北师大版（2023）必修第一册Unit 3 Celebrations 能力提升单元达标测试 B卷（含解析）

第第页北师大版（2023）必修第一册Unit3Celebrations能力提升单元达标测试B卷（含解析）Unit3CelebrationsB卷能力提升—2023-2024学年高一英语北师大版（2023）必修第一册单元达标测试卷

考试时间：90分钟

满分：120分

第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

Thisyear,mostpeoplehaveprobablycanceledtravelticketsthanbookingthem,butit'snottoolatetochangethattrendcompletely.Herearesomevacationsyoucanplanthisfall.

Gotoalocalfarm

Visitingafarmisthe"numberone"travelpickrightnow.Priceplaysabigroleinthatsuggestion.Applepicking,forexample,isusuallyveryaffordable,withsomeorchards(果园)offeringproductsbythepound,for$1or$2,andothersofferingaflatfeeforanall-you-can-fillbagforabout$30.

Visitanationalpark

Thereare423nationalparksintheU.S.,soyoucangetonetotravel.Ifyou'reupforachallenge,youcanclimbtheHalfDomeinYosemiteNationalParkorracedownthehillsofsandinColorado.Theparksarealsoaffordable.Anannualpass,whichguaranteesentrytoeveryparkforanentirefamily,isjust$80.

Planacampingtrip

Itdoesn'tcostmuchforcamping.Moststateshavedozensofdrive-incampsites,andyoucanalsofindcabinsinthe$50-$100pernightrange.There'snoshortageofactivities,either—whetherit'sfishing,hiking,bikingorjustperfectingyourcampingrecipe.

RentanRV(旅行房车)

RVsareabestchoiceforacheapvacation.UsinganRVforavacationmeansyou'repayingforyourtransportationandlodging(寄宿)allinone.Also,consideringthatsometwo-personRVscangoforaslittleas$175-$200pernight,youcaneasilyfindyourselftravelingaroundthecountrywithoutbreakingthebank.

1.Whichvacationwouldathrill-seekermostprobablychoose

A.Gotoalocalfarm.B.Visitanationalpark.

C.Planacampingtrip.D.RentanRV.

2.Whatdothevacationshaveincommon

A.Wallet-friendly.B.Environment-friendly.

C.Family-friendly.D.User-friendly.

3.What'stheuniqueadvantageofrentingRVs

A.Itmakesyourvacationadventurous.B.Itoffersfreetripsaroundtheworld.

C.Youcankilltwobirdswithonestone.D.Youmayhavesomeonetokeepyoucompany.

B

Scientistsandmarinebiologists(海洋生物学家)hadsomethingtocelebratelastweekwhentwolosthumpbackwhales(座头鲸)returnedtothePacificOcean.DeltaandDawn—amotherandababy—hadcircledtheSacramentoBayareafortwoweeksbeforegoingbacktotheocean.

"Weallshoutedloudlylike'Yay'!"saidJimOswald,aspokesmanfortheMarineMammalCenter."It'sbeenreallyexciting."

ThehumpbackwhaleswerelastspottedonMay29neartheGoldenGateBridgeinSanFrancisco,California.ScientistsaresurethatthewhalesswamintoopenwaterduringtheeveningofMay29orearlythenextmorning,sincetherehavebeennofurthersightingsofthewhales.Evenso,boatsweresentouttolookforthem,justincasethewhalesmadeanotherwrongturn.

Officialsspenttwoweekstryingtogetthewhalestoturnbacktowardstheocean.Biologistsplayedrecordingsofwhale-feedingaswellasunfamiliarsoundstotrytomakethewhalesheadbacktothePacificOcean.

However,DeltaandDawngavescientistsanunexpectedchancetostudyhumpbackwhalesinthewild.Scientistswereabletogathersoundrecordingsandwatchtheirbehaviors.Thisisespeciallyexcitingbecausehumpbackwhalesareanendangeredspecies.What'smore,scientistsdon'tusuallyhavethechancetoobserve(观察)themintheirnaturalhabitat.

"Allthosethingsareveryhardtoget,"saidOswald,"Sowhatwearedoingisfillinguptheknowledgeblankonhumpbackwhalesinthewild."Scientistsshouldbeabletousethisinformationtohelpotherlostwhalesinthefuture.

