电气行业常用英语单词

电气行业常用英语单词一．电气名词Electricitems二．线路（母线、回路）Lines(Bus,circuits)三．设备Equipments四．保护、继电器Protection,relays五．电气仪表Electricinstruments六．防雷Lightningprotection七．接地Grounding,earthing八．室、所Room,Substation九．电修车间设备Equipmentsofelectricrepair十．材料Material十一．图名Drawings,diagrams十二．表头Tables十三．标准图词汇TermsfromstandardDWG

一．电气名词Electricitems

交（直）流Alternating(direct)current短路电流Short-circuitcurrent起始次暂态短路电流Initialsubtransientshort-circuitcurrent冲击电流Impulsecurrent稳态短路电流Steadystateshort-circuitcurrent临界电流Criticalcurrent切断电流Rupturingcurrent熔断电流Blow-outcurrent故障电流Faultcurrent计算电流Calculatingcurrent极限有限电流Limiteffectivecurrent过电流Overcurrent逆电流Inversecurrent整定电流Settingcurrent额定电流Ratedcurrent电流密度Currentdensity短路电流最大有效值Maximumeffectivevalueofshort-circuitcurrent高压High-voltage,High-tension低压Low-voltage,Low-tension计算电压Calculatingvoltage激磁电压Excitingvoltage冲击电压Impulsevoltage临界电压Criticalvoltage残留电压Residualvoltage击穿电压Puncturevoltage脉动电压Pulsatingvoltage供电电压Supplyvoltage电力电压Powervoltage照明电压Lightingvoltage灯丝电压Filamentvoltage额定电压Ratedvoltage电压损失Voltageloss过(欠)电压Over(under)voltage线路电压Linevoltage电压降Voltagedrop工作电压Workingvoltage一次电压Primaryvoltage二次电压Secondaryvoltage电源Electricsource(powersupply)自控电压Powersupplyforprocesscontrol6kV控制闪光电源Flashingsupplyfor6kVcontrol工作电源Workingpowersupply(electricsource)保安电源Emergencypowersupply(electricsource)直流稳压电源StabilizedD.C.source控制电源Controlsupply直流电源D.C.source交流电源A.C.source负荷计算Loadcalculation设备容量Installedcapacity需要容量Electricdemand功率因数Powerfactor安装高度Mountingheight耐电压Breakdownvoltage工频耐压High-voltagetestwithworkingfrequency表面闪络Surfaceflash-over直流泄漏D.C.leakage体电阻率Volumeresistivity介质损失角Dielectriclossangle击穿强度Punctureintensity电压等级Voltagegrade比重Specificgravity性能Feature相序Phasesequence瞬时Instantaneous倾角Angleofinclination跨度Span正极Positivepole负极Negativepole截面(积)Crosssectionarea辅助电源Auxiliarysource遮断容量Interruptingcapacity载流量Current-carryingcapacity校正系数Correctionfactor连续负荷Continuousload长期载流量Continuouscapacity长时间额定值Longtimerating电动机堵转电流Locked-rotormotorcurrent限定负荷Limitedload电感负荷Inductiveload感应电流Inducedcurrent

