高考英语一轮总复习学生作业手册Module4GreatScientists外研版

Module4GreatScientistsⅠ.单词拼写1．Obesityisoftenthoughttobethe________(主要的)causeofheartdiseaseandhighbloodpressure.2．Ifawomanisbetter________(教育)，shewillbenefitherfamilyinthefuture.3．Itisthedealer'sdutytorecommendproductsofgood________(质量)．4．It'sbetterforthegovernmenttoattachmoreimportancetothe________(最初的)inventionsofallkinds.5．InChinathelargestpartofthepopulationareemployedin________(农业)．6．After________(毕业)fromBerkeley，heworkedinanaccountingcompanyasasenioradvisor.7．Beforehewasofferedtheimportantpost，theyoungmanwasaskedtohavea________(身体的)examinationfirst.8．Theengineerwasrequiredtomakea________(简洁的)introductiontotheprojecthewasengagedin.9．Withthe________(产量)increasingby20percent，thecompanywillhaveanotherharvestthisyear.10．________(诊断)withkidneyfailure，theyoungmanlostthehopeoflivingonintheworld.答案：Ⅱ.完成句子1．他希望靠卖饮料来谋生。Hehopesto_______________________drinks.2．由于交通阻塞，他开会迟到了。Hewaslateforthemeeting___________________atrafficjam.3．他太幸运了，能够从那辆燃烧的汽车中逃出来。Heisluckyenoughto__________________the________bus.4．济南作为“泉城”因为它的72泉而为我们所知。Jinanis________________________________us________“QuanCity”________its72springs.5．这房间由厨房改成了厕所。Theroom______________________________________akitchen________alavatory.答案：hislivingbysellingaresultoffrom;burningto;as;forconvertedfrom；toⅢ.单项填空1．Menusuallygo________towhattheywantandleavequicklywhenshopping.A．slight B．lightC．straight D．strict答案：C考查副词与形容词辨析。A、B、D三项都是形容词，而此处需要的是副词，修饰前面的动词go，所以选C。straight既是形容词也是副词，表示“直直的/地”。2．GoghandLeonardodaVinciwereknown________theirartisticachievements.A．as B．toC．for D．in答案：Cbeknownas“作为……而出名”；beknownfor“因为……而出名”；beknownto“为……所知”。句意：梵高和莱奥纳多·达芬奇都是因为他们的艺术成就而出名。3．There's________needtobansmokingas________resultofthegreatlossithascaused.A．/;a B．a;aC．the;the D．the;a答案：B考查冠词。there'saneedtodosth.“有必要做某事”；asaresultof“由于”。4．(2022·银川一中模拟)—Mum,Ihavefinishedmyhomework.—Oh.Ifyou________nottodisturbme,youcanwatchTV.A．offerB．supportC．guarantee D．want答案：C句意：——妈妈，我已经完成作业了。——噢，如果你保证不打扰我，你可以看电视。offer“提供”；support“支持”；guarantee“保证”；want“想”。由句意可知选C。5．He________hisdutiesnextweek.A．bringsup B．setsupC．picksup D．takesup答案：D句意：他下周就要开始履行职责。bringup“教育，提出，培养”；setup“建立”；pickup“获得，捡起”；takeup“开始从事，占据”。由句意可知选D。6．________YuanLongping'sdiscoveries，Chinesericeproductionrosebypercentinthe1990s.A．Asaresult B．AsaresultofC．Asaconsequence D．Asconsequenceof答案：B考查短语辨析。句意：由于袁隆平的发现，中国的水稻产量在20世纪90年代上升了%。asaresultof由于……的结果；asaresult/consequence因此，结果。D项短语不完整，应为asaconsequenceof“由于；作为……的结果”。7．(北京市西城区2022－2022学年度高三测试)Webelievethetimeandhardwork________incompletingsuchanimportantprojectareworthwhile.A．involving B．involvedC．toinvolve D．havinginvolved答案：B考查过去分词作定语。involvedin意为“涉及到”。句意为：“我们相信涉及到完成如此重要的工程的时间与工作都是值得的。”8．Thereisnomuchtimeleft，soI'lltellyouaboutit________.A．indetail B．inbriefC．inshort D．inall答案：B考查介词短语辨析。句意：所剩时间不多了，所以我将简短地告诉你这件事。indetail详细地；inbrief简短地；inshort总之；inall总共。9．