牛津高中英语模块一语言点

.PAGE.牛津高中英语模块一语言点Unit1Schoollife一、Reading1.behappywith/besatisfiedwith:对……满意Areyouhappywithyoupresentsituation"2.Theschoolstartsaround9a.m.andendsabout3:30p.m..学校上午大约9点上课，下午3:30完毕。3.earnsbsth:为某人赢得……Make/earnaliving:谋生①Hishonestyearnedhimmuchrespect.②Itiswrongtoearnalivingbygambling.靠赌博为生是错误的。4.respect(1)n.①尊重，尊敬haverespectforsth:尊重……treatsbwithrespect:尊重……Oldpeopleshouldbetreatedwithmorerespect.②重视，考虑showrespectforsth:考虑……Youshouldshowrespectforothers’feelingswhenmunicatingwithothers.③方面inallrespects:在各方面withrespecttosth:就……而言，关于Withrespecttoyourenquiry,Iencloseanexplanatoryleaflet.关于你的询问，兹附上有关说明资料。⑵vt.尊敬，重视，考虑，遵守Respectthelaw/yourproposal【例题】Mr.Brownisa_____oldmanandallhisneighborsare____tohim.A.respectful;respectableB.respectable;respectiveC.respectable;respectfulD.respective;respectable答案为C。【注意】respective，respectful，respectable，respected的区别⑴这四个单词看上去都是respect的衍生词，其实respective不是，因此跟它没有关系，意思是"分别的，各自的〞，后面常常加名词的复数形式，如：Weallwentbacktoourrespectivehomesafterplaying.游戏之后我们都回了各自的家中。⑵其他三个单词都是respect的衍生词，但意义不同。respectful表示主动含义，意思是"对……恭敬的，尊敬的〞。如：Theworkersarerespectfultome.工人们对我很尊敬。⑶respectable表示被动含义，意思是"可敬的〞。如：Heisarespectableteacher.他是一位可敬的教师。⑷respected仍是表示被动，过去分词作定语表示被动多用于修饰人，它与respectable的区别在于respectable表示受人尊敬的可能性，但未必被respected。如：OurrespectedChairmanMaoisimmortal.我们亲爱的毛主席永垂不朽。〔众所周知，毛主席是被大家所爱戴的。〕5.average(1)n.平均数，平均水平onaverage:平均来看above/belowaverage:高于∕低于平均水平①Thesemarksarewellaboveaverage.②Wefailonestudentperyearonaverage.(2)adj.平均的；普通的，平常的Averagetemperature.Anaveragegirl.6.struggle:n.&vi.斗争，奋斗；挣扎；争夺beastruggleforsb:对……来说是困难的事struggletodosth:努力做……struggleagainst/againstsbforsth:为……与某人斗争struggletoone’sfeet:挣扎着站起来struggleon:挣扎着坚持下去①Itwasarealstruggleforyoutobeontime.②I’mstrugglingtofinishthejobyoutellmetodo.③Theleadersarestrugglingagainsteachotherforpower.④Wehavelosttwoofourbestplayers,butwe’restrugglingon.7.devote:vt.致力于，付出，献身devotesth/oneselftosth:致力于……；为……付出……Hehasdevotedallhisbeingtohiscareer.★★devoted:adj热爱的，忠实的，全心全意的bedevotedtosb/sth:热爱／忠于……Sheisdevotedtohermotherland.★★devotion：〔1〕n.(tosb/sth)挚爱；献身，忠心amother’sdevotiontoherson.〔2〕n.虔诚alifeofgreatdevotion信仰诚笃的一生8.forfree/freeofcharge:免费Igotthisticketforfreefromonewhodidn’twant.9.fun(1)n.[U]①快乐，乐趣②滑稽，幽默③有趣的人或事whatfun:多么快乐havefun:玩得快乐justforfun:当笑话，取乐①Whatfunwehad!②Havefunonsuchbeautifulbeach!③I’mlearningtocookjustforfun.④Sheisverylovelyandfulloffun.她很活泼又很幽默。⑤It’snotmuchfungoingtoapartyalone.