Unit 9 Lesson 3 Epidemics Explained 课件-2022-2023学年高中英语北师大版（2019）选择性必修第三册

Unit9Lesson3EpidemicsExplained

LearningObjectives010203Icanmastersomeimportantwordsandphrasesinthecontext;Icanmakeandconfirmguessesbasedonageneralunderdtanding;Icanreadforgeneralinformationandspecificinformationaboutepidemics:04Icannoticetheorganisationalstructureofapassageandsearchonlineforinformationandpresentfindingstotheclass.Doyouknowthefollowingwordsandphrasesafterthepreview?1.在短时间内____________2.和...接触___________3.将...分类_________________

4.一定数量的________________

5.与sth相反____________

6.创造一个更美好的未来________________

7.详细叙述__________

8.有记载/记录的

___________9.度过/熬过困难时期___

10.构成威胁_____________

11.感染率_________12.在...的过程中_____________________13.作为...的结果___________14.导致

___________15.

从...中康复过来____16.查明/发现___________________17.提出/想出_________________

18.在全球范围内_________________________19.

媒体报道_20.将…和…相提并论__________________withinashortperiodoftimecomeintocontactwithbeclassifiedasacertainnumberofasopposedtocreativeamorepositivefuturegointodetailonrecordinthecourseofgetthroughposeathreatinfectionratesasaresultofresultingetovergetitcomeupwithacrosstheglobepressreportdrawparallelsbetween...and...Pre-readingWhatepidemicsdoyouknowabout?COVID-19COVID-19isanewstrainofcoronavirusthathasnotbeenpreviouslyidentifiedinhumans.TheCOVID-19isthecauseofanoutbreakofrespiratoryillnessfirstdetectedinWuhan,Hubeiprovince,China.SARSSevereacuterespiratorysyndrome(SARS)isaviralrespiratoryillnessthatwasrecognizedasaglobalthreatinMarch2003,afterfirstappearinginSouthernChinainNovember2002.EbolaVirusDiseaseEbolaVirusDisease(EVD)isadeadlydiseasewithoccasionaloutbreaksthatoccurmostlyontheAfricancontinent.EVDmostcommonlyaffectspeopleandnonhumanprimates.ItiscausedbyaninfectionwithagroupofviruseswithinthegenusEbola

