UnitEarthquakes《悦读教材》高一英语人教版

学必求其心得，业必贵于专精学必求其心得，业必贵于专精学必求其心得，业必贵于专精Unit4Earthquakes（一）Earthquakes地震Earthquakes,alsocalledtemblors，canbesotremendouslydestructive.It’shardtoimaginetheyoccurbythethousandseverydayaroundtheworld,usuallyintheformofsmalltremors.地震的另一个表达是＂temblors＂，是有可能造成极大破坏的灾难.世界上各个角落每天都在发生着数以千计的小型地震。Some80percentofalltheplanet’searthquakesoccuralongtherimofthePacificOcean，calledthe＂RingofFire＂becauseofthepreponderanceofvolcanicactivitythereaswell。Mostearthquakesoccuratfaultzones,wheretectonicplates-giantrockslabsthatmakeuptheEarth’supperlayer—collideorslideagainsteachother.Theseimpactsareusuallygradualandunnoticeableonthesurface;however,immensestresscanbuildupbetweenplates。Whenthisstressisreleasedquickly,itsendsmassivevibrations,calledseismicwaves,oftenhundredsofmilesthroughtherockanduptothesurface.Otherquakescanoccurfarfromfaultszoneswhenplatesarestretchedorsqueezed.世界上80%左右的地震和火山发生在太平洋沿岸,因为此地区火山爆发很多，所有又叫环太平洋火山地震带。大多数地震发生在断裂带——也就是大陆板块(组成地球表面的巨大土石块)的交界处，当两块板块移动、相撞的时候就会引发地震或火山爆发。尽管这些影响通常很缓慢也不明显，我们感觉不到。但是板块移动、相撞的能量会不断积聚，当能量剧增的时候，就会释放出大量震波，这种震波会通过岩石从数百英里深传达到地表。这种波叫做地震波。而不发生在断裂带上的地震是由板块扩张或压缩所引起的。Scientistsassignamagnituderatingtoearthquakesbasedonthestrengthanddurationoftheirseismicwaves.Aquakemeasuring3to5isconsideredminororlight；5to7ismoderatetostrong；7to8ismajor；and8ormoreisgreat.根据地震的强度和地震波的辐射范围,科学家把地震分成不同的级别：3-5级是有感地震，5-7级是中强震,7-8级被定义为强震，8级以上就是特大地震了。Onaverage，amagnitude8quakestrikessomewhereeveryyearandsome10，000peopledieinearthquakesannually.Collapsingbuildingsclaimbyfarthemajorityoflives,butthedestructionisoftencompoundedbymudslides,fires,floods,ortsunamis。Smallertemblorsthatusuallyoccurinthedaysfollowingalargeearthquakecancomplicaterescueeffortsandcausefurtherdeathsanddestruction。一般来说，每年都会发生一次八级地震，而每年因地震死亡的人数也会在1万人左右。地震引起的房屋倒塌通常造成了绝大多数的伤亡,而地震带来的危害还包括由此引发的泥石流、火灾、洪灾和海啸。在一次大地震过后的数日里总是会发生一些规模稍小的余震,余震会加大救援难度，会造成更多伤亡和损失.Lossoflifecanbeavoidedthroughemergencyplanning,education，andtheconstructionofbuildingsthatswayratherthanbreakunderthestressofanearthquake。想要减少地震伤亡,一方面可以通过实施紧急预案和地震知识普及教育，另一方面要提高房屋的抗震系数：因为抗震系数搞的建筑物可以在地震来袭之时摇而不倒。（二）WhenTheEarthQuakes当地震发生时OnthenightofAugust17，1959,atabout20minutesbeforemidnight，thegroundinthevicinityofYellowstoneNationalParkbeganshakingviolently.Atthetimetherewasarumblingsound，somethinglikeahugetruckwouldmake。Boththeheavingofthegroundandthenoisewereveryfrighteningbutlastednotquite45seconds。1959年8月17日的晚上，大约午夜前20分钟，黄石国家公园附近大地开始猛烈晃动。同时,大地轰鸣,就像重型卡车发出的轰响一样。地面的起伏和轰响都十分可怕,但是这一切总共不超过45秒。Whatwasevenmorefrighteningwasthesoundofhugeboulderswhichbeganrollingdownthesteepmountain。InonepartoftheupperreachesoftheMadisonRiver，awholemountainbeganshifting，thencamecrashingdowntofillthedeepvalleyanddamthegreatriverwithmillionsoftonsofrocksandtrees.更可怕的是巨石开始从陡峭的山上滚下来的声音.在麦迪生河上游的一条支流处，一整座山动了起来，之后，它崩塌下来,填平了深深的山谷,上百万吨的岩石和大树如大坝般堵住了这条大河。Adozenormorecampersalongtheriverwereburieddeepbeneaththegreatlandslide.Otherswereabletoclimbtosafety,someofthembadlyhurt，butweretrappedbytheslide.Finallythesepeopleweresaved,manyofthembyhelicopter.十几个或许更多沿河露营的人被深埋在这次大滑坡下面.幸存的野营者爬到了安全的地方,其中一些人伤得很重，但是他们仍然不时陷入滑坡.