单独一人去参加聚会没意思。(2)adj.有趣的，愉快的afunnight.10.lookbackon/thinkbackto:回忆……Lookingbackonthosedays,Istillcan’tfigureoutwhatwentwrong.11.withsatisfaction:满足地，满意地Heacceptedmyofferwithgreatsatisfaction.二、Grammar1.graduatefromsth:从……毕业2.aftergraduation:毕业以后3.developaninterestinsth/beeinterestedinsth:逐渐对……感兴趣Aftergraduationfromuniversity,hedevelopedaninterestinarts.4.upon/on(doing)sth:一……就……Uponarrival,westartedourworkatonce.5.donate:vt.捐赠donatesthtosbdonation:n.[dəuˈneiʃən]捐赠，捐赠物Plentyofgoodshavebeendonatedtotheflood-strickenarea.6.openday:开放日7. regretthat:懊悔∕遗憾……regrettodosth:懊悔要做…… regretdoingsth:懊悔做了……toone’sregret:使……遗憾的是①IregretthatIcan’thelp.②Weregrettoinformyouthatthesportsmeetinghasbeenputoff.兹奉告运动会已被推迟，甚以为憾。③Iregrettosaythejobhasbeenfilled.十分抱歉，那个工作已经有人做了。④Heregrettedhavinglostsuchanimportantchancetostudyabroad.⑤Muchtomyregret,Ican’tacceptyourinvitation.三、Project1.host:n.主人，东道主，主持人vt.主办，主持hostaprogram/hosttheOlympicGames◆◆hostess:[ˈhəʊstɪs]n.女主人；〔夜总会的〕女招待；〔电视或播送节目的〕女主持人；〔餐馆的〕迎宾女招待vt.作东，请客2. approvesth:通过，批准 approveofsth:同意，赞成 approval:赞成，同意，认可giveone’sapprovaltosth:同意……①Iapproveofyourtryingtoearnsomemoneybutpleasedon’tneglectyourstudies.②Theauditors(审计员)approvedthepany’saccounts.③Haveyougivenyourapprovaltothetripplan"3.charge(1)v.①收费，要价chargesb+钱+forsthHowmuchdoyouchargemeformendingshoes"②指控chargesbwithsth:指控某人……Shechargedmewithneglectingmyduty.她指控我玩忽职守。③进攻，冲锋charge(at)sbWedrewourswordandchargedattheenemy.④给……充电chargethebattery(2)n.管理，负责；指控；电荷，电量；费用freeofcharge:免费管理∕负责……beinchargeofsth:takechargeofsth:beinthechargeofsb:由……负责①Hewasleftinchargeoftheshopwhilethemanagerwasaway.经理不在时，他负责这家商店。②Thedepartmentwasbadlyorganizeduntilshetookchargeofit.那个部门在她负责以前组织工作做得很差。③ThesepatientsareinthechargeofDrWilson.4.morethan:⑴多于；⑵比……多；⑶非常(=very)；⑷不只是①Morethan10studentshaveattendedtheassembly.②I’mmorehappytotakeyouthereinmycar.③ThebeautyoftheWestLakeismorethanwordscandescribe.5. makepreparationsforsth:为……做准备 inpreparationforsth:为……做准备(作状语)①Thearmyismakingpreparationsforafull-scaleinvasion.②Wearedoingallthisinpreparationfortheingexam.6.informsbofsth:告知某人……keepsbinformedofsth:使某人被告知∕让某人知道……①Ihavebeeninformedofthelatestnews.②Keepmeinformedofwhathashappened.Unit2Growingpains一、Reading1.thanexpected:和预料的相比Shestayedtwodaysmorethanexpected.2.can’twaittodosth:迫不及待地做……Icouldn’twaittotakephotoswhenIsawthesea.3.Ericrunsinafterit,followedbyadog,walkingveryslowly.(1)分词作状语，从句和主句的主语必须一致。