二．线路（母线、回路）Lines(Bus,circuits)母线Bus-bar合闸电源母线Closingpowersourcebus闪光母线Flashing-bus备用母线Sparebus装在支柱上的插接式母线Post-supportedplug-inbusway装在吊钩上的插接式母线Hook-supportedplug-inbusway装在支架上的插接式母线Bracket-supportedplug-inbusway小母线Miniaturebus防爆控制按钮Explosion-proofcontrolpush-button事故紧急按钮Emergencystoppingpush-button起动按钮Startingpush-button停止按钮Stoppingpush-button现场按钮Push-buttoninfield挡板damper音响解除按钮Push-buttonforsoundrelease起动器Starter磁力起动器Magneticstarter综合起动器Combinationstarter(Magneticstartercombination)电力变压器Powertransformer调压变压器Voltageregulatingtransformer电压互感器Potentialtransformer电流互感器Currenttransformer照明变压器Lightingtransformer三相三绕组变压器3-phasetertiarywindingtransformer高压试验变压器H.V.testingtransformer局部照明变压器Locallightingtransformer多量程仪用电流互感器Multi-rangecurrenttransformerformeasurement降压变压器Step-downtransformer伺服电动机Servo-motor双电压电动机Dual-voltagemotor感应电动机Inductionmotor交流异步电动机A.C.asynchronousmotor同步电动机synchronousmotor三相滑环感应电动机3-phaseslip-ringinductionmotor三相鼠笼感应电动机3-phasesquirrel-cageinductionmotor绕线式电动机Wound-rotorinductionmotor反应式电动机Reactionmotor柴油发电机Dieselgenerator励磁发电机Excitationgenerator明装双极插座Surface-mounted2-polereceptacle暗装双极插座Flush-mounted2-polereceptacle双极带接地插座2-polereceptaclewithgroundingcontact单相三孔明插座Surface-mountedsinglephase3-polereceptacle防护式明装三相四孔插座Guardtypesurface-mounted3-phase4-polereceptacle配照型灯Standarddomelightingfitting搪瓷深照型灯Enameledhighbaylightingfitting防水防尘灯Wateranddustprooflightingfitting安全灯Safetylightingfitting隔爆灯Explosion-prooflightingfitting弯灯Goose-necklight壁灯Walllight高压水银灯Highpressuremercuryvaporlightingfitting投光灯Flood-light(projectionlight)信号灯Signallamp天棚灯Ceiling-mountedlightingfitting局部照明灯Locallightingfitting灯座Lampholder事故照明灯Emergencylightingfitting高压水银荧光灯H.P.mercuryfluorescentlightingfitting广照型工厂灯Widelittypeindustrialfitting深照型灯具Highbaylightingfitting白炽灯具Incandescentlamp(bulb)圆球型灯Globelamp嵌入式荧光灯flushtypefluorescentlightingfitting红色障碍灯Redobstructionlampforaviation厂区道路照明灯Streetlightinginplantarea路灯Streetlamp视孔灯Inspectionholelamp立杆弯灯goose-neckpostlamp,polelamp模拟报警信号Semigraphandalarmsignal自整角机Selsyn励磁机Exciter显示器Display电位器Potentiometer内电阻Internalresistance固定电阻（器）Fixedresistance脱扣Release,trip分励Shunttrip特殊失压脱扣器Specialno-voltagerelease“或”开关放大器“Or”switchamplifier制动器Brake电容Capacitor整流器Rectifier镇流器Chock分流器Shunt油变阻器Oilimmersedrheostat频敏电阻器Frequencysensitiverheostat滑线变阻器Slidingrheostat蜂鸣器Buzzer电机加热器Spaceheater(formotor)空气断路器电机操作机构Motoroperatingmechanismforaircircuit-breaker可控硅励磁装置Siliconcontrolledrectifierexcitationdevice保护装置Protectivedevice(element)闪光装置Flashingdevice接闪装置（避雷器）Lightningarrester断相保护Phasefailureprotection