最后这些人都获救了，其中很多人被直升飞机救走了。ThisearthquakenearYellowstoneParkwasjustoneofnearlyamillionthathappeneveryyearallovertheworld.Andasbadasthisquakewas,manyhavebeenworse.这场在黄石公园附近发生的地震仅仅是每年全世界发生的上百万次地震中的一次。若就地震灾害结果而论,有许多地震比这次地震更严重。EarthquakeexpertssaythattheYellowstonequakeof1959wasaboutasbadastheonewhichhitSanFranciscoin1906.ButtheSanFranciscoquakecausedmoredamagebecauseitstruckinaplacewherethereweresomanypeopleliving。InSanFrancisco700personlosttheirlives.地震专家说，1959年的黄石地震和1906年发生在旧金山的地震差不多大.但是旧金山地震造成的破坏更多,因为它发生在人口密集地方。在旧金山约700人丧失生命。AnearthquakeinJapanin1923took160，000lives。InChinain1920anearthquaketook200,000lives.Itiseasytounderstandwhyearthquakearesofeared.1923年发生在日本的地震夺走了16万人的生命.1920年发生在中国的一场大地震造成20万人死亡。因此，很容易理解人们为什么非常恐惧地震。Whatcausestheseterribleshakesoftheverygroundonwhichwelive？是什么原因造成我们生活的这块土地发生可怕的晃动？Toanswerthatquestionwemustfirstunderstandsomethingsabouttheearthitself.要回答这个问题,我们必须首先要了解关于地球自身的一些情况。Fortymilesdeepintheearthistheedgeoftheoutercrustoftheearth，andthereitissohotthatinsteadofhardrockthereismaterialmuchlikethehotlavathatavolcanoerupts。地表下40英里深处是地球外壳的边缘.这里温度非常高，如同火山喷出的岩浆般的物质代替了坚硬的岩石。Itistheearth’s40miledeepcrustwithwhichweareconcernedwhenweseekthecauseofearthquake。我们要寻求地震的起因，这40英里厚的地壳恰恰是我们应该关心的地带。Theearth’scrustisformedofmanydifferentlayersofrocks。Thelayersofrocksarenotlaidevenly，asabricklayerwouldbuildawall.Instead,theearth’scrustismadeofrocklayersthatareoftenunevenandnotperfectlybalanced。地壳由很多不同岩石层构成，而岩层并不像建筑工人建的墙一样均匀、平整地铺开,相对地,由岩层构成的地壳也往往是厚薄不均，且不是完美平整的。Becauseofthegreatweightpressingdownonthem，theselayerstendtofolddownwardatweakspots，andthisfinallycausesanactualbreakinthecrust.Whenthisbreakoccurs，orwhenthesidesofanoldbreakslip，theearthquakes，orshakes,whilethecrustissettlingintoanewposition。由于巨大重量向下压岩层，使它趋于在它的薄弱处往下折压,这最终会使地壳里的某处断裂。当断裂发生时或者旧的断裂块滑动时，土地会震动、摇动，以使地壳进到—个新的位置。Sometimethesefaultsareverysmall,andwethenfeelonlylittletremor。Thetremormayevenbesolightthatonlythemostdelicatemachinewillrecordit.Mostearthquakesareofthisweakkind。Sometimesabreakintheearth’scrustcomesabout,whichstartssuchalandslideasthatwhichoccurredinMadisonCanyon。有些时候这些断裂非常小，我们仅仅能感到微小的颤动。这种颤动甚至轻微到最精密的仪器才可能记录到它们.大多数地震属于这种类型的微震。有时候地壳发生一个断裂,也会引起如同在麦迪生峡谷发生的大滑坡。Itthentakesnotone，butmanyshakesfortheearthtohealthefaultandsettle.Thatiswhymanyafter—shocksfollowamajorearthquake。Sometimesthesegoonforseveralyears.这种大地震往往不是一次，而是很多次的移动,使地球去修补裂缝和调整（岩层的)姿态。这就是为什么—个大地震之后会有很多余震。有时余震会持续好几年.Somepartsoftheeartharemorelikelytohavequakesthanothers.Thisisusuallytrueofmountainouscountry，becausetherethelayersofrockswhichmakeuptheearth’scrustarenotatalleven。Butquakesmayoftenbefeltinlevelcountry，too,becausethewaveswhichcomefromthecenterofaquakerunoftenforthousandsofmiles。地球的某些部分比其他部分更容易发生地震，位于山区的国家通常都是这样.这是因为山区里构成地壳的岩层厚薄非常不均.但是，位于平原的国家也会经常感觉到地震,因为从震源发出的地震波往往可以传出数千英里远。Itiseasytounderstandwhymanissofrightenedbyanearthquake.Peopleusedtothinkthatwhentherewasanearthquake，thegroundopened，swallowedgreatnumbersofpeople，thenclosed,leavingnotraceofthosewhoperished.Weknownowthisdoesnothappen。很容易理解为什么人特别害怕地震。人们过去认为，当某个地方发生了地震，大地会裂开，吃掉很多人，然后合上，这样就死不见尸了。现在我们知道不是这样的。