(2022·北京模拟)Shegotthephotosofherson________upnexttoherdesksothatshecouldseethemwhenevershemissedhim.A．topin B．pinningC．beingpinned D．pinned答案：D考查非谓语动词。句意：她将儿子的照片钉在桌边以便于自己想念儿子时能看看这些照片。动词get通常可以用“get＋宾语＋宾语补足语”的形式，其补足语可以是不定式、现在分词或过去分词，根据句子语境，pin与photos之间为被动关系，故要用过去分词。10．Whattheyoungmancan't________isthathismumalwaystreatshimlikeababy.A．support B．undertakeC．hold D．bear答案：D考查动词辨析。句意：令那个年轻人不能忍受的是妈妈总是把他当小孩子看待。support支持；undertake承担，从事，承诺；hold控制，拥有，持有，保留；bear承受，忍受。11．WhenIwasinBeijinglastyear，Isawthefamouspopstar________inthestreet.A．byaccident B．bychangeC．byaccent D．withchance答案：A考查介词短语辨析。句意：去年我在北京的时候，我在街上偶然看到了这位著名的流行歌星。byaccident偶然地，意外地。12．Thesolarcellcan________theenergyofsunlightintoelectricenergy.A．construct B．convertC．conserve D．convey答案：B考查动词辨析。句意：太阳能电池能把阳光的能量转化为电能。construct建造，创立；convert转化；转换；conserve保存，节约；convey传递，传达。13．Theleft­wingpartyinthecountry________in1992，andsincethenboththeemploymentandthepeople'swelfarehavebeenimprovedgreatly.A．cametopower B．wasinpowerC．comeintopower D．isinpower答案：A考查动词短语辨析。句意：左翼党派1992年开始在这个国家掌权，从那以后，就业和人们的福利状况已经有了很大提高。cometopower开始执政，当权，表示动作，不与时间段短语连用，故A项正确；而wasinpower表状态；C、D两项时态不对。14．DuetotheheavyfloodinThailand，largequantitiesofsupplies________indesperateneedintheflood­strickenareanow.A．is B．areC．hasbeen D．hadbeen答案：B考查主谓一致。句意：由于泰国境内严重的洪水，洪灾地区目前急需大量物资。“largequantitiesof＋名词”作主语，句子谓语动词用复数形式，根据句中的时间状语可知，要用一般现在时。故本题正确选项为B。15．—Shallwegotohaveapicnicintheopenairthisweekend?—________.Iwanttorelax,forI'mtootiredthesedays.A．Ofcoursewecan B．Itcouldn'tbebetterC．Ifyoulike D．It'suptoyou答案：B句意：——这个周末我们去户外野餐好吗？——再好不过了，这些天我太累了，想放松一下。Itcouldn'tbebetter“那再好不过了”，故选B。Ofcoursewecan是针对别人的请求所做的肯定回答；Ifyoulike“如果你愿意”；It'suptoyou“由你决定”。Ⅳ.完形填空ThefamousscientistAlbertEinsteindiedin1955.His__1__nowisinthecentralstateofKansasoftheU．S..Itbelongstoaretired(退休的)__2__doctor,ThomasHarvey.__3__didthishappen?Andwhy?Inthe1950s,AlbertEinsteinandThomasHarvey__4__eachotherwhentheybothlivedinPrinceton,NewJersey.EinsteinwasworkingatPrincetonUniversity__5__DoctorHarveywasworkingatPrincetonHospital.WhenEinsteindied,DoctorHarveywas__6__toexaminehisbody.Itwasthenthathestartedtostudy__7__hasbecomealongtimeexaminationofEinstein'sbrain.Hisgoalwasto__8__somephysicalevidence(证据)ofthescientist'sgenius(才华)．DoctorHarvey,__9__，didnottellEinstein'sfamilythathe__10__thegreatman'sbrain.Itwasonlylater__11__thefamilylearnedofDoctorHarvey'swork.Theydidnot__12__theideaatfirst.AfterDoctorHarveyexplainedhisideatothem,theyagreedto__13__himtostudythebrain.DoctorHarveythenasked__14__scientiststohelp.Theycutthebrain__15__threepieces.Theymarkedeachpiecebeforeplacingitincontainers__16__chemicalformaldehyde(甲醛)toprotectit.DoctorHarveyhasbeen__17__Einstein'sbrainsincethen.Hehascarrieditwithhimashemovedfromplacetoplace.Hehasalsolentpartsofthebraintootherscientists__18__study.Onlyoneresearcherhasfoundsomething__19__.AdoctorattheUniversityofCaliforniafoundthattheleftpartofEinstein'sbrainhasmorecertaincells(细胞)than__20__.Suchcellsareknowntofeedbrain.Thismaymeanthatthecellscouldaffectintelligence.1． B．