1.JimOswaldwasveryhappybecause________.

A.thewhalestraveledtoSacramentoBayB.hefoundthelosthumpbackwhales

C.thescientistsheldagreatcelebrationD.thewhalesreturnedtothePacificOcean

2.Inordertomakethewhalesgobacktotheocean,thebiologists_________.

A.fedthemwithotheranimalsB.swamintoopenwater

C.playedmusictothemD.playedstrangesoundstothem

3.Thefifthparagraphmainlytellsusthat______.

A.humpbackwhaleswilldisappearinthefuture

B.humpbackwhaleswereexcitedintheirnaturalhabitat

C.scientistslearnedmoreabouthumpbackwhales

D.scientistsareworriedabouthumpbackwhales

4.What'sthebesttitleforthepassage

A.LookingfortheLostWhalesB.HelpingtheLostWhales

C.TheLostWhalesReturnedD.TwoWhalesWereLost

C

Wehavetwodaughters:KristenissevenyearsoldandKellyisfour.LastSundayevening,weinvitedsomepeoplehomefordinner.Idressedthemnicelyfortheparty,andtoldthemthattheirjobwastojoinMommyinansweringthedoorwhenthebellrang.Mommywouldintroducethemtotheguests,andthentheywouldtaketheguests'coatsupstairsandputthemonthebedinthesecondbedroom.

Later,theguestsarrived.Iintroducedmytwodaughterstoeachofthem.Theadultswereniceandkindandsaidhowluckyweweretohavesuchgoodkids.Eachoftheguestsmadeaparticularfussover(过分爱护)Kelly,theyoungerone,admiringherdress,herhairandhersmile.Theysaidshewasaremarkablegirltobecarryingcoatsupstairsatherage.

Ithoughttomyselfthatweadultsusuallymakeabig"todo"overtheyoungeronebecauseshe'stheonewhoseemsmoreeasilytobehurt.Wedoitwiththebestofintentions(意图).

Butweseldomthinkofhowitmightaffecttheotherchild.IwasalittleworriedthatKristenwouldfeelshewasbeingoutshone(使黯然失色).IwasabouttoservedinnerwhenIrealizedthatshehadbeenmissingfortwentyminutes.Iranupstairsandfoundherinthebedroom,crying.Isaid,"Whatareyoudoing,mydear"Sheturnedtomewithasadexpressionandsaid,"Mommy,whydon'tpeoplelikemethewaytheylikemysisterIsitbecauseI'mnotprettyIsthatwhytheydon'tsaynicethingsaboutmeasmuch"Itriedtoexplaintoher,kissingandhugginghertomakeherfeelbetter.

Now,wheneverIvisitafriend'shome,Imakeitapointtospeaktotheelderchildfirst.

1.Whatdoestheunderlinedexpression"makeabig'todo'over"inParagraph3mean

A.Showmuchconcernabout.B.Haveaspecialeffecton.

C.Listjobstobedonefor.D.Dogoodthingsfor.

2.TheguestspraisedKellyforcarryingcoatsupstairsbecauseofher______.

A.beautifulhairB.prettyclothesC.lovelysmileD.youngage

3.WhydidKristenfeelsadandcry

A.Shedidn'tlookasprettyasKelly.

B.Theguestsgavehermorecoatstocarry.

C.Theguestspraisedherlittlesistermorethanher.

D.Hermotherdidn'tintroducehertotheguests.

4.Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellus

A.Adultsshouldtreatchildrenequally.

B.Peopleusuallyliketheyoungerchildrenmore.

C.Theyoungerchildrenareusuallymoreeasilyhurt.

D.Parentsshouldpaymoreattentiontotheelderchildren.

D

Themorecuriousweareaboutatopic,theeasieritistoremembernotonlyinformationaboutthattopic,butalsootherunrelatedinformationshownatthesametime.AstudypublishedinNeuronshowswhathappensinsideourbrainswhenourcuriosityissparked.

