremeterofgrasstheytearout.Butfewerpeoplearenowusingtheprogram.WaterusagehasincreasedinsouthernNevadaby9%since2019.Andlastyear,LasVegassetarecordof240dayswithoutmajorrainfall.TheColoradoRiverprovidesmuchofNevada’sdrinkingwater.Therivercouldlosemorewaterasclimatechangeaffectsit.Waterofficialsinotherdrycitiessaidwaterusageneedstobereduced.ButtheyfearthereactiontoreformsliketheonesinLasVegasiftheircommunitiesdonotacceptthem.CynthiaCampbellisthewaterresourcesadviserforthecityofPhoenixinArizona.“Theremightcomeapointwhencityrestrictionsgettoosevere(苛刻的)forsomeresidents(居民).They’llsaythatisthepointofnoreturnforthem,”Campbellsaid.“Forsomepeople,it’sapool.Forsomepeople,it’sgrass.”32.WhydoesLasVegascitytrytobanuselessgrass?A.Toprotectthelocalpeople. B.Tobeautifythecity.C.Toreducewaterusage. D.Toreducewaste.33.WhatprogramwascarriedoutinLasVegasin2003?A.Allowingplantinggrassbeforenewhouses.B.Encouragingtheresidentstotearoutgrass.C.Praisingthosewhosignedontheprogram.D.Awardingthosewhoreducedwaterusage.34.WhatisimpliedinCampbell’swordsinthelastparagraph?A.Manyresidentswon’tfollowtheban.B.Reactiontothereformwillvarypersonally.C.Othermeasuresshouldbetakentoprotectwetter.D.Waterofficialsshouldtakemanyfactorsintoaccount.35.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.LasVegasPlanstoBanUselessGrassB.AMethodIsAdoptedtoSaveLasVegasC.ChoicesbetweenBeautyandPracticeD.GrassIsImportantbutUselessinLasVegas第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whenitcomestohavingfuninthesun,it’seasytolosetrackoftime.Ifyou’renotcareful,thiscanbequitedangerous.36Butitcaneasilybeprevented—allyouneedisalittlesunscreen.37Peoplehavebeenusingchemicalpastestoprotectthemselvesfromthesunforcenturies.ButthefirstmodernsunscreensoldonthemarketwasofferedbyFrenchcompany:L’orealin1935.Severalothercompanieswerequicktoreleasetheirownsunscreens.Perhapsthebiggestadvancementintheworldofsunscreencameinthe1970s,whenscientistsstartedlookingatthesunprotectionfactor,orSPF.38Theadvantagesofusingsunscreenareobvious.Itlimitsthepainfuleffectsofsunburn.39Millionsofpeoplehavediedfromskincancercausedbyultravioletrays(紫外线).Remembertoapplysunscreen30minutesbeforegoingoutside.Unfortunately,therearemanymistakenideasaboutsunscreen.40Somealsothinkyouonlyneedtoputitononceforawholeday’sprotectionorthatyoudon’tneeditoncloudydays.Noneofthesethingsaretrue.Expertssayyoushouldapplysunscreeneverytwohourswhenoutside—inthedaytime,nomatterhowdarkyourskinisorwhattheweatherislike.A.Anditcanevensaveyourlife.B.Sunscreenisnotexactlyarecentinvention.C.Choosingasunscreenisn’tassimpleasitusedtobe.D.Indirectsunlight,sunburncanoccurinlessthan15minutes.E.Thisratingisanumberthatshowshoweffectiveasunscreenis.F.It’sbelievedthatyoudon’tneedmuchsunscreenifyouhavedarkskin.G.Somethinkagoodmethodistocoverasmuchaspossiblewithprotectiveclothing.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Duringbreakfastthismorning,Iwatchedmyson,Jake,dragthekitchenchairtothecountershoutingathimtostop.Buteachtimewefeel43thatheisnotlearningthislesson.AsIreflectonthisfrequently-occurringscene,I44thatI’vebeenlookingatthissituationinthewrongway.HedragsthechairbecausethechargerfortheiPadisonthe45.HewantstositthereandplaywhilethePadisbeing46.Mygoalistopreventthefloorfrombeingdamaged47hisgoalistoplaythere.Weactuallybecomea(n)48toeachother,gettingineachother’sway49evenknowingit.Forme,thedeeperinsightcomesfromrecognizingjusthowquicklyand50IkeepusingmypoweroverhimtogetwhatIwantatthe51ofwhathewants.Ijustify(使正当andkeepinghiminline.InsteadifItookafewminutesto53whathewanted,Icouldhavemadeachangethat54eachofustoachieveourgoals.Whynot55thechargertothelivingroomnexttooursofa?41.A.single B.random C.voluntary D.regular42.A.vote B.teach C.respond D.function43.A.cautious B.disappointed C.nervous D.frightened44.A.expect B.imagine C.realize D.predict45.A.sofa B.counter C.floor D.chair46.A.charged B.restarted C.occupied D.programmed47.A.since B.until C.unless D.while48.A.stranger B.barrier C.relative D.attraction49.A.without B.against C.by D.for50.A.sincerely B.secretly C.repeatedly D.universally51.A.cost B.request C.bottom D.mercy52.A.consequences B.resistance C.strategies D.rules53.A.writedown B.thinkabout C.searchfor D.putaway54.A.allowed B.expected C.told D.motivated55.A.drag B.lift C.throw D.move第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。SuzhouisaculturalandhistoricalcityinChina’sJiangsuProvince.Itiscelebratedallovertheworldforitsclassicalgardens56havebeenaddedtothelistofWorldHeritageSites.Theywerefirstlaidoutasfarbackasthe6thcenturyBCand57(reach)theirtopduringtheperiodfromthe16thcenturytothe18thcentury.Recordsshowthattherewereover200gardensduringtheirgoldenage.Thegardensshowtheimportanceofnatural58(beautiful)inChineseculture.Today,dozensofclassicalgardensarestill59goodcondition,includingtheHumbleAdministrator’sGarden,which60(have)anareaofsome52,000squaremeters.NoothergardensofSuzhouare61(large)thanit.Itwasoriginallythedwelling(住宅)ofLuGuimeng,apoetoftheTangDynasty.62(consider)as“themotherofallgardensunderthesun”,thegarden63(divide)intotheeastern,central,westernandresidentialparts.ThegardensofSuzhouare64(extreme)elegant(漂亮雅致的)andafeastforthesenses,usedasbothtouristattractions65residentialhouses.Theyalsoaddahumantouchtothenaturaldelights(乐趣)ofthegardensthemselves.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）假如你是李华，你的美国朋友Peter想选修中文作为外语，为此写信征求你的意见。请按以下要求给Peter写一封回信。1.鼓励他选修中文；2.中文的魅力（两点）；3.学好中文的意义（两点）。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Finally,thebellrang.“Don’tforgettopracticeyourclasspres