virus.□

Anepidemicistherapidspreadofaninfectiousdisease.□

Anepidemiccanaffectalargenumberofpeopleinagivenpopulation.□

Anepidemiccanoccurwithinashortperiodoftime,usuallytwoweeksorless.□

Anepidemicmayspreadtoseveralcountriesorcontinents.□

Somecommonviruses,suchasthecommoncold,arenotepidemics.□

Anewepidemiccanbeadifferentvariationofavirusthatpeoplecaughtinthepast.Lookattheabovepicturesandtalkaboutthecommonpointsofepidemics.Whatdoyouknowaboutepidemics?Tickthestatementsthatyouthinkarecorrect.√√√√√√Activate&ShareReadingReadthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestions.1.Whatisanepidemic?2.Howcanadiseasebeclassifiedasanepidemic?Anepidemicisthenamegiventoaninfectiousdiseasethatrapidlyspreadstoalargenumberofpeoplewithinashortperiodoftime—usuallytwoweeksorless.Eachdiseasecanonlyofficiallybeclassifiedasanepidemiconceacertainnumberofdeathshaveoccurredfromthedisease.Fast-ReadingInorderoftimeInorderofspaceInorderoflogicInorderofplaceReadthepassageagainandfindalltheepidemicsmentionedinthepassage.Epidemicsbirdflu——line191918SpanishFlu——line26BlackDeath——line33SARS——line43EbolaVirusDisease——line53Howdoesthepassagedevelop?ReadingNamePeriodPlacesDeathtollBirdFlu×EpidemicsintheRomanEmpireTheBlackDeath×TheSpanishFlu×SARS×EVDsince1997morethanahundredlives500—550CERomehalfthepopulation1330sAsiaandEurope1918—theendofWorldWarI50millionpeople2002—2003China,Canada,VietnamandSingapore2013-2016WestAfricamorethan11310deathReadthepassagecarefully.Completethetableabouttheepidemicsmentioned.Thenchooseonediseasetotalkaboutwithapartner.ReadingDevelopingConceptsBasedontheTextConceptsarenotalwaysclearlydefinedinatext.Youneedtoreadanddevelopyourunderstanding.Readthetexttogetthegeneralidea.Identifyalltheinformationrelatedtotheconcept,e.g.examples,developments,effects,etc.Organisetheinformationandexplaintheconceptfromdifferentangles.ReadandunderstandthecontentintheSkillBuilder.Post-reading□whenepidemicsstarted□examplesofepidemics□treatments□baselinenumberofdeathsofepidemics□definition□whenitended□possiblecausesofepidemics□possiblesolutionsTicktheaspectsofinformationthatarementionedinthepassage.√√√√√Post-readingEpidemicsdefinitionofepidemicsbaselinenumberofdeathsofepidemicsexamplesofepidemicswhenepidemicsstartedwhenitendedworktogethertofightepidemicsUseadiagramtodemonstrateinalogicalwayhowtheaspectsofinformationareorganised.Post-readingPost-readingWhatarethemainfeaturesofanepidemic?Giveatleasttwoexamplestoillustrateyourpoints.Whatshoulddifferentcountriesdotopreventoutbreakofepidemicsinthefuture?Why?Whodoyouthinkthepassageiswrittenfor?Whatdoesthetitlemeantoyou?Whatdoesthewriterwanttoconveyinthepassage?Workingroupsanddiscussthequestions.Post-readingWhatarethemainfeaturesofanepidemic?Giveatleasttwoexamplestoillustrateyourpoints.Post-readingTheyshouldworktogetherbecauseteamworkamongnationsacrosstheglobecansavelives.Thisisagoodexampleofbuildingacommunitywithsharedfutureformankind.2Whatshoulddifferentcountriesdotopreventoutbreakofepidemicsinthefuture?Why?Post-reading3Whodoyouthinkthepassageiswrittenfor?Thisisapopularsciencearticle.Itismorelikelytobewrittenforpeoplewhoisinterestedinthistopicorwhohasalotofquestionsormisunderstandingofepidemics.◆Thetitlemeansthatthepassagewillexplainquestionsaboutepidemics.◆Theauthorwantstoconveytheinformationthatwearealwaysonourwaytofindanexplanationtoepidemicssoastofindcure.Italsoimpliesthatepidemicsoccurrednaturallyandinevitably(不可避免地).Wecanonlyexplainit,andcannotpreventitorstopitcompletelynow.4Whatdoesthetitlemeantoyou?Whatdoesthewriterwanttoconveyinthepassage?Post-readingEpidemicscanbecausedby…Diseasescanonlybeofficiallyclassifiedasepidemicswhen…TheSpanishFluspreadworldwidebecause…SincetheendoftheSARSepidemic,scientists…Countriesneedtoworktogethertoconductthoroughandsystematicresearchbecause…Completethesesentencesinyourownwords.Post-readingEpidemicscanbecausedbyavirusbeingcarriedintoanarea,orchangesinthewaypeoplelive.Diseasescanonlybeofficiallyclassifiedasepidemicswhenabaselinenumberofpeoplehavediedfromthedisease.TheSpanishFluspreadworldwidebecausesoldiersandotherpeopleweremovingandtravellingaroundtheworldafterWorldWarI.SincetheendoftheSARSepidemic,scientistshavebeendoingexperimentsontreatmentstopreventfurtheroutbreaks.Countriesneedtoworktogethertoconductthoroughandsystematicresearchbecauseteamworkamongnationsacrosstheglobecansavelives.Post-readingSearchonlineingroupsandfindsomeinformationaboutepidemicsinChinaorAsia.Reportyourinformationtotheclass.AssignmentCOVID-19isanewstrainofcoronavirusthathasnotbeenpreviouslyidentifiedinhumans.TheCOVID-19isthecauseofanoutbreakofrespiratoryillnessfirstdetectedinWuhan,Hubeiprovince,China.