Participantsinthestudywereaskedtorate(评估)howcurioustheyweretofindouttheanswertoaspecificquestion,suchas"Whatdoestheterm'dinosaur'actuallymean"Theywerethenplacedinamagneticresonancemachine(磁共振机)thatmeasuresbrainactivityonthebasisofchangesinthebloodflowwhenthebrainiscarryingoutcertaintasks.Theysawthequestionagainfollowedbytheimageofaperson'sfaceandwereaskedtomakeaspecificdecisionabouttheperson.Finally,theywereshowntheanswertothequestion.Afterthescan,theycompletedasurprisetestontheanswerstothequestionsandalsoontheirabilitytorecognisethefacesshownduringthescan.

Theresearchpublishedthreekeyfindings.Firstly,whencurioustolearntheanswertoaquestionpeoplewerebetteratlearningthatinformation.Themostsurprisingwasthatparticipantshadgreaterrecallofthecompletelyirrelevantinformation—suchastheface—shownatthesametime.Secondly,whencuriositywasencouraged,theresearchfoundthattherewasincreasedactivityintheregionofthebrainrelatedtomemory.Andlastly,therewasincreasedactivityintheregionofthebrainconnectedwithrewardwhencuriositywasencouraged.

BehavioralneuroscientistJeeHyunKimsaidmorecouldbedonetoseewhetherthedifferentlevelsofcuriosityanddifferentmotivations(动机)frompersontopersonhaveaneffectonmemoryandlearning.

AmyReichelt,apsychologyexpert,said,"Encouragingcuriosityisreallyimportantacrossallages,fromschoolstotheworkplace,andcuriosityisespeciallyhelpfultochildrenwhostruggleatschool."

1.Howdidscientistslearnaboutcuriosityandthehumanbrain

A.Byshowingpeopleapictureofadinosaurwhilethey'reinamagneticresonancemachine.

B.Byaskingpeopletorememberimportanteventswhilethey'reinamagneticresonancemachine.

C.Bygivingpeoplequizzesandusingamagneticresonancemachinetoscoreeachofthetests.

D.Byaskingpeoplequestionswhileamagneticresonancemachinemeasuredtheirbrainactivity.

2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"irrelevant"inParagraph3referto

A.Important.B.Unrelated.C.Detailed.D.Obvious.

3.What'sAmyReichelt'sattitudetowardscuriosityinthepassage

A.Disapproving.B.Cautious.C.Positive.D.Admiring.

4.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout

A.Therelationshipbetweencuriosityandmotivations.

B.Theinfluencecuriosityhasonmemoryandlearning.

C.Motivationsandrewardsaremoreimportantthancuriosity.

D.Howrewardsencouragecuriosityacrossallagesinlearning.

第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Children'sGamesinAncientChina

Unlikethechildrennowadays,thechildrenduringancienttimesdidn'thavesmartphone,iPadorcomputertoentertain(娱乐)themselves.①_____Let'stakealook.

Flyingkites

Kiteshavequitealonghistory.Theearliestkitesweremadeofwood,insteadofpaper.Nowadays,thethreemostfamouskitesaretheBeijingkite,TianjinkiteandWeifangkite.②_____Forexample,theswallow-shapedkiteisawell-knownBeijingstyle.

Playinghide-and-seek(捉迷藏)

Hide-and-seekisatraditionalgameforchildren,populararoundthenation.Evennowadays,manychildrenlikeplayingit.Therearetwowaystoplay.Onewayiscoveringachild'seyeswhileotherkidsrunaroundtotease(戏弄)him.③_____

④_____

Theclosestthingtowatchingafilmortelevisionforentertainmentduringancienttimeswasgoingtoseeashadowplay(皮影戏).Folkartistsmanipulatepuppetsbehindthescreen,narratingstoriesandaccompaniedbymusic.

Settingofffirecrackers(鞭炮)

Firecrackershaveahistoryofmorethan2,000years.Itissaidthattherewasabeast(野兽)namedNianinancientChina.⑤_____Aftergunpowderwasinvented,itgraduallyreplacedthebamboojointcracker.CrackersarestillsetoffduringSpringFestivaltosymbolizeauspiciousness(吉利).

A.Andtoscareoffthebeast,peopleburntbamboojointstomakeitblast(爆炸)

B.Watchingshadowplays

C.Instead,theycameupwithinterestinggamestoplayintheirchildhood.

D.Eachofthemhasspecialfeatures.

E.Differentmaterialsareusedtomakethekite.

F.Shadowplayswerethepopularentertainingforminancienttimes.

G.Morecommonly,participantshideandonechildmusttrytofindthem.