(2)followedbyadog为过去分词作状语，表示伴随状态。相当于andhewasfollowedbyadog.(3)walkingveryslowly为现在分词作状语，表示伴随状态。相当于anditwalkedveryslowly.4.besupposedtodosth:应该做……YouaresupposedtopaythebillbyFriday.5.mess:n.脏，乱messy:adj.脏乱的inamess:杂乱无章；脏乱不堪Thepreviouschairmanhadleftthepanyinaterriblemess.6.doing(动作进展∕主动)done(动作完成∕被动)with+n+todo(将来)adj/adv介词短语性质或特征名词(1)WithsomanypeoplemunicatinginEnglisheveryday,itwillbeemoreandmoreimportanttohaveagoodknowledgeofEnglish.(2)Withallthemoneyspent,Jackstartedlookingforwork.(3)Withsomuchworktodo,Ican’tspareaminute.(4)Hearingthelionroaring,Ifeltfrightened,withmyfacepale.(5)Withtheexamsover,thestudentsreturnedtotheirownclassroom.(6)Theriverwithgrassandflowersonbothsidesrunsthroughourcampus.(7)Withastickhisonlyweapon,hefoughtthetiger.7.Thereisagarbagecanaroundwhicharepiecesofgarbageandwastepaper.aroundwhich为定语从句的地点状语，后面句子用倒装形式。→表示方位的副词、名词短语、形容词短语、介词短语放在句首，而且主语是名词时，句子完全倒装。常见的方位副词有：here，there，out，in，down，away，off等。常见的名词短语有：north，south，west，east等。(1)Hereesthebus.(2)Southeastofthevillagestandsatower.(3)Bynineo’clock,alltheOlympictorchbearershadreachedthetopofMountQomolangma,_______appearedararerainbowsoon.〔2008〕(答案为D)A.ofwhich

B.onwhich

C.fromwhich

D.abovewhich8.leavesbinchargeofsth:让某人负责……WhowillbeleftinchargeofthedepartmentwhenIamawayonbusiness"9.sink:(1)n.水池，洗涤槽(2)v.(sank,sunk)⑴vt.使下沉；挖，掘；使受挫◆◆besunkinsth:陷入〔某种情绪〕…..①Threeshipsweresunkthatnightbyenemytorpedoes.那天夜里三艘船被敌人鱼雷击沉。②sinkawell:挖井③Shejustsatthere,sunkinthought/gloom(忧愁)/misery(痛苦)。⑵vi.下沉，漂浮；下陷，〔日、月〕落下；降低，衰退◆◆one’sheartsink:感到失望◆◆sinkintosth:陷入……；渐渐……①Woodwon’tsinkinwater.②Thefoundations(地基)sanktwofeetaftertheflood.③Thesunsankslowlybehindthehills.④WhenIsawthepileofdirtydishes,myheartsank.⑤NowChinahassunkintogreateconomicrecession.10.tolerate:vt.容忍，忍受，宽容tolerance:[ˈtɔlərəns]n.容忍，忍受，宽容，耐受力tolerant:[ˈtɔlərənt]adj.容忍的，忍受的，宽容的betolerantof/towardssth:容忍……；对……宽容①agovernmentwhichrefusestotolerateopposition.不容有人反对的政府。②racialtolerance：种族上的宽容③Herownmistakesmadehertolerantofthefaultsofothers.她因自己有错误，对别人的错误就不计较了。11.defend:vt.防御，保护；辩白defendoneself:自卫；自我辩白defendsbagainst/fromsth:保卫……免于……；就……为……辩白①Whenthedogattackedme,Idefendedmyselfwithastick.②Thenewspaperdefendedheragainsttheaccusations.报纸为她辩护，驳斥对她的指责。12.deservesth/todosth:值得∕应得∕应受……deservepunishment/tobepunished13.thatiswhy……:那就是为什么……ThatiswhyIcamelate.14.behardonsb:对……严厉；对……苛刻Well,you'retooclosetotheproject.Don'tbehardonyourself.当局者迷、旁观者清，别自责了。