SinceDecember2019,caseshavebeenidentifiedinagrowingnumberofcountries.Andthenumbercontinuestoincrease...1.教材原句p.58Anewepidemiccanbeadirecrentvariationofavirusthatpeoplecaughtinthepast.一种新的流行病可能是过去人们感染的病毒的不同变种。variationn.变化物，变体；差异，变动Thedialrecordsveryslightvariationsinpressure.该刻度盘能显示很微小的压力变化。

Languagepoints

【词汇拓展】思考总结variation的同根词：完成句子（1）Ourcustoms

（各地不同）.单句语法填空（2）Peoplevary

preferenceforcolour.（3）There’snodoubtthatcustomsvary

thetimes.（4）［词汇复现］Takeiteasy!Jacketsareavailablein

（vary）colours.（5）［词汇复现］Disneyland，afantasyamusementpark，whichoffersa

（vary）ofattractionsfortourists，bringsyouintoamagicalworld.（6）Thissoupisaspicy

（vary）onatraditionalfavourite.

varyfromplacetoplace

inwithvariousvariety

variation2.教材原句p.58Eachdiseasecanonlyoiciallybeclassifiedasanepidemic...……某种疾病才会被正式定性为流行病。

classifyvt.将……分类；把……归入一类beclassifiedby/accordingto根据……分类beclassifiedinto被分成……beclassifiedas被划分为……

【词语积累】classificationn.分类；类别，等级

【学法点拨】思考总结以-ify/-fy为动词后缀，表示“使得，变成”的常见动词：simple→simplifyvt.简化pure→purifyvt.净化beautiful→beautifyvt.美化identity→identifyvt.认出，识别单句语法填空（1）Itisrequiredthatthebooksinthelibraryshouldbe

（classify）bydifferenttopics.（2）Fromtheclassicalclass，thestudentwithglassesknowsthe

（classify）ofclassics.（3）Itmeanswehavenotallowedourselves__________________（classify）asobjects.（4）Theapplicationformhasnowbeen

（simple）.完成句子（5）Meninthepostoffice

（根据……将邮件分类）placesitistogo.（6）Weusually

typesofcharacters

（把……划分为）goodandbad.classifiedclassification

tobeclassifiedsimplified

classifymailaccordingtoclassifyas3.教材原句p.58...asopposedtomorecommondiseases，suchastheu，thathaveahigherbaseline.……与此相反，常见疾病的基线较高，如流感。opposedadj.与某事物相反；反对某事物，不赞成某事物搭配：beopposedto（doing）sth反对（做）某事asopposedto与……截然相反；而，相对于Thisexercisedevelopssupplenessasopposedto（=ratherthan）strength.Icameupwithaproposal，andnobodywasopposedtoit.

思考总结：试写出表“同意/反对”的词组：单句语法填空（1）Manylocalpeopleopposed

（build）thenewairport.（2）Themajorityofmemberswereopposed

myproposal，whichupsetmegreatly.（3）Wearestrongly

（oppose）toracialprejudice.（4）Thereare200peopleattended，asopposed

300thepreviousyear.（5）Totellthetruth，Iamstronglyopposedto

（clone）anykindofanimalsnomatterwhatcircumstances. buildingtoopposed

to

cloning同义句转换（6）Iwasagainsttheunfairjudgement.→______________________________________________________→______________________________________________________→______________________________________________________Iopposedtheunfairjudgement.Iwasopposedtotheunfairjudgement.Iobjectedtotheunfairjudgement.4.教材原句p.59...becauseonevisiblesymptomwasblackspotsonthebody.由于患者身上会出现明显的黑斑症状……

visibleadj.看得见的Thehouseisclearlyvisiblefromthebeach.从海滩可以清楚地看到那所房子。【词语积累】invisibleadj.无形的，看不见的visiblyadv.明显地；易察觉地Thepasswordshouldbeinvisibletous.密码对我们来说应该是不可见的

填空（1）Icaughtaglimpseofherinthecrowdbutsoonshewas

（visible）.（2）Hewasvery

（visible）upsettohearofsomeofthethingsthatweretoldintheRyanReportandhowthechildrenhadsuffered.（3）Therearemanystarsinvisible

thenakedeye.完成句子（4）Heshowed

（不露声色）.invisiblevisibly

to

novisiblesignofemotion5.教材原句p.59Familieswhohadonlyjustgotthroughthewarnowhadtoburytheirlovedones...刚刚熬过战争的人们现在不得不埋葬他们的亲人……getthrough（1）（设法）做完；完成；通过（测试等）；渡过（难关）Itisestimatedthatwehavegotthroughhalfoftheconstructionofourfence.（2）设法联系上（尤指打通电话）

I’mafraidthephoneisoutoforderandIcan’tgetthrough.