第二部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Iwassaidtobetheworststudentinmyclass,andmyfamilythoughtIwashopeless.Ihadto1sixthgrade.Atthattimeanewteacher,MissSadia,cametoourschool.

Onedayafterclass,she2thatIwasstayingaloneduringthelunchbreak.Shecametomeandbegantotalktome.Itwasjusta3conversation.Afterthatday,shegavemeparticular4anditmademefeelspecial.Istartedtoworkhardbecauseshegavemethefeelingthatsomeonebelievedme,andmy5startedtoimproveinhersubject.

Monthslater,shemovedintoahousenearmyhome.Wewouldwalkhometogetherafterschool.Herconstant(不断的)supporthelpedme,6inmystudies,asIknewshewould7mygradesbothinhersubjectandothersubjects.Ifinally8secondinmyclass.

Then,aftersixthgrade,shestartedtodriftaway(渐渐疏远)9stillkeptaconstantcheckonme.BythetimeIwasinseventhgrade,wehardlyspoke,butbythenIhadbecomethebestinmyclass.WhenIleftmyschool,Iwas10withher,assheneveransweredthe11whenIcalledher.

ThenIgraduatedandwenttoagooduniversity.Onefineday,ourpaths(路)12again.Imetheratawedding.Icouldnot13askingher,"Whydidyoustoptalkingtome"

"Youareacleverboy.Iwantedyoutobeatreestandingonyourownroots,notdependingonothers.NowhereyouareandIfeel14ofyou.Youareyourinspirationanddonotneedto15ashoulder,"shesaid.Icouldnotsayanything,butIsmiled.I'llalwaysthankher.

1.A.jumpB.attendC.copyD.repeat

2.A.heardB.noticedC.learnedD.sensed

3.A.stupidB.uselessC.normalD.secret

4.A.attentionB.attractionC.explanationD.examination

5.A.wordsB.objectsC.classesD.grades

6.A.generallyB.actuallyC.especiallyD.usually

7.A.changeB.lookC.improveD.check

8.A.receivedB.cameC.caughtD.held

9.A.butB.asC.orD.so

10.A.outoftouchB.incommonC.outofreachD.intouch

11.A.roadB.schoolyardC.phoneD.machine

12.A.separatedB.formedC.addedD.crossed

13.A.finishB.helpC.preventD.keep

14.A.sadB.proudC.goodD.ashamed

15.A.giveupB.getonC.lookforD.takeup

第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

IfyouvisitasupermarketintheUKinMarchorApril,youwillnoticeastrangething:Theshelvesarefilledwithlarge,brightly-coloredeggs.

Lookalittle①________(close)andyouwilldiscoversomethingelse.Theseeggsaren'treal.Infact,they②________(make)ofchocolate.Andthatcanmeanonlyonething—it'sEastertimeagain.

Easterisafestival③________hasbeencelebratedinBritainforthousandsofyears.Thesedayswemarktheoccasion(时刻)by④________(give)eachotherchocolateeggs,orEastereggs.Butwhataretherootsofthis⑤________(tradition)event

ForChristianpeople,Easterisareligiousfestival.According⑥________theBible,JesusChristwaskilledbytheRomans⑦________camebacktolifethreedayslater.Thatis⑧________Easterisseenasatimeofrebirth.

However,somepeoplesuggestthatEasterhasitsoriginsinpre-Christiantimes.Theysaythattheveryearliestsocietycelebratedtheendofwinterandthebeginningofspring—thetime⑨________lifereturnstotheland.

Whateveritsoriginsare,Easterisabigbusiness.TheUK'sbiggestretailer(零售商)ofEastereggssoldmorethan20millionunitslastyearandsomeEastereggscancostmore⑩________20!

第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（满分15分）

假定你是李华，你校将选派10名学生去国外参加以"皮影戏(Shadowplay)"为主题的文化交流活动。请你给负责此事的外教Jessica写信申请参加该活动。内容包括：

1.写信的目的；

2.自己的优势；

3.表达期待。

注意：

1.词数80左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

第二节（满分25分）

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Ihandedthecardfrommyschool'shelp-wantedboardtothemanbehindthecounterofMort'sDeli(熟食店).EvenbeforeIopenedmymouth,hewasshakinghishead.

