人教版八年级英语下册Unit1知识点讲解

11111Unit1Grammar〔ModalVerbs〕should用以表达职责和义务、提出劝告，而且表述的是自己的主观看法。1.should句式构造例句确定句主语+should+doTheyshouldeatabalaceddiet.他们应当平衡饮食。否认句主语+shouldnot+doTheyshouldn’teattoomuch.他们不该吃得太多。一般疑问句---Should一般疑问句---Should+do+…---It’stoocold.ShouldIclosethewindow---yes,主语+should.太冷了，我该关上窗户吗---No,主语+shouldn’t.---Yes,you ./No,you .是的，你应当。/不，你不应当。22222用法用法例句表示劝告、建议You answerthequestioninEnglish.你应当用英语答复这个问题。表示推想They beathomenow,Ithink.我认为，他们现在应当在家。表示惊异、赞美、不满等How Iknowit留意：shouldwh，wh，how喜或在说话人看来是不行思议的。二、其他表示建议的句型用法用法例句Shallwe/I+do+…Shallwe forawalk咱们去闲逛好吗What/Howabout+doing/sth…Whatabout swimming去游泳怎么样Let’s+do…Let’s and 们吧。You’d/We’dbetter(not)+do…We waitalittlelonger.我们最好再稍等一会儿。Whydon’tyou+do…Whydon’tyou awalkoutside为什么不出去闲逛呢Whynot+do…Why awalkoutside33333为什么不出去闲逛呢为什么不出去闲逛呢表示反射或强调的代词叫做反身代词。反身代词是由第一人称、其次人称形容词性物主代词或第三人称代selvesoneoneself.1、反身代词的分类数人称第一人称其次人称第三人称单数myselfyourselfHimself,herself,itself复数ourselvesyourselvesthemselvesEroduce,dress,help,他在自学英语。Eroduce,dress,help,他在自学英语。lookafter,getdressed作宾语Weenjoyed lastnight.昨天晚上我们玩得很愉快。做介词的宾语常用于in,on,with,of,after,byShelivesby inthe作宾语countryside.用法说明例句作动词的宾语常用于enjoy,teach,hurt,buy,Heis teaching 44444她一个人生活在乡下。她一个人生活在乡下。做同位语强调作用、加强语气Didyoumakethe cake这蛋糕是你亲自做的嘛Mr.Black isalawyer.布莱克先生本人就是一名律师。做表语强调“自己”Justbe .做你自己就好了。Maryhasn’tquitebeen recently.玛丽最近有些不对劲。单词的用法SectionAWhat’sthematter该句常用询问某人患了何种疾病或遇到了什么麻烦，其后用with引出对象。What’sthematterwithsb.=what’swrongwithsb.=what’sthetrouble/problemwithsb.55555=what’sone’strouble/problem.What’sthematterwithTom=what’s withTom=What’sthe withTom=What’sTom’s matter,.Wehaveimportant (matter)todiscuss.我们有些重要的问题要争论。.Itdosen’t thatyoucamelate.Ihaveacold.我感冒了。1).have/get/catchacold“感冒，着凉”Theoldman acoldyesterday.那位老人昨天感冒了。2).“have+a/an+疾病名称”意为“得了….病”haveafever,haveacough,haveaheadache…Ihaveasoreback.我背痛。“Ihaveasoresoreachesoresoresorefeet用于身体部位名词前soreleg sorethroat66666acheache名词，构成复合词headache;stomachacheliedownandandrest.1).lie的不同含义及词性变化单词单词词性词义现在分词过去式过去分词lie动词躺；平躺lyinglayLainlie动词说谎lyingliedLiedlie名词谎话无无无Katy (lie)onthebedandreadtheletterlastnight.凯蒂昨晚躺在床上看书。He (lie)tomeabouttheresult.对于结果他对我说了谎。2).restMayhimrestinpeace.have/takearest休息，放松=restYouneedtotakebreaksawayfromthecomputer.takebreaks=take/haveabreak休息Weare abreakunderthetree.我们正在树下休息。Yeah，IthinkIsatinthesamewayfortoolongwithoutmoving.是的，我想我以同样的姿势一动不动地坐太久了。1).Inthesameway:以同样的方式，以一样的方式Sheworkedoutthemathprobleminthesameway.777772).withoutYoucan’tbuythings money!你没有钱就买不了东西。Heleftwithout anything.他什么都没有说就离开了。…Whenthedriversawanoldmanlyingonthesideogtheroad.这时，司机看到路边躺着一位老人。see/watch/notice/hear sth. 强调看到/听到的动作的正在进展see/watch/notice/hear sth. 强调看到/听到的动作的完整性.Ioften him inthegardenlastmonth.上个月，我总是看到他在花园里干活。(强调全过程)I him inthegardenwhenIpassedbyyersterday.昨天我观看他正在花园里干活。(强调动作正在进展)Heexpectedmostorallthepassengerstogetoffandwaitforthenextbus.1).expect/代词“期盼；预料”Iam aphonecallfromher.我正在等她的。2).expecttodosth.Sheexpectstogotherenextweek.她期望下周去那里。3).expectsb.todosth. Heexpectedhertogowithhim.4).expect+that从句 Iexpectthathe’llcomebacktomorrow.Buttomysurprise,theyallagreedtogowithhim.88888toone’ssurprise my (surprise),herefusedtocooperatewithus.让我惊异的是，他拒绝与我们合作。agree“同意”agreetodosth.“同意做某事”agreewithsb.agreeonsth.“就某事达成全都”.Mymotheragreed (buy)meanewpen.Ientirelyagree you.Weagree thequestion.thanksto/thanksforthankstothanksto“多亏，由于”，todoingthanksfor“因…而感谢”，for后接感谢的缘由，常为名doingThanks you,Iamnotlost.幸亏你我才没有迷路。Thanks sendingmesuchanicegift.感谢你寄给我这么好的一个礼物。getintotrouble“造成麻烦〔或苦恼〕;陷入逆境”troublebeintrouble“再麻烦和逆境中”. Lisa troublewhensheclimedthemountain.99999Letushelpthepeoplewhoare .Didyoufalldownfall---fell---fallenfalldownfalldownfrom接宾语，falldownfrom，表示“从…摔下”falloff“跌落”，强调的是“从某处跌落，摔下来”=falldownfrom.Thedog downdead.那条狗倒下去死了。Theboy thetreeandbrokehislegs.Thegirl