Whatweneedtofearmostaretheafter-effectsofabadearthquake：fires,flood，andlandslides.实际上我们更需要担心的是一次大地震的震后影响：火灾、洪水和滑坡。SincetheYellowstoneearthquakesomepeoplehavesaidthattheywouldnevergotothatareaforfearofbeingcaughtinalandslidesuchasoccurredaftertheearthquake.Thatisfoolish.Suchafearwouldkeepusfrommountainstherestofourlives。自从黄石地震后，一些人说,他们因为害怕被发生在地震后的滑坡伤害，他们再也不会去黄石公园了.这是愚蠢的。这种恐惧将使我们在余生里终生远离大山。Eventhoughearthquakeshappeneveryday,anoccurrenceliketheMadisonRiverlandslidedoesnothappenveryoften.Wecanrealizegratefullythatfewofuswillsufferbecauseofsuchdisaster.Atthesametimewecanunderstandtheneedofbeingreadytohelpthosewhodosuffersuchtrouble。尽管地震每天都在发生，像麦迪生河大滑坡一样的事件却不是经常会发生的。我们能够清楚地意识到,我们中只有极少数任可能受到地震灾害的伤害。同时，我们也明白了要准备好帮助灾区人民。(三)惨痛的记忆:中国历史上的大地震1556：Shaanxi，China1556年，中国明代陕西大地震Thedeadliestquakeofalltimemightbeoneoftheleasttalkedabout,consideringitoccurrednearly450yearsago。The1556quakeclaimedthelivesofsome830,000people。Whythemassivedeathtoll?Blamethequake’sstrength(8.0ontheRichterscale,ormorethan30timesmorepowerfulthanthequakeinHaiti）aswellastimingandlocation。Thepre—modernstructureswereutterlyunabletowithstandaquakeofsuchforce，andmassivelandslidescontributedtothecasualties.这场历史上最可怕的地震也许是最少被谈及的一场地震,因为它发生在约450年前。1556年陕西地震导致约83万人死亡。为何死亡人数如此多?这是因为其震级(里氏8.0级，比海地地震强30多倍)，还有时间和地点。古代的房屋建筑完全不能抵挡这样的大地震，大量山体滑坡也导致不少人遇难。1976:Tangshan，China1976年，中国唐山大地震Chinahasthemisfortunetohavehadtheseconddeadliestearthquakeonrecord,the1976GreatTangshanEarthquake，whichstruckinthecountry’snortheast。It’dbemoreaccuratetocallthisabinaryquake：anaftershockthatstruck16hoursaftertheinitialtemblormeasuredanidentical7。8ontheRichterscaleandwasequallydestructive。1976年的唐山大地震是中国有记录以来的第二大强度的地震,唐山大地震发生在中国的东北地区.确切来说这是两次大地震：地震后16小时，里氏7.8级的余震又造成了巨大损失.1920:Haiyuan,China1920年中国宁夏海原地震TheDec。16,1920Haiyuanearthquake-whichregistereda7。8magnitudeontheRichterscale-causedriverstochangecourseandsentlandslidespouringdownmountains。DestructionstretchedacrosssevenChineseprovinces。Sujiahe,atownininXijiCounty,wascompletelyburiedunderalandslide.Anestimated200,000peoplediedinthedisaster,whichwasfeltasfarawayasNorway。1920年12月16日宁夏海原发生的里氏7。8级大地震使得河流改道，并导致山体滑坡。七个省份同时受灾。西吉县苏家河镇在一次山体滑坡中整体被埋。据统计，有二十万人死于此次地震，挪威都有震感。2008：SichuanProvince，China2008年中国四川大地震The7.9-magnitudedisasterstruckthemountainousSichuanProvinceinwesternChina，destroyingmillionsofbuildingsandcausinganestimated86billionworthofdamage.Nearly10,000childrendiedinschools—trappedunderrubblewhenthebuildingscollapsed.这场发生7.9级的大地震发生在中国西部的四川,造成数百万幢房屋倒塌，造成约860亿美元的损失。几乎有一万名儿童死在倒塌的教学楼的碎砾下.（四)Howcanyouprotectyourselfinanearthquake当地震发生时，你该如何应对？●Whenwalkingoutside行走在户外时Takecautionagainstfallingobjects,suchassignsandbrokenwindows。Toolsandconstructionmaterialscanfalldownataconstructionsite.Protectyourheadwithyourbagorcoatandkeepatadistancefromtallbuildings.Stonewallsandpillarscanalsofalldownandarepotentiallydangerous.当心坠落的物体，例广告牌和破碎的窗户.建筑工地上建筑工具和材料都有可能会跌落下来。用包或大衣护住自己的头部，远离高层建筑。石头墙和柱子也可能会倒塌，存在安全隐患。●Whendrivingacar驾驶车辆时Firmlyholdthesteeringwheel,graduallyreducespeed，parkyourcaronthesideoftheroad，andstoptheengine。Listentoinformationontheradioandfindoutwhatishappening。