ItwasSeptember1957,andmyfamilyhadjustarrivedinCalifornia.Myfatheronlygotworktwoorthreedaysaweek.Ourpoorsavingsweregone,andastheeldestboyofthefamily,Iwastheonlyoneabletohelp.

"Letmeworktherestoftheweek,andifyoudon'tlikethewayIdothejob,don'tpayme,"Isaid.Thetallmanstaredatme,andthennodded,"I'mMortRobin.What'syourname"

AtMort's,Iworkedveryhard.Neartheendofthedayhecalledmeuptohim."Howmuchdidthatcardatschoolsaythisjobpaid"heasked."Onedollaranhour,"Isaidinalowvoice.ActuallyIwaswillingtotakeless.

"That'snotenoughforsomeonewhoworksashardasyou,"Mortsaid."Youstartat1.25."Overthenextfewweeks,IlearnedalotaboutMort.Afewyearsolderthanmydad,hewasfromChicagoandhadadaughteratmyage.Whenbusinesswasslow,heoftensharedstoriesabouthisarmydays.OurstorewasclosedonSundays,soeverySaturdayeveningMorturgedmetotakehometheleftoversoup.Itwasamealinitself,atreatformystrugglingfamily.

OneSaturdayafterwork,IwasabouttostepinmyhousewhenIsawalargebaldmaninmyfather'schair.Hewasshoutingatmyfather.Iquietlywalkedintothekitchenandlistenedthroughthedoor.Themanwantedtotakeourcar.IhadbeeninLosAngelesjustlongenoughtounderstandhowextremelyimportantandnecessaryacarwas.Dadofferedtomakethethreepaymentsthatweredue(应给的),butthemandemandedtheentiresum—$325,orthecar.

Islippedoutofthedoor,thinking:Whomighthave$325Whowouldevenconsiderlendingmesomuchmoney

注意：

1.续写词数应为150左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

TheonlypersonIcouldthinkofwasMort.____________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Icalmlyhandedthemanthemoney.__________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

答案以及解析

第一部分阅读理解

第一节

A

答案：1-3.BAC

解析：1.考查细节理解。根据文中Visitanationalpark中的描述"Ifyou'reupforachallenge,youcanclimbtheHalfDomeinYosemiteNationalParkorracedownthehillsofsandinColorado"可知,如果你愿意去挑战,你可以去爬约塞米蒂国家公园的HalfDome,或者冲下科罗拉多州的沙丘。这些活动都是很刺激的活动。故选B。

2.考查细节理解。文中对四种度假方式的描述中分别用到了affordable,"Itdoesn'tcostmuch"和cheap,这表明这四种度假方式都不贵,而wallet-friendly的意思是"省钱"。故选A。

3.考查细节理解。根据RentanRV(旅行房车)中的描述"UsinganRVforavacationmeansyou'repayingforyourtransportationandlodging(寄宿)allinone"可知,旅行房车度假意味着付一次款可以同时解决交通与住宿两个问题。killtwobirdswithonestone的意思是"一箭双雕",符合文意。故选C。

B

答案：1-4.DDCC

解析：1.推理判断题。根据第一段中的"ScientistsandmarinebiologistshadsomethingtocelebratelastweekwhentwolosthumpbackwhalesreturnedtothePacificOcean."和第二段"'Weallshoutedloudlylike...'"可知,JimOswald非常高兴,因为迷路的座头鲸又回到了太平洋。故选D。

2.细节理解题。根据第四段中的"Biologistsplayedrecordingsofwhale-feedingaswellasunfamiliarsoundstotrytomakethewhalesheadbacktothePacificOcean."可知,为了让座头鲸回到海里,生物学家们给它们播放奇怪的声音。故选D。

3.推理判断题。从第五段中的"DeltaandDawngavescientistsanunexpectedchancetostudyhumpbackwhalesinthewild.Scientistswereabletogathersoundrecordingsandwatchtheirbehaviors...humpbackwhalesareanendangeredspecies"可知,科学家们通过对Delta和Dawn的研究,对座头鲸这种濒危动物有了更多的了解。故选C。