15.berudetosb:对……粗鲁Hewaspunishedbecausehewasrudetohisparents.16.feellikedoingsth:想要做……feellikethat:觉得好似……①Idon’tfeellikewalkingalonetoday.②Hefeltlikehehadneverbeentosuchaplace.二、wordpower1.apieceofcake:小菜一碟，容易的事AfterclimbingmountainsintheSwissAlps,goingupEnglishhillsisapieceofcake.爬过了瑞士的阿尔卑斯山后，爬英国的小山简直是小菜一碟。2.awetblanket:扫兴的人或物Theweathermanthrewawetblanketonourpiicplanwhenheforecastrain.气象员报有雨，给我们的野餐方案泼了冷水。3.beallears:认真听，侧耳聆听Adetectivemustbealleyesandallears.一个侦探必须眼观六路，耳听八方。4.pullone’sleg:开玩笑MichaelandDerekaregoodfriends,buttheyliketopulleachother'slegsometimes.\o"机器发音"麦克尔和德里克是好朋友,但有的时候喜欢开对方的玩笑.5.havegreenfingers:有园艺技能Ineverhavegreenfingers.\o"机器发音"我向来不擅长种花草.6.topdog:当权派，头儿；优胜者Healwayswantedtobetheoneincontrol,thetopdog.他总是想成为可以控制一切的人，即长官大权的人。7.givesbthecoldshoulder:冷淡对待某人Hegavehiswifethecoldshoulderwhenshevisitedhim.8.raincatsanddogs:下倾盆大雨InthemiddleofthepiicItstartedtoraincatsanddogs,andeverybodygotsoaked.野餐进展中，突然大雨倾盆，每个人身上都湿透了。9.beone’scupoftea:感兴趣∕喜爱的东西Workingovertimeeverydayisnotmycupoftea.我可不喜欢每天加班。三、task1.handle:n.柄，把手；把柄Vt.处理，管理；操作；经营①pleasefixahandletomycase.②Hiscarelessgavehisenemiesahandletouseagainsthim.他的粗心给敌人以反对他的把柄。③Anofficermustknowhowtohandlehismen.④Theydon’thandleimportedgoods.2.fornothing:免费；徒劳，无结果①Childrenunder5cantravelfornothing.②Allthatpreparationwasfornothingbecausethevisitwascancelled.3.error:n.错误makeanerror:犯错trialanderror:反复试验Youwillfindoutbytrialanderrorwhichflowersgrowbest.4.mixsthup:混淆……；混合∕搀和……mixupsthwithsth:把……与……混淆①Thechemistmixedupsomemedicinesforme.②Ialwaysmixhimupwithhisbrother.Theylooksomuchalike.5.insist:v.(1)坚持说，坚持认为(2)坚持要求〔shoulddo〕insistthat:坚持说∕坚持要求……insiston(doing)sth:坚持〔做〕……①Sheinsistedthathewasinnocent.(=Sheinsistedonhisinnocence.)②Iinsistthatyoutakeactiontoputthisright.(=Iinsistonyourtakingactiontoputthisright.)我坚决要求你采取行动把事情处理好。6.allowsbsth:允许某人……Wewon’tallowyoumuchtimeofpleasureinsuchacase.7.harm:vt.&n.伤害，损害doharmtosb/harmsb:伤害∕损害……meannoharm/notmeananyharm:无意伤害domoreharmthangood:弊大于利①Modernfarmingmethodshavedoneconsiderableharmtothecountryside.②Hedoesnotmeananyharm.Heisjoking.③Criticizingpeople’sworkoftendoesmoreharmthangood.8.asforsth:就……而言Asforsalary,Ileaveittoyou.关于薪水，请您定夺。9.dependonsth:确信，坚信；依靠；取决于dependonitthat:确信∕坚信……①Youcanneverdependonhisarrivingontime.你决不可指望他会准时来。②WecandependonitthatTomwon’tgiveup.③Childrendependontheirparentsforfoodandclothing.④Howmuchisproduceddependsonhowhardwework.10.normal:adj.正常的，正规的n.正常，常态，标准returntonormal/bebacktonormal:恢复正常above/belownormal:高于∕低于正常水平①Trainserviceswerebacktonormalagainafterthestrike.②Therainfallhasbeenbelownormalthistimeofyear.11.growoutofsth:(1)长得高大而不能穿……(2)年龄增长不再做……(3)由……产生①growoutofone’sclothes②growoutofchildren’sgames③MyinterestinartsgrewoutofthetimeIspentduringthewar.12.growintosth:(1)渐渐成为或变得(2)长得大以适合〔衣服〕(3)变得习惯于①Sheisgrowingintoabeautifulyoungwoman.②Thecoatistoobigforhimnow,buthewillgrowintoit.③Sheisagoodactress,butstillneedstimetogrowintothepartsheisplaying.13.keepupwithsth:跟上；知悉Itishardtokeepupwiththechangesinputertechnology.14.beannoyedwithsbabout/atsth:因为……而生某人的气Hewasveryannoyedwithmeaboutmycarelessness.15.shameonyou:你应该感到羞耻；真丢人Howcouldyoutreathersobadly"Shameonyou.16.forbid(forbade,forbidden):vt.制止制止某人做……forbidsbfromdoingsthforbidsbtodosth:forbiddoingsth:制止做……①WomenintheMiddle-eastareforbiddenfromgoingoutwithoutaveil(面纱).②Heforbadesmokingduringofficehours.四、project1.gothrough:vt.(1)穿过，通过(2)浏览(3)经历(4)仔细检查①gothroughtheforest②gothroughthefiles③She’sgonethroughabadpatchrecently.她最后经历了一段苦难时期。2.daybyday:一天天地，渐渐地，慢慢地〔强调过程〕dayafterday:日复一日，天天〔强调反复〕①Herhealthwasimprovingdaybyday.②Ican’ttoleratesittingatadeskdayafterday,doingnothing.3.beoutofcontrol:失控beincontrolofsth:管理、控制……①Inflationhasbeenoutofcontrol.②Whoisincontroloftheproject"4.thinkofsbassth:认为……是……Wedothinkofthisplanasarealisticwaytosolvetheproblem.5.tend:vi.往往，趋于，倾向于Vt.照顾tendtodosth:趋于∕倾向于∕往往……tendto/towardssth:趋于，倾向于……tendsb:照顾……①Sallytendstointerferewithother’sprivacy.②Hetendstowardsextremeviews.③nursestendingtheinjured.6.inthisregard:在这一点上7.limit:n.限制；界限，极限Vt.限制limitsthtosth:把……限制于……中belimitedtosth:局限于……thereisalimittosth:……是有限的setalimittosth:为……设限withinlimit:适度地withoutlimit:无限地◆◆limited:adj.有限的①Ourtopicdayislimitedtowars.②Thereisnolimittowhatyoucandoifyoutry.③Thepanysetalimittotheoutputoftheproducts.④Iamwillingtohelpwithinlimit.⑤timelimit/speedlimit.8.fitinsth:适应……fitinsociety.9.tradesthforsth:以……换……Iwilltrademystampcollectionforyourmodelship.Unit3lookinggood,feelinggood一、Reading1. feelgood:〔精神上〕感到愉快feelwell:(身体上)感到舒适∕身体好①Itmakesmefeelgoodtoknowyoulikeme.②Areyoufeelingwellnow"③Myparentshavealwaysmademe______aboutmyself,evenwhenIwastwelve.A.feelingwellB.feelinggoodC.feelwellD.feelgood答案为D。feelgoodaboutoneself:自我感觉愉快。2. bedyingtodosth:渴望∕急于……bedyingforsth:将想要∕渴望……①Janeisdyingtolosemuchweighttokeepaslimfigure.②Wearedyingformorefreedomofentertainmentnow.3.workout:(1)vt.