【归纳拓展】getacross被理解getaround传播；流传getover克服；控制getalongwith（和某人）和睦相处；进展getin进入；收割geton进展，进步getawaywith带着……潜逃；做坏事而未受到惩罚getdownto（doing）sth开始认真（做）某事

单句语法填空（1）Ifwecanget

ourpresentdifficulties，theneverythingshouldbeingoodcondition.（2）Anyway，we’reherenow，solet’sgetdownfirst

somecomplicatedtasks.（3）［词汇复现］Theonlycomfortforhiminthesedepressingdaysisthathehasgot

hisgraduationessay. （4）I’vebeentryingtophoneCharlesallevening，buttheremustbesomethingwrongwiththenetwork；Ican’tseemtoget

.（5）［词汇复现］Thefarmerwassoabsorbedingetting

hiscropsthathedidn’tnoticeasnakewindinginfrontofhim.

overto

throughthrough

in11buryvt.埋葬，安葬；埋藏buryone’sface/headinsth把脸/头埋在某物里beburiedin/buryoneselfin埋头/专心于

Shesatthere，buriedinthought.

Sheburiedherfaceinherhandsandbegantocry.HehasburiedhimselfinrecitingEnglishwordssincethewintervacationbegan.=HehasbeenburiedinrecitingEnglishwordssincethewintervacationbegan.Thegirlwassittingonaparkbench，buryingherselfin/buriedin/absorbedinherbook.Buryingherselfinthefilm，shedidn’tknowitwassnowingoutside.

思考总结：“投入/专注于...”的表达方式：单句语法填空（1）Theoldphotos

（bury）atthebottomofthesuitcaseremindedmeofthosehappyolddays.同义句转换（2）［词汇复现］

（bury）inthefiction，theboyhasforgottenallaroundhim.=

（bury）himselfinthefiction，theboyhasforgottenallaroundhim.完成句子（3）［词汇复现］

（埋头于）thefarmwork，Tomdidn’tnoticetheeruptionoccur.（4）Aftertheargument，she

（专心于）herstudy.

buriedBuriedBurying

Buriedin/Buryinghimselfinwasburiedin/buriedherselfin/wasabsorbedin6.教材原句p.59Asaresultofthewar，morepeopleweretravellingandmovingperhapsthaneverbeforeinhistory...战争引发的人口流动前所未有……asaresultof由于；作为……的结果Theplanfailedasaresultoflackoffinance.

【词语辨析】asaresultof与asaresultasaresultof“由于；作为……的结果”，后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。asaresult“因此，结果”，一般放在句首，后面常加逗号。

Thereisnodoubtthathisdrunkdrivingresultedintheaccident.选词填空（asaresult/asaresultof）（1）Hehadsomebadfish.

，hefeltillthismorning.（2）［词汇复现］Hecan’tparticipateinthesportsmeeting

hisseriousinjuriesinanaccident.单句语法填空（3）Hislazinessresulted

hisfailure；thatistosay，hisfailureresulted_________hislaziness.（4）［词汇复现］Alotofpeopleinthisareadiedas

resultoftheoutbreaklastyear.Asaresult

asaresultof

infrom

a7.教材原句p.59...suchepidemicsnolongerposedathreat... ……这种大规模流行病不会再对人类构成威胁……posevt.&n.（1）vt.造成，引起，产生（问题、危险、困难等） poseathreat/challenge/danger/risk构成威胁/挑战/危险/风险poseassb佯装/冒充sb

Theyposeaseriousthreattosecurity.

（2）n.（为画像、拍照等而摆的）姿势，姿态Thephotographeraskedhertorearrangeherselfinanotherpose.