4.主旨大意题。根据第一段"ScientistsandmarinebiologistshadsomethingtocelebratelastweekwhentwolosthumpbackwhalesreturnedtothePacificOcean.DeltaandDawn—amotherandababy—hadcircledtheSacramentoBayareafortwoweeksbeforegoingbacktotheocean."可知,文章主要讲述了科学家、海洋生物学家帮助迷路的两头座头鲸回归了太平洋。故选C。

C

答案：1-4.ADCA

解析：1.考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的"Eachoftheguestsmadeaparticularfussover(过分爱护)Kelly,theyoungerone,admiringherdress,herhairandhersmile"可知,客人更关心较小的孩子,夸奖较小的孩子成了客人一定要做的事情。故选A。

2.考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"Theysaidshewasaremarkablegirltobecarryingcoatsupstairsatherage"和第三段中的"Ithoughttomyselfthatweadultsusuallymakeabig'todo'overtheyoungeronebecauseshe'stheonewhoseemsmoreeasilytobehurt"可知,客人们表扬Kelly是因为她年龄较小。故选D。

3.考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的"Mommy,whydon'tpeoplelikemethewaytheylikemysisterIsitbecauseI'mnotprettyIsthatwhytheydon'tsaynicethingsaboutmeasmuch"可知,Kristen难过是因为客人表扬妹妹更多。故选C。

4.考查推理判断。从最后一段"Now,wheneverIvisitafriend'shome,Imakeitapointtospeaktotheelderchildfirst"可知,通过讲述这件事情想要告诉我们:我们应该平等地对待孩子们,无论孩子年龄大小。故选A。

D

答案：1-4.DBCB

解析：1.考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"Participantsinthestudywereaskedtorate(评估)...makeaspecificdecisionabouttheperson"可知,科学家通过询问人们问题,同时用磁共振机测量他们的大脑活动,以此来了解人们的好奇心和大脑。故选D。

2.考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的"Themorecuriousweareaboutatopic,theeasieritistoremembernotonlyinformationaboutthattopic,butalsootherunrelatedinformationshownatthesametime"、画线词前面的"whencurioustolearntheanswertoaquestionpeoplewerebetteratlearningthatinformation"以及画线词后面的"suchastheface—shownatthesametime"可知,研究表明,参与者在对一个问题好奇时会更善于了解这个信息,并对同时出现的其他不相关的信息也有更好的记忆。故画线词的意思是unrelated"不相关的"。故选B。

3.考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"Encouragingcuriosityisreallyimportantacrossallages,fromschoolstotheworkplace,andcuriosityisespeciallyhelpfultochildrenwhostruggleatschool"可知,从学校到工作场所,激发好奇心对各个年龄段的人都非常重要,而且好奇心对在学校里学习吃力的孩子尤其有帮助。由此可推知,AmyReichelt对好奇心的态度是积极的。故选C。

4.考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的"Themorecuriousweareaboutatopic,theeasieritistoremembernotonlyinformationaboutthattopic,butalsootherunrelatedinformationshownatthesametime"可知,我们对一个话题越好奇,就越容易记住这个话题的有关信息,也更容易记住同时出现的其他不相关的信息。同时结合第四段、第五段内容可知,这篇文章主要讲了好奇心对记忆和学习的影响。故选B。

第二节

答案：CDGBA

解析：这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四种古代中国的儿童游戏。

①根据上文"Unlikethechildrennowadays,thechildrenduringancienttimesdidn'thavesmartphones,iPadsorcomputerstoentertain(娱乐)themselves."(不像现在的孩子,古代的孩子没有智能手机、平板或电脑来自娱自乐)和下文"Let'stakealook."可知该空承上启下,C选项"相反,他们想出了有趣的游戏在他们的童年玩"切题。故选C。

②根据上文"Nowadays,thethreemostfamouskitesaretheBeijingkite,TianjinkiteandWeifangkite."(现在,最著名的三种风筝是北京风筝、天津风筝和潍坊风等)和下文"Forexample,theswallow-shapedkiteisawell-knownBeijingstyle."(例如,燕子形状的风筝是著名的北京风格)可知,该空承上启下,D选项"它们都有各自的特点"切题。故选D。

③根据上文"Therearetwowaystoplay.Onewayiscoveringachild'seyeswhileotherkidsrunaroundtotease(戏弄)him."(有两种玩法。一种玩法是当其他孩子跑来跑去逗他的时候,遮住这个孩子的眼睛)可知,该空承接上文,G选项"更常见的是,参与者躲起来,然后一个孩子必须设法找到他们"切题。故选G。