四．保护、继电器Protection,relays信号继电器Signalrelay过电流继电器Over-currentrelay电压继电器Voltagerelay时间继电器Timerelay中间继电器Auxiliaryrelay热继电器Thermalrelay温度继电器Temperaturerelay瓦斯继电器Gasrelay控制电源中间继电器Auxiliaryrelayforcontrolsupply自动操作继电器Relayforauto-operation低电压继电器Under-voltagerelay过电压继电器Over-voltagerelay联锁继电器Interlockrelay冲击继电器Impactrelay合闸位置继电器Closepositionrelay逆流继电器Reverse-currentrelay差流继电器Differentialcurrentrelay差动继电器Differentialrelay电流继电器Currentrelay功率继电器Powerrelay接地继电器Earthingrelay重合闸继电器Reclosingrelay同步继电器Synchronousrelay速动继电器Quickactingrelay定时限继电器Definitetimerelay光电继电器Photoelectricrelay电子继电器Electronicrelay电磁式继电器Electromagneticrelay电动式继电器Electrodynamicrelay气压继电器Gas-pressurerelay继电器常开触点RelayN.O.contact继电器常闭触点RelayN.C.contact继电器保护触点（常开）Relayholdingcontact(N.O.)能自动返回的常闭按钮触点Self-returnbuttonwithN.C.contact模拟信号触点Contactforsemigraphsignal强励磁接点Shockexcitationcontact电感线圈Inductioncoil电流线圈Currentcoil脱扣线圈Tripcoil合闸线圈Closecoil释放线圈Releasingcoil掉闸线圈Trippingcoil予告信号Prewarningsignal掉闸回路断线信号Breakagesignaloftripcircuit断路器事故掉闸信号Faulttripsignalofbreaker掉闸音响信号Trippingaudiblesignal重瓦斯预告信号Heavygasprewarningsignal温度预告信号Temperatureprewarningsignal手动、自动操作时事故信号Faultsignalinmanual/automaticoperation保护掉闸Protectivetrip控制掉闸Controltrip手动跳闸Manualtrip变电所紧急停车Emergencyshutdownatsubstation工艺故障Faultinprocess励磁故障Faultinexcitation工作电源失电报警No-voltagealarmofworkingelectricsource工作电源分合闸Onandoffofworkingelectricsource工作电源投入Throw-inofworkingelectricsource保安电源送电supplyofemergencyelectricsource运转指示Indicatingofoperation投入指示Indicatingofthrow-in同步指示Indicatingofsynchronism延时停车Delayedshutdown电源切除Switchoffthepowersupply速断及过流断通Instantaneoustripandover-currentoff/on自保持Self-holding自锁Self-lock联锁Interlocking绝缘监视Insulationsupervision电压监视Voltagesupervision联锁解除Releaseofinterlock工作、保安电源切换Transferofworkingandemergencypowersupply发电机与工作母线并车Synchronizationofgeneratortoworkingbus重瓦斯保护Heavygasprotection开或闭超扭矩保护Over-torqueprotectionduringopeningandclosingvalve电机起动顺序Sequenceofmotorstarting铭牌框注字Nameplatedenotation(inscription)

五．电气仪表Electricinstruments电流表Ammeter电压表Voltmeter三相三线有功电度表Three-phasethree-wirekilowatt-hourmeter,kWhmeter单相电度表Single-phasekilowatt-hourmeter三相无功电度表Three-phasekilovar-hourmeter有功功率表Activepowermeter,kilowattmeter无功功率表Reactivepowermeter,kilovarmeter三相瓦特表(功率表)Three-phasewattmeter功率因数表Powerfactormeter频率表Frequencymeter验电流器Galvanoscope欧姆表Ohmmeter相位表Phasemeter转速表Tachometer波长表Wave-lengthmeter三相四线制标准电度表3-phase4-wirestandardwatthour-meter过载电流表Overloadammeter低功率因数瓦特表Lowpower-factorwattmeter交直流两用钳型电流表A.C./D.C.multi-purposetongtester兆欧表Megger,Megohmmeter万用表Avometer微安表Microammeter毫安表Milliammeter各种测量仪表Variouskindofmeasuringinstruments接地电阻测量仪Earthingresistancetester真空管电压表Vacuumtubevoltmeter电动秒表Electricsecond-meter

六．防雷Lightningprotection避雷装置Lightningprotector避雷针Lightningrod避雷带Straptypelightningprotector避雷网Networkoflightningprotector避雷针支架Lightningrodsupport避雷针尖Tipoflightningrod避雷针拉铁Braceforlightningrod避雷器Lightningarrester,surgedischarger球型避雷器Sphericalarrester管形避雷器Tubulararrester阀形避雷器Auto-valvearrester低压避雷器Lowvoltagearrester角形避雷器Hornarrester多隙避雷器Multigaparrester铝避雷器Aluminumcellarrester氧化膜避雷器Oxidefilmarrester击穿保险器Puncturelightningarrester雷击Lightningstroke直接雷击Directlightningstroke感应雷击Inductionlightningstroke雷电日Thunderboltdays雷电或然率Lightningandthunderprobability触电Electricshock静电感应Electrostaticinduction