单句语法填空（1）［词汇复现］Themanposedhimself

aspecialisttocheatthefarmertobuyhisproducts. （2）Thefellowenteredthebuilding

（pose）asaworkman.完成句子（3）Radiowavesthatmobilephonesemitmaynot_______________（对……构成威胁）health.

as

posing

poseathreatto8.教材原句p.59...scientistshavebeendoingtrialsontreatmentstopreventanyfutureoutbreaks.……科学家们一直在试验各种治疗手段，以防止未来疫情再爆发。trialn.试验；审判，审理beontrial在试验中；在受审中

trialanderror反复试验

standtrial/goontrial受到审判bringtotrial送交法院审判

cometotrial开庭审理Thenewdrugisundergoingclinicaltrials.这种新药正在进行临床试验。

单句语法填空

He’s

trialformurder.完成句子（2）Theydidn’tknowhowtoputinacentralheatingsystem，buttheymanageditby________________（反复试验）.（3）Shewill

（受到审判）forfraud.（4）［词汇复现］Themanwhohurtthewhaleonpurposewill

（送交法院审判）.

bebroughttotrialstandtrial/goontrialtrialanderror

on9outbreakn.（战争或疾病）爆发，突然发生theoutbreakofwar战争的爆发Thecholeraoutbreakhasbeencontained.霍乱的爆发已被遏制住。［词汇复现］Theareawasstruckbytheoutbreakofepidemic.这一地区突然发生了流行病。

思考总结：

v.+adv.→n.（由动词短语转化而来的合成名词）breakdown出故障→breakdownn.故障breakthrough突破→breakthroughn.突破putout生产，输出→outputn.产量，输出comein进来→incomen.收入comeout出现，结果是→outcomen.结果，后果10.

Despite,orperhapsbecauseof,theepidemicstheworldhasfacedinrecentlyyears,governmentsworldwidehaveunderlinedthefactthattheywantthoroughandsystematicmedicalresearchonepidemicstogetatthecausesandcomeupwithcuresassoonaspossible.1.despite虽然；尽管=inspiteofDespiteapplyingforhundredsofjobs,heisstilloutofwork.despiteoneself不由自主地；禁不住地Hehadtolaughdespitehimself.2.getat1)查明；弄清楚Wehavetogetatthetruth.Whostolehiswallet?2)触及；够着；抓住Agoatwasstandingupagainstatreeonitshindlegs,tryingtogetattheleaves.一只山羊后腿撑地，搭着树站立起来，试图去够叶子。

重点句式教材原句p.58Withrecentpressreportsdrawingparallelsbetweenbirduandkillerepidemicsofthepast，JimSmithlooksatthesometimesdepressinghistoryofepidemics...with+宾语+宾补常在句中作状语，表示原因、方式、时间、条件或伴随等。形式有：

（1）with+宾语+形容词/副词/介词短语(表示状态)Hedeterminedtoreturntohishomelandwiththesituationtheredepressing.Helefttheoffice，withthelighton.

Hecameinwithabookinhishand.（2）with+宾语+现在分词（表示主动或正在进行）Withthespecialistdirectinghim，hehasmadeuphismindtogrowhisownvegetablesingreenhouses.（3）with+宾语+过去分词（表示被动或已经完成）Withalltheworkfinished，theyhurriedbackhomeforlunch.（4）with+宾语+动词不定式（表示尚未发生）Withsomanythingstodealwith，Ican’tgoonholiday.单句语法填空（1）Withtheexactdate

（settle），itistimeforustoplanforthebasketballtournament.（2）［词汇复现］Thewholeplaygroundwasexcited，withtheaudience

（cheer）enthusiasticallyfortheathletes.（3）［词汇复现］Withairpollution

（get）worse，thegovernmentneedstocomeupwithsomeeffectivemeasurestodealwithit.（4）［词汇复现］Withsomanygoatsandcattle

（attend）to，thelittleboywasdepressed，becausehecouldn’tplaywithhisfriends.（5）Witheverythingsheneeded

（buy），shewenthomehappily. （6）［词汇复现］Withtoomanypeople

（stare）ather，thelittlegirlwasverynervousandcouldn’tspeakfluently.（7）Thelivingroomiscleanandtidy，withadiningtablealready

（lay）foramealtobecooked.完成句子（8）Theoldmanwalkedin

（手里拄着一根拐杖）.settled

cheering

getting

toattendboughtstaring

laid

withastickinhishand教材原句p.59Scientistsnowestimatethatupto50%ofthearea’spopulationdiedfromtheepidemic，makingitoneofthemaincausesofthefalloftheRomanEmpire.现今科学家估计，发病区域多达50%的人口死于这一流行病，成为罗马帝国衰落的一个主要原因。