Ifyouneedtoevacuate,leaveyourkeys,keepthedoorsunlocked,andwalkawaywithyourcardocumentsandvaluables.握稳方向盘，逐渐减速,然后把车停到路边,关掉引擎。收听广播信息,了解目前状况。如果需要撤离，应将车钥匙留下，不锁车门，并随身携带好车辆证件和贵重物品.●Whenundergroundorinasubway在地下或乘地铁时Theshakingyoufeelwhenyouareundergroundisabouthalfofwhatyouwouldexperienceoverground。Additionally,undergroundareashavestrongstructuresandaresaferthanhigh-risebuildings.Calmlyevacuate,followinginstructionsfromshopclerksandsubwaystaff.地下感受到的震动大约只有地上的一半.另外，地下建筑通常比高层建筑更坚固、安全。应按照店员和地铁工作人员的指示，沉着冷静地撤离。●Wheninhigh—risebuilding在高层建筑时Elevatorswithearthquakesensorswillstopatthenearestfloor。Immediatelyleavetheelevator.Ifyougetstuckintheelevator，usetheintercomtocontactsomeoneoutsideandwaitforrescue.Whenyouevacuatefrombuildings，neveruseelevators，listentoannouncements,andusethestairstoleavethebuilding.装有地震感应器的电梯会停靠在最近的楼层，此时应迅速地离开电梯.如果被困在电梯里，应用其通话装置和外部联系，然后等待救援.从楼房撤离时，不要使用电梯,而应听广播，使用楼梯离开大楼。●Whenneartheocean在海边时Headforhighergroundandcarefullylistentotsunamiinformation.Donotgoneartheoceanuntiltsunamiwarningshavebeencleared。Don’teventhinkaboutgoingtowatchtsunamis！立即向高处转移，同时收听海啸信息。在海啸警报解除之前，不要靠近海边，更不要有观看海啸的荒谬想法.高考试题一体裁题材词数难度建议时间说明文避免温室效应的新方法698★★★★☆9分钟(2017·江苏,阅读理解D)OldProblem,NewApproaches Whilecleanenergyisincreasinglyusedinourdailylife，globalwarmingwillcontinueforsomedecadesafterCO2emissions（排放）peak。Soevenifemissionsweretobegintodecreasetoday，wewouldstillfacethechallengeofadaptingtoclimatechange。HereIwillstresssomesmarterandmorecreativeexamplesofclimateadaptation。 Whenitcomestoadaptation，itisimportanttounderstandthatclimatechangeisaprocess。Wearethereforenottalkingaboutadaptingtoanewstandard,buttoaconstantlyshiftingsetofconditions。Thisiswhy,inpartatleast,theUSNationalClimateAssessmentsaysthat：＂Thereisno‘one-sizefitsall’adaptation。＂Nevertheless,therearesomeactionsthatoffermuchandcarrylittleriskorcost. Aroundtheworld，peopleareadaptinginsurprisingways，especiallyinsomepoorcountries.FloodshavebecomemoredamaginginBangladeshinrecentdecades。MohammedRezwansawopportunitywhereotherssawonlydisaster。Hisnot—for-profitorganizationruns100riverboatsthatserveasfloatinglibraries，schools,andhealthclinics,andareequippedwithsolarpanelsandothercommunicatingfacilities.Rezwaniscreatingfloatingconnectivity（连体）toreplacefloodedroadsandhighways。Butheisalsoworkingatafarmorefundamentallevel：hisstaffshowpeoplehowtomakefloatinggardensandfishpondspreventstarvationduringthewetseason。ElsewhereinAsiaevenmoreastonishingactionsarebeingtaken。ChewangNorphellivesinamountainousregioninIndia,whereheisknownastheIceMan。Thelossofglaciers（冰川)thereduetoglobalwarmingrepresentsanenormousthreattoagriculture。Withouttheglaciers,waterwillarriveintheriversattimeswhenitcandamagecrops。Norphel’sinspirationcamefromseeingthewasteofwateroverwinter,whenitwasnotneeded。Hedirectedthewastedwaterintoshallowbasinswhereitfroze,andwasstoreduntilthespring.Hisfieldsoficesupplyperfectlytimedirrigation(灌溉）water。Havingcreatedninesuchicereserves，Norphelcalculatesthathehasstoredabout200,000m3ofwater。Climatechangeisacontinuingprocess，soNorphel'sicereserveswillnotlastforever。Warmingwillovertakethem。