七．接地Grounding,earthing接地保护Groundprotection,earthprotection防雷接地Groundingforlightning保护接地Protectiveearthing人工接地Artificialgrounding工作接地Workinggrounding,workingearthing重复接地Multipleearthing屏蔽接地Screenearthing,shieldingground中性点接地Neutralpointgrounded接地系统Groundingsystem,earthingsystem接地故障Groundfault,earthfault单相接地Singlephaseearthing母线接地Busground接地装置Groundingdevice,earthingdevice引下线Down-lead,downconductor引下线固定Clampingplateofsupportforfixing支架夹板Downlead引下线固定支脚Supportforfixingdownlead接地线Groundconnector接地干线Ground(ing)main,(bus)接地网Groundingnetwork,earthingnetwork接地极Earthelectrode(pole)接地电阻Earthresistance接地电路Earth(ground)circuit连接条Connectingstrip断接卡Connectingclamp

八．室、所Room,Substation贮藏室Storage套间Compartment蓄电池室Batteryroom控制室Controlroom配电室Distributionroom维修间Repairroom变电所Substation高压配电室H.V.distributionroom休息室Restroom

九．电修车间设备Equipmentsofelectricrepair砂轮机Emerywheelgrinder台钻Benchdrillingmachine交流电焊机A.C.weldingmachine移动式空气压缩机Portableaircompressor手电钻Electrichanddrill单速手摇绕线机Singlespeedhandwindingmachine导线钳压器Wirejointingpress-clamp油压千斤顶Hydraulicjack电吹尘器Electricdustcleaner存放柜Storechest高压试验变压器H.V.testingtransformer泄漏试验变压器Leakagetestingset大电流发生器Strongcurrentgenerator油浸自冷感应调压器Oil-immersedself-cooledinductionvoltageregulator多量程仪用电流互感器Multi-rangecurrenttransformerformeasurement仪用电感互感器Instrumentalvoltagetransformer单相自耦变压器Single-phaseauto-transformer三相自耦变压器3-phaseauto-transformer硅整流器Siliconrectifier仪表试验台Testingstandforinstrument接触器，继电器试验台Relayandcontactortestingstand慢扫描示波器Slowscanningoscillograph交流电子稳压器A.C.electronicvoltagestabilizer携带式交流电桥PortableA.C.electricbridge接地电阻测量仪Earthingresistancetester电缆故障探伤仪Cablefaultdetector直流单臂电桥D.C.single-armelectricbridge,Wheatstonebridge

十．材料Material绝缘包布Insulatingtape填料Filler,packing绝缘膏Insulatingcompound电缆膏Cablecompound防腐油Anti-corrosiveoil沥青漆Bituminousvarnish绝缘漆Insulatingvarnish瓷漆Enamelvarnish有色金属Non-ferrousmetal黑色金属ferrousmetal白金属Whitemetal云母Mica环氧树脂Epoxyresin聚氯乙烯Polyvinylchloride,PVC蜡Wax滑石粉Talcpowder电胶木Bakelite聚丙烯外壳Polyacryliccover耐油橡胶管Oil-proofrubbertubes接地铜线Groundingcopperwire垫圈Pad塑料绝缘线Plasticsinsulatedwire橡套电缆Rubbersheathedcable中间接头Splice填充剂Fillingagent绝缘电线Insulatedwire移动软电缆Movableflexiblecable补偿导线Extensionwire套管Bushing母线槽Busway悬索Cablesuspension滑触线Trolleyconductor镀锌煤气管Galvanizedgaspipe镀锌角钢Galvanizedsteelangle镀锌扁钢Galvanizedsteelstrap钢丝绳Steelwirerope电笛Siren电磁阀Electromagneticvalve连接片Connectinglink切换片Transferinglink端子排Terminalboard半导体二极管Semiconductordiode开度计Openingmeter逻辑元件Logicalelement接线盒Junctionbox仪表槽板Instrumenttrunking电缆吊架Cablehanger出线套Outgoinglinesleeve