heartC．brain D．head答案：C从后文可知是爱因斯坦的大脑被保存在美国的Kansas州。2． B．chemicalC．natural D．medical答案：D一个退休的医学博士。3． B．HowC．Who D．Which答案：B这是怎么回事呢？4． B．recognizedC．learned D．knew答案：D两个人都住在普林斯顿城，因此互相认识。5． B．becauseC．while D．since答案：Cwhile表示对比转折，意为“然而”。6．on B．calledatC．sentup D．sentoff答案：Acallon此处意为“要求(某人做某事)”。7． B．howC．that D．what答案：Dstudy后是一个宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，故用连接代词what引导。8． B．discoverC．prove D．examine答案：B他的目的是从身体方面找出爱因斯坦聪明的证据。9． B．thereforeC．thus D．however答案：D由上下文语境可知此处表示转折关系，故用副词however。10． B．soldC．kept D．made答案：C但他并没有告诉爱因斯坦的家人他保存着他的大脑。11． B．whenC．before D．after答案：A强调句型Itwas...that...。12．of B．likeC．suggest D．offer答案：B当爱因斯坦的家人知道此事后，开始他们是不认同这个主意的。13． B．letC．have D．permit答案：D后来他们同意让他研究爱因斯坦的大脑。14．two B．twootherC．moretwo D．twoanother答案：B“另外两个科学家”，用twootherscientists或anothertwoscientists。15． B．byC．into D．about答案：Cothreepieces“把……切成三块”。16． B．aboutC．of D．with答案：Dwith此处意为“带有，装有”。17． B．studyingC．searching D．selling答案：B全文一直在讲“研究”爱因斯坦的大脑。18． B．onC．into D．about答案：Aforstudy“以供研究”，for表示目的。19． B．difficultC．particular D．common答案：C有一个科学家发现了特别的东西。20． B．enoughC．usual D．normal答案：D某种细胞比正常情况下多一些。Ⅴ.阅读理解NextHalloween，asmallvegetablethatlookslikeapumpkinmayappearinagardennearvegetableisatypeofpepperthatiscalled“Lil'Pumpkin”．It'sveryspecialbecauseithasorange，pumpkin­likefruit.Youmightthinkthatallvegetablesaregrowntoprovidefoodtosomevegetablesaregrownmainlyforthelivelycolorandholidayspiritthattheybringtoarecalled“ornamentals(观赏性植物)”．JustlikelightsdecorateaChristmastree，theydecorateagarden.Thepepperswerebred(培育)byAgriculturalResearchService(ARS)scientistsJohnStommelandRobertpepperthescientistsdevelopediscalled“PepperJack”．BecausePepperJackhasorangeandblackcone­shaped(锥形的)fruit，itmightremindyouofthepopularHalloweentreat“candycorn”．StommelsaysthatvegetablecropssuchaspepperswerefirstwidelygrowninEuropeinthe15ththattime，peoplelikedthesecropsmorebecausetheylookedprettythanbecausetheyprovidedfood.Backthen，whenagardenergrewplantsfordecorationandplantsforfood，thegardenwascalleda“potager”．Anexampleofthisisthelargegardensonthelawns(草坪)ofcastlesandverylargehomeswherekingsandqueensofthoselargeroyalhomeswastheFrenchking'spalaceatVersaillesduringthepalaceisstilltheretoday，andpeoplefromallovertheworldstillgotheretovisitandseethegardens.Today，Stommelsaysusingvegetablesasdecorationsingardenshasbecomepopularagain.Soyoumightbewondering，ifthesepeppersarefordecoration，canpeopleeatthem？Yes，butthefruitfrombothofthesepeppershasasharptaste(kindoflikeonions)．Thesepeppersarescheduledtobecomeavailableinmid­prettypepperscanbegrownincontainersandalsoingardengrowbestwithplentyoflightandwarmtemperatures，Stommelsyas.1．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A．Differentkindsofpeppers.B．Thehistoryofpeppers.C．Pe