Butheisprovidingafewyearsduringwhichthefarmerswill，perhaps,beabletofindothermeansofadapting.IncreasingEarth'sreflectivenesscancooltheplanet。InsouthernSpainthesuddenincreaseofgreenhouses（whichreflectlightbacktospace）haschangedthewarmingtrendlocally，andactuallycooledtheregion.WhileSpainasawholeisheatingupquickly，temperaturesnearthegreenhouseshavedecreased。Thisexampleshouldactasaninspirationforallcities.Bypaintingbuildingswhite，citiesmayslowdownthewarmingprocess。InPeru，localfarmersaroundamountainwithaglacierthathasalreadyfallenvictimtoclimatechangehavebegunpaintingtheentiremountainpeakwhiteinthehopethattheaddedreflectivenesswillrestorethelife—givingice.Theoutcomeisstillfarfromclear。ButtheWorldBankhasincludedtheprojectonitsof＂100ideastosavetheplanet＂。Moreordinaryformsofadaptationarehappeningeverywhere.AfriendofmineownsanareaoflandinwesternVictoria。Overfivegenerationsthelandhasbeentoowetforcropping。Butduringthepastdecadedecliningrainfallhasallowedhimtoplanthighlyprofitablecrops。Farmersinmanycountriesarealsoadaptinglikethis-eitherbygrowingnewproduce，orbygrowingthesamethingsdifferently。Thisiscommonsense。Butsomesuggestionsforadaptingarenot。Whenthepollutingindustriesarguethatwe’velostthebattletocontrolcarbonpollutionandhavenochoicebuttoadapt，it’sanonsensedesignedtomakethecaseforbusinessasusual.Humanbeingswillcontinuetoadapttothechangingclimateinbothordinaryandastonishingways。Butthemostsensibleformofadaptationissurelytoadaptourenergysystemstoemitlesscarbonpollution.Afterall，ifweadaptinthatway,wemayavoidtheneedtochangeinsomanyothers。65。TheunderlinedpartinParagraph2implies____________。A.adaptationisanever-changingprocessB。thecostofadaptationvarieswithtimeC。globalwarmingaffectsadaptationformsD.adaptationtoclimatechangeischallenging66.WhatisspecialwithregardtoRezwan’sproject？A.Theprojectreceivesgovernmentsupport。B。Differentorganizationsworkwitheachother。C。Hisorganizationmakesthebestofabadsituation。D.Theprojectconnectsfloodedroadsandhighways.67.WhatdidtheIceMandotoreducetheeffectofglobalwarming？A。Storingiceforfutureuse.B。Protectingtheglaciersfrommelting。C.Changingtheirrigationtime.D.Postponingthemeltingoftheglaciers.68。WhatdowelearnfromthePeruexample?A.Whitepaintisusuallysafeforbuildings。B。Theglobalwarmingtreadcannotbestopped.C.Thiscountryisheatinguptooquickly.D.Sunlightreflectionmayrelieveglobalwarming.69.Accordingtotheauthor，pollutingindustriesshould____________.A。adapttocarbonpollutionB。planthighlyprofitablecropsC。leavecarbonemissionalone D.fightagainstcarbonpollution70.What’stheauthor'spreferredsolutiontoglobalwarming？A.Settingupanewstandard。B。Reducingcarbonemission.C.Adaptingtoclimatechange.D.Monitoringpollutingindustries。【答案】【语篇解读】文章关注的是我们熟悉的话题-—气候变暖，不同的是，文章给出了一些应对气候变暖的新途径.65.A【解析】词义猜测题.one—sizefitall意为＂通用的，万全之策＂，句意：不存在通用的适应性方法。下句Nevertheless表转折,再根据＂therearesomeactionsthatoffermuchandcarrylittleriskorcost＂可知，没有放之四海而皆准的方法，即适应是需要根据情况不断作出调整，而非一成不变的.67.A【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段中的＂Norphel’sinspirationcomefromseeingthewasteofwateroverwinter，whenitwasnotneeded.Hedirectedthewastedwaterintoshallowbasinswhereitfroze，andwasstoreduntilthespring。