十一．图名Drawings,diagrams

电气图纸目录Contentsofelectricdrawings电力系统图Electricpowersystemdiagram照明系统图Lightingsystemdiagram电力平面布置图Electricpowerlayoutplan照明平面布置图Lightinglayoutplan单线图Onelinediagram控制箱面部布置图Surfacearrangementofcontrolbox背部接线图Backwiring(diagram)外部接线图External(outside)wiringdiagram内部接线图Internal(inside)wiringdiagram控制原理图Principlecontroldiagram原理图Schematicdiagram展开图Developeddiagram电气标准图Electricstandarddrawing电气施工图Electricworkingdrawing复用图Reproducibles(drawing)电缆联系图Cablehook-updiagram转换开关接点图Contactdiagramoftransferswitch箱侧视图Sideviewofbox正视图Frontview,facade背视图Backview剖面图Section参考图Referencedrawing电缆敷设图Cablelayingdiagram箱内框架布置图Arrangementofframesinsidethecabinet控制箱台面展开图Surfacedevelopeddiagramofconsole出线端子示意图Schematicdiagramofterminaloutgoinglines端子接线图Diagramofterminalconnections电气管线表Listofwire,cableandconduits设备材料表Listofequipmentandmaterials

十二．表头Tables

电力系统图Powersystemdiagram引入线Leadin保护设备Protectivedevice型号Type额定值Rating整定值Setting主启动设备回路Circuittostartingdevice导线型号、芯数、截面及管径Conductortype,cores,section&diameterofconduit线长Wirelength管长Conduitlength启动设备Startingdevice型号规格Type,specification保护元件Protectiveelement计量装置Calculatingdevice用电设备主回路Maincircuitofelectricequipment控制回路Controlcircuit控制装置Controldevice用电设备Electricequipment设备容量Consumercapacity生产设备Productionequipment位号No.oflocation名称Name备注Remarks引入线Feedin配电箱Distributioncabinet型号及编号TypeandNo.开关型号Switchtype保护装置Protectivedevice回路编号CircuitNo.相别Phase灯数Numberoflamps插座数Numberofreceptacles电缆编号No.ofline起点Starting终点Ending母线截面Sectionofbus零母线Neutralbus屏编号PanelNo.型号及方案号TypeandvariantNo.控制原理图号Principlecontroldiagram工艺位号ProcessitemNo.