④这一段的大意是,在古代,与看电影或电视最接近的娱乐方式就是看皮影戏。民间艺人在幕后操纵木偶,讲述故事,并配以音乐。所以这一段的标题是"看皮影戏"。故选B。

⑤根据上文"Itissaidthattherewasabeast(野兽)namedNianinancientChina."(据说在中国古代有一只叫年的野兽)和下文"Aftergunpowderwasinvented,itgraduallyreplacedthebamboojointcracker."(火药被发明后,逐渐取代了竹节爆竹)可知,该空承上启下,A选项"为了吓跑这头野兽,人们烧了竹节使它爆炸"切题。故选A。

第二部分语言知识运用

第一节

答案：1-5.DBCAD;6-10.CDBAA;11-15.CDBBC

解析：1.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我不得不在六年级留级。jump跳跃;attend参加;copy抄写,复印;repeat重复。根据上文"Iwassaidtobetheworststudentinmyclass,andmyfamilythoughtIwashopeless."可推知,"我"不得不在六年级复读一年。故选D。

2.考查动词词义辨析。句意:天下课后,她注意到我在个休期间独自待着。hear听见;notice注意;learn学习;sense感觉到,察觉出。根据下文"Shecametomeandbegantotalktome."可知,老师注意到了"我"。故选B。

3.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:那只是一次普通的谈话。stupid愚蠢的;useless无用的;normal正常的,一般的;secret秘密的。根据语境可知,那只是一次普通的谈话。故选C。

4.考查名词词义辨析。句意:从那一天以后,她对我特别关照,这让我觉得自己很特别。attention注意,关心;attraction吸引;explanation解释;examination考试。根据下文"Istartedtoworkhardbecauseshegavemethefeelingthatsomeonebelievedme,andmy5startedtoimproveinhersubject."可知,老师给"我"的特别关注,让"我"开始努力学习。故选A。

5.考查名词词义辨析。句意:我开始努力学习,因为她给我的感觉是有人相信我,在她所教的学科上我的成绩开始有所提升。word单词;object物体;class班级;grade成绩。根据下文"asIknewshewould7mygradesbothinhersubjectandothersubjects"可知,此处应指成绩。故选D。

6.考查副词词义辨析。句意:她不断的支持帮助了我,尤其是在我的学习上,因为我知道她会检查我在她的科目和其他科目上的成绩。generally一般地;actually事实上;especially尤其,特别地;usually通常。根据下文"asIknewshewould7mygradesbothinhersubjectandothersubjects"可知.此处强调老师在"我"的学习上提供帮助。故选C。

7.考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。change改变;look看;improve提高;check检查。根据下文"Then,aftersixthgrade,shestartedtodriftaway9stillkeptaconstantcheckonme."可知,她会检查"我"在她的科目和其他科目上的成绩。故选D。

8.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我最终在班级里进步到了第二名。receive接收;come来到;catch接住;hold抓住。根据语境可知,此处指"我"进步到了第二名。故选B。

9.考查连词辨析。句意:然后,六年级之后她开始渐渐疏远我,但她仍然不停地检查我(的功课)。but但是;as因为;or或者;so因此。根据句意可知,设空处前后为转折关系。故选A。

10.考查介词短语辨析。句意:当我离开学校的时候,我和她失去了联系,因为我给她打电话的时候她从来不接电话。outoftouch失去联系;incommon共有;outofreach够不到;intouch有联系。根据下文"assheneveransweredthe11whenIcalledher"可知,"我"和她失去了联系。故选A。

11.考查名词词义辨析。创意同上。road公路schoolyard校园;phone电话;machine机器。根据下文"whenIcalledher"可知,此处指"接电话"。故选C。

12.考查动词词义辨析。句意:在一个晴朗的日子里,我们又相遇了。separate分离;form组成;add增加;cross相交。根据下文"Imetheratawedding."可知,"我"和她又见面了。故选D。

13.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我禁不住问她:"你为什么不跟我说话了"finish完成;help帮助;prevent阻止;keep保持。can'thelpdoingsth.意为"禁不住做某事"。故选B。

14.考查形容词词义辨析