Unit+1+Grammar 牛津译林版英语八年级上册

Unit1FriendsGrammar1.Thesunis__________(big)thantheearth.2.Whichoneis________(heavy),thisboxorthatone?3.Whois________(tall),PingpingorYangyang?4.Themoonlooks__________(bright)and__________(round)thanusualonMid-autumnDay.5.Inourclass,Pingpingisthe________(tall).6.Helen’scoatisthe_________(nice)ofthethreecoats.7.Lilyisthe_______(old)ofthethree.biggerheaviertallerbrighterroundertallestnicestoldest8.Theredbagisso_____(heavy),butthewhitebagis_______(heavy)thanit.Theyellowbagis_______(heavy)thanthewhiteone.Sotheyellowoneis__________(heavy)ofthethree.9.Whichis

(fast),bike,busorplane?10.WangFangis

(brave)thanme.Ishouldlearnfromher.11.Ihave

(bad)memoryinmyclass.12.Heisoneof

(popular)singersinChina.13.Parisisquite

(beautiful)anditis

(beautiful)thanLondon.heavyheavierheavierthe

heaviestthefastestbraverworsethemostpopularbeautifulmorebeautiful14.Computersareverypopularnowandtheyaremuch_________(cheap)thanbefore.15.The____________(careful)weare,the________(few)mistakeswewillmake.16.Hefeelseven_________(ill)today.cheapermore

carefulfewerworseManypeoplewanttoknowthe__________oftheelephant,doyouhaveanygoodideasto_________it?zxxkweightweighHewantstoloseweightbyexercising.heightn.高，高度，身高

high/talladj.theheightof……的高度weightn.体重，重量weighv.重，称重

theweightof……的重量短语：loseweight减肥

putonweight增肥

takeone’sweight称某人的体重sec./sek/=second1).________isshortforsecond.2).Howmany__________arethereinaminute?Sixty.Sec.secondstest

n.&v.测试，考查进行一次英语测试参加下一次的测试测试你的单词测试我的能力have/takeanEnglishtesttestyourwordstakepartinthenexttesttestmyabilitycompetition/kɒmpə`tIʃn/

n.竞赛，比赛，竞争画画比赛写作比赛有竞争意识一场令人激动的比赛adrawingcompetitionhaveasenseofcompetitionawritingcompetitionanexcitingcompetitioncompetev.竞争，对抗badworse更差的worst最差的Whichfloweris______,thisoneorthatone?Thatfloweris________ofall.worsetheworstbad/badly—worse—worstworse(bad的比较级)更坏，更差worst(bad的最高级)最坏，最差height高度；身高weight重量；体重sec.(=second)

秒competition竞赛，比赛；竞争test测试，考查swimmer游泳者Readaloudthesenewwords.

Describingthingswithadjectivesbeforenouns:修饰名词（名词之前）作定语afterlinkingverb:系动词之后（作表语）alazycat:be,grow,becomekeep,turn,get,smell,taste,feellookseemWeuseadjectivestodescribesb/sth.Weputthemhere:

形容词通常有三种形式:原级，比较级和最高级，用来表示人或事物在某方面的不同程度。比较级和最高级(Comparativeandsuperlativeadjectives)Comparatives(比较级)Weusethemtocompare___things/peopleandadd____afterthem.B.Superlatives(最高级)Weusethemtocompare___________things/peopleandadd___or_____beforethem.twothanthreeormoretheone’s