thebike.SectionBSomeonefeltsick.Sick;生病的，恶心的。illsickillsicksick既可以作定语，也可以用作表语。表语时“恶心的”ill既可以作定语，也可以用作表语。作定语时：表示“品质恶劣的”.EverytimeIgetonaboat,Ifeel .Heisan student,becausehesmokesanddrinks.Ihavetolookaftermy sisterhomeathometoday.1010101010Someonegothitonthehead.有人头部受到了撞击。1).gethit为系表构造：gethit+on/in+the+身体部位的名词，表示“某身体部位受到了撞击”.Thepoliceofficer ontheshoulder.这位警官的肩膀受到了撞击。2).hit,“hitsb.on/intheThebullethithimontheback.子弹击中了他的后背。3).hit.Thesongwasahitatonce.haveproblemsbreathingbreathe,a.动词“呼吸”.Hewasbreathinghardwhenhefinishedtherace.b.名词，breath，没有“e”takeadeepbreath深呼吸；holdone’sbreathhaveproblems(in)doingsth.“做某事有困难或麻烦”. Ihave English.我学习英语有困难。beusedtodoing/beusedtodo/usedtodobeusedtodoingbeusedtodoing，to/doingbeusedtodo意为“被用来做…”to+dousedtodo，to+do. Iam to upearly.我习惯早起。Apenis to .钢笔是用来写字的。1111111111He to booksforanhoureveryday.他过去常常每天读一个小时的书。find1).find宾语adj. Wefoundhimdishonest.我们觉察他不恳切。2).find宾语doing Wefoundhim others’homework.我们觉察他在抄别人作业。3).find宾语副词和介词短语Iamsogladtofindyou .我很愉快觉察你在家。Ifoundtheclothes style.我觉察这些衣服过时了。runout/runoutof用完，耗尽runoutrunout“动词+副词”构造。相当于不及物动词，后面不接宾语，主语通常是“事物”时间，金钱等runoutofOurmoneyis out.我们的钱快用光了。Wearerunningout money.我们的钱快用光了。that/so…thatsothatsothat”=inorderthat,can,could,may,might,will,would,shouldso….thatenoughtodotoo…todo…进展同义句转换。.Theygotupearly theycouldcatchtheearlybus.Sayslowy Icanfollowyou.Tomran fast Icouldn’tcatchupwithhim.1212121212=Tomran fast catchupwith.so…that1).so+adj./adv.+that2).so+adj.+(+a/an)+n.+that3).so+many/much/few/little+.Theceilingissohighthatwecouldn’treach.Hissonissotallamanthathealmostreachestheceiling.他儿子那么高，几乎够到天花板了。Katehadsomanyfallsthatshewasblackandblueallover.凯特跌倒了好屡次，摔得身体青一款紫一块。giveup放弃“动词+副词”代词做宾语，代词放中间。giveit/them/him/her…upgiveupdoing it’sgoodforyoutogiveup .戒烟对你有好处。Ihurtmyselfplayingsoccer.playingsoccer现在分词做伴随状语。表示动作同时发生。其规律主语为句子的主语。.Istayeduplateyesterday, foratest.昨天我为测验熬夜学习到很晚。13131313131414141414重点精准检测一、单项选择。〔〕1.Thepearistoobigforme.Letme apartforyou.A.cutdown B.cutoff Ccutup D.cutin〔〕2.Graceboughtalotofnewclothesand allhermoney.A.runout B.runoutof C.ranof D.ranoutof〔〕3.Yourtemperatureis39°C.Maybeyou .A.haveacold B.haveaheadache C.haveafever D.haveasoreback〔〕4.—Didyoucatchyourplane—Yes.Wegottherejust .A.onthetime B.attimes C.intime D.inthetime〔〕5.Suecametothesmalltownfiveyearsagoandshe herenow.A.isusedtolive B.isusedtolivingC.usedtoliving D.usedtolive〔〕6.To surprise,thefive-year-oldboycansingsomanyEnglishsongs.A.my B.me C.I D.mine〔〕7.Emmalikesdancingandshekeepson everyday.A.dancing B.dances C.dance D.todance〔〕8.—Whathappened youyesterday—Ihurtmyselfin.class.1515151515A.to B.on C.at D.with〔〕9.Jimisalwayssobusy hehaslittletimeforhisfamily.A.if B.until C.that D.when〔〕10.—Hi,John, —Mydog’slegishurt.A.Howareyou B.What’sthematterC.Who’sthat D.What’sLucylike二、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。Look!Adogis 〔lie〕bythesideoftheroad.Thelittlegirlusuallyfinishesherhomeworkby