＂可知，把冰川融化后的水储存起来以备不时之需，是减少气候变暖危害的方法之一。68。D【解析】细节理解题。根据倒数第四段中的＂Bypaintingbuildingswhite，citiesmayslowdownthewarmingprocess.＂和倒数第三段中的＂paintingtheentiremountainpeakwhiteinthehopethattheaddedreflectivenesswillrestorethelife-givingice＂可知,将墙壁涂成白色是利用了光的反射原理,这样可以缓解气候变暖。70。B【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的＂Butthemostsensibleformofadaptationissurelytoadaptourenergysystemstoemitlesscarbonpollution.＂可知，作者认为，最合理的方法仍然是减少二氧化碳的排放。高考试题二体裁题材词数难度建议时间议论文超能力242★★☆☆☆6分钟(2016·四川,阅读理解D)Ifyoucouldhaveonesuperpower，whatwoulditbe？Dreamingaboutwhetheryouwouldwanttoreadminds，seethroughwalls，orhavesuperhumanstrengthmaysoundsilly,butitactuallygetstotheheartofwhatreallymattersinyourlife.Everydayinourwork，weareinspiredbythepeoplewemeetdoingextraordinarythingstoimprovetheworld。Theyhaveadifferentkindofsuperpowerthatallofuspossess：thepowertomakeadifferenceinthelivesofothers.We’renotsayingthateveryoneneedstocontributetheirlivestothepoor.Yourlivesarebusyenoughdoinghomework,playingsports，makingfriends，seekingafteryourdreams。Butwedothinkthatyoucanliveamorepowerfullifewhenyoudevotesomeofyourtimeandenergytosomethingmuchlargerthanyourself.Findanissueyouareinterestedinandlearnmore。Volunteeror，ifyoucan,contributealittlemoneytoacause.Whateveryoudo,don’tbeabystander。Getinvolved。Youmayhavetheopportunitytomakeyourbiggestdifferencewhenyou’reolder.Butwhynotstartnow?Ourownexperienceworkingtogetheronhealth,development，andenergythelasttwentyyearshasbeenoneofthemostrewardingpartsofourlives。Ithaschangedwhoweareandcontinuestofuelouroptimismabouthowmuchthelivesofthepoorestpeoplewillimproveintheyearsahead。24.WhatdoestheunderlinedpartinParagraph2referto?A。Yourlifestyle. B.Yourlifevalue。C.Yourtroubleinlife. D.Yourlifeexperience。25.Whydoestheauthorsaytheyareinspiredeveryday？A。Theypossessdifferentkindsofsuperpowers。B。Theyhavegotthepowertochangetheworld.C。Somepeoplearoundthemaremakingtheworldbetter。D.Therearemanypowerfulpeopleintheirlifeandwork。26。WhatdoestheauthorstressinParagraph5?A。Learningmoreandcontributingmoretoacause.B.Risingaboveselfandactingtohelpothers.C。Workinghardtogetabiggeropportunity.D.Tryingyourbesttohelpthepoor.27。Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph？A.Theauthorbelievesthelivesofthepoorestwillgetbetter。B。Muchmoreprogresswillbemadeinthenearfuture.C。Theworkonhealthisthemostvaluableexperience.D。People’seffortshavebeenmateriallyrewarded.【答案】【语篇解读】我们每个人都有一种＂超能力＂。我们应该尽量超越自己，利用这种＂超能力＂去做一些非凡的事情，帮助他人,并改善世界。25.C【解析】细节理解题.根据第三段中的＂weareinspired.。.doingextraordinarythingstoimprovetheworld＂和第四段中的＂Theyhaveadifferentkindofsuperpowerthatallofuspossess：thepowertomakeadifferenceinthelivesofothers＂可知，作者讲他们每天都受鼓励的原因是他们周围的一些人在做非凡的事情以让世界变得更美好。故C项正确.26。B【解析】推理判断题.根据第五段中的＂Butwedothinkthatyoucanliveamorepowerfullifewhenyoudevotesomeofyourtimeandenergytosomethingmuchlargerthanyourself..。Volunteeror，ifyoucan，contributealittlemoneytoacause.。。＂可知,作者强调的内容是＂我们要超越自我,采取行动,帮助他人＂。所以B项正确。27.A【解析】推理判断题.根据最后一段中的＂。.。themostrewardingpartsofourlives。