原级比较级最高级规则变化短词talltallertallest长词interestingmore+interestingmost+interesting不规则变化goodbetterbest形容词比较级和最高级形式词尾＋er词尾＋est构成方法原级比较级最高级longfewcheaplongerfewercheaperlongestfewestcheapestnicesafelatenicersaferlaternicestsafestlatestbighotthinslimbiggerhotterthinnerslimmerbiggesthottestthinnestslimmestprettyunhappyheavyprettierunhappierheavierprettiestunhappiestheaviest大部分单音节词在词尾加-er或-est以字母e结尾的词，加-r或-st重读闭音节词只有一个辅音字母时，应先双写辅音字母，再加-er或-est以辅音字母+y结尾的双音节词，先改“y”为“i”,再加-er或-estFormComparativesandSuperlatives构成方法原级比较级最高级generouscarefuldangerousamazingmoregenerousmorecarefulmoredangerousmoreamazingmostgenerousmostcarefulmostdangerousmostamazing不规则变法good/wellbetterbestbad/badly/illworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther（更远的）farthestfurther（深入的）furthestoldolder/elderoldest/eldest部分双音节词和多音节词在前面加more或most一般情况下，以-ly或-ed结尾的adj.加more和most构成比较级和最高级morefriendly/lovelymoretiredAdjectiveComparativeSuperlativefunnybadhealthycarefullargesmartslimfunnierfunniestworsehealthierworsthealthiestmorecarefulmostcarefullargerlargestsmartersmartestslimmerslimmestCompletethetablebelow.shortercutershortestcutesthappierhappiestlazierlaziestbiggerbiggestthinnerthinnestsaddersaddestbetterbestworseworstdifficultinterestingmoredifficultmostdifficultmoreinterestingmostinterestingTask-1Danieliswritingabouthisclassmates.Helphimcompletethefollowingtablewiththecorrectadjectives.P12形容词比较级的句型结构Heisolderthanyou.主语+动词+形容词比较级+than+比较对象形容词最高级的句型结构I’mtheoldestofthethree.主语+动词+形容词的最高级+of/among+比较对象(同类别）（+in+比较范围

）Donaldis_________(neat)Sam.neaterthan1.Janeis_____________(tall)Amy.2.Carlis_____________(heavy)Jack.3.Iam_______________(fat)Betty.4.Thepieis____________(good)thecake.5.Julieis______________(thin)John.6.Herparentsaren’t___________(rich)his.7.Myhomeisn’t______________(far)hers.tallerthanheavierthanfatterthanbetterthanthinnerthanricherthanfartherthan

Brianis__________(smart)personIknow.thesmartest1.Marvinis______________(clever)boy.2.Uncleis____________________(interesting)personinourfamily.3.Wehave____________(large)roominthebuilding.4.Melis_____________(lazy)studentofall.thecleverestthemostinterestingthelargestthelaziestthetallestheavierthantheheaviesttheslowestthefastestmorebeautifulthanthemostbeautifulbetterthanthebestTask-2Danielhasmadeaprofileofhisclassmates.Readtheprofileandcompletehisnotes.P121.“Which/Who…+比较级，AorB？”的句型来表示在两者中选择.e.g.Whoistaller,LucyorJim?Whichisbigger,thesunorthemoon?区分于“Which/Who…+最高级，A，BorC？”表示“A，B和C中，哪一个/谁最…？”e.g.Whoisthetallest,Lucy,JimorKate?Whichisthebiggest,thesun,theearthorthemoon?adj./adv.比较级用法adj./adv.比较级用法2.表一方超过另一方用“比较级+than…”3.表一方随另一方变化而变化(越……,越……):

“the+比较级

(+主+谓),the+比较级

(+主+谓)”

eg.

1)越高越糟。

2)越晚越危险。Thehigher,theworse.Thelater,themoredangerous.adj./adv.比较级用法4.表本身程度变化(越来越……):比较级+and+比较级(短）eg.1)他的鞋子越来越脏。

2)衣服越来越贵。3)她们跳得越来越美。Hisshoesaredirtieranddirtier.more+andmore+原级（长)

只用于以“more”构成比较级的词Clothesaremoreandmoreexpensive.Theydancemoreandmorebeautifully.Ourcountryisgettingmoreandmorebeautiful.Hisroomwascleanerandcleanerafterhiswifecame.adj./adv.比较级用法5.“the+比较级+of

两者”表示“在两者中较…”e.g.Lilyis___________(short)ofthetwogirls.theshorterHeisthetallerofthetwins.区别于the+最高级+of（大于等于3）者

