药学类开题报告范文

药学类开题报告范文关于《药学类开题报告范文》，是我们特意为大家整理的，希望对大家有所帮助。药学类专业培养具有国际视野和创新精神，能胜任现代中药新药研究开发、质量评价，中药新制剂及中药工程技术等方面工作的宽口径、复合型中药科技人才和领军人物。药学毕业论文开题报告范文篇一：1、选题意义和背景：万古霉素(Vancomycin,VCM)是糖肽类抗生素，1958年被美国FDA批准上市。万古霉素通过干扰细菌细胞壁合成而发挥杀菌作用。本品主要对革兰阳性(G+)菌具有强大的杀菌活性，特别是耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(Methicillin-resistantstaphylococcusaureus,MRSA)以及耐甲氧西林凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌(Methicillinresistantcoagulasenegativestaphylococcus,MRCNS)[2].根据2012年中国CHINET细菌耐药性监测，MRSA和MRCNS检出率分别平均为47.9%和77.1%[3].由于医院内上述耐药菌感染日趋严重，万古霉素越来越多地被应用于临床。然而，万古霉素具有肾、耳毒性，严重者可导致肾衰竭或听力丧失，这些不良反应在老年人中更易出现。因此，安全有效的应用该药物，最大程度减少药物对患者的损害，并发挥药物的最佳疗效，引起临床高度关注。2、论文综述/研究基础：近年来，国内外关于万古霉素群体药动学(Populationpharmacokinetics,PPK)研究涉及新生儿、成年人、肥胖患者、肾功能不全患者等人群°Sanchez等[4]在141例应用万古霉素的患者中发现，老年人(≥65岁，n=40)清除率(Clearancerate,CL)和表观分布容积(Apparentvolumeofdistribution,V)分别为(2.24±1.2)L·h-1和(43.7±5.1)L,而年轻人(福建医科大学附属第一医院药学部课题组前期已建立成年患者万古霉素PPK模型，可以为临床制定万古霉素给药方案提供参考依据。为了进一步完善这一体系，本研究拟建立老年患者万古霉素PPK模型，辅助临床实现个体化给药。3、参考文献:[1]WorldHealthOrganization.Men,ageingandhealth:Achievinghealthacrossthelifespan[J].2001.RybakMJ.Thepharmacokineticandpharmacodynamicpropertiesofvancomycin[J].ClinInfectDis,2006,42Suppl1:S35-39.汪复，朱德妹，胡付品，等。2012年中国CHINET细菌耐药性监测[J].中国感染与化疗杂志，2013,13(5):321-330.SanchezJ,DominguezA,LaneJ,etal.Populationpharmacokineticsofvancomycininadultandgeriatricpatients:comparisonofelevenapproaches[J].Internationaljournalofclinicalpharmacologyandtherapeutics,2010,48(8)：525-533.肖永红，陈佰义，何礼贤，等。万古霉素临床应用剂量中国专家共识[J].中华传染病杂志，2012,30(11)：641-646.陈佰义，管向东，何礼贤。万古霉素临床应用中国专家共识(2011版)[J].中国新药与临床杂志，2011,30(8):561-573.AndersonRC,WorthHM,HarrisPN,etal.Vancomycin,anewantibiotic.IV.Pharmacologicandtoxicologicstudies[J].AntibiotAnnu,1956:75-81.PfallerM,KrogstadD,GranichG,etal.Laboratoryevaluationoffiveassaymethodsforvancomycin:bioassay,high-pressureliquidchromatography,fluorescencepolarizationimmunoassay,radioimmunoassay,andfluorescenceimmunoassay[J].Journalofclinicalmicrobiology,1984,20(3)：311-316.LiL,MilesMV,HallW,etal.Animprovedmicromethodforvancomycindeterminationbyhigh-performanceliquidchromatography[J].Therapeuticdrugmonitoring,1995,17(4):366-370.SaundersNJ,WantSV,AdamsDJ.AssayofvancomycinbyfluorescencepolarisationimmunoassayandEMITinpatientswithrenalfailure[J].JournalofAntimicrobialChemotherapy,1995,36(2):411-415.PeckmanHJ,DupuisRE,SawyerWT,etal.Vancomycinserumconcentrationsinpatientswithrenaldysfunction:acomparisonoffluorescencepolarizationimmunoassayandtheenzyme-multipliedimmunoassaytechnique[J].Therapeuticdrugmonitoring,1996,18(6)：647-653.FarinD,PivaGA,GozlanI,etal.AmodifiedHPLCmethodforthedeterminationofvancomycininplasmaandtissuesandcomparisontoFPIA(TDX)[J].Journalofpharmaceuticalandbiomedicalanalysis,1998,18(3)：367-372.WalkerCA,KoppB.Sensitivebioassayforvancomycin[J].Antimicrobialagentsandchemotherapy,1978,13(1)：30-33.FongKL,HoDH,BogerdL,etal.Sensitiveradioimmunoassayforvancomycin[J].Antimicrobialagentsandchemotherapy,1981,19(1)：139-143.JehlF,GallionC,ThierryR,etal.Determinationofvancomycininhumanserumbyhigh-pressureliquidchromatography[J].Antimicrobialagentsandchemotherapy,1985,27(4)：503-507.MorseGD,NairnDK,BertinoJrJS,etal.Overestimationofvancomycinconcentrationsutilizingfluorescencepolarizationimmunoassayinpatientsonperitonealdialysis[J].Therapeuticdrugmonitoring,1987,9(2)：212-215.Abu-ShandiKH.Determinationofvancomycininhumanplasmausinghigh-performanceliquidchromatographywithfluorescencedetection[J].Analyticalandbioanalyticalchemistry,2009,395(2)：527-532.YeoK-T,TraverseW,HorowitzG.ClinicalperformanceoftheEMITvancomycinassay[J].Clinicalchemistry,***,35(7):1504-1507.乔小云，朱怀军，王羽。酶放大免疫分析法监测万古霉素血药浓度的质控评估[J].药学与临床研究，2013,21(5)：516-519.FavettaP,GuittoJ,BleyzacN,etal.Newsensitiveassayofvancomycininhumanplasmausinghigh-performanceliquidchromatographyandelectrochemicaldetection[J].JournalofchromatographyB,Biomedicalsciencesandapplications,KonishiH,IgaI,NagaiK.Underestimationofratserumvancomycinconcentrationsmeasuredbyanenzyme-multipliedimmunoassaytechniqueandthestrategyforitsavoidance[J].Drugtestingandanalysis,2014,6(4)：350-356.MoscatoD,NonnatoA,AdamoR,etal.Therapeuticmonitoringoftacrolimus:aberrantresultsbyanimmunoassaywithautomatedpretreatment[J].Clinicachimicaacta;internationaljournalofclinicalchemistry,2010,411(1-2)：77-80.RebolloN,CalvoMV,Martin-SuarezA,etal.ModificationoftheEMITimmunoassayforthemeasurementofunboundmycophenolicacidinplasma[J].Clinicalbiochemistry,2011,44(2-3):260-263.吴委。万古霉素群体药动学及个体化给药研究[D].福建医科大学，2013.RybakMJ,LomaestroBM,RotschaferJC,etal.Vancomycintherapeuticguidelines:asummaryofconsensusrecommendationsfromtheinfectiousdiseasesSocietyofAmerica,theAmericanSocietyofHealth-SystemPharmacists,andtheSocietyofInfectiousDiseasesPharmacists[J].Clinicalinfectiousdiseases:anofficialpublicationoftheInfectiousDiseasesSocietyofAmerica,2009,49(3)：325-327.FarberBF,MoelleringRC,Jr.Retrospectivestudyofthetoxicityofpreparationsofvancomycinfrom1974to1981[J].Antimicrobialagentsandchemotherapy,1983,23(1)：138-141.ForouzeshA,MoisePA,SakoulasG.Vancomycinototoxicity:areevaluationinaneraofincreasingdoses[J].Antimicrobialagentsandchemotherapy,2009,53(2)：483-48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