十三．标准图词汇TermsfromstandardDWG

电工系统图图形符号Graphicsymbolsforelectricsystem交流电的相别A.C.phasesequence直流电的正负极D.C.positiveandnegativepoles有中性点引出线的星形连接的三相绕组Star-connectedthreephasewindingswithneutraloutlet开口三角形连接的三相绕组3-phasewindingwithopendeltaconnection互相连接的导线Crossconnectionofwires不连接的跨越导线Crossingwiresnotincontactwitheachother可拆卸的电气连接Removableconnection电缆终端头Potheadofcableorcableend自耦变压器Auto-transformer感应调压器Inductionvoltageregulator凸极同步电动机Salientpolesynchronousmotor带接换装置的蓄电池组Accumulatorbatterywithtap-changers空气断路器Aircircuit-breaker保持触点Holdingcontact热元件Thermalelement自动复位的操作开关Spring-returnoperatingswitch插接器Plug-inconnector电喇叭Horn电炉Electricfurnace分流器Shunt可控硅整流箱屏Siliconcontrolledrectifierboxpanel直流配电屏D.C.distributingpanel磁力起动器组Magneticstartergroup自动开关箱Automaticswitchbox行程开关Limitswitch局部灯Locallightingfitting荧光灯列Seriesfluorescentlightingfitting防护式灯开关Protectiveswitch导线引上Conductorsturningup导线引下Conductorsturningdown导线由上引来Conductorsturningfromabove导线由下引来Conductorsturningfrombelow电缆沟Cabletrench调压器Voltageregulator隔离变压器Isolatingtransformer击穿保护器Puncturingsafetydevice晶体管Transisorizeddiode地坪Gradelevel电缆与水管平行Cablerunningparalleltoawatersupplypipe电缆与热力管道交叉敷设Cablerunningacrossheatpipeline车道Driveway电缆穿管与管道交叉Cableprotectivepipeacrossapipeline双(单)侧支架电缆沟Trenchwithrackonbothsides(oneside)室外地坪Outdoorgrade跨接线Jumper金属软管Flexiblemetaltube过渡接头Adapter功角powerangle有功（功率）activepower无功（功率）reactivepower功率因数powerfactor无功电流reactivecurrent下降特性droopcharacteristics斜率slope额定rating变比ratio参考值referencevalue电压互感器PT分接头tap下降率drooprate仿真分析simulationanalysis传递函数transferfunction框图blockdiagram受端receive-side裕度margin同步synchronization失去同步lossofsynchronization阻尼damping摇摆swing保护断路器circuitbreaker4）电阻：resistance电抗：reactance阻抗：impedance5）电导：conductance电纳：susceptance导纳：admittance6）电感：inductance电容:capacitanceAbsorberCircuit

吸收电路AC/ACFrequencyConverter

交交变频电路ACpowercontrol交流电力控制ACPowerController交流调功电路ACPowerElectronicSwitch交流电力电子开关AcVoltageController交流调压电路AsynchronousModulation异步调制BakerClampingCircuit贝克箝位电路Bi-directionalTriodeThyristor双向晶闸管BipolarJunctionTransistor--BJT双极结型晶体管Boost-BuckChopper升降压斩波电路Boost

Chopper升压斩波电路BoostConverter升压变换器BridgeReversibleChopper桥式可逆斩波电路BuckChopper降压斩波电路BuckConverter降压变换器Commutation

换流Conduction

Angle

导通角ConstantVoltageConstantFrequency--CVCF

恒压恒频ContinuousConduction--CCM

（电流）连续模式ControlCircuit

控制电路CukCircuit

CUK斩波电路CurrentReversible

Chopper

电流可逆斩波电路CurrentSourceTypeInverter--CSTI

电流（源）型逆变电路Cycloconvertor

周波变流器DC-AC-DC

Converter

直交直电路DCChopping

直流斩波DCChoppingCircuit

直流斩波电路DC-DCConverter

直流－直流变换器DeviceCommutation

器件换流DirectCurrentControl

直接电流控制DiscontinuousConductionmode

（电流）断续模式displacementfactor

位移因数distortionpower

畸变功率doubleendconverter

双端电路drivingcircuit

驱动电路electricalisolation

电气隔离fastactingfuse

快速熔断器fastrecoverydiode

快恢复二极管fastrevcoveryepitaxialdiodes

快恢复外延二极管fastswitchingthyristor

快速晶闸管fieldcontrolled

thyristor

场控晶闸管flybackconverter

反激电流forcedcommutation

强迫换流forwardconverter

正激电路frequencyconverter

变频器fullbridgeconverter

全桥电路fullbridgerectifier

全桥整流电路fullwaverectifier

全波整流电路fundamentalfactor

基波因数gate

turn-offthyristor——GTO

可关断晶闸管generalpurposediode

普通二极管gianttransistor——GTR

电力晶体管halfbridgeconverter

半桥电路hardswitching

硬开关highvoltageIC

高压集成电路hysteresiscomparison

带环比较方式indirectcurrentcontrol

间接电流控制indirectDC-DCconverter

直接电流变换电路insulated-gatebipolartransistor---IGBT

绝缘栅双极晶体管intelligentpowermodule---IPM

智能功率模块integratedgate-commutatedthyristor---IGCT

集成门极换流晶闸管inversion

逆变latchi