表示“在多者中最...”Heisthetallerofthechildren.Heisthetallest(tall)ofthe3students.Heisthetaller(tall)ofthe2students.6.比较对象相同,为免重复，在than后常用one(s),that,those等词来替代前面提到过的名词。e.g.Theweatherthereisbetterthan_____inNanjing.A.oneB.itC.thatD.thoseadj./adv.比较级用法ThewordsinUnit1iseasierthan_____inUnit2.A.oneB.thoseC.itD.that

7如果主语是物主代词+名词，那么后面要用名词性物主代词.eg:Hisshirtismoreexpensivethanmine.8.形容词比较级前可加数词,表示“大（小）…多少”“长（短）…多少”

eg:Heisfiveyearsyoungerthanme.

他比我小五岁。9.表示倍数时用:…times+比较级+than…eg:Myroomisthreetimesbiggerthanyours.adj./adv.比较级用法10.在比较级前可用much,even,alittle,alot和far等来修饰e.g.Nowtheairinourhometownis_______thanitwasbefore.A.muchbetterB.moreworseC.morebetterD.muchworsteg.Hewaseven____________(happy)atthattime.very,quite,so,such,too只能修饰原级happiermore帮助一些词构成比较级（不要出现moreyounger的形式）adj./adv.比较级用法11.同义句：

比较级+thananyother+单数名词

=比较级+thantheother+复数名词

=最高级+范围eg.Springisthebestseasonoftheyear.=Springisbetter_______________seasonoftheyear.=Springisbetter________________seasonsoftheyear.thananyotherthantheother12多音节形容词的比较等级比较级:more+adj+than较

less+adj+than不及/不如最高级:themost+adj最

theleast+adj最不e.g.Hikingismorepopularthancamping.=Campingislesspopularthanhiking.=Campingisn’taspopularashiking.最高级/比较级/同级比较的相互转换：

ShanghaiisthebiggestcityinChina.=ShanghaiisbiggerthananyothercityinChina.=ShanghaiisbiggerthantheothercitiesinChina.Lucyisthemostinterestingstudentinourclass.=Lucyismoreinterestingthan

anyotherstudentinourclass.=Lucyismoreinterestingthantheotherstudentsinourclass.重要的句型转换：Heisthetallestinourclass.Heistallerthananyoneelseinourclass.

anyotherstudentinourclass.

theotherstudentsinourclass.Nooneelseistallerthanhiminourclass.易混淆的：●Wuhanisbiggerthan________cityinChina.●Wuhanisbiggerthan_____cityinJiangsu.A.theotherB.anyC.otherD.anyotheranyotherany当某一事物与其它事物作比较时，被比较事物中不能包括本身。如：

ShanghaiislargerthananycityinHubei.

前后有所属关系用anyother,无关系用any不包含：比较级+thanany+单数名词

adj./adv.最高级用法1.三者或以上相比,表示最高程度用“the+最高级”adv.最高级可省略the**最高级后常有介词短语(of/among/in…)来表示范围。adj.最高级也可用one’s替代theJackisourbestfriend.Tomisthetallestoneofthree.ThisbookisAmy’s

cheapestoneamongthesebooks.ItisthebiggestcityinChina.adj./adv.最高级用法2.oneof+the+最高级+复数名词表示“最……之一”e.g.Thehairclipisoneof_______________(pretty)amongthoseones.Hewasoneof_______________(fast) _____________(swim)ofall.theprettiestthefastestswimmerse.g.ChangjiangisshorterthanHuanghe,butlongerthantheotherriversinChina.=Changjiangis_________________riverinChina.adj./adv.最高级用法3.thesecond/third/fourth…+最高级表示“第几……”e.g.Millieisthethird_________(tall)inherclass.tallestthesecondlongest4固定短语中atleast至少atmost最多do/tryone’sbest尽某人最大的力Moreexercise1.Shanghaiismuch_____(big)thanLianyungang.2.TheboysinClass9are______and__________(strong)andthegirlsare_____and_________________(beautiful).3.Itishottoday.Itwillbeeven________(hot)tomorrow.4.MonitorWangis____(careful)thanQiWei.5.ZhangChiisalittle__(heavy)thanYeCheng.6.YeChengis_____(nice)thanDuanJunxun.7.WhoseEnglishis_____(good),TangDianorTengFei?biggerstrongerstrongermoremorebeautifulhottermorecarefulheaviernicerthebettermuch/even/alittle+比较级比较级+比较级；越来越。。。一、单项选择。1.Whichis_______,thesun,themoonortheearth?A.bigB.biggerC.biggestD.thebiggest2.Sheis_______swimmeramongthem.A.goodB.bestC.betterD.thebestExercise√√3.Herdrawingis_____thantheother three.A.beautifulB.morebeautifulC.themostbeautiful D.themorebeautiful4.Whosebikeis______,hisorhers?A.newB.newwerC.thenewestD.newer√√zxxk二、翻译句子。1.这台电脑比那台贵。