现在分词短语作结果状语通常放在句末。有时为了突出结果，现在分词前可加thus或therefore，相当于so或sothat引导的结果状语从句。Carbonburnsinoxygenorair，thereforeformingcarbondioxide.碳在氧气或空气中燃烧，因而形成了二氧化碳。

Iwokeupinthemorning，onlytofindtheoutsideworldgreatlychanged.（出乎意料）Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinourcountryinthepastfewyears，makingitoneofthepowerfulcountriesintheworld.（顺其自然）

单句语法填空（1）Itrainedheavily，

（cause）severefloodinginthatcountry.（2）［词汇复现］Hemanagedtocontainhimselfatthemeetingyesterday，_________（avoid）aconflictwithhisboss.（3）Wehurriedtothestation，only

（tell）thatthetrainhadleft.（4）［词汇复现］Heunderlinedthesentencesthathedidn’tunderstand，

（make）iteasierforhimtoturntohisteacher.（5）YesterdayIwenttoseehim，only

（learn）thathehadgoneabroadtwodaysbefore.（6）Hecomeshomeverylateeveryevening，

（make）hiswifeveryangry.

causingavoiding

tobetold

makingtolearnmaking教材原句p.59Havingkilledupto50millionpeoplein18months，theSpanishFluisbelievedtohavebeenthemostsevereepidemicinhistory.西班牙流感在18个月内造成5000万人死亡，成为历史上最严重的流行病。【句式分析】Havingkilledupto...为现在分词的完成式作状语，表示动作发生在谓语动词动作之前。

现在分词的完成式作状语表示动作发生在谓语动词动作之前。

Igottotheofficeearlierthatday，havingcaughtthe7：30trainfromPaddington.Havingbeenaskedtoworkovertimethatevening，Imissedawonderfulfilm.（被动意义，非谓语动词的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前）

单句语法填空（1）［词汇复现］

（have）athoroughcleaningyesterday，ourschoollookstidierandmorebeautiful.（2）________________（finish）allthetests，webeganourholiday.（3）_________________（injure）inthetraining，Tomcouldn’tplayinthebasketballseason.（4）

（build）morehighways，Chinamakesitmucheasierforpeopletotravelfromoneplacetoanother.

Havinghad

Havingfinished

HavingbeeninjuredHavingbuiltFinishtheexercisesinyourpapersheet.

LearningObjectives01IcanpractiseusingphrasalverbsGrammarP61phrasalverbs短语动词

PhrasalVerbs1.定义短语动词是由两三个单词组成的动词，可以是及物的（带宾语），也可以是不及物的（不带宾语）。2.构成1）动词+介词2）动词+副词3）动词+名词/代词+介词4）动词+副词+介词动词+介词Hewaseagertogetintopolitics.。It’stimeforustocometoaconclusion.Iliketogoforajogafterwork.动词+副词She’dgladlyhavegoneanywheretogetawayfromthecottage.Icameacrossagroupofchildrenplaying.TheyweresofarawaythatIcouldn’tmakeouttheirfacesclearly.动词+名词/代词+介词Insomecountries,peoplearemakinguseoftheheatinthecenteroftheearth.Iaccusedhimofthecrime.Maryistakingcareofthechildren.动词+副词+介词Youngadultsmustbreakawayfromtheirparents’controlinordertoachieveindependence.You’llhavetoworkveryhardtomakeupforthetimeyoulost.WordBuilderPhrasalVerbs(2)atintooverupwiththroughunderupaway(Theprepositionsandadverbsmaybeusedmorethanonce.)gogetcomeChooseprepositionsoradverbsintheboxtomakephrasalverbwiththethreeverbsintheWordBuilder.at,into,over,through,up,awayat,into,over,through,up,awayat,into,over,upwith,under,up,awaygoatsb=attacksb攻击某人e.g.Theywentateachotherfuriously.gointosth

详细调查(或研究)某事e.g.Weneedtogointothequestionofcosts.gooversth

(1)仔细检查某物e.g.Gooveryourworkbeforeyouhanditin.(2)反复研究，仔细琢磨e.g.Hewentovertheeventsofthedayinhismind.gothroughsth(1)仔细检查某物(2)经历，遭受e.g.She’sbeengoingthroughabadpatchrecently.goup（价格，温度等）上涨，上升e.g.Thepriceofvegetablesisgo