Ithaschangedwhoweareandcontinuestofuelouroptimismabouthowmuchthelivesofthepoorestpeoplewillimproveintheyearsahead＂可知，作者认为最穷困的人的生活会变得更加美好.所以A项正确。=2\*ROMANI。阅读理解阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。体裁题材词数难度建议时间记叙文地震后人们之间关爱245★★☆☆☆5分钟Whenanearthquakehitasmalltown,manyhousesfelldown。Aftertheearthquake,allthenewspapersreportedmany—storiesaboutsomeofthefamilieswhowereintrouble.OneSunday,whenIwasreadinganewspaper,aspecialpicturetouchedme.Itgavetheclothingsizesofeachfamilymember.Ithoughtthatthiswouldbeagoodchancetoteachmychildrentohelpthosewhowerelessluckythanthemselves。Isaidtomyseven-year-oldtwins，BradandBrett,andthree—year—olddaughter，Meghan，＂Wehavesomuch,butthesepoorpeoplenowhavenothing.We’llsharewhatwehavewiththem。＂Ifilledaboxwithfoodsandclothes.WhileIwasdoingthis，Iencouragedthechildrentochoosetheirtoysanddonatesomeoftheirlessfavoritethings。Meghanwatchedquietlyastheboystookouttheiroldtoysandgamesandputthemtogether.Thenshewalkedaway.AfewminuteslatershecamebackwithLucy，hermuch-loveddoll。Sheputthedollontopoftheothertoys.＂Oh，dear,＂Isaid，＂youdon’thavetogiveLucy。Youlovehersomuch。＂Meghansaid,＂Lucymakesmehappy，Mommy.Maybeshe’llmakeanotherlittlegirlhappy,too。＂IlookedatMeghanforalongmoment.Shetaughtmealesson.It’seasytogivesomethingthatwedon’twantanymore，buthardtogivewhatwecherish(珍爱），isn'tit？1.Accordingtothepassage,thewriterhas_____________children。A.one B。two C.three D。four2.Theunderlinedword＂donate＂probablymeans_____________。A.捐赠 B.丢掉 C。展出 D。放好3。WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.Anearthquakehappenedinthewriter’shometown.B.ThewriterletMeghangivehermuch—loveddoll.C。Thewriterdecidedtobuysomeclothesforthosepeopleintrouble。D.Thewriterthinksitismoredifficulttogivewhatwelovealot.4。What’sthebesttitleofthispassage?A。AFamilyStory。B.TheSpiritofGiving.C。TheWayofHelpingOthers。D。ASadExperience.=2\＊ROMANII.完形填空体裁题材词数难度建议时间说明文预防地震的知识274★★★☆☆18分钟Childrenneedtobepreparedforanearthquakeasmuchasadults,ifnotmore.Forbabiesandchildren,special__1__shouldbepaidto2theirenvironmentassafeaspossible。Theirbedsshouldbeplaced3fromwindowsandtall，unsteadybookcasesandshelvesthatcould4down.Attheveryleasta72-hour5ofextrawater,bottles，food，juices，clothing,plentyofdiapers（尿布），babywipesandreadymedicinesshouldbe6whereitismostlikelytoget7anearthquake。Alsokeepanextradiaperbagwiththesethingsinyourcar.Storebabycars,blanketsandbabybedswithrightwheelstoputbabiesintoleaveintime,if8.Setsoftpads(垫子)inbabybedsorbabycarsto9babiesduringtheshaking.Byagethreeorso,childrencan10whatanearthquakeisandhowtoget11forone。Takethetimetoexplainwhat12earthquakes13whatthey’llunderstand。Includeyourchildreninfamilydiscussionsandplanningforearthquake14。Takedrillsandreviewsafetyprocedures(步骤)15sixmonths。Showchildrenthesafestplacestobeineachroomwhenanearthquakehits.Alsoshowthemall16exitsfromeachroom.Teachchildrenwhattodo17theyareduringanearthquake（atschool，inatallbuilding,outdoors）.__18__children’semergencycardsatschoolareup-to-date。19childrenshouldnotturnoffanylights，it'simportantthattheyknowwhatgassmellslike.Advisechildrentotella(n）20iftheysmellgasafteranearthquake。1。A.advice B。warn C。attention D.help2。A.making