Thiscomputeris___________________thatone.2.这三个盒子哪一个最重？

Whichboxis______________________?3.今天比昨天热吗？

Istoday___________yesterday?moreexpensivethantheheaviestofthethreehotterthan4.在这些学生中，Sandy数学最好。

Sandyis_______________________________________.5.第一道数学题比第二道难得多。

Thefirstmathsproblemismuch______________________thesecondone.thebestatmathsamongthesestudentsmoredifficultthan()1.Mymotheris_______inourfamily.

A.

busiestB.

thebusiestC.

busierD.

busy()2.Thisappleis_______ofall.A.

redderB.

theredestC.

thereddestD.

reddest()3.Whichpenis_______,thisoneorthatone?A.

dearB.

dearestC.

thedearestD.dearer()4.Kateis____thanalltheothergirls.Sheis____ofall.A.

taller,tallestB.taller,thetallestC.thetallest,tallestD.tallest,thetallest()5._______ofthetwomenismyuncle.A.TheolderB.OldC.TheoldestD.Oldest

BCDBAMultipleChoice格林先生是这四个人当中最高最胖的。

MrGreenis_____________and__________________.2.

小香蕉往往比大香蕉好。

Smallbananasareoften_______________________.

3.我的铅笔比你的短得多。

Mypencilis______________________.4.在中国，哪一条河流最长？

Whichriveris__________________inChina?thetallestfattestofthefourbetterthanbigonesmuchshorterthanyoursthelongestTranslation格林先生是这四个人当中最高最胖的。

Mr.Greenis________and______________.2.

小香蕉往往比大香蕉好。Smallbananasareoften_________________.

3.我的画是绘画比赛中最美的。

Mydrawingis_____________________________________.thetallestfattestofthefourbetterthanbigonesthemostbeautifulinthedrawingcompetitionTranslationMydrawingismorebeautifulthan

anyotherdrawinginthedrawingcompetition.Mydrawingismorebeautifulthanalltheotherdrawingsinthedrawingcompetition.1.Doyouthinkmathsis___thanEnglish?

A.difficultB.asdifficultC.moredifficultD.mostdifficult2.—Whatdoyouthinkofthedress?—Wonderful.Idon’tthinkIcanfinda___one.A.goodB.betterC.badD.worstI.Multiplechoice(中考链接）.3.—Wouldyoumindstayinginsuchanoisyroom?—No,butmysonneedsa____placetostudyin.A.cleanerB.quieterC.saferD.smaller4.Wehavealovelyroom.It’soneof___inthehotel.A.niceB.nicerC.nicestD.thenicest5.MrSmiththoughttheCenturyParkwasthesecond_____inShanghai.

A.largeB.largerC.largestD.verylarge6.—Whichcityhas_____population,Beijing,GuiyangorXingyi?—Xingyi,ofcourse.A.thelargestB.thesmallestC.themostD.theleast7.Shu-HowLinisnowoneof_____basketballplayersintheNBA.

A.popularB.morepopularC.themostpopular8.Iworkhardthisterm,butPeterworksmuch_____.A.hardB.harderC.hardestD.thehardest9._____exerciseyoutake,_____you’ll