〔her〕antidoesn’tneedothers”help.WhenIcameintothelibrary,Isawhim

〔read〕abookthere.Mr.Greenagreed 〔help〕mewithmymath.Youarclateforschoolagain.Ithinkyoushould

〔get〕upearlytomorrow.Whatdoeshemean 〔do〕Didyoumakea 〔decide〕tostudymedicineMr.Liputsomany

〔knife〕intohisbag.Mydreamistobea 〔climb〕oneday.Thelittledog”s 〔die〕mademeverysad.三、依据首字母或汉语提示完成以下句中所缺的单词。Susantookhertemperatureandfoundshehadahighf .Ihaveat andIcan’teatanything.Youlooksotired,soyouneedtohavear .Tonyusuallyplaysgameswithhisclassmatesduringtheb betweentwoclasses.1616161616Ihaveas throatsoIcan’tsayaword.Weusuallywalkwithour

〔脚〕andseewithoureyes.I’mfeelingterrible.Ihavea 〔胃痛〕.Theriveristoodeep,butTomandTonytake

〔冒险〕ofswimmingthere.Alexgothurtinthecaraccidentandlostmuch 〔血〕.Kate’smotherworksinahospital.She’sa 〕.四、依据汉语提示完成以下句子。1.他下了火车，然后就回家了。He thetrainandthenwenthome.2.多亏了那位老人，我们找到了回家的路。 theoldman,wefoundourwayhome.3.请记住当你生气的时候，不要做打算。Pleaseremembernotto whenyouareangry.4.为了能赶上火车，我六点钟就动身了。Ileftatsix Icouldcatchthetrain.5.为了成功你不得不去冒险。Youhaveto inordercatchtosucceed.五、用方框中所给词的适当形式填空〔有两个多余。knifbreadecidadvistroublrishighhurlidiffereseemcoughekeeektentJohnlikestodosportverymuch.Hisfavoritesportismountainclimbing.Lastspring,hemadeabig1. —toclimbMou