B.feeling

C.staying D.playing3.A。nearby

B。down

C。across

D.away4.A.break

B。fall

C.fold

D。put5。A.supply

B。number

C.amount

D。deal6。A.taken

B。left

C。stored

D。bought7。A.before

B。during

C.since

D。after8.A.important

B.necessary C.easy

D.ready9。A.protect

B.lay C。relax

D。drive10。A。call B.understand

C。expect

D。guess11。A.worried

B。eager

C.excited

D.ready12.A。changes

B.affects

C。prevents

D.causes13.A。accordingto

B。becauseofC.inspiteof

D.thanksto14.A.reason

B.result

C。safety

D.truth15。A.once

B。every

C。next

D.another16.A。similar

B.different

C。equal

D.possible17。A。wherever

B.whatever

C.whenever D。whoever18。A.Makesense

B。Workout

C.Makesure

D.Setdown19。A.Although

B.Because

C。If

D。Besides20.A.person

B。adult

C.stranger

D。friend=3\*ROMANIII.书面表达体裁话题提纲类电子邮件向美国网友介绍帮助地震灾区活动的启动仪式你市最近隆重举行了＂帮助地震灾区＂活动的启动仪式。假如你是王华，请根据以下要点向你的美国网友Peter发一封英文电子邮件，介绍这次活动的情况.要点如下：1。时间：2017年3月20日上午；2.地点：市政府广场；3.参加人员：全市各行各业8000多人(包括中小学生）;4.主要活动：市长动员讲话、开幕式、捐款活动等。5。你的感受……注意：1。词数100左右，邮件的开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数；2。可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯.参考词汇：donation捐赠物;harmonious和谐的

DearPeter,I'mverygladtotellyousomethingabouttheopeningceremonyofHelpingtheEarthquake—strickenAreainourcity。_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________