计算出，解决，制定①workoutamathproblem.②workoutapuzzle.③Thegeneralworkedoutanewplanofattack.(2)vi.结果∕进展；锻炼①Thingsworkedoutquitewell.②Iworkoutregularlytokeepfit.对……感到羞愧∕羞耻4. beashamedof(doing)sth:beashamedthat:beashamedtodosth:耻于∕羞于做……①Iwasashamedofhavingbeenliedtohim.②Barry(巴里)wasashamedthathehadlosthistemper.③IamashamedtosayIhaven’tbeentothechurchfor3years.5.takeweight-losspills:服用减肥药gainweight/putonweight:发胖loseweight:减肥6.recover:(1)vt.找回，重新获得，恢复recoversthfromsth:从……找回∕重新获得……①recoverstolenthingsfromtheclues.②recoversenses/consciousness:恢复知觉(2)vi.恢复recoverfromsth:从……中恢复过来Mybosshasjustrecoveredfromheartattack.7.followone’sadvice:听从……的建议take/adoptone’sadvice:采纳……的建议8. beembarrassedaboutsth:因为……而难堪∕为难embarrassing:adj.令人难堪的∕为难的embarrassed:adj.感到难堪的∕为难的embarrassment:n.①[U]窘迫，为难②[C]令人为难的∕难堪的人或事①Hewasembarrassedaboutmyhairstyle.②Janesufferedmuchembarrassmentinhisyouth.③Wecameacrossalotoffinancialembarrassmentsintheeconomicdevelopment.9.assbbe:按照某人……的样子Pleaseputthebookbackontheshelfasitwas.10.damage:(1)n.①[U]损害，伤害②损害赔偿金[C](2)vt.损害，伤害do/causedamagetosth(=damagesth):损害，伤害.…..①Thetyphoondidalotofdamagetothecrops.②Thecourtawarded5,000dollarsindamagestotheinjured.11.figure:(1)n.①数字②金额，价格③体形④人物；肖像⑤图表①Hehasanineof6figures.②Weboughtthehouseatalowfigure.③Iamdietingtokeepaslimfigure.④Thecentralfigureinthepaintingistheartist’sdaughter.⑤ThefigureonPage22showsapoliticalmapofAfrica.(2)vt.计算；认为vi.是重要局部；〔以重要地位〕出现figuresthout:理解；计算出①Ican’tfigureoutwhyhequithisjob.②Haveyoufiguredouthowmuchtheholidaycost"③Shefiguredgreatlyinthepublicdebateontheissue.她在该问题的公开辩论中非常突出。二、wordpower1.inshape:安康outofshape:①变形，走样②不安康get(oneself)intoshape:强身健体①Youwillneverbeinshapeuntilyoueatlessandtakemoreexercise.②Thechildrenhavebeenplayingwithmyhat—they’veknockeditoutshape.孩子们一直玩着我的帽子——把它弄得不成样子。③Takeexerciseifyouareoutofshape.2.onone’sown:单独地；独力地，单独地①Shelivesonherown.②Althoughherfatherisinthefirm,shegotthejobonherown.三、GrammarandUsagefallout:vi.脱落Herhairisfallingoutbecauseoftoomuchworry.四、task1.makethemostofsth/makefulluseofsth:充分利用……(1)Everypossible______advancedtechnology.A.shouldbemadeof B.shouldbemadeuseC.useshouldbemadeof D.shouldmakeuseof答案为C。(2)It’sconnectedwiththeuseitmakes______thefatstoredinitsbody.A.with B.of C.at D.by答案为B。2.offer:n.提议，建议Ifyoulike,Icandosomeshoppingforyou.That’saverykind______.(2006)A.offerB.serviceC.pointD.suggestion答案为A。That’saverykindoffer